2nd Six Weeks’ Review

UNITS 3 & 4

1. The British theory of mercantilism, by which the colonies were governed, held that
a. The economy should be shaped by market forces, without government interference.
b. The colonies should become as economically self-sufficient as possible.
c. The colonial economy should serve as mother country’s needs.
d. Colonies should promote economic growth by free trade with other countries.

2. The “Republican motherhood” emerging from the American Revolution held that
a. Women should be rewarded politically for helping establish the American republic.
b. Women should cultivate the “civic virtues” of republicanism in their children.
c. The government should establish social services to help mothers raise their children
d. Mothers should be granted full political and economic rights..

3. Between 1777 and 1784,

a. most northern states ended slavery
b. most northern states accelerated their use of slavery
c. slave owners resorted to the use of Indian slaves
d. many states allowed women the momentary right to vote

4. At the end of the Revolutionary war, a British officer observed, “they have made all their
world their enemies by their attachment to us.” Who is “they” in this statement?
a. Anglo-Americans who were Tories
b. Native Americans who lost England as an ally
c. Canadians who were loyal to England
d. Leaders of the American Revolution

5. State constitutions tended to

a. increase the power of the national government
b. exclude a formal bill of rights
c. lower property requirements for the right to vote
d. strengthen ties between the state and the Anglican Church

6. The most democratic constitution of the Revolutionary period was passed in

a. Massachusetts
b. New York
c. South Carolina
d. Pennsylvania

7. A unicameral legislature is
a. a one-house system of government
b. the dominant power in all constitutional monarchies
c. the foundation of federal republicanism
d. the key ingredient of bicameral governments

8. Under the Articles of Confederation, the American states

a. were bound by strict statutes of economic and trade policies
b. had little power compared to the national government
c. were subject to the rule of the national judiciary
d. created as a loose association of autonomous states

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9. Creators of the Articles of Confederation
a. were mainly made up of reluctant supporters of the Revolution
b. feared the encroachment of centralized power
c. were Tories who sabotaged the American war effort
d. asserted that the President should have final say on all matters

10. By the end of the war, Continental money was

a. actively invested in the London stock exchange
b. used to effectively pay off the nation’s war debts
c. virtually worthless
d. more valuable than the British pound

11. After the Revolution, British merchants

a. canceled all debts owed to them by American merchants
b. continued to close its markets to American goods
c. refused to sell goods to consumers in America
d. eagerly accepted Continental money as a means of payment

12. Within a year of the surrender of Great Britain, the American economy
a. experienced the nation’s first depression
b. thrived due to subsidies from France
c. experienced a surplus of exports over imports
d. bolstered the strength of the small family farm

13. Effects of the Revolution on women included all of the following EXCEPT
a. less restrictive divorce laws
b. greater access to education
c. an improved perception of women’s moral status
d. the banning of the sale of black female slaves

14. Daniel Shays focused on closing down the court system because it
a. would not support the right for all white males to vote
b. was responsible for the nation’s policy of free trade
c. had found him guilty of conspiracy against the government of the United States
d. it was the legal instrument of foreclosure on debts and farms

15. The effects of Shays’ Rebellion included all of the following EXCEPT
a. many leaders lost faith in the Articles of Confederation
b. a renewal of public confidence in the national government
c. calls were made for a central government with more power
d. Americans realized there were elements of conflict between social classes

16. Shay’s Rebellion contributed to the movement for a new constitution by

a. Demonstrating the desire of western farmers for a strong government to assist them.
b Raising the fear of anarchy and disorder among wealthy conservatives.
c. Raising the prospect of British and French interference in American domestic affairs.
d. Demonstrating that the Northwest Ordinance had failed to resolve western land issues.

17. Why were conservatives alarmed by the actions of the debtor party in Rhode Island?
a. The conservatives were angered by the party’s unofficial alliance with England

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 b. Conservatives feared the creation of governments that included farmers and artisans
c. The debtor party supported an open policy of free trade with Great Britain
d. The debtor party wished to reduce voting rights that had been gained in the Revolution

18. Chesapeake planters refused to pay their debts to Britain because

a. the Treaty of Paris did not require payment of debts
b. the planters were all bankrupt and without assets
c. Britain had freed many slaves without compensation to slave owners
d. the planters argued that they never incurred financial debts to British merchants

19. After the war, Loyalists

a. still faced hostility in the new United States
b. refused to leave the new nation
c. were allowed to keep their property
d. benefited from treaty requirements that they could not be harassed

20. As social, political, and economic crises increased in the mid 1780s,
a. supporters of the Articles of Confederation grew in numbers
b. more American leaders became nationalists
c. westerners were the only Americans who were satisfied with governmental policies
d. unicameral legislatures dominated state governments

21. The Constitutional Convention took place in

a. Philadelphia
b. Annapolis
c. New York
d. Washington D.C.

