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Bahasa Inggris
Kalimat Negatif
Pengertian Tenses
Contoh : She
S
They
S
isnt
beautiful
to be + not
adjective
arent
Children
to be + not
noun
am not
in the home
to be + not
adverb
Simple present tense digunakan untuk menyatakan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada
saat sekarang ini.
(Kalimat Pertanyaan/Interrogative
(am/is/are) + S + Noun/Adjective/Adverb?
Contoh : Is
Kalimat Positif
to be
She
adjective
S + (am/is/are) + Noun/Adjective/Adverb
Contoh : She
S
is
beautiful
to be
adjective
They
are
to be
am
to be
(Dia cantik)
everyday
noun
adverb
Are
They
Children?
to be
Am
in the home?
to be
adverb
noun
Catatan :
Subject
To be
am
Rumus :
He
is
She
is
You
are
It
is
We
are
Nama benda,orang
is
They
are
binatang tunggal/singular
Nama benda,orang,
are
binatang jamak/plural
Kalimat Positif
S + V1 + s/es +O
Contoh : She
goes
to school
everyday
VI+es
object
adverb
They go to school
everyday
V1
object
adverb
Kalimat Negatif
Exercise 1:
Fill in the blanks of the following sentences correctly!
1.
2.
3.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
S + do/does + not + V1 + O
Contoh : She doesnt go
S
to school everyday
V1
They dont go
S
V1
object
adverb
to school
everyday
object
adverb
Kalimat Pertanyaan/Interrogative
Do/Does + S + V1 + O?
Contoh : Does She
go
to school
V1
object
Do They go
to school
object
V1
everyday?
adverb
everyday?
adverb
Jika sebuah kata kerja berakhiran huruf selain huruf diatas maka kata kerja tersebut ditambah s
Catatan :
saja.
Subject
do
He
does
You
do
She
does
Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat simple present tense adalah:
We
do
It
does
They
do
Nama benda,orang,
Nama benda,orang,
do
binatang jamak/plural
does
binatang jamak/plural
everyday, this
Untuk membedakan antara kata kerja+s dan kata kerja+es berikut penjelasannya:
-Jika sebuah kata kerja berakhiran huruf O, X, S, CH, SH maka kata kerja tersebut ditambah es
Contoh : Go menjadi goes
Mix menjadi mixes
Miss menjadi misses
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2.
-Jika sebuah kata kerja berakhiran huruf Y didahului huruf konsonan maka huruf Y berubah menjadi i
dan ditambah es
Contoh : Cry menjadi cries
Fly menjadi flies
-
Jika sebuah kata kerja berakhiran huruf Y didahului huruf vokal (a,i,u,e,o) maka kata kerja
tersebut ditambah s saja.
Contoh : Play menjadi plays
berlangsung sekarang.
A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
S + (am/is/are) + adjective/adverb/noun
Contoh : I am in the home now (Saya sedang berada dirumah sekarang)
She is in the home now
Exercise 3 :
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of present continuous tense!
Rumus :
S + (am/is/are) + V ing + O
Contoh :
(+)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3.
atau perbuatan yang sudah terjadi pada waktu lampau tetapi masih ada
hubungannya dengan waktu sekarang.
A. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(?)
S + Have/Has + V3 +O
(+)
Contoh :
(?)
(+)
(?)
Catatan :
Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat present continuous tense
We havent been here already (-) Kami sudah tidak berada disii
Have we been here already
(?) Sudahkah kami berada disini ?
Catatan :
Subject : I, You, We, They, Nama orang/benda/binatang jamak
menggunakan Have
He, She, It, Nama orang/benda/binatang tunggal
menggunakan Has
Kata keterangan untuk kalimat present perfect tense adalah : already(sudah), yet (belum), so far
(hingga sekarang), just (baru saja), lately (akhir-akhir ini).
Rumus :
S + Have/Has been + noun/adjective/adverb
Exercise 4 :
Contoh :
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of present perfect tense!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4.
(?)
(+)
(?)
Catatan :
Kata keterangan untuk kalimat present perfect continuous tense adalah : for (selama), since
(sejak), how long (berapa lama), long (lamanya).
Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang telah
dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Biasanya aksi
tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi
sekarang.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
S + Have/Has been + V ing +O
Contoh :
Exercise 5 :
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of present perfect ontinuous tense!
(+)
5.
Catatan :
Subject
A.
Kalimat Verbal
did
He
did
Rumus :
You
did
She
did
Kalimat Positif
We
did
It
did
They
did
Nama benda,orang,
did
yesterday
Nama benda,orang,
did
binatang jamak/plural
adverb
binatang jamak/plural
S + V2 + O
Contoh : She
S
went
to school
VI
object
V1
object
yesterday
Verb 1
adverb
Verb 2
Verb 3
Kalimat Negatif
Write
Wrote
Written
S + did + not + V1 + O
Speak
Spoke
Spoken
Drink
Drank
Drunk
Eat
Ate
Eaten
Read
Read
Read
to school yesterday
V1
object
They didnt go
to school
yesterday
object
adverb
V1
adverb
(Mereka tidak pergi kesekolah kemarin)
Kalimat Pertanyaan/Interrogative
Did + S + V1 + O?
Verb 1
V1
to school
yesterday?
object
adverb
Did They go
to school
yesterday?
object
V1
adverb
Verb 2
Verb 3
Study
Studied
Studied
Visit
Visited
Visited
Listen
Listened
Listened
Talk
Talked
Talked
Cry
Cried
Cried
B. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
S + (was/were) + Noun/Adjective/Adverb
Contoh :
(+) She was at home yesterday
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
6.
