Chapter 2, Solution 1.: COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System
Chapter 2, Solution 1.
(a)
(b)
We measure:
R = 37 lb, = 76
R = 37 lb
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, 8/e, Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr.,
Elliot R. Eisenberg, William E. Clausen, David Mazurek, Phillip J. Cornwell
2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
76 !
(a)
(b)
We measure:
R = 57 lb, = 86
R = 57 lb
86 !
(a)
Parallelogram law:
(b)
Triangle rule:
We measure:
R = 10.5 kN
= 22.5
R = 10.5 kN
22.5 !
(a)
Parallelogram law:
We measure:
R = 5.4 kN = 12
(b)
R = 5.4 kN
12 !
R = 5.4 kN
12 !
Triangle rule:
We measure:
R = 5.4 kN = 12
Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

(a)
sin
sin 45
=
150 N 200 N
sin = 0.53033
= 32.028
+ + 45 = 180
= 103.0 !
(b)
Using the Law of Sines

Fbb
200 N
=
sin
sin 45
Fbb = 276 N !

(a)
sin
sin 45
=
120 N 200 N
sin = 0.42426
= 25.104
or
(b)
= 25.1 !
+ 45 + 25.104 = 180
= 109.896
Faa
200 N
=
sin sin 45
Faa
200 N
=
sin109.896 sin 45
or
Faa = 266 N !
Using the triangle rule and the Law of Cosines,

Have: = 180 45
= 135
Then:
R 2 = ( 900 ) + ( 600 ) 2 ( 900 )( 600 ) cos 135
2
or R = 1390.57 N
Using the Law of Sines,

600 1390.57
=
sin
sin135
or = 17.7642
and = 90 17.7642
= 72.236
(a)
= 72.2 !
(b)
R = 1.391 kN !
By trigonometry: Law of Sines

F2
R
30
=
=
sin
sin 38 sin
= 90 28 = 62, = 180 62 38 = 80
Then:
F2
R
30 lb
=
=
sin 62 sin 38 sin 80
or (a) F2 = 26.9 lb !
(b) R = 18.75 lb !

F1
R
20 lb
=
=
sin
sin 38 sin
= 90 10 = 80, = 180 80 38 = 62
Then:
F1
R
20 lb
=
=
or (a) F1 = 22.3 lb !
(b) R = 13.95 lb !
Using the Law of Sines:
60 N
80 N
=
sin sin10
or = 7.4832
= 180 (10 + 7.4832 )

= 162.517
Then:
R
80 N
=
sin162.517 sin10
or R = 138.405 N
(a)
= 7.48 !
(b)
R = 138.4 N !

Have:
= 180 ( 35 + 25 )
= 120
Then:
P
R
80 lb
=
=
sin 35 sin120 sin 25
or (a) P = 108.6 lb !
(b) R = 163.9 lb !

(a) Have:
80 lb
70 lb
=
sin
sin 35
sin = 0.65552
= 40.959
or = 41.0 !
= 180 ( 35 + 40.959 )
(b)
= 104.041
Then:
R
70 lb
=
sin104.041 sin 35
or R = 118.4 lb !
We observe that force P is minimum when = 90.

Then:
(a)
P = ( 80 lb ) sin 35
or P = 45.9 lb
And:
(b)
R = ( 80 lb ) cos 35
or R = 65.5 lb !
For TBC to be a minimum,

R and TBC must be perpendicular.
Thus
TBC = ( 70 N ) sin 4
= 4.8829 N
And
R = ( 70 N ) cos 4
= 69.829 N
(a)
(b)
TBC = 4.88 N
6.00 !
R = 69.8 N !
Using the force triangle and the Laws of Cosines and Sines
We have:
= 180 (15 + 30 )
= 135
Then:
R 2 = (15 lb ) + ( 25 lb ) 2 (15 lb )( 25 lb ) cos135

2
= 1380.33 lb2
or
R = 37.153 lb
and
25 lb 37.153 lb
=
sin
sin135
25 lb
sin =
sin135
37.153 lb
= 0.47581
= 28.412
Then:
+ + 75 = 180
= 76.588
R = 37.2 lb
76.6 !
Using the Law of Cosines and the Law of Sines,

R 2 = ( 45 lb ) + (15 lb ) 2 ( 45 lb )(15 lb ) cos135
2
or R = 56.609 lb
56.609 lb 15 lb
=
sin135
sin
or = 10.7991
R = 56.6 lb
85.8 !
= 180 25 50
= 105
Using the Law of Cosines:
R 2 = ( 5 kN ) + ( 8 kN ) 2 ( 5 kN )( 8 kN ) cos105
2
or R = 10.4740 kN
Using the Law of Sines:

10.4740 kN 8 kN
=
sin105
sin
or = 47.542
and = 47.542 25
= 22.542
R = 10.47 kN
22.5 "
We have:
Then:
= 180 ( 45 + 25 ) = 110
R 2 = ( 30 kN ) + ( 20 kN ) 2 ( 30 kN )( 20 kN ) cos110
2
= 1710.42 kN 2
R = 41.357 kN
and
20 kN
41.357 kN
=
sin
sin110
20 kN
sin =
sin110
41.357 kN
= 0.45443
= 27.028
Hence:
= + 45 = 72.028
R = 41.4 kN
72.0 !
We have:
Then:
= 180 ( 45 + 25 ) = 110
R 2 = ( 30 kN ) + ( 20 kN ) 2 ( 30 kN )( 20 kN ) cos110
2
= 1710.42 kN 2
R = 41.357 kN
and
20 kN
41.357 kN
=
sin
sin110
20 kN
sin =
sin110
41.357 kN
= 0.45443
= 27.028
Hence:
= + 45 = 72.028
R = 41.4 kN
72.0 !
We have:
Then:
= 180 ( 45 + 25 ) = 110
R 2 = ( 30 kN ) + ( 20 kN ) 2 ( 30 kN )( 20 kN ) cos110
2
= 1710.42 kN 2
R = 41.357 kN
and
30 kN
41.357 kN
=
sin
sin110
30 kN
sin =
sin110
41.357 kN
= 0.68164
= 42.972
Finally:
= + 45 = 87.972
R = 41.4 kN
88.0 !
2.4 kN Force:
Fx = ( 2.4 kN ) cos 50
Fx = 1.543 kN
Fy = ( 2.4 kN ) sin 50
Fy = 1.839 kN
1.85 kN Force:
Fx = (1.85 kN ) cos 20
Fx = 1.738 kN
Fy = (1.85 kN ) sin 20
Fy = 0.633 kN
1.40 kN Force:
Fx = (1.40 kN ) cos 35
Fx = 1.147 kN
Fy = (1.40 kN ) sin 35
Fy = 0.803 kN
Fx = ( 5 kips ) cos 40
5 kips:
or Fx = 3.83 kips
Fy = ( 5 kips ) sin 40
or Fy = 3.21 kips
7 kips:
or Fx = 2.39 kips
or Fy = 6.58 kips
9 kips:
or Fx = 8.46 kips
or Fy = 3.08 kips
Determine the following distances:
680 N Force:
dOA =
( 160 mm )2 + ( 300 mm )2
dOB =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 250 mm )2
dOC =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 110 mm )2
Fx = 680 N
= 340 mm
= 650 mm
= 610 mm
( 160 mm )
340 mm
Fx = 320 N !
( 300 mm )
Fy = 680 N
340 mm
Fy = 600 N !
390 N Force:
Fx = 390 N
( 600 mm )
650 mm
Fx = 360 N !
Fy = 390 N
( 250 mm )
650 mm
Fy = 150 N !
610 N Force:
Fx = 610 N
( 600 mm )
610 mm
Fx = 600 N !
Fy = 610 N
( 110 mm )
610 mm
Fy = 110 N !
We compute the following distances:
OA =
( 48)2 + ( 90 )2
= 102 in.
OB =
( 56 )2 + ( 90 )2
= 106 in.
OC =
(80 )2 + ( 60 )2
= 100 in.
Then:
204 lb Force:
Fx = ( 204 lb )
48
,
102
Fy = + ( 204 lb )
90
,
102
Fx = 96.0 lb
Fy = 180.0 lb
212 lb Force:
Fx = + ( 212 lb )
56
,
106
Fx = 112.0 lb
90
,
106
Fy = 180.0 lb
Fx = ( 400 lb )
80
,
100
Fx = 320 lb
Fy = ( 400 lb )
60
,
100
Fy = 240 lb
Fy = + ( 212 lb )
400 lb Force:
(a)
P=
Py
sin 35
960 N
sin 35
or P = 1674 N
(b)
Px =
Py
tan 35
960 N
tan 35
or Px = 1371 N
(a)
P=
Px
cos 40
P=
30 lb
cos 40
or P = 39.2 lb !
(b)
Py = Px tan 40
Py = ( 30 lb ) tan 40
or Py = 25.2 lb !
(a)
Py = 100 N
P=
P=
Py
sin 75
100 N
sin 75
or P = 103.5 N "
(b)
Px =
Px =
Py
tan 75
100 N
tan 75
or Px = 26.8 N "
We note:
CB exerts force P on B along CB, and the horizontal component of P is Px = 260 lb.
Then:
(a)
Px = P sin 50
P=
Px
sin 50
260 lb
sin 50
= 339.40 lb
(b)
P = 339 lb !
Px = Py tan 50
Py =
Px
tan 50
260 lb
tan 50
= 218.16 lb
Py = 218 lb !
(a)
P=
45 N
cos 20
or P = 47.9 N !
(b)
Px = ( 47.9 N ) sin 20
or Px = 16.38 N !
(a)
P=
18 N
sin 20
or P = 52.6 N !
(b)
Py =
18 N
tan 20
or Py = 49.5 N !
From the solution to Problem 2.21:

F2.4 = (1.543 kN ) i + (1.839 kN ) j
F1.85 = (1.738 kN ) i + ( 0.633 kN ) j
F1.40 = (1.147 kN ) i ( 0.803 kN ) j
R = F = ( 4.428 kN ) i + (1.669 kN ) j
R=
( 4.428 kN )2 + (1.669 kN )2
= 4.7321 kN
tan =
1.669 kN
4.428 kN
= 20.652
R = 4.73 kN
20.6 !

F5 = ( 3.83 kips ) i + ( 3.21 kips ) j
F7 = ( 2.39 kips ) i + ( 6.58 kips ) j
F9 = ( 8.46 kips ) i + ( 3.08 kips ) j
R = F = ( 7.02 kips ) i + (12.87 ) j
R=
( 7.02 kips )2 + (12.87 kips )2
= 14.66 kips
12.87
= 61.4
7.02
= tan 1
R = 14.66 kips
61.4 !

