Chapter 1 Transport

1 The diagram below shows the mechanism of blood clotting.

Platlets X

Z Fibrin

a Name X, Y and Z.
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b State the role of X and Y in the clotting of blood clotting.
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c What happens to the precipitated fibrin which forms the clot?
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d i The conversion of protrombin to Y requires a certain ion. Name the ion.
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ii Name the organ that synthesizes protrombin.
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iii Name the vitamin which is a prerequisite for the formation of protrombin.
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e The clotting of blood is an important process. Give one reason as to why this process is important.
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2 Diagram 4.1 shows a part of the circulatory system in human.
To heart

From heart

P Q

blood capillaries

Diagram 4.1

a What happens to the blood pressure as the blood flow from P to Q ?

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b Explain why is important for P to have thick wall.
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c Explain how nearby muscle at Q prevent the back flow of blood.
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d Explain how the structure of capillaries allow substances to pass from them to
the surrounding efficiently.
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Chapter 5 Inheritance

1 Diagram 1.1 shows the relationship between a cell, chromosome, DNA, genes and bases.

Cell

Diagram 1.1
genes

a On the Diagram 1.1, mark and label of the following terms :

i) DNA
ii) Bases
iii) Chromosomes [3]

b State the chromosome number of the cell shown in the Diagram 1.1.
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c What can you deduce about genes based on the Diagram 1.1?
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a unit of A
DNA

T
K
Diagram 1.2

d Diagram 1.2 represents parts of a molecule of DNA

 i Name a unit of DNA.
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ii What is K ?
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iii Complete the Diagram 1.2 to show that DNA molecule consist two strands that joined together by
hydrogen bond. [3]

e Diagram 1.3 shows the karyotype of a normal person and a person with Cri-du-Chat syndrome.

Normal person Diagram 1.3

i Determine the sex of person with above karyotype.

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ii Based on the Diagram 1.3, explain why Cri-du-chat syndrome occur ?

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