Rumus :
Catatan :
Subject
To be
was
S + was/were + V ing + O
He
was
She
was
You
were
It
was
We
were
Nama benda,orang
was
They
were
binatang tunggal/singular
Nama benda,orang,
to be
adverb
Menyatakan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung ketika kegiatan lain terjadi diwaktu
Rumus :
S1 + was/were + V ing + When/While + S2 + V2
binatang jamak/plural
Contoh : She was watching TV when her friend came last night.
S1 to be
year, this morning, last time, two days ago, ten minutes ago, etc.
lampau.
were
Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat simple past tense adalah : yesterday, last night, last
Ving
Ving
S2
V2
adverb
Menyatakan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sedang terjadi secara bersamaan diwaktu lampau.
Rumus :
S1 + was/were + V ing + When/While + S2 + was/were + V ing
Exercise 6 :
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of simple past tense!
S2
to be
adverb
Exercise 8 :
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of past perfect tense!
Catatan :
Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat past continuous tense adalah : While
(ketika/sementara), When (ketika/sementara), as (ketika/sementara), at 5 oclock yesterday, etc.
Exercise 7 :
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of past continuous tense!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7.
S2
helped him
V2
Susan (turn on) ........ the radio as soon as she (wash) ........ the dishes.
4.
5.
8.
waktu tertentu) yang telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu dimasa
lalu atau menunjukkan perbuatan yang berlangsung terus pada waktu
She told me her name after/as soon as/until/by the end I had asked her twice
V2
3.
Contoh :
S1
Jill (phone) ........ dad at work before she (leave) ....... for her trip.
Rumus :
S + had + V3 +O
2.
lampau.
Rumus :
S1
After Fres (spend) ........ his holiday in Italy, he (want) ........ to learn Italian.
Past perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan/peristiwa (dengan durasi
Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan/peristiwa yang sudah selesai diwaktu
1.
S2
V3
Catatan :
Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat past perfect tense adalah : before , after, as
soon as (secepatnya/segera), until (hingga/sampai), by the end of (menjelang akhir dari), etc.
Catatan : Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat past perfect continuous tense adalah :
When.
9.
S + Will be + Ving + O
Simple future tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan/peristiwa yang terjadi dimasa depan.
A. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
S + Will + V1 + O
Contoh :
Catatan : Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat future continuous tense adalah : at this time
tomorrow pada waktu ini besok), at the same time tomorrow (pada waktu yang sama
besok), etc.
S + am/is/are + going to + V1 + O
Contoh : (+) She is going to eat Pizza tomorrow
(-) She isnt going to eat Pizza tomorrow
(?) Is she going to eat Pizza tomorrow?
B. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
S + Will be + adjective/adverb/noun
Contoh : (+) They will be at canteen later
Exercise 10 :
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of future continuous tense!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
(Menjelang Natal saya akan sudah bekerja dikantor ini selama sepuluh tahun) = mungkin masi
akan terus bekerja.
Future perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan/peristiwa yang akan sudah
selesai di masa depan atau kegiatan yang sudah dimulai diwaktu lampau
Catatan : Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat future perfect continuous tense adalah :
by the end of (menjelang akhir dari), by the time (pada waktu ini), at this rate (dengan cara
Rumus :
S + Will Have + V3 + O
Contoh :
Kadang-kadang Future perfect tense dan Future perfect continuous tense memberikan
makna yang sama.
Contoh : - When Professor Jones retires next month, he will have taught for 45 years.
(Future perfect tense)
-
When Professor Jones retires next month. He will have been teaching for 45
years (Future perfect continuous tense)- ada durasi kegiatan yang akan sedang
(Pada waktu yang sama bulan depan, saya akan sudah berada dikantor itu)
berlangsung
Catatan :
Kata keterangan yang digunakan dalam kalimat future perfect tense adalah : By the end of (menjelang
akhir dari), by next (selambatnya), by now (pada waktu ini), etc.
12. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Future perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
Exercise 12:
Complete the following sentences with the suitable verbs of future perfect tense or future perfect
continuous tense!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
By the time we get to the airport, Bobs plane (arrive, already) ..................
Do you realize that by the time we arrive in Singapore, we (drive) ......... for twenty straight hours?
By the year 2000, Margaret (live) .............. on this earth for 50 years.
By the time you (get) ............. back, we (take) ......... care of everything.
What? He got married again? At this rate, he (have) .........a dozen wives by the time he (die) ........
depan.
Simple past future tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang akan dilakukan,
Rumus :
membuat prediksi, dan membuat janji di masa depan pada saat berada dimasa lalu.
Rumus :
S + Would + V1 + O
Contoh : I would go to Malang the next day (Verbal Sentence)
I would be in Malang the next day (Nominal Sentence)
Past future continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau situasi imajiner yang
Past future perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau situasi
imajiner sedang berlangsung pada titik tertentu atau selama periode tertentu di masa lampau
~conditional sentence type 2 dengan continuous tense) atau kegiatan yang akan sedang terjadi
diwaktu lampau.
Rumus :
Rumus :
S + Would be + Ving +O
Contoh :
If his Visa had been approved, he would have been working abroad for a week.
( Saya akan sedang menghadiri konferensi tersebut jika saya ada di jakarta)
(Jika visa dia telah disetujui, dia akan telah bekerja selama seminggu.)
Fakta :
Choose the correct use of the following tenses for the verbs in the following sentences!
(Simple Preset Tense, Present Progressive Tense, Simple Past Tense, Past
Progressive/Continuous Tense, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Progressive, and Past
Perfect, and Past Perfect Progressive or Continuous)
EXERCISE
50. The doctor George _had examined_ the patient thoroughly before he
George _prescribed_ the medication.