FOA = ( 48.0 lb ) i + ( 90.0 lb ) j
FOB = (112.0 lb ) i + (180.0 lb ) j
FOC = ( 320 lb ) i ( 240 lb ) j
R = F = ( 256 lb ) i + ( 30 lb ) j
R=
( 256 lb )2 + ( 30 lb )2
= 257.75 lb
tan =
30 lb
256 lb
= 6.6839
R = 258 lb
6.68 !
From Problem 2.23:

FOA = ( 320 N ) i + ( 600 N ) j
FOB = ( 360 N ) i + (150 N ) j
FOC = ( 600 N ) i (110 N ) j
R = F = ( 640 N ) i + ( 640 N ) j
R=
( 640 N )2 + ( 640 N )2
= 905.097 N
tan =
640 N
640 N
= 45.0
R = 905 N
45.0 !
Cable BC Force:
Fx = (145 lb )
Fy = (145 lb )
84
= 105 lb
116
80
= 100 lb
116
100-lb Force:
Fx = (100 lb )
3
= 60 lb
5
Fy = (100 lb )
4
= 80 lb
5
156-lb Force:
Fx = (156 lb )
12
= 144 lb
13
Fy = (156 lb )
5
= 60 lb
13
and
Rx = Fx = 21 lb,
R=
Ry = Fy = 40 lb
( 21 lb )2 + ( 40 lb )2
= 45.177 lb
Further:
tan =
= tan 1
40
21
40
= 62.3
21
Thus:
R = 45.2 lb
62.3 !
(a)
Since R is to be horizontal, Ry = 0
Then, Ry = Fy = 0
90 lb + ( 70 lb ) sin (130 lb ) cos = 0
(13) cos = ( 7 ) sin + 9

13 1 sin 2 = ( 7 ) sin + 9
Squaring both sides:
169 1 sin 2 = ( 49 ) sin 2 + (126 ) sin + 81
( 218) sin 2 + (126 ) sin 88 = 0

Solving by quadratic formula:
(b)
sin = 0.40899
or
= 24.1 !
or
R = 117.0 lb !
Since R is horizontal, R = Rx
Then, R = Rx = Fx
Fx = ( 70 ) cos 24.142 + (130 ) sin 24.142
300-N Force:
Fx = ( 300 N ) cos 20 = 281.91 N
Fy = ( 300 N ) sin 20 = 102.61 N
400-N Force:
Fx = ( 400 N ) cos85 = 34.862 N
Fy = ( 400 N ) sin 85 = 398.48 N
600-N Force:
Fx = ( 600 N ) cos 5 = 597.72 N
Fy = ( 600 N ) sin 5 = 52.293 N
and
Rx = Fx = 914.49 N
Ry = Fy = 448.80 N
R=
( 914.49 N )2 + ( 448.80 N )2
= 1018.68 N
Further:
tan =
= tan 1
448.80
914.49
448.80
= 26.1
914.49
R = 1019 N
26.1 !
Fx :
Rx = Fx
Rx = ( 600 N ) cos 50 + ( 300 N ) cos85 ( 700 N ) cos 50
Rx = 38.132 N
Fy :
Ry = Fy
Ry = ( 600 N ) sin 50 + ( 300 N ) sin 85 + ( 700 N ) sin 50
Ry = 1294.72 N
R=
( 38.132 N )2 + (1294.72 N )2
R = 1295 N
tan =
1294.72 N
38.132 N
= 88.3
R = 1.295 kN
88.3 !
We have:
Rx = Fx =
84
12
3
TBC + (156 lb ) (100 lb )
116
13
5
Rx = 0.72414TBC + 84 lb
or
and
R y = Fy =
80
5
4
TBC (156 lb ) (100 lb )
116
13
5
Ry = 0.68966TBC 140 lb
(a)
So, for R to be vertical,

Rx = 0.72414TBC + 84 lb = 0
TBC = 116.0 lb !
(b) Using
TBC = 116.0 lb
R = R y = 0.68966 (116.0 lb ) 140 lb = 60 lb
R = R = 60.0 lb !
(a)
Since R is to be vertical, Rx = 0
Then, Rx = Fx = 0
( 600 N ) cos + ( 300 N ) cos ( + 35) ( 700 N ) cos = 0

Expanding: 3 ( cos cos 35 sin sin 35 ) cos = 0
Then:
1
cos 35
3
tan =
sin 35
= 40.265
= 40.3 !
(b)
Since R is vertical, R = Ry
Then:
R = Ry = Fy
R = ( 600 N ) sin 40.265 + ( 300 N ) sin 75.265 + ( 700 N ) sin 40.265

R = 1130 N
R = 1.130 kN !
Selecting the x axis along aa, we write

Rx = Fx = 300 N + ( 400 N ) cos + ( 600 N ) sin
(1)
R y = Fy = ( 400 N ) sin ( 600 N ) cos
(2)
(a) Setting R y = 0 in Equation (2):

Thus
tan =
600
= 1.5
400
= 56.3 !
(b) Substituting for in Equation (1):
Rx = 300 N + ( 400 N ) cos 56.3 + ( 600 N ) sin 56.3
Rx = 1021.11 N
R = Rx = 1021 N !
(a)
Require Ry = Fy = 0:
( 900 lb ) cos 25 + (1200 lb ) sin 35 TAE sin 65 = 0

or TAE = 1659.45 lb
TAE = 1659 lb !
(b)
R = Fx
R = ( 900 lb ) sin 25 (1200 lb ) cos 35 (1659.45 lb ) cos 65
R = 2060 lb !
Free-Body Diagram
Force Triangle
Law of Sines:
FAC
TBC
400 lb
=
=
(a)
FAC =
400 lb
sin 25 = 169.691 lb
sin 95
(b)
TBC =
400
sin 60 = 347.73 lb
sin 95
FAC = 169.7 lb !
TBC = 348 lb !
Free-Body Diagram:
Fx = 0:
4
21
TCA +
TCB = 0
5
29
or
29 4
TCB = TCA
21 5
Fy = 0:
3
20
TCA +
TCB ( 3 kN ) = 0
5
29
Then
3
20 29 4
TCA +
TCA ( 3 kN ) = 0
5
29 21 5
or
TCA = 2.2028 kN
(a) TCA = 2.20 kN !

(b) TCB = 2.43 kN !
Free-Body Diagram:
Fy = 0:
FB sin 50 + FC sin 70 = 0
FC =
Fx = 0:
sin 50
( FB )
sin 70
FB cos 50 FC cos 70 + 940 N = 0
sin 50
FB cos 50 + cos 70
= 940
sin 70
FB = 1019.96 N
FC =
sin 50
(1019.96 N )
sin 70
or
FC = 831 N !
FB = 1020 N !
Free-Body Diagram:
Fx = 0:
TAB cos 25 TAC cos 40 + ( 70 lb ) cos10 = 0
(1)
Fy = 0:
TAB sin 25 TAC sin 40 + ( 70 lb ) sin10 = 0
(2)
Solving Equations (1) and (2) simultaneously:

(a) TAB = 38.6 lb !
(b) TAC = 44.3 lb !
Free-Body Diagram:
(a)
Fx = 0:
TAB cos 30 + R cos 65 = 0

R=
Fy = 0:
cos 30
TAB
cos 65
TAB sin 30 + R sin 65 ( 550 N ) = 0

cos 30
TAB sin 30 +
sin 65 550 = 0
cos
65
(b)
R=
or
TAB = 405 N !
or
R = 830 N !
cos30
( 450 N )
cos 65
Free-Body Diagram At B:
Fx = 0:
12
17
TBA +
TBC = 0
13
293
TBA = 1.07591 TBC
or
5
TBA +
13
Fy = 0:
2
TBC 300 N = 0
293
293
TBC = 300 TBA
13
2
TBC = 2567.6 3.2918 TBA
TBC = 2567.6 3.2918 (1.07591TBC )
TBC = 565.34 N
or
Free-Body Diagram At C:
Fx = 0:
TCD =
17
24
TBC +
TCD = 0
25
293
17
25
( 565.34 N )
293
24
TCD = 584.86 N
Fy = 0:
WC =
2
7
TBC +
TCD WC = 0
25
293
2
7
( 565.34 N ) + ( 584.86 N )
25
293
or
WC = 97.7 N !
Free-Body Diagram:
Fx = 0:
8 kips + 15 kips TD cos 40 = 0
TD = 9.1378 kips
TD = 9.14 kips !
Fy = 0:
( 9.1378 kips ) sin 40 TC
=0
TC = 5.87 kips !
Free-Body Diagram:
Fy = 0:
9 kips + TD sin 40 = 0
TD = 14.0015 kips
TD = 14.00 kips
Fx = 0:
6 kips + TB (14.0015 kips ) cos 40 = 0

TB = 16.73 kips
TB = 16.73 kips
Free-Body Diagram:
Fx = 0:
FC + ( 2.3 kN ) sin15 ( 2.1 kN ) cos15 = 0

or
Fy = 0:
FC = 1.433 kN
FD ( 2.3 kN ) cos15 + ( 2.1 kN ) sin15 = 0

or
FD = 1.678 kN
Free-Body Diagram:
Fx = 0:
FB cos15 + 2.4 kN + (1.9 kN ) sin15 = 0

or
FB = 2.9938 kN
FB = 2.99 kN
Fy = 0:
FD (1.9 kN ) cos15 + ( 2.9938 kN ) sin15 = 0

FD = 1.060 kN
From Similar Triangles we have:

L2 ( 2.5 m ) = ( 8 L ) ( 5.45 m )
2
6.25 = 64 16 L 29.7025
or
cos =
And
or
Then
L = 2.5342 m
5.45 m
8 m 2.5342 m
= 4.3576
cos =
2.5 m
2.5342 m
or = 9.4237
Fx = 0:
TABC cos ( 35 N ) cos + TABC cos = 0
or
TABC =
( 35) cos 9.4237

cos 4.3576 cos 9.4237
TABC = 3255.9 N
Fy = 0:
TABC sin + ( 35 N ) sin + TABC sin W = 0
sin 9.4237 ( 3255.9 N + 35 N ) + ( 3255.9 N ) sin 4.3576 W = 0
or
W = 786.22 N
(a)
W = 786 N "
(b)
TABC = 3.26 kN "

From Similar Triangles we have:
L2 ( 3 m ) = ( 8 L ) ( 4.95 m )
2
9 = 64 16 L 24.5025
L = 3.0311 m
or
cos =
Then
= 4.9989
or
cos =
And
4.95 m
8 m 3.0311 m
3m
3.0311 m
= 8.2147
or
Fx = 0:
(a)
TABC cos TDE cos + TABC cos = 0
or
TDE =
cos cos
TABC
cos
Fy = 0:
TABC sin + TDE sin + TABC sin ( 720 N ) = 0
cos cos
TABC sin + sin
+ sin = 720
cos
TABC =
( 720 ) cos
sin ( + )
Substituting for and gives

TABC =
( 720 ) cos8.2147
sin (8.2147 + 4.9989 )
TABC = 3117.5 N
or
(b)
TDE =
TABC = 3.12 kN "
cos 4.9989 cos8.2147

( 3117.5 N )
cos8.2147
TDE = 20.338 N
or
TDE = 20.3 N "
3
15
15
Fx = 0: TAC + TBC (150 lb ) = 0
5
17
17
or
Fy = 0:
17
TAC + 5 TBC = 750
5
(1)
4
8
8
TAC + TBC (150 lb ) 190 lb = 0
5
17
17
17
TAC + 2 TBC = 1107.5
5
or
(2)
Then adding Equations (1) and (2)

7 TBC = 1857.5
or
TBC = 265.36 lb
Therefore
(a) TAC = 169.6 lb !

(b)
TBC = 265 lb !
3
15
15
Fx = 0: TAC + TBC (150 lb ) = 0
5
17
17
17
or
TAC + 5 TBC = 750
5
4
8
8
Fy = 0: TAC + TBC (150 lb ) W = 0
5
17
17
17
17
or
TAC + 2 TBC = 300 + W
5
4
17
7 TBC = 1050 + W
Adding Equations (1) and (2) gives
4
17
or
TBC = 150 +
W
28
Using Equation (1)

or
Now for
T 240 lb
or
(2)
17
17
TAC + 5 150 +
W = 750
5
28
25
W
28
25
TAC : 240 =
W
28
W = 269 lb
TAC =
TBC : 240 = 150 +
or
(1)
17
W
28
W = 148.2 lb
Therefore
0 W 148.2 lb !