22. The two main leaders who called for a Constitutional Convention were James Madison and
a. Patrick Henry
b. Thomas Jefferson
c. Sam Adams
d. Alexander Hamilton

23. The Constitutional Convention was spurred by all of the following EXCEPT
a. the elite’s discomfort over domestic rebellions
b. a desire to solve the new nation’s financial problems
c. the feeling that the nation needed a stronger central government
d. the popular call to create a bill of rights for common citizens

24. The Virginia Plan was introduced by

a. Alexander Hamilton
b. Thomas Jefferson
c. James Madison
d. Patrick Henry

25. The Great Compromise, created by Roger Sherman,

a. actually aggravated the situation of free and slave states
b. successfully split the differences between small and large states
c. made all representation proportionate to the size of individual states
d. called for a policy of “one state, one vote”

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26. What concession was made to southern delegates to gain their support for the federal
government’s power to regulate trade policies?
a. Northern delegates agreed to never pass tariffs that favored manufacturing interests
b. A promise by James Madison that southern states could nullify federal laws
c. Delegates returned to the original idea of entirely proportionate legislation
d. Northern delegates agreed to drop demands for abolition of the slave trade

27. What compromise, between open popular election and Congressional election of the
President, was reached by the Constitutional Convention?
a. An agreement not to touch the institution of slavery
b. Use of the electoral college to decide the winner of presidential elections
c. A policy of states determining their own international trade policies
d. Declaring that slaves be considered three-fifths of a person for purposes of tax assessment

28. James Madison’s political philosophy regarding the creation of the Constitution was
“Ambition must be made to counter
a. ambition”
b. commercial dominance”
c. self interest”
d. monarchy”

29. Which statement would most likely have been said by a Federalist?
a. “We mistrust the extreme powers the Constitution gives to the national government”
b. “Our republic will thrive best with a balance of power between national and state
governments”
c. “Slavery shall be an issue that Congress must never address, for it is not in the domain of
the legislative branch”
d. “This Constitution serves us best when it allows local interests to be the heart and soul of
the nation”

30. Most Antifederalists

a. owned manufacturing interests
b. supported a strong central government
c. had centers of support in the urban North
d. distrusted the social and commercial elite

31. Many Antifederalists were concerned that the original draft of the Constitution did NOT
a. make attempts to end slavery
b. include a bill of rights
c. provide specific language about judicial review
d. create a bicameral national legislature

32. All of the following were authors of The Federalist EXCEPT

a. John Jay
b. Alexander Hamilton
c. James Madison
d. George Mason

33. Which is the only event that happened during the Revolutionary War?
a. Shays’s Rebellion

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 b. The Virginia Plan is proposed
c. The Annapolis Convention convenes
d. The Articles of Confederation are proposed

34. Which event happened last?

a. Constitutional Convention ends
b. Bill of Rights enacted
c. Shays’s Rebellion
d. Jay-Gardoqui Treaty is defeated

35. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 provided that

a. The states should retain permanent control of their western lands.
b. Money from the sale of western lands should be used to promote manufacturing.
c. After sufficient population growth, western territories could be organized anf then join
the union as states.
d. The settlers in the northwest could vote on whether or not they should have slavery.

36. Which of the following sets of rights are not included in the Bill of Rights?
a. Freedom of religion, speech, and press.
b. Rights to freedom of education and freedom of travel.
c. Right to bear arms and to be tried by jury.
d. Rights to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances.

37. Washington’s foreign policy rested on the basic belief that

a. There should be an end to European colonialism in the Americans.
b. It was in America’s interest to stay neutral in European wars.
c. America needed to adhere to its revolutionary alliance with France.
d. American ought to enter the French-British war only if republican ideals were at stake.

