1

Sound propagation
Main article: speed of sound Speed of sound in liquids

Hence the speed of sound in a fluid is given by

where K is the bulk
modulus of the fluid, and the density. To give a typical value, in fresh water
c=1497 m/s at 25 C.
2

Pressure and buoyancy

Main article: fluid statics
In a gravitational field, liquids exert pressure on the sides of a container as well
as on anything within the liquid itself. This pressure is transmitted in all
directions and increases with depth. If a liquid is at rest in a uniform
gravitational field, the pressure, p, at any depth, z, is given by

where:
is the density of the liquid (assumed constant)
is the gravitational acceleration.