Free-Body Diagram At A:
First note from geometry:

The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AD are in the ratio 12:35:37.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AC are in the ratio 3:4:5.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AB are also in the ratio
12:35:37.
Then:
Fx = 0:
4
35
12
( 3W ) + (W ) + Fs = 0
5
37
37
or
Fs = 4.4833W
and
Fy = 0:
3
12
35
( 3W ) + (W ) + Fs 400 N = 0
5
37
37
Then:
3
12
35
( 3W ) + (W ) + ( 4.4833W ) 400 N = 0
5
37
37
or
W = 62.841 N
and
Fs = 281.74 N
or
W = 62.8 N
(a)
(b) Have spring force
Fs = k ( LAB LO )
Where
FAB = k AB ( LAB LO )
and
LAB =
( 0.360 m )2 + (1.050 m )2
= 1.110 m
So:
281.74 N = 800 N/m (1.110 LO ) m

or
LO = 758 mm
Free-Body Diagram At A:
First Note ...

With LAB =
( 22 in.)2 + (16.5 in.)2

LAB = 27.5 in.
LAD =
( 30 in.)2 + (16 in.)2
LAD = 34 in.
Then FAB = k AB ( LAB LO )

= ( 9 lb/in.)( 27.5 in. 22.5 in.)
= 45 lb
FAD = k AD ( LAD LO )
= ( 3 lb/in.)( 34 in. 22.5 in.)
= 34.5 lb
(a)
Fx = 0:
4
7
15
( 45 lb ) + TAC + ( 34.5 lb ) = 0
5
25
17
or TAC = 19.8529 lb
TAC = 19.85 lb !
(b)
Fy = 0:
3
24
8
( 45 lb ) + (19.8529 lb ) + ( 34.5 lb ) W = 0
5
25
17
W = 62.3 lb !
(a)
For TAB to be a minimum

TAB must be perpendicular to TAC
+ 10 = 60
(b)
or
= 50.0 W
or
TAB = 35.0 lb W
Then TAB = ( 70 lb ) sin 30
Note:
In problems of this type, P may be directed along one of the cables, with T = Tmax in that cable and
T = 0 in the other, or P may be directed in such a way that T is maximum in both cables. The second
possibility is investigated first.
Force Triangle
Force triangle is isoceles with
2 = 180 85
= 47.5
P = 2 ( 900 N ) cos 47.5 = 1216 N
Since P > 0, solution is correct

(a)
P = 1216 N !
(b)
= 77.5 !
= 180 55 47.5 = 77.5
Note: Refer to Note in Problem 2.60

Force Triangle
(a) Law of Cosines

P 2 = (1400 N ) + ( 700 N ) 2 (1400 N )( 700 N ) cos85
2
or
P = 1510 N !
or
= 57.5 !
(b) Law of Sines

sin
sin 85
=
1400 N 1510 N
sin = 0.92362
= 67.461
= 180 55 67.461
Fx = 0:
2Tx 1200 N = 0
Tx = 600 N
(Tx )2 + (Ty )
= T2
( 600 N )2 + (Ty )
= ( 870 N )
Ty = 630 N
By similar triangles:
1.8 m
AC
=
870 N 630 N
AC = 2.4857 m
L = 2( AC )
L = 2 ( 2.4857 m )
L = 4.97 m
L = 4.97 m "
TBC must be perpendicular to FAC to be as small as possible.
Free-Body Diagram: C
Force Triangle is a Right Triangle
= 55
= 55 !
(a) We observe:
(b)
TBC = ( 400 lb ) sin 60
or TBC = 346.41 lb
TBC = 346 lb !
At Collar A ...
Fs = k ( LAB LAB )
Have
For stretched length
LAB =
(12 in.)2 + (16 in.)2
LAB = 20 in.
For unstretched length

LAB = 12 2 in.
Fs = 4 lb/in. 20 12 2 in.
Then
Fs = 12.1177 lb
For the collar ...

Fy = 0
W +
4
(12.1177 lb ) = 0
5
W = 9.69 lb !
At Collar A ...
Fy = 0:
9 lb +
or
h
2
12 + h 2
Fs = 0
hFs = 9 144 + h 2
Fs = k ( LAB LAB )
Now
Where the stretched length
LAB =
(12 in.)2 + h2
LAB = 12 2 in.
Then
hFs = 9 144 + h 2
Becomes
h 3 lb/in.
or
( h 3)
( 144 + h
12 2 = 9 144 + h 2
144 + h 2 = 12 2 h
Solving Numerically ...
h = 16.81 in.
Free-Body Diagram: B
TBD + FAB + TBC = 0
(a) Have:
where magnitude and direction of TBD are known, and the direction
of FAB is known.
Then, in a force triangle:
= 90.0
By observation, TBC is minimum when

(b) Have
TBC = ( 310 N ) sin (180 70 30 )

= 305.29 N
TBC = 305 N
Since TAB = TBC = 140 lb, Force triangle is isosceles:
With
2 + 75 = 180
= 52.5
Then
= 90 52.5 30
= 7.50
P
= (140 lb ) cos 52.5
2
P = 170.453 lb
P = 170.5 lb
7.50
Free-Body Diagram of Pulley

(a)
Fy = 0: 2T ( 280 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0
T =
1
( 2746.8 N )
2
T = 1373 N
(b)
Fy = 0: 2T ( 280 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0

T =
1
( 2746.8 N )
2
T = 1373 N
(c)
Fy = 0: 3T ( 280 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0

T =
1
( 2746.8 N )
3
T = 916 N
Fy = 0: 3T ( 280 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0
(d)
T =
1
( 2746.8 N )
3
T = 916 N
Fy = 0: 4T ( 280 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0

(e)
T =
1
( 2746.8 N )
4
T = 687 N
Free-Body Diagram of Pulley and

Crate
(b)
Fy = 0: 3T ( 280 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0
T =
1
( 2746.8 N )
3
T = 916 N
(d)
Fy = 0: 4T ( 280 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0

T =
1
( 2746.8 N )
4
T = 687 N
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley C
(a)
Fx = 0: TACB ( cos 30 cos 50 ) ( 800 N ) cos 50 = 0

Hence
TACB = 2303.5 N
TACB = 2.30 kN
(b)
Fy = 0: TACB ( sin 30 + sin 50 ) + ( 800 N ) sin 50 Q = 0
( 2303.5 N )( sin 30 + sin 50 ) + (800 N ) sin 50 Q = 0

or
Q = 3529.2 N
Q = 3.53 kN
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley C
Fx = 0: TACB ( cos 30 cos 50 ) P cos 50 = 0

P = 0.34730TACB
or
(1)
Fy = 0: TACB ( sin 30 + sin 50 ) + P sin 50 2000 N = 0

1.26604TACB + 0.76604 P = 2000 N
or
(2)
(a) Substitute Equation (1) into Equation (2):
1.26604TACB + 0.76604 ( 0.34730TACB ) = 2000 N

Hence:
TACB = 1305.41 N
TACB = 1305 N
(b) Using (1)
P = 0.34730 (1305.41 N ) = 453.37 N

P = 453 N
First replace 30 lb forces by their resultant Q:

Q = 2 ( 30 lb ) cos 25
Q = 54.378 lb
Equivalent loading at A:
Law of Cosines:
(120 lb )2 = (100 lb )2 + ( 54.378 lb )2 2 (100 lb )( 54.378 lb ) cos (125 ) cos (125 ) = 0.132685
This gives two values:
125 = 97.625
= 27.4
125 = 97.625
= 223
Thus for R < 120 lb:
27.4 < < 223 !
(a)
Fx = ( 950 lb ) sin 50 cos 40
= 557.48 lb
Fx = 557 lb !
Fy = ( 950 lb ) cos 50
= 610.65 lb
Fy = 611 lb !
Fz = ( 950 lb ) sin 50 sin 40
= 467.78 lb
Fz = 468 lb !
(b)
cos x =
557.48 lb
950 lb
or x = 54.1 !
cos y =
610.65 lb
950 lb
or y = 130.0 !
cos z =
467.78 lb
950 lb
or z = 60.5 !
(a)
Fx = ( 810 lb ) cos 45 sin 25

= 242.06 lb
Fx = 242 lb !
Fy = ( 810 lb ) sin 45
= 572.76 lb
Fy = 573 lb !
Fz = (810 lb ) cos 45 cos 25
= 519.09 lb
Fz = 519 lb !
(b)
cos x =
242.06 lb
810 lb
or x = 107.4 !
cos y =
572.76 lb
810 lb
or y = 135.0 !
cos z =
519.09 lb
810 lb
or z = 50.1 !
(a)
Fx = ( 900 N ) cos 30 cos 25

= 706.40 N
Fx = 706 N !
Fy = ( 900 N ) sin 30
= 450.00 N
Fy = 450 N !
Fz = ( 900 N ) cos 30 sin 25
= 329.04 N
Fz = 329 N !
(b)
cos x =
706.40 N
900 N
or x = 38.3 !
cos y =
450.00 N
900 N
or y = 60.0 !
cos z =
329.40 N
900 N
or z = 111.5 !
(a)
Fx = (1900 N ) sin 20 sin 70

= 610.65 N
Fx = 611 N !
Fy = (1900 N ) cos 20
= 1785.42 N
Fy = 1785 N !
Fz = (1900 N ) sin 20 cos 70
= 222.26 N
Fz = 222 N !
(b)
cos x =
610.65 N
1900 N
or x = 108.7 !
cos y =
1785.42 N
1900 N
or y = 20.0 !
cos z =
222.26 N
1900 N
or z = 83.3 !
(a)
Fx = (180 lb ) cos 35 sin 20

= 50.430 lb
Fx = 50.4 lb !
Fy = (180 lb ) sin 35
= 103.244 lb
Fy = 103.2 lb !
Fz = (180 lb ) cos 35 cos 20
= 138.555 lb
Fz = 138.6 lb !
(b)
cos x =
50.430 lb
180 lb
or x = 73.7 !
cos y =
103.244 lb
180 lb
or y = 125.0 !
cos z =
138.555 lb
180 lb
or z = 39.7 !
(a)
Fx = (180 lb ) cos 30 cos 25

= 141.279 lb
Fx = 141.3 lb !
Fy = (180 lb ) sin 30
= 90.000 lb
Fy = 90.0 lb !
Fz = (180 lb ) cos 30 sin 25
= 65.880 lb
Fz = 65.9 lb !
(b)
cos x =
141.279 lb
180 lb
or x = 38.3 !
cos y =
90.000 lb
180 lb
or y = 120.0 !
cos z =
65.880 lb
180 lb
or z = 68.5 !
(a)
Fx = ( 220 N ) cos 60 cos 35

= 90.107 N
Fx = 90.1 N W
Fy = ( 220 N ) sin 60
= 190.526 N
Fy = 190.5 N W
Fz = ( 220 N ) cos 60 sin 35
= 63.093 N
Fz = 63.1 N W
(b)
cos x =
90.107
220 N
x = 114.2 W
cos y =
190.526 N
220 N
y = 30.0 W
cos z =
63.093 N
220 N
z = 106.7 W
(a)
Fx = 180 N
With Fx = F cos 60 cos 35