38. The Whiskey Rebellion was spurred by

a. opposition to Hamilton’s excise tax
b. a move by Congress to institute prohibition alcohol consumption
c. the Federalists’ refusal to permit interstate sale of alcohol
d. armers’ support for the French Revolution

39. A deist believes

a. in God as a creator, but not as a being who intervenes in earthly affairs
b. that a republican state should include a national religion
c. in God as the master force behind all earthly matters
d. that school prayer and required reading of the Bible are key political issues

40. The Federalists essentially believed that

a. Most governmental power should be retained by the states.
b. Government should provide no special aid to private enterprise.
c. The common people could, if educated, participate in government affairs.
d. There should be a strong central government controlled by the wealthy and the well
educated

41. Regarding the French Revolution, most Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans believed that
a. The violence was regrettable but necessary.

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 b. The overthrow of the king was necessary, but the Reign of Terror went too far.
c. The revolution should be supported by American military aid.
d. The revolution represented a complete distortion of American ideals of liberty.

42. The Battle of Fallen Timbers resulted in

a. an embarrassing defeat of the American army
b. a public humiliation for the Washington administration
c. the firing of Arthur St. Clair
d. the decisive defeat of the Ohio Indians

43. What factor made the South the most populous region in the early United States?
a. The most beneficial job market in the nation
b. The comfortable climate for doing outdoor labor
c. The appeal of a wide range of European-American cultures
d. The presence of a large number of African-American slave

44. Which geographic region best describes the American West in 1790?
a. From the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River
b. From the Blue Ridge Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean
c. From the Appalachian Mountains to the southern Canadian border
d. From the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean

45. Hamilton’s ideas included all of the following EXCEPT

a. promoting an agrarian-based economy for the United States
b. raising revenues by placing an excise tax on whiskey
c. the creation of a Bank of the United States
d. advocating protective tariffs to strengthen American industry

46. In his Farewell Address, Washington devoted most of his time to

a. denouncing partisan politics
b. calling for foreign alliances
c. praising Alexander Hamilton
d. reminiscing about the Revolution

47. The Alien Acts did all of the following EXCEPT

a. empower the president to deport foreigners from nations at war with America
b. make it illegal for immigrants to the South to join the Republican Party
c. make it more difficult for immigrants to become citizens
d. authorize the president to expel aliens at his will

48. The Sedition Act can easily be seen as a violation of

a. the election promises made by Adams
b. Hamilton’s political ideals
c. the belief in a strong national government
d. First Amendment rights

49. The Federalists targeted immigrants in the Alien Acts because

a. many immigrants were spying for France
b. the Federalists wanted a nation of English-Americans only
c. many immigrants voted for the Republican Party
d. leaders of the Republican Party had not been born in North America

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50. The election of 1800 was contentious and bitter in all of the following ways EXCEPT
a. the Federalists portrayed Jefferson as a godless revolutionary
b. the Republicans’ claim that Washington was not a true hero of the Revolution
c. the Republicans portrayed Adams as a monarchist determined to undo the Revolution
d. the electoral tie between Burr and Jefferson was heatedly debated behind closed doors

UNITS 5 & 6

PART I. Please answer questions 1-5 True / False

1. An unexpected deadlock with John Adams in 1800 was resolved when Hamilton used his
influence to have Jefferson chosen by the House

2. Jefferson's deepest doubt about the Louisiana Purchase was that the price would greatly
increase national debt.

3. The most explosive issue in early 1800s between Britain and the U.S. was the British
blockade of American shipments to Europe.

4. One Federalist policy quickly overturned by the Republicans was the BUS.

5. Jefferson's embargo policy of 1807 led to increased profits for U.S. merchants and a reduction in
British trade restrictions.

PART II. Please answer questions 6-40 with the correct choice.

6. Most Indian military resistance east of the Mississippi River was effectively crushed at
A. The Thames and the Lake Erie.
B. Fort McHenry and New Orleans.
C. Tippecanoe and Horseshoe bend.
D. Plattsburg and Bladensburg.

7. A crucial foreign policy goal for many “war hawks” in the War of 1812 was
A. The end of Spanish colonization in the Americas.
B The capture and annexation of Canada.
C. The conquest and settlement of Texas.
D. The destruction of the British navy.

8. The term “midnight judges” refers to

A. Federalist judges appointed by President John Adams at the last moments of his administration.
B. Federal judges who held late-night court sessions to hear controversial cases.
C. Judges like William Marbury who sued to have their late-night appointment commissions
confirmed.
D. States’ rights judges appointed by President Jefferson moments after his inauguration.

9. The greatest political beneficiary of the Louisiana Purchase was

A. Thomas Jefferson.
B. Aaron Burr.
C. The Federalist Party.

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D. Napoleon.

