Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
2 UNICEF
Nsanje and Chikwawa have seen maize central Tanzania. The high transportation
prices rise faster than in other areas—for costs of moving food from surplus to
instance from MKW 29/kg in May 2009 deficit areas is reflected in high food prices,
to MWK 47/kg in early January 2010 in negatively impacting households.
Nsanje. In the Southern Malawi districts • Vietnam. Domestic rice prices remain high;
of Balaka, Chikwawa and Nsanje, the in fact the retail price in the Hanoi market
estimated number of food insecure surpassed the previous peak reached in May
populations has increased from 147,000 of 2008. This recent increase in the domestic
in June 2009 to 275,000 in early 2010. market is consistent with international rice
These districts experienced a significant price trends and is influenced by strong
maize crop reduction due to a prolonged export demand.
dry spell in 2009. In addition, households’ • Zambia. In spite of increased domestic
income from cotton sales has dropped, maize availability, the national average
reducing the purchasing power of price remains high. With the lean season
affected populations. approaching, maize supplies are diminishing
• Mongolia. Dzud weather conditions and prices have started to climb. Small-scale
(an extremely snowy winter in which farmers have exhausted their own stocks
livestock are unable to find fodder and vulnerable populations in chronically
through the snow cover) are a major food insecure areas may struggle. High
factor behind food problems in the transportations costs and slower pace of
country. The ongoing Dzud has killed 1.7 imports, compared to last year, are likely
million head of livestock, an estimated contributing factors to the high domestic
economic cost of about USD 62 million. price of maize.
An estimated 21,000 families roughly
12% of the total herder households -
Critical messages for
have lost more than 50% of their animals.
policymakers
Although wheat flour prices have come
down steadily since 2008, they remain In light of rising food prices, it is vital and urgent
well above the pre-crisis levels. that policies are in place specifically targeting
• Philippines. National retail prices of the children and women (notably mothers) in order
main staple rice remain high, following to help ensure their nutrition security, including:
international price trends. Since the peak • policies to boost social protection
in June of 2008, prices have dropped interventions such as school feeding and
14% but remain higher than the pre-peak maternal health programs, as well as food
period of late 2007-early 2008. Domestic and cash transfers,
markets have followed the international • stronger social services as part of a broader
export market and experienced policy response to protect the basic
drastically fluctuating prices over the last livelihoods and nutrition of vulnerable
year. groups, as well as to help ensure that social
• Tanzania. The onset of the hungry season and economic recovery is inclusive.
in Tanzania brought climbing maize
prices. In the Dar es Salaam market, More broadly, ensuring food security in the
January 2010 wholesale maize prices hit longer-term requires policies to address unique
record levels. Moderate food insecurity challenges in each country, as reflected by the
exists in parts of north-eastern and brief context-specific review earlier. Past episodes
This Working Brief was compiled by Ronald Mendoza and Megan Torres of Economic and Social Policy Unit of UNICEF’s Division of Policy and
Practice (DPP).
For more information on this issue, or to share comments, please contact rmendoza@unicef.org. or mtorres@unicef.org. Working Briefs are
prepared to facilitate greater exchange of knowledge and stimulate analytical discussion on social policy issues. Their findings, interpretations
and conclusions do not necessarily reflect the policies or view of UNICEF. The designations in this publication do not imply an opinion on legal
status of any country or territory, or of its authorities, or the delimitation of frontiers.
The editors of the series are Gaspar Fajth, Isabel Ortiz and David Stewart of the Policy, Advocacy and Knowledge Management Section. For
more information on the series, or to submit a working brief, please contact gfajth@unicef.org, iortiz@unicef.org or dstewart@unicef.org.
4 UNICEF
Aftershocks from the Global Food Crisis
Annex 1: Charts and Graphs, International Data
800 350
700 300
600
250
500
200
400
US$/ton
US$/ton
150
300
100
200
100 50
0 0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Note: Price for White Broken Rice, Thai A1 Super, f.o.b Bangkok. Note: Price for US No.2, Yellow, U.S. Gulf.
Source: FAO International Commodity Price Database Source: FAO International Commodity Price Database
[http://www.fao.org/es/esc/prices/PricesServlet.jsp?lang=en&ccode=2311]. [http://www.fao.org/es/esc/prices/PricesServlet.jsp?lang=en&ccode=2311].
500 140.00
450
120.00
400
350 100.00
US$ per barrel
300
US$/ton
250 80.00
200
60.00
150
100 40.00
50
20.00
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
0.00
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Note: Price for No.2, Soft Red Winter Wheat , US Gulf (Tuesday). Note: Oil prices refer to Brent US dollars per barrel.
Source: FAO International Commodity Price Database Source: US Department of Energy
[http://www.fao.org/es/esc/prices/PricesServlet.jsp?lang=en&ccode=2311]. [http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/international/prices.html].
5 UNICEF
Aftershocks from the Global Food Crisis
Annex 2: Charts and Graphs, national Data
40 400
35
350
30
300
25
US Dollar/Tonne
250
20
Peso/Kg
15 200
10 150
5
100
0
50
Sep 2007
Sep 2008
Sep 2009
Jan 2007
Jan 2008
Jan 2009
Jan 2010
May 2007
May 2008
May 2009
May-07
May-08
May-09
Jan-07
Jan-08
Jan-09
Jan-10
Sep-07
Sep-08
Sep-09
Note: Price for regular milled rice in the Philippines (national average). Note: Wholesale price for maize in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Source: FAO Global Information and Early Warning System, National Database Source: FAO Global Information and Early Warning System, National Database
[http://www.fao.org/giews/pricetool/]. [http://www.fao.org/giews/pricetool/].
10000 30000
25000
8000
Dong/kg
Kwacha/20kg
20000
6000
15000
4000
10000
2000
5000
0
Jan 2007
Jan 2008
Jan 2009
Jan 2010
Jul 2007
Jul 2008
Jul 2009
0
Oct-07
Oct-08
Oct-09
Feb-07
Feb-08
Feb-09
Feb-10
Jun-07
Jun-08
Jun-09
Note: Retail price for rice in Hanoi, Vietnam. Note: Retail price for maize in Zambia (national average).
Source: FAO Global Information and Early Warning System, National Database Source: FAO Global Information and Early Warning System, National Database
[http://www.fao.org/giews/pricetool/]. [http://www.fao.org/giews/pricetool/].