180 N = F cos 60 cos 35
or F = 439.38 N
F = 439 N !
(b)
cos x =
180 N
439.48 N
x = 65.8 !
Fy = ( 439.48 N ) sin 60
Fy = 380.60 N
cos y =
380.60 N
439.48 N
y = 30.0 !
Fz = ( 439.48 N ) cos 60 sin 35
Fz = 126.038 N
cos z =
126.038 N
439.48 N
z = 106.7 !
F=
Fx2 + Fy2 + Fz2
F =
( 65 N )2 + ( 80 N )2 + ( 200 N )2
F = 225 N !
cos x =
Fx
65 N
=
F
225 N
x = 73.2 !
cos y =
Fy
F
80 N
225 N
y = 110.8 !
cos z =
Fz
200 N
=
F
225 N
z = 152.7 !
F=
Fx2 + Fy2 + Fz2
F =
( 450 N )2 + ( 600 N )2 + ( 1800 N )2

F = 1950 N !
cos x =
Fx
450 N
=
F 1950 N
x = 76.7 !
cos y =
Fy
F
600 N
1950 N
y = 72.1 !
cos z =
Fz
1800 N
=
1950 N
F
z = 157.4 !
(a)
We have ( cos x ) + cos y

2
( cos y )
= 1 ( cos x ) ( cos z )
Since Fy < 0 we must have

Thus
2
) + ( cos z )2 = 1
2
cos y < 0
cos y = 1 ( cos 43.2 ) cos ( 83.8 )

2
cos y = 0.67597
y = 132.5 !
(b) Then:
F =
F=
Fy
cos y
50 lb
0.67597
F = 73.968 lb
And
Fx = F cos x
Fx = ( 73.968 lb ) cos 43.2
Fx = 53.9 lb !
Fz = F cos z
Fz = ( 73.968 lb ) cos83.8
Fz = 7.99 lb !
F = 74.0 lb !
(a)
We have ( cos x ) + cos y

2
2
) + ( cos z )2 = 1
or ( cos z ) = 1 ( cos x ) cos y

2
Since Fz < 0 we must have

Thus
cos z < 0
cos z = 1 ( cos113.2 ) cos ( 78.4 )

2
cos z = 0.89687
z = 153.7 !
(b) Then:
F =
Fz
35 lb
=
cos z
0.89687
F = 39.025 lb
And
Fx = F cos x
Fx = ( 39.025 lb ) cos113.2
Fx = 15.37 lb !
Fy = F cos y
Fy = ( 39.025 lb ) cos 78.4
Fy = 7.85 lb !
F = 39.0 lb !
(a)
We have
Fy = F cos y
Fy = ( 250 N ) cos 72.4
Fy = 75.592 N
Fy = 75.6 N !
Then
F 2 = Fx2 + Fy2 + Fz2
( 250 N )2 = (80 N )2 + ( 75.592 N )2 + Fz2

Fz = 224.47 N
Fz = 224 N !
(b)
cos x =
Fx
F
cos x =
80 N
250 N
x = 71.3 !
cos z =
Fz
F
cos z =
224.47 N
250 N
z = 26.1 !
(a)
Have
Fx = F cos x
Fx = ( 320 N ) cos104.5
Fx = 80.122 N
Fx = 80.1 N !
Then:
F 2 = Fx2 + Fy2 + Fz2
( 320 N )2 = ( 80.122 N )2 + Fy2 + ( 120 N )2

Fy = 285.62 N
Fy = 286 N !
(b)
cos y =
Fy
cos y =
285.62 N
320 N
y = 26.8 !
cos z =
Fz
F
cos z =
120 N
320 N
z = 112.0 !
!!!"
DB = ( 36 in.) i ( 42 in.) j ( 36 in.) k
DB =
( 36 in.)2 + ( 42 in.)2 + ( 36 in.)2
TDB = TDBDB = TDB

TDB =
= 66 in.
!!!"
DB
DB
55 lb
( 36 in.) i ( 42 in.) j ( 36 in.) k
66 in.
= ( 30 lb ) i ( 35 lb ) j ( 30 lb ) k
(TDB ) x = 30.0 lb !
(TDB ) y
= 35.0 lb !
(TDB ) z = 30.0 lb !
!!!"
EB = ( 36 in.) i ( 45 in.) j + ( 48 in.) k
EB =
( 36 in.)2 + ( 45 in.)2 + ( 48 in.)2
TEB = TEBEB = TEB

TEB =
= 75 in.
!!!"
EB
EB
60 lb
( 36 in.) i ( 45 in.) j + ( 48 in.) k
75 in.
= ( 28.8 lb ) i ( 36 lb ) j + ( 38.4 lb ) k
(TEB ) x = 28.8 lb !
(TEB ) y
(TEB ) z
= 36.0 lb !
= 38.4 lb !
!!!"
BA = ( 4 m ) i + ( 20 m ) j ( 5 m ) k
BA =
F = F BA
( 4 m )2 + ( 20 m )2 + ( 5 m )2
= 21 m
!!!"
BA 2100 N
( 4 m ) i + ( 20 m ) j ( 5 m ) k
= F
=
21 m
BA
F = ( 400 N ) i + ( 2000 N ) j ( 500 N ) k
Fx = + 400 N, Fy = + 2000 N, Fz = 500 N !
!!!"
DA = ( 4 m ) i + ( 20 m ) j + (14.8 m ) k
DA =
F = F DA
( 4 m )2 + ( 20 m )2 + (14.8 m )2
= 25.2 m
!!!"
DA 1260 N
( 4 m ) i + ( 20 m ) j + (14.8 m ) k
= F
=
25.2 m
DA
F = ( 200 N ) i + (1000 N ) j + ( 740 N ) k
Fx = + 200 N, Fy = + 1000 N, Fz = + 740 N !
uuuv
BG = (1 m ) i + (1.85 m ) j ( 0.8 m ) k
BG =
( 1 m )2 + (1.85 m )2 + ( 0.8 m )2
BG = 2.25 m
TBG = TBG BG = TBG
TBG =
uuuv
BG
BG
450 N
(1 m ) i + (1.85 m ) j ( 0.8 m ) k
2.25 m
= ( 200 N ) i + ( 370 N ) j (160 N ) k

(TBG ) x = 200 N
(TBG ) y = 370 N
(TBG ) z = 160.0 N
uuuuv
BH = ( 0.75 m ) i + (1.5 m ) j (1.5 m ) k
BH =
( 0.75 m )2 + (1.5 m )2 + ( 1.5 m )2
= 2.25 m
TBH = TBH BH = TBH
TBH =
uuuuv
BH
BH
600 N
( 0.75 m ) i + (1.5 m ) j (1.5 m ) k
2.25 m
= ( 200 N ) i + ( 400 N ) j ( 400 N ) k

(TBH ) x = 200 N
(TBH ) y = 400 N
(TBH ) z
= 400 N
P = ( 4 kips ) [ cos 30 sin 20i sin 30j + cos 30 cos 20k ]

= (1.18479 kips ) i ( 2 kips ) j + ( 3.2552 kips ) k
Q = (8 kips ) [ cos 45 sin15i + sin 45j cos 45 cos15k ]
= (1.46410 kips ) i + ( 5.6569 kips ) j ( 5.4641 kips ) k
R = P + Q = ( 0.27931 kip ) i + ( 3.6569 kips ) j ( 2.2089 kips ) k
R=
( 0.27931 kip)2 + (3.6569 kips )2 + ( 2.2089 kips)2
R = 4.2814 kips
cos x =
cos y =
cos z =
R = 4.28 kips
or
Rx 0.27931 kip
=
= 0.065238
R
4.2814 kips
Ry
R
3.6569 kips
= 0.85414
4.2814 kips
Rz 2.2089 kips
=
= 0.51593
R
4.2814 kips
or
x = 93.7
y = 31.3
z = 121.1
P = ( 6 kips ) [ cos 30 sin 20i sin 30j + cos 30 cos 20k ]

= (1.77719 kips ) i ( 3 kips ) j + ( 4.8828 kips ) k
Q = ( 7 kips ) [ cos 45 sin15i + sin 45j cos 45 cos15k ]
= (1.28109 kips ) i + ( 4.94975 kips ) j ( 4.7811 kips ) k
R = P + Q = ( 0.49610 kip ) i + (1.94975 kips ) j + ( 0.101700 kip ) k
R=
( 0.49610 kip)2 + (1.94975 kips)2 + ( 0.101700 kip)2
R = 2.0144 kips
cos x =
cos y =
cos z =
or
R = 2.01 kips
or
x = 75.7
Rx 0.49610 kip
=
= 0.24628
R
2.0144 kips
Ry
R
1.94975 kips
= 0.967906
2.0144 kips
Rz 0.101700 kip
=
= 0.050486
R
2.0144 kips
y = 14.56
z = 87.1
uuur
AB = ( 600 mm ) i + ( 360 mm ) j + ( 270 mm ) k
AB =
( 600 mm )2 + (360 mm )2 + ( 270 mm )2
AB = 750 mm
uuuv
AC = ( 600 mm ) i + ( 320 mm ) j ( 510 mm ) k
AC =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 320 mm )2 + ( 510 mm )2
AC = 850 mm
uuur
AB
510 N
( 600 mm ) i + ( 360 mm ) j + ( 270 mm ) k
TAB = TAB
=
AB 750 mm
TAB = ( 408 N ) i + ( 244.8 N ) j + (183.6 N ) k
uuur
AC
765 N
( 600 mm ) i + ( 320 mm ) j ( 510 mm ) k
TAC = TAC
=
AC 850 mm
TAC = ( 540 N ) i + ( 288 N ) j ( 459 N ) k
R = TAB + TAC = ( 948 N ) i + ( 532.8 N ) j ( 275.4 N ) k
Then
and
R = 1121.80 N
948 N
cos x =
1121.80 N
532.8 N
cos y =
1121.80 N
275.4 N
cos z =
1121.80 N
R = 1122 N
x = 147.7
y = 61.6
z = 104.2
!!!"
AB = ( 600 mm ) i + ( 360 mm ) j + ( 270 mm ) k
AB =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 360 mm)2 + ( 270 mm) 2
= 750 mm
AB = 750 mm
!!!"
AC = ( 600 mm ) i + ( 320 mm ) j ( 510 mm ) k
AC =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 320 mm) 2 + ( 510 mm) 2
= 850 mm
AC = 850 mm
!!!"
AB
765 N
( 600 mm ) i + ( 360 mm ) j + ( 270 mm ) k
TAB = TAB
=
AB 750 mm
TAB = ( 612 N ) i + ( 367.2 N ) j + ( 275.4 N ) k
!!!"
AC
510 N
( 600 mm ) i + ( 320 mm ) j ( 510 mm ) k
TAC = TAC
=
AC 850 mm
TAC = ( 360 N ) i + (192 N ) j ( 306 N ) k
R = TAB + TAC = ( 972 N ) i + ( 559.2 N ) j ( 30.6 N ) k
Then
R = 1121.80 N R = 1122 N !
972 N
x = 150.1 !
1121.80 N
559.2 N
cos y =
y = 60.1 !
1121.80 N
30.6 N
cos z =
z = 91.6 !
1121.80 N
cos x =
Have
TAB = ( 760 lb )( sin 50 cos 40i cos 50j + sin 50 sin 40k )
TAC = TAC ( cos 45 sin 25i sin 45 j + cos 45 cos 25k )
(a)
( RA ) x = 0
R A = TAB + TAC
( RA ) x = Fx = 0:
( 760 lb) sin 50 cos 40 TAC cos 45 sin 25 = 0