10. One Federalist policy that Jefferson quickly overturned was

A. Funding an assumption.
B. The excise tax.
C. The Bank of the United States.
D. The protective tariff.

11. Which of the following accurately characterizes the foreign policy goals of Jefferson and
Madison before 1812?
A. strengthen U.S. trade relations with Britain and France.
B. maintain U.S. neutral rights without war.
C. seek an alliance with either Britain or France.
D. explore ways to acquire Canada.

12. A major effect of John Marshall's Supreme Court decisions was to

A. expand federal power and limit power of the states.
B. expand state power and limit federal power.
C. declare federal laws to be unconstitutional.
D. enlarge the jurisdiction of state courts.
E. legitimize a strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution.

13. In 1801 Jefferson said, "We are all republicans, we are all federalists," meaning A. Americans
would never ally themselves with monarchial governments.
B. federalists would be appointed to his cabinet.
C. the two parties' platforms were identical.
D. the principles of American government were above party politics.
E. he admired Hamilton's policies.

14. The Louisiana Purchase resulted primarily from

A. efforts to prevent Spain from closing off U.S westward expansion.
B. Lewis and Clark's reports of potential of the western region.
C. U.S. efforts to prevent war with France over commerce rights in New Orleans.
D. Federalist desires to establish strong federation of states west of Mississippi River.
E. Republican desires to dilute Federalist power in New England by expanding westward.

15. Which statement about the Embargo Act is not true?

A. It resulted in a vibrant economic boom in America.
B. It represented President Jefferson's belief in "peaceable coercion."
C. It prohibited merchants from trading with Europe.
D. It failed to cause England and France to change their trade policies.

16. The war of 1812 was one of the worst-fought wars in United States’ history because
A. Native Americans supported the British.
B. Too much national anger prevented clear thinking on strategy.
C. Of the poor state of the economy.
D. Of a non-existent militia.
E. Of widespread disunity.

17. America’s campaign against Canada in the War of 1812 was

A. Unusual for its brilliant military leadership.

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B. A complete failure.
C. Marked by good coordination of a complicated strategy.
D. Notable for its support by New England.
E. A success on land but a failure on the water.

18. The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 took place at the
battle of
A New Orleans.
B. Horseshoe Bend.
C. Tippecanoe.
D. The Thames.
E. Fallen Timbers.

19. At the peace conference of Ghent, Britain began to withdraw many of its earlier demands for all
the following reasons except
A. Reverses in upper New York.
B. A loss at Baltimore.
C. Increasing war weariness in Britain.
D. Concern about the still dangerous France.
E. The American victory at New Orleans.

20. In diplomatic and economic terms, the War of 1812

A. Was a disaster for the United States.
B. Could be considered a Second War for American Independence.
C. Was considered a victory for Britain.
D. Resulted in the fall of the British government that concluded the conflict.
E. Was a disaster for Britain.

21. One of the most important by-products of the War of 1812 was
A. A renewed commitment to states’ rights.
B. A heightened spirit of nationalism.
C. A resurgence of the Federalist Party.
D. Increased economic dependence on Europe.
E. A subjugation of the Indians.

22. The Tariff of 1816 was the first in American history

A. To be enacted.
B. Intended to raise revenue.
C. That aimed to protect American industry.
D. To impose custom duties on foreign imports.
E. Designed to protect agriculture.

23. The Era of Good Feelings

A. Was characterized by the absence of any serious problems.
B. Was noted for cooperation between the Democratic and Republican parties.
C. Marked a temporary end to sectionalism.
D. Was a troubled period.
E. Saw the start of the Whig party.

24. The western land boom resulted from all the following except
A. It was a continuation of the old westward movement.

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B. Land exhaustion in older tobacco states.
C. Speculators accepted small down payments.
D. The frontier was pacified with the defeat of the Indians.
E. The construction of railroad lines as far west as the Mississippi River.

25. As a result of the Missouri Compromise

A. There were more slave states than free states in the Union.
B. Slavery was outlawed in all states north of the forty-second parallel.
C. Slavery was banned north of the 36 degree 30’ in the Louisiana Purchase territory.
D. Missouri was required to free its slaves when they reached full adulthood.
E. There were more free states than slave states in the Union.

26. In McCulloch v. Maryland, Cohens v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Ogden, Chief Justice Marshall’s
ruling limited the extent of
A. States’ rights.
B. Judicial review.
C. Federalism.
D. Constitutionalism.
E. Federal authority.

27. John Marshall’s ruling upheld a defense of property rights against public pressure in
A.McCulloch v. Maryland.
B.Marbury v. Madison.
C.Cohens v. Virginia.
D.Fletcher v. Peck.
E.Gibbons v. Ogden.

28. Spain sold Florida to the United States because it

A. Wanted to help America become a rival to Britain.
B. Could not defend the area and would lose it in any case.
C. Received America’s promise to give up claims to Oregon.
D. Was pulling out of the Western Hemisphere.
E. Decided to concentrate its efforts in Mexico.

29. Latin America’s reaction to the Monroe Doctrine can best be described as
A. Enthusiastic.
B. Fearful of the United States.
C. Unconcerned or Unimpressed.
D. Relying on Britain to avoid it.
E. None of the above.

30. In the 1820s and 1830s one issue that greatly raised political stakes was
A. Economic prosperity.
B. The Peggy Eaton affair.
C. A lessening of political party organizations.
D. The demise of the Whig Party.
E. Slavery.

31. By the 1840s eligible voter participation in the presidential election reached
A. Nearly 50 percent.
B. 25 percent.

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C. 40 percent.
D. 15 percent.
E. Nearly 80 percent.

32. As president, John Quincy Adams could be described as

A. An excellent politician.
B. A man who sought popular support.
C. A politician with great tact.
D. Possessing almost none of the arts of the politician.
E. A man of limited intelligence.

33. Andrew Jackson’s inauguration as president symbolized the

A. Return of Jeffersonian simplicity.
B. Newly won ascendancy of the masses.
C. Supremacy of state’s rights over federal power.
D. Involvement of the state government in the economy.
E. Act of style over substance.

34. The section of the United Sates most hurt by the Tariff of 1828 was
A. New England.
B. The West.
C. The Southwest.
D. The South.
E. The Middle States.

35. The strong regional support for the Tariff of 1833 resulted in a clear-cut victory for
A. The South.
B. New England.
C. The Middle Atlantic States.
D. The West.
E. The frontier.

36. In response to South Carolina’s nullification of the Tariff of 1828,

A. Andrew Jackson hanged several of the nullifiers.
B. Dispatched modest naval and military forces while preparing a larger army.
C. Asked Henry Clay for help.
D. Said nothing about nullification.
E. Sought help from the Supreme Court.

37. In an effort to assimilate themselves into white society, the Cherokees did all of the following
except
A. Adopt a system of settled agriculture.
B. Develop a written constitution.
C. Become cotton planters.
D. Refuse to own slaves.
E. Develop a nation of private property.

38. One of the positive aspects of the Bank of the United States was
A. Its officers’ awareness of the bank’s responsibilities to society.
B. Its preservation of the public trust.
C. Its promotion of economic expansion by making credit abundant.

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D. Its issuance of depreciated paper money.
E. That it loaned money to western farmers.

39. The Anti-Masonic Party of 1832 appealed to

A. The supporters of Andrew Jackson.
B. American suspicions of secret societies.
C. Those who wished to keep the government from meddling in social and economic life.
D. People opposed to the growing political power of evangelical Protestants.
E. Supporters of the American System.

40. The “cement” that held the Whig party together in its formative days was
A. Hatred of Andrew Jackson.
B. Support of the American System.
C. Opposition to the Anti-Masonic party.
D. The desire for a strong president.
E. Opposition to the tariff.

PART III. Please fill in the blank AND write a one paragraph description about why the answer is
a significant fact of US History for questions 41-45.

41.___________________was Henry Clay’s ambitious nationalistic proposal for tariffs, internal

improvements, and expanded manufacturing. Why was the plan significant?

42._____________________was a somewhat inappropriate term applied to the Monroe

administrations, suggesting that this period lacked major conflicts. Why was the term significant?

43.______________________was a John Marshall-Supreme Court decision that defended federal

power by denying a state the right to tax a federal bank. Why was the decision significant?

44.____________________was a decision that divided western states into slave or free states. Why
was the law significant?

45.____________________ was a presidential foreign policy declaration that might have been called
the “self defense doctrine.” Why was the policy significant?

PART IV. BONUS (two points for each correct answer)

List the three main contributions of Thomas Jefferson, as listed by President Jefferson on his
tombstone.
__________________, ____________________, ________________.

List three public offices of the United States held by Thomas Jefferson
__________________, ____________________, ________________.

What happened to Thomas Jefferson’s original library?

_________________________________________________________.

Recently, DNA tests have confirmed that Thomas Jefferson had children with ____________.

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