TAC = 1492.41 lb
or
TAC = 1492 lb
(b)
Then
( RA ) y = Fy = ( 760 lb) cos 50 (1492.41 lb) sin 45

( RA ) y = 1543.81 lb
( RA ) z = Fz = ( 760 lb) sin 50 sin 40 + (1492.41 lb) cos 45 cos 25
( RA ) z = 1330.65 lb
R A = (1543.81 lb ) j + (1330.65 lb ) k
RA = 2038.1 lb
RA = 2040 lb
cos x =
0
2038.1 lb
x = 90.0
cos y =
1543.81 lb
2038.1 lb
y = 139.2
cos z =
1330.65 lb
2038.1 lb
z = 49.2
Have
TAB = TAB ( sin 50 cos 40i cos 50j + sin 50 sin 40k )
TAC = ( 980 lb )( cos 45 sin 25i sin 45j + cos 45 cos 25k )
(a)
( RA ) x = 0
R A = TAB + TAC
( RA ) x = Fx = 0:
TAB sin 50 cos 40 ( 980 lb ) cos 45 sin 25 = 0

TAB = 499.06 lb
or
TAB = 499 lb
(b)
Then
and
( RA ) y = Fy = ( 499.06 lb) cos 50 (980 lb) sin 45

( RA ) y = 1013.75 lb
( RA ) z = Fz = ( 499.06 lb) sin 50 sin 40 + (980 lb) cos 45 cos 25
( RA ) z = 873.78 lb
R A = (1013.75 lb ) j + (873.78 lb ) k
RA = 1338.35 lb
RA = 1338 lb
0
1338.35 lb
x = 90.0
cos x =
cos y =
cos z =
1013.75 lb
1338.35 lb
873.78 lb
1338.35 lb
y = 139.2
z = 49.2
!!!"
AB = ( 600 mm ) i + ( 360 mm ) j + ( 270 mm ) k
Cable AB:
AB =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 360 mm)2 + ( 270 mm) 2
TAB = TAB
!!!"
AB
600 N
( 600 mm ) i + ( 360 mm ) j + ( 270 mm ) k
=
AB 750 mm
TAB = ( 480 N ) i + ( 288 N ) j + ( 216 N ) k

!!!"
AC = ( 600 mm ) i + ( 320 mm ) j ( 510 mm ) k
Cable AC:
AC =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 320 mm) 2 + ( 510 mm) 2
TAC = TAC
TAC =
Load P:
= 750 mm
= 850 mm
!!!"
AC
TAC
( 600 mm ) i + ( 320 mm ) j ( 510 mm ) k
=
AC 850 mm
60
32
51
TAC i +
TAC j
TAC k
85
85
85
P = Pj
(a)
( RA ) z
= Fz = 0:
( 216 N )
51
TAC = 0
85
or
TAC = 360 N !
(b)
( RA ) y = Fy = 0:
( 288 N ) +
32
TAC P = 0
85
or
P = 424 N !
uuur
AB = ( 4 m ) i ( 20 m ) j + ( 5 m ) k
Cable AB:
AB =
( 4 m)2 + ( 20 m)2 + (5 m )2
TAB = TAB
= 21 m
uuur
AB
T
= AB ( 4 m ) i ( 20 m ) j + ( 5 m ) k
AB 21 m
uuur
AC = (12 m ) i ( 20 m ) j + ( 3.6 m ) k
Cable AC:
AC =
(12 m )2 + ( 20 m )2 + ( 3.6 m )2
TAC = TAC
= 23.6 m
uuur
AC 1770 N
(12 m ) i ( 20 m ) j + ( 3.6 m ) k
=
AC 23.6 m
= ( 900 N ) i (1500 N ) j + ( 270 N ) k

uuur
AD = ( 4 m ) i ( 20 m ) j + (14.8 m ) k
Cable AD:
AD =
( 4 m )2 + ( 20 m )2 + (14.8 m )2
TAD = TAD
=
= 25.2 m
uuur
AD
TAD
( 4 m ) i ( 20 m ) j + (14.8 m ) k
=
AD 25.2 m
TAD
(10 m ) i ( 50 m ) j ( 37 m ) k
63 m
Now...
R = TAB + TAC + TAD and R = Rj; Rx = Rz = 0
4
10
TAB + 900
TAD = 0
21
63
5
37
Fy = 0:
TAB + 270
TAD = 0
21
63
Solving equations (1) and (2) simultaneously yields:
Fx = 0:
(1)
(2)
TAD = 1.775 kN !
TAB = 3.25 kN !

d AB =
( 450 mm) 2 + ( 600 mm )2
= 750 mm
d AC =
( 600 mm )2 + ( 320 mm)2
= 680 mm
d AD =
( 500 mm)2 + ( 600 mm )2 + ( 360 mm )2
TAB =
= 860 mm
TAB
( 450 mm ) i + ( 600 mm ) j
750 mm
TAB = ( 0.6 i + 0.8 j) TAB

TAC =
TAC
( 600 mm ) j ( 320 mm ) k
680 mm
8
15
TAC = j k TAC
17
17
TAD =
TAD
( 500 mm ) i + ( 600 mm ) j + ( 360 mm ) k
860 mm
30
18
25
TAD = i +
j+
k TAD
43
43
43
W = W j
At point A:
F = 0:
i component:
0.6 TAB
k component:
TAB + TAC + TAD + W = 0

25
+
TAD = 0
43
5 25
TAB = TAD
or
3 43
18
18
TAC +
TAD = 0
17
43
or
j component:
(1)
17 18
TAC = TAD
8 43
15
30
TAC +
TAD W = 0
17
43
15 17 18
30
TAD W = 0
0.8 TAB +
TAD +
17 8 43
43
255
TAD W = 0
0.8 TAB +
172
(2)
0.8 TAB +
(3)
From Equation (1):

5 25
6 kN = TAD
3 43
or
TAD = 6.1920 kN
From Equation (3):

0.8 ( 6 kN ) +
255
( 6.1920 kN ) W = 0
172
W = 13.98 kN !
See Problem 2.101 for the figure and the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3)
below.
5 25
TAB = TAD
3 43
(1)
17 18
TAC = TAD
8 43
(2)
0.8 TAB +
255
TAD W = 0
172
From Equation (1)

5 25
TAB = ( 4.3 kN )
3 43
or
TAB = 4.1667 kN
From Equation (3)

0.8 ( 4.1667 kN ) +
255
( 4.3 kN ) W = 0
172
W = 9.71 kN !
(3)
uuur
AB = ( 4.20 m ) i ( 5.60 m ) j
AB = ( 4.20 m ) + ( 5.60 m ) = 7.00 m

uuur
AC = ( 2.40 m ) i ( 5.60 m ) j + ( 4.20 m ) k
2
AC = ( 2.40 m ) + ( 5.60 m ) + ( 4.20 m ) = 7.40 m

uuur
AD = ( 5.60 m ) j ( 3.30 m ) k
2
AD = ( 5.60 m ) + ( 3.30 m ) = 6.50 m

uuur
AB
TAB
= TAB
=
( 4.20i 5.60j)
AB 7.00 m
2
TAB = TAB AB
4
3
TAB = i j TAB
5
5
uuur
AC
TAC
TAC = TAC AC = TAC
=
( 2.40i 5.60j + 4.20k )
AC 7.40 m
28
21
12
TAC = i
j+
k TAC
37
37
37
uuur
AD
TAD
TAD = TAD AD = TAD
=
( 5.60 j 3.30k )
AD 6.50 m
33
56
TAD = j
k TAD
65
65
P = Pj
For equilibrium at point A:
F = 0
TAB + TAC + TAD + P = 0
i component:
3
12
TAB +
TAC = 0
5
37
or
TAB =
20
TAC
37
(1)
4
28
56
TAB
TAC
TAD + P = 0
5
37
65
j component:
4
28
56 65 7
TAB
TAC
TAC + P = 0
5
37
65 11 37
4
700
TAB
TAC + P = 0
5
407
(2)
21
33
TAC
TAD = 0
37
65
k component:
or
65 7
TAD = TAC
11 37
(3)
From Equation (1):

20
259 N = TAC
37
or
From Equation (2):
TAC = 479.15 N
4
700
( 259 N )
( 479.15 N ) + P = 0
5
407
P = 1031 N !
See Problem 2.103 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3)
TAB =
20
TAC
37
(1)
4
700
TAB
TAC + P = 0 (2)
5
407
65 7
TAD = TAC
11 37
(3)
Substituting for TAC = 444 N into Equation (1)

TAB =
Gives
20
( 444 N )
37
TAB = 240 N
or
And from Equation (3)
4
700
( 240 N )
( 444 N ) + P = 0
5
407
P = 956 N
d BA =
( 11 in.)2 + ( 9.6 in.)2
= 14.6 in.
dCA =
( 9.6 in.)2 + ( 7.2 in.)2
= 12.0 in.
d DA =
( 9.6 in.)2 + ( 9.6 in.)2 + ( 4.8 in.)2
FBA = FBABA =
= 14.4 in.
FBA
( 11 in.) i + ( 9.6 in.) j
14.6 in.
11
9.6
= FBA
i +
j
14.6
14.6

FCA = FCACA =
FCA
( 9.6 in.) j ( 7.2 in.) k
12.0 in.
4
3
= FCA j k
5
5
FDA = FDADA =
FDA
( 9.6 in.) i + ( 9.6 in.) j + ( 4.8 in.) k
14.4 in.
2
2
1
= FDA i + j + k
3
3
3
P = Pj
At point A:
F = 0: FBA + FCA + FDA + P = 0
component:
component:
component:
11
2
FBA + FDA = 0
14.6
3
9.6
4
2
14.6 FBA + 5 FCA + 3 FDA P = 0

3
1
FCA + FDA = 0
5
3
(1)
(2)
(3)
continued
14.6 2
FBA =
FDA
11 3
14.6 2
29.2 lb =
FDA
11 3
From Equation (1)
FDA = 33 lb
or
Solving Eqn. (3) for FCA gives:
5
FCA = FDA
9
5
FCA = ( 33 lb )
9
Substituting into Eqn. (2) for FBA , FDA, and FCA in terms of FDA gives:
9.6
4 5
2
14.6 ( 29.2 lb ) + 5 9 ( 33 lb ) + 3 ( 33 lb ) P = 0
P = 55.9 lb "
See Problem 2.105 for the figure and the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and
(3) below.
11
2
FBA + FDA = 0
14.6
3
(1)
9.6
4
2
FBA + FCA + FDA P = 0

14.6
5
3
(2)
3
1
FCA + FDA = 0 (3)
5
3
From Equation (1):
14.6 2
FBA =
FDA
11 3
From Equation (3):
5
FCA = FDA
9
Substituting into Equation (2) for FBA and FCA gives:
9.6 14.6 2
4 5
2
FDA + FDA + FDA P = 0

14.6 11 3
5 9
3
838
or
FDA = P
495
Since P = 45 lb
838
FDA = 45 lb
495
or FDA = 26.581 lb
14.6 2
and FBA =
( 26.581 lb )
11 3
or FBA = 23.5 lb
5
and FCA = ( 26.581 lb )
9
or FCA = 14.77 lb
and FDA = 26.6 lb
The force in each cable can be written as the product of the magnitude of
the force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
uuur
AC = (18 m ) i ( 30 m ) j + ( 5.4 m ) k
AC =
(18 m )2 + ( 30 m )2 + ( 5.4 m )2
TAC = T AC = TAC
= 35.4 m
uuur
AC
TAC
(18 m ) i ( 30 m ) j + ( 5.4 m ) k
=
35.4 m
AC
TAC = TAC ( 0.50847i 0.84746 j + 0.152542k )
and
uuur
AB = ( 6 m ) i ( 30 m ) j + ( 7.5 m ) k
AB =
( 6 m )2 + ( 30 m )2 + ( 7.5 m )2
TAB = T AB = TAB
= 31.5 m
uuur
AB
TAB
( 6 m ) i ( 30 m ) j + ( 7.5 m ) k
=
AB 31.5 m
TAB = TAB ( 0.190476i 0.95238j + 0.23810k )

uuur
AD = ( 6 m ) i ( 30 m ) j ( 22.2 m ) k
Finally
AD =
( 6 m )2 + ( 30 m )2 + ( 22.2 m )2
TAD = T AD = TAD
= 37.8 m
uuur
AD
TAD
( 6 m ) i ( 30 m ) j ( 22.2 m ) k
=
AD 37.8 m
TAD = TAD ( 0.158730i 0.79365j 0.58730k )

continued
With P = Pj, at A:
F = 0: TAB + TAC + TAD + Pj = 0
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic

equations:
i : 0.190476TAB + 0.50847TAC 0.158730TAD = 0
(1)
j: 0.95238TAB 0.84746TAC 0.79365TAD + P = 0
(2)
k : 0.23810TAB + 0.152542TAC 0.58730TAD = 0
(3)
In Equations (1), (2) and (3), set TAB = 3.6 kN, and, using conventional
methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations (MATLAB or Maple,
for example), we obtain:
TAC = 1.963 kN
TAD = 1.969 kN
P = 6.66 kN "
Based on the results of Problem 2.107, particularly Equations (1), (2) and (3), we substitute TAC = 2.6 kN and
solve the three resulting linear equations using conventional tools for solving Linear Algebraic Equations
(MATLAB or Maple, for example), to obtain
TAB = 4.77 kN
TAD = 2.61 kN
P = 8.81 kN !
!!!"
AB = ( 6.5 ft ) i (8 ft ) j + ( 2 ft ) k
AB =
TAB =
( 6.5 ft )2 + ( 8 ft )2 + ( 2 ft )2
= 10.5 ft
TAB
( 6.5 ft ) i ( 8 ft ) j + ( 2 ft ) k
10.5 ft
= TAB ( 0.61905i 0.76190 j + 0.190476k )
!!!"
AC = (1 ft ) i ( 8 ft ) j + ( 4 ft ) k
AC =
TAC =
(1 ft )2 + ( 8 ft )2 + ( 4 ft )2
= 9 ft
TAC
(1 ft ) i ( 8 ft ) j + ( 4 ft ) k
9 ft
= TAC ( 0.111111i 0.88889 j + 0.44444k )
!!!"
AD = (1.75 ft ) i ( 8 ft ) j (1 ft ) k
AD =
TAD =
(1.75 ft )2 + ( 8 ft )2 + ( 1 ft )2
= 8.25 ft
TAD
(1.75 ft ) i ( 8 ft ) j (1 ft ) k
8.25 ft
= TAD ( 0.21212i 0.96970 j 0.121212k )
At A F = 0
Fx = 0:
0.61905TAB + 0.111111TAC + 0.21212TAD = 0
(1)
Fy = 0:
0.76190TAB 0.88889TAC 0.96970TAD + W = 0
(2)
Fz = 0:
0.190476TAB + 0.44444TAC 0.121212TAD = 0
(3)
Substituting for W = 320 lb and Solving Equations (1), (2), (3) simultaneously yields:
TAB = 86.2 lb !
TAC = 27.7 lb !
TAD = 237 lb !
See Problem 2.109 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3) shown below.
0.61905 TAB + 0.111111TAC + 0.21212 TAD = 0
(1)
0.76190 TAB 0.88889 TAC 0.96970 TAD + W = 0
(2)
0.190476 TAB + 0.44444 TAC 0.121212TAD = 0
(3)
Now substituting for TAD = 220 lb Gives:
0.61905 TAB + 0.111111TAC + 46.662 = 0
(4)
0.76190 TAB 0.88889 TAC 213.33 + W = 0
(5)
0.190476 TAB + 0.44444 TAC 26.666 = 0
(6)
Solving Equations (4) and (6) simultaneously gives

TAB = 79.992 lb and TAC = 25.716 lb
Substituting into Equation (5) yields
W = 297 lb

Note that because the line of action of each of the cords passes through the vertex A of the cone, the cords all
have the same length, and the unit vectors lying along the cords are parallel to the unit vectors lying along the
generators of the cone.
Thus, for example, the unit vector along BE is identical to the unit vector along the generator AB.
Hence:
It follows that:
AB = BE =
cos 45i + 8j sin 45k

65
cos 45i + 8j sin 45k
TBE = TBE BE = TBE
65
cos 30i + 8j + sin 30k

TCF = TCF CF = TCF
65
cos15i + 8 j sin15k
TDG = TDG DG = TDG
65
At A:
F = 0: TBE + TCF + TDG + W + P = 0
Then, isolating the factors of i, j, and k, we obtain three algebraic equations:
TBE
T
T
cos 45 + CF cos 30 DG cos15 + P = 0
65
65
65
i:
or
TBE cos 45 + TCF cos30 TDG cos15 + P 65 = 0

8
8
8
+ TCF
+ TDG
W = 0
65
65
65
j: TBE
or
TBE + TCF + TDG W
65
=0
8
k:
or
(1)
(2)
TBE
T
T
sin 45 + CF sin 30 DG sin15 = 0
65
65
65
TBE sin 45 + TCF sin 30 TDG sin15 = 0
(3)
With P = 0 and the tension in cord BE = 0.2 lb:

Solving the resulting Equations (1), (2), and (3) using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination,
matrix methods or iteration with MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain:
TCF = 0.669 lb
TDG = 0.746 lb
W = 1.603 lb
See Problem 2.111 for the Figure and the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3)
below:
i : TBE cos 45 + TCF cos 30 TDG cos15 + 65 P = 0
j: TBE + TCF + TDG W
(1)
65
=0
8
(2)
k : TBE sin 45 + TCF sin 30 TDG sin15 = 0
(3)
With W = 1.6 lb , the range of values of P for which the cord CF is taut can found by solving Equations (1),
(2), and (3) for the tension TCF as a function of P and requiring it to be positive (> 0).
Solving (1), (2), and (3) with unknown P, using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination, matrix
methods or iteration with MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain:
TCF = ( 1.729P + 0.668 ) lb
Hence, for TCF > 0

or
1.729P + 0.668 > 0
P < 0.386 lb
P < 0.386 lb !
d DA =
( 400 mm )2 + ( 600 mm )2
d DB =
( 200 mm )2 + ( 600 mm )2 + (150 mm )2
d DC =
( 200 mm )2 + ( 600 mm )2 + ( 150 mm )2
= 721.11 mm
= 650 mm
= 650 mm
TDA = TDADA
=
TDA
( 400 mm ) i ( 600 mm ) j
721.11 mm
= TDA ( 0.55470i 0.83205 j)
TDB = TDBDB
=
TDB
( 200 mm ) i ( 600 mm ) j + (150 mm ) k
650 mm
12
3
4
= TDB i
j + k
13
13
13
TDC = TDC DC
TDC =
TDC
( 200 mm ) i ( 600 mm ) j (150 mm ) k
650 mm
12
3
4
= TDC i
j k
13
13
13
W = Wj
At point D F = 0: TDA + TDB + TDC + W = 0

4
4
TDB TDC = 0
13
13
12
12
TDB TDC + W = 0
13
13
3
3
TDB TDC = 0
13
13
i component:
0.55470 TDA
(1)
j component:
0.83205 TDA
(2)
k component:
Setting W = (16 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 156.96 N

And Solving Equations (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously:
TDA = 62.9 N !
TDB = 56.7 N !
TDC = 56.7 N !
(3)
d DA =
( 400 mm )2 + ( 600 mm )2
d DB =
( 200 mm )2 + ( 600 mm )2 + ( 200 mm )2
d DC =
( 200 mm )2 + ( 600 mm )2 + ( 200 mm )2
= 721.11 mm
= 663.32 mm
= 663.32 mm
TDA = TDADA
=
TDA
( 400 mm ) i ( 600 mm ) j
721.11 mm
= TDA ( 0.55470i 0.83205 j)
TDB = TDBDB
=
TDB
( 200 mm ) i ( 600 mm ) j + ( 200 mm ) k
663.32 mm
= TDB ( 0.30151i 0.90454 j + 0.30151k )
TDC = TDC DC
=
TDC
( 200 mm ) i ( 600 mm ) j ( 200 mm ) k
663.32 mm
= TDC ( 0.30151i 0.90454 j 0.30151k )
At point D
F = 0: TDA + TDB + TDC + W = 0
0.55470 TDA 0.30151TDB 0.30151TDC = 0
i component:
0.83205 TDA 0.90454 TDB 0.90454 TDC + W = 0
j component:
0.30151TDB 0.30151TDC = 0
k component:
Setting W = (16 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 156.96 N

TDA = 62.9 N !
TDB = 57.8 N !
TDC = 57.8 N !
(1)
(2)
(3)
From the solutions of 2.107 and 2.108:

TAB = 0.5409 P
TAC = 0.295P
TAD = 0.2959P
Using P = 8 kN:
TAB = 4.33 kN !
TAC = 2.36 kN !
TAD = 2.37 kN !
d BA =
( 6 m )2 + ( 6 m )2 + ( 3 m )2
d AC =
( 10.5 m )2 + ( 6 m )2 + ( 8 m )2
d AD =
( 6 m )2 + ( 6 m )2 + ( 7 m )2
d AE =
( 6 m )2 + ( 4.5 m )2
FBA = FBABA =
=9m
= 14.5 mm
= 11 mm
= 7.5 m
FBA
( 6 m ) i + ( 6 m ) j + ( 3 m ) k
9m
2
1
2
= FBA i + j + k
3
3
3
TAC = TAC AC =
TAC
(10.5 m ) i ( 6 m ) j ( 8 m ) k
14.5 m
12
16
21
= TAC i
j
k
29
29
29
TAD = TAD AD =
TAD
( 6 m ) i ( 6 m ) j + ( 7 m ) k
11 m
6
7
6
= TAD i j + k
11
11
11
WAE = WAE AE =
W
( 6 m ) i ( 4.5 m ) j
7.5 m
= W ( 0.8i 0.6 j)
WO = W j
At point A: F = 0: FBA + TAC + TAD + WAE + WO = 0
i component:
2
21
6
FBA
TAC TAD + 0.8W = 0
3
29
11
(1)
continued
j component:
2
12
6
FBA
TAC TAD 1.6W = 0
3
29
11
(2)
k component:
1
16
7
FBA
TAC + TAD = 0
3
29
11
(3)
Setting W = ( 20 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 196.2 N

FBA = 1742 N
TAC = 1517 N
TAD = 403 N
Fx = 0:
TAD ( sin 30 )( sin 50 ) + TBD ( sin 30 )( cos 40 ) + TCD ( sin 30 )( cos 60 ) = 0
Dividing through by sin 30 and evaluating:

0.76604 TAD + 0.76604 TBD + 0.5 TCD = 0
(1)
Fy = 0:
TAD ( cos 30 ) TBD ( cos 30 ) TCD ( cos 30 ) + 62 lb = 0
or TAD + TBD + TCD = 71.591 lb
(2)
Fz = 0:
TAD sin 30 cos 50 + TBD sin 30 sin 40 TCD sin 30 sin 60 = 0
or
0.64279 TAD + 0.64279 TBD 0.86603TCD = 0
(3)
Solving Equations (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously:

TAD = 30.5 lb !
TBD = 10.59 lb !
TCD = 30.5 lb !
From the solutions to Problems 2.111 and 2.112, have

(2)
TBE + TCF + TDG = 0.2 65

TBE sin 45 + TCF sin 30 TDG sin15 = 0
(3)
TBE cos 45 + TCF cos 30 TDG cos15 P 65 = 0 (1 )
Applying the method of elimination to obtain a desired result:

Multiplying (2) by sin 45 and adding the result to (3):
TCF ( sin 45 + sin 30 ) + TDG ( sin 45 sin15 ) = 0.2 65 sin 45
TCF = 0.94455 0.37137TDG
or
Multiplying (2) by sin 30 and subtracting (3) from the result:
TBE ( sin 30 + sin 45 ) + TDG ( sin 30 + sin15 ) = 0.2 65 sin 30
or
TBE = 0.66790 0.62863TDG
Substituting (4) and (5) into (1) :

1.29028 1.73205TDG P 65 = 0
TDG is taut for P <
1.29028
lb
65
or 0 P 0.1600 lb !
(5)
d AB =
( 30 ft )2 + ( 24 ft )2 + ( 32 ft )2
d AC =
( 30 ft )2 + ( 20 ft )2 + ( 12 ft )2
TAB = TAB AB =
= 50 ft
= 38 ft
TAB
( 30 ft ) i + ( 24 ft ) j + ( 32 ft ) k
50 ft
= TAB ( 0.6i + 0.48 j + 0.64k )

TAC = TAC AC =
TAC
( 30 ft ) i + ( 20 ft ) j (12 ft ) k
38 ft
20
12
30
= TAC i +
j
k
38
38
38
N=
16
30
Ni +
Nj
34
34
W = (175 lb ) j
At point A: F = 0: TAB + TAC + N + W = 0
i component:
0.6 TAB
30
16
TAC +
N=0
38
34
(1)
j component:
0.48 TAB +
20
30
TAC +
N 175 lb = 0
38
34
(2)
12
TAC = 0
38
Solving Equations (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously:
k component:
0.64 TAB
(3)
TAB = 30.9 lb
TAC = 62.5 lb
Refer to the solution of problem 2.119 and the resulting linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), (3). Include force
P = ( 45 lb ) k with other forces of Problem 2.119.
Now at point A: F = 0: TAB + TAC + N + W + P = 0
i component:
0.6 TAB
30
16
TAC +
N=0
38
34
(1)
j component:
0.48 TAB +
20
30
TAC +
N 175 lb = 0
38
34
(2)
k component:
0.64 TAB
12
TAC 45 lb = 0
38
(3)
Solving (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously:
TAB = 81.3 lb
TAC = 22.2 lb
Note: BE shares the same unit vector as AB.

Thus:
BE = AB =
( 25 mm ) cos 45i + ( 200 mm ) j ( 25 mm ) sin 45k

201.56 mm
TBE = TBE BE =
TBE
( 25 mm ) cos 45i + ( 200 mm ) j ( 25 mm ) sin 45k
201.56 mm
TCF = TCF CF =
TCF
( 25 mm ) cos 30i + ( 200 mm ) j + ( 25 mm ) sin 30k
201.56 mm
TDG = TDG DG =
TDG
( 25 mm ) cos15i + ( 200 mm ) j ( 25 mm ) sin15k
201.56 mm
W = W j;
P = Pk
At point A: F = 0: TBE + TCE + TDG + W + P = 0

i component:
0.087704 TBE + 0.107415 TCF 0.119806 TDG = 0
(1)
j component:
0.99226 TBE + 0.99226 TCF + 0.99226 TDG W = 0
(2)
k component:
0.087704 TBE + 0.062016 TCF 0.032102 TDG + P = 0
(3)
Setting W = 10.5 N and P = 0, and solving (1), (2), (3) simultaneously:

TBE = 1.310 N !
TCF = 4.38 N !
TDG = 4.89 N !
See Problem 2.121 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3) below:
i component: 0.087704 TBE + 0.107415 TCF 0.119806 TDG = 0
(1)
j component: 0.99226 TBE + 0.99226 TCF + 0.99226 TDG W = 0
(2)
k component: 0.087704 TBE + 0.062016 TCF 0.032102 TDG + P = 0
(3)
Setting W = 10.5 N and P = 0.5 N, and solving (1), (2), (3) simultaneously:
TBE = 4.84 N !
TCF = 1.157 N !
TDG = 4.58 N !
uuur
DA = ( 8 ft ) i + ( 40 ft ) j + (10 ft ) k
( 8 ft )2 + ( 40 ft )2 + (10 ft )2
DA =
TDA =
= 42 ft
TADB
( 8 ft ) i + ( 40 ft ) j + (10 ft ) k
42 ft
= TADB ( 0.190476i + 0.95238 j + 0.23810k )

uuur
DB = ( 3 ft ) i + ( 36 ft ) j ( 8 ft ) k
( 3 ft )2 + ( 36 ft )2 + ( 8 ft )2
DB =
TDB =
= 37 ft
TADB
( 3 ft ) i + ( 36 ft ) j ( 8 ft ) k
37 ft
= TADB ( 0.081081i + 0.97297 j 0.21622k )

uuur
DC = ( a 8 ft ) i ( 24 ft ) j ( 3 ft ) k
( a 8 ft )2 + ( 24 ft )2 + ( 3 ft )2
DC =
TDC
TDC =
At D
( a 8)2 + 585
( a 8)2 + 585 ft
( a 8 ft ) i ( 24 ft ) j ( 3 ft ) k
F = 0:
Fx = 0: 0.190476 TADB + 0.081081TADB +

Fz = 0: 0.23810 TADB 0.21622 TADB
( a 8)
TDC
( a 8)2 + 585
3
( a 8) + 585
2
=0
TDC = 0
(1)
(2)
Dividing equation (1) by equation (2) gives
( a 8) = 0.190476 0.081081
3
0.23810 + 0.21622
or
a = 23 ft
Substituting into equation (1) for a = 23 ft and combining the coefficients for TADB gives:
Fx = 0:
0.109395 TADB + 0.52705 TDC = 0
(3)
continued
And writing Fy = 0 gives:
1.92535 TADB 0.84327 TDC W = 0
(4)
Substituting into equation (3) for TDC = 17 lb gives:
0.109395 TADB + 0.52705 (17 lb ) = 0

or
TADB = 81.9 lb
Substituting into equation (4) for TDC = 17 lb and TADB = 81.9 lb gives:
1.92535 ( 81.9 lb ) 0.84327 (17 lb ) W = 0

or
W = 143.4 lb
See Problem 2.123 for the analysis leading to the linear

algebraic Equations (3) and (4) below:
0.109395 TADB + 0.52705 TDC = 0
(3)
1.92535 TADB 0.84327 TDC W = 0
(4)
Substituting for W = 120 lb and solving equations (3) and (4) simultaneously yields
TADB = 68.6 lb !
TDC = 14.23 lb !
d AB =
( 2.7 m )2 + ( 2.4 m )2 + ( 3.6 m )2
d AC =
( 2.4 m )2 + (1.8 m )2
d AD =
(1.2 m )2 + ( 2.4 m )2 + ( 0.3 m )2
= 2.7 m
d AE =
( 2.4 m )2 + ( 2.4 m )2 + (1.2 m )2
= 3.6 m
= 5.1 m
=3m
TAB = TAB AB
=
TAB
( 2.7 m ) i + ( 2.4 m ) j ( 3.6 m ) k
5.1 m
8
12
9
= TAB i +
j k
17
17
17
TAC = TAC AC
=
TAC
( 2.4 m ) j + (1.8 m ) k
3m
= TAC ( 0.8 j + 0.6k )

TAD = 2TADE AD
=
2TADE
(1.2 m ) i + ( 2.4 m ) j ( 0.3 m ) k
2.7 m
16
2
8
= TADE i +
j k
9
9
9
continued
TAE = TAE AE
=
TADE
( 2.4 m ) i + ( 2.4 m ) j + (1.2 m ) k
3.6 m
2
1
2
= TADE i + j + k
3
3
3
W = Wj
At point A:
F = 0:
TAB + TAC + TAD + TAE + W = 0

9
8
2
TAB + TADE TADE = 0
17
9
3
i component:
j component:
8
16
2
TAB + 0.8 TAC + TADE + TADE W = 0
17
9
3
k component:
12
2
1
TAB + 0.6 TAC TADE + TADE = 0
17
9
3
(1)
(2)
(3)
Simplifying (1), (2), (3):

81TAB + 34 TADE = 0
(1)
72 TAB + 122.4 TAC + 374 TADE = 153 W
(2)
108 TAB + 91.8 TAC + 17 TADE = 0
(3)
Setting W = 1400 N and solving (1), (2), (3) simultaneously:

TAB = 203 N "
TAC = 149.6 N "
TADE = 485 N "
See Problem 2.125 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1 ) , ( 2 ) , and ( 3 ) below:
i component:
81 TAB + 34 TADE = 0
(1)
j component:
72 TAB + 122.4 TAC + 37.4 TADE = 153 W
( 2)
k component:
108 TAB + 91.8 TAC + 17 TADE = 0
( 3)
Setting TAB = 300 N and solving (1), (2), (3) simultaneously:

(a)
TAC = 221 N !
(b) TADE = 715 N !

(c)
W = 2060 N !
Free-Body Diagrams of collars
For both Problems 2.127 and 2.128:
( AB )2
(1 m )2
Here
= x2 + y 2 + z 2
= ( 0.40 m ) + y 2 + z 2
2
y 2 + z 2 = 0.84 m 2
or
Thus, with y given, z is determined.

Now
AB
uuur
AB
1
=
=
( 0.40i yj + zk ) m = 0.4i yk + zk
AB 1 m
Where y and z are in units of meters, m.

From the F.B. Diagram of collar A:
F = 0: N x i + N zk + Pj + TAB AB = 0
Setting the j coefficient to zero gives:

P yTAB = 0
With P = 680 N,
TAB =
680 N
y
Now, from the free body diagram of collar B:

F = 0: N x i + N y j + Qk TAB AB = 0
continued
Setting the k coefficient to zero gives:

Q TAB z = 0
And using the above result for TAB we have

Q = TAB z =
680 N
z
y
Then, from the specifications of the problem, y = 300 mm = 0.3 m

z 2 = 0.84 m 2 ( 0.3 m )
z = 0.866 m
and
TAB =
(a)
680 N
= 2266.7 N
0.30
TAB = 2.27 kN !
or
and
Q = 2266.7 ( 0.866 ) = 1963.2 N
(b)
or
Q = 1.963 kN !
From the analysis of Problem 2.127, particularly the results:

y 2 + z 2 = 0.84 m 2
TAB =
680 N
y
Q=
680 N
z
y
With y = 550 mm = 0.55 m, we obtain:

z 2 = 0.84 m 2 ( 0.55 m )
z = 0.73314 m
and
TAB =
(a)
or
680 N
= 1236.36 N
0.55
TAB = 1.236 kN !
and
Q = 1236.36 ( 0.73314 ) N = 906 N
(b)
or
Q = 0.906 kN !
(a)
Have:
20 lb
14 lb
=
sin
sin 30
sin = 0.71428
= 45.6
(b)
= 180 ( 30 + 45.6 )
= 104.4
Then:
R
14 lb
=
sin104.4 sin 30
R = 27.1 lb
We compute the following distances:

OA =
( 70 )2 + ( 240 )2
OB =
( 210 )2 + ( 200 )2
= 290 mm
OC =
(120 )2 + ( 225)2
= 255 mm
= 250 mm
500 N Force:
70
Fx = 500 N
250
Fx = 140.0 N !
240
Fy = +500 N
250
Fy = 480 N !
210
Fx = +435 N
290
Fx = 315 N !
200
Fy = +435 N
290
Fy = 300 N !
120
Fx = +510 N
255
Fx = 240 N !
225
Fy = 510 N
255
Fy = 450 N !
435 N Force:
510 N Force:
Note that the force exerted by BD on the pole is directed along BD, and the component of P along AC
is 450 N.
Then:
P=
(a)
450 N
= 549.3 N
cos 35
P = 549 N !
Px = ( 450 N ) tan 35
(b)
= 315.1 N
Px = 315 N !
Free-Body Diagram
Force Triangle
Law of Sines:
TAC
T
5 kN
= BC =
sin115 sin 5 sin 60
(a)
TAC =
5 kN
sin115 = 5.23 kN
sin 60
TAC = 5.23 kN !
(b)
TBC =
5 kN
sin 5 = 0.503 kN
sin 60
TBC = 0.503 kN !
Free-Body Diagram
First, consider the sum of forces in the x-direction because there is only one unknown force:
Fx = 0: TACB ( cos 32 cos 42 ) ( 20 kN ) cos 42 = 0
or
0.104903TACB = 14.8629 kN
TACB = 141.682 kN
(b) TACB = 141.7 kN !

Now
Fy = 0: TACB ( sin 42 sin 32 ) + ( 20 kN ) sin 42 W = 0
or
(141.682 kN )( 0.139211) + ( 20 kN )( 0.66913) W
=0
(a) W = 33.1 kN !
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley A
Fx = 0: 2P sin 25 P cos = 0
and
cos = 0.8452
For
or
= 32.3
= +32.3
Fy = 0: 2P cos 25 + P sin 32.3 350 lb = 0
or P = 149.1 lb
For
32.3
= 32.3
Fy = 0: 2P cos 25 + P sin 32.3 350 lb = 0
or P = 274 lb
32.3
Fx = F sin 30 sin 50 = 220.6 N (Given)
(a)
F =
220.6 N
= 575.95 N
sin30 sin50
F = 576 N !
cos x =
(b)
Fx
220.6
=
= 0.38302
F
575.95
x = 67.5 !
Fy = F cos 30 = 498.79 N
cos y =
Fy
F
498.79
= 0.86605
575.95
y = 30.0 !
Fz = F sin 30 cos 50
= ( 575.95 N ) sin 30 cos 50
= 185.107 N
cos z =
Fz
185.107
=
= 0.32139
F
575.95
z = 108.7 !
Fz = F cos z = ( 600 lb ) cos136.8
(a)
= 437.38 lb
Fz = 437 lb !
Then:
F 2 = Fx2 + Fy2 + Fz2
2
( ) + ( 437.38 lb )2
So: ( 600 lb ) = ( 200 lb ) + Fy

2
Hence: Fy =
(b)
cos x =
( 600 lb )2 ( 200 lb )2 ( 437.38 lb )2
= 358.75 lb
Fy = 359 lb !
Fx
200
=
= 0.33333
F
600
x = 70.5 !
cos y =
Fy
F
358.75
= 0.59792
600
y = 126.7 !
P = ( 500 lb ) [ cos 30 sin15i + sin 30 j + cos 30 cos15k ]

= ( 500 lb ) [ 0.2241i + 0.50 j + 0.8365k ]
= (112.05 lb ) i + ( 250 lb ) j + ( 418.25 lb ) k
Q = ( 600 lb ) [ cos 40 cos 20i + sin 40 j cos 40 sin 20k ]
= ( 600 lb ) [ 0.71985i + 0.64278 j 0.26201k ]
= ( 431.91 lb ) i + ( 385.67 lb ) j (157.206 lb ) k
R = P + Q = ( 319.86 lb ) i + ( 635.67 lb ) j + ( 261.04 lb ) k
R=
( 319.86 lb )2 + ( 635.67 lb )2 + ( 261.04 lb )2
= 757.98 lb
R = 758 lb !
cos x =
Rx
319.86 lb
=
= 0.42199
R
757.98 lb
x = 65.0 !
cos y =
Ry
R
635.67 lb
= 0.83864
757.98 lb
y = 33.0 !
cos z =
Rz
261.04 lb
=
= 0.34439
R
757.98 lb
z = 69.9 !
The forces applied at A are:
TAB , TAC , TAD and P

where P = Pj . To express the other forces in terms of the unit vectors
i, j, k, we write
uuur
AB = ( 0.72 m ) i + (1.2 m ) j ( 0.54 m ) k,
AB = 1.5 m
uuur
AC = (1.2 m ) j + ( 0.64 m ) k,
AC = 1.36 m
uuur
AD = ( 0.8 m ) i + (1.2 m ) j ( 0.54 m ) k,
AD = 1.54 m
uuur
AB
TAB = TAB AB = TAB
= ( 0.48i + 0.8j 0.36k ) TAB
and
AB
uuur
AC
TAC = TAC AC = TAC
= ( 0.88235j + 0.47059k ) TAC
AC
uuur
AD
TAD = TAD AD = TAD
= ( 0.51948i + 0.77922 j 0.35065k ) TAD
AD
Equilibrium Condition with W = Wj
F = 0: TAB + TAC + TAD Wj = 0

Substituting the expressions obtained for TAB , TAC , and TAD and
factoring i, j, and k:
( 0.48TAB + 0.51948TAD ) i + ( 0.8TAB + 0.88235TAC
+ 0.77922TAD W ) j
+ ( 0.36TAB + 0.47059TAC 0.35065TAD ) k = 0

Equating to zero the coefficients of i, j, k:
0.48TAB + 0.51948TAD = 0
0.8TAB + 0.88235TAC + 0.77922TAD W = 0
0.36TAB + 0.47059TAC 0.35065TAD = 0
Substituting TAB = 3 kN in Equations (1), (2) and (3) and solving the resulting set of equations, using
conventional algorithms for solving linear algebraic equations, gives
TAC = 4.3605 kN
TAD = 2.7720 kN
W = 8.41 kN
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the
(scalar) force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
uuur
AB = ( 32 in.) i ( 48 in.) j + ( 36 in.) k
AB =
( 32 in.)2 + ( 48 in.)2 + ( 36 in.)2
TAB = T AB = TAB
= 68 in.
uuur
AB
T
= AB ( 32 in.) i ( 48 in.) j + ( 36 in.) k
68 in.
AB
TAB = TAB ( 0.47059i 0.70588 j + 0.52941k )

uuur
AC = ( 45 in.) i ( 48 in.) j + ( 36 in.) k
and
AC =
( 45 in.)2 + ( 48 in.)2 + ( 36 in.)2
TAC = T AC = TAC
= 75 in.
uuur
AC
T
= AC ( 45 in.) i ( 48 in.) j + ( 36 in.) k
75 in.
AC
TAC = TAC ( 0.60i 0.64 j + 0.48k )

uuur
AD = ( 25 in.) i ( 48 in.) j ( 36 in.) k
Finally,
AD =
( 25 in.)2 + ( 48 in.)2 + ( 36 in.)2
= 65 in.
continued
TAD = T AD = TAD
uuur
AD
T
= AD ( 25 in.) i ( 48 in.) j ( 36 in.) k
65 in.
AD
TAD = TAD ( 0.38461i 0.73846 j 0.55385k )
With W = Wj, at A we have:

F = 0: TAB + TAC + TAD + Wj = 0
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic equations:
i : 0.47059TAB + 0.60TAC 0.38461TAD = 0
(1)
j: 0.70588TAB 0.64TAC 0.73846TAD + W = 0
(2)
k : 0.52941TAB + 0.48TAC 0.55385TAD = 0
(3)
In Equations (1), (2) and (3), set TAD = 120 lb, and, using conventional methods for solving Linear Algebraic
Equations (MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain:
TAB = 32.6 lb
TAC = 102.5 lb
W = 177.2 lb "
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the
(scalar) force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
uuur
AB = ( 0.48 m ) i + ( 0.72 m ) j ( 0.16 m ) k
AB =
( 0.48 m )2 + ( 0.72 m )2 + ( 0.16 m )2
TAB = T AB = TAB
= 0.88 m
uuur
AB
TAB
( 0.48 m ) i + ( 0.72 m ) j ( 0.16 m ) k
=
AB
0.88 m
TAB = TAB ( 0.54545i + 0.81818 j 0.181818k )
and
uuur
AC = ( 0.24 m ) i + ( 0.72 m ) j ( 0.13 m ) k
AC =
( 0.24 m )2 + ( 0.72 m )2 ( 0.13 m )2
TAC = T AC = TAC
= 0.77 m
uuur
AC
TAC
( 0.24 m ) i + ( 0.72 m ) j ( 0.13 m ) k
=
AC
0.77 m
TAC = TAC ( 0.31169i + 0.93506 j 0.16883k )
At A:
F = 0: TAB + TAC + P + Q + W = 0
Noting that TAB = TAC because of the ring A, we equate the factors of
i, j, and k to zero to obtain the linear algebraic equations:
i:
( 0.54545 + 0.31169 ) T
+P=0
P = 0.23376T
or
j:
( 0.81818 + 0.93506 ) T
W = 0
continued
W = 1.75324T
or
k:
( 0.181818 0.16883) T
+Q =0
Q = 0.35065T
or
With W = 1200 N:
T =
1200 N
= 684.45 N
1.75324
P = 160.0 N !
Q = 240 N !

Chapter 2, Solution 1.: COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

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Chapter 2, Solution 1.: COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

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Copyright:

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COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

Using the Law of Sines

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Cosines,

Using the Law of Sines,

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

By trigonometry: Law of Sines

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Using the Law of Sines

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 10.

Using the Law of Sines:

= 180 (10 + 7.4832 )

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 11.

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 12.

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 13.

We observe that force P is minimum when = 90.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 14.

For TBC to be a minimum,

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 15.

R 2 = (15 lb ) + ( 25 lb ) 2 (15 lb )( 25 lb ) cos135

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 16.

Using the Law of Cosines and the Law of Sines,

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 17.

Using the Law of Sines:

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 19.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 19.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 20.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 21.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 22.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 23.

Determine the following distances:

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 24.

We compute the following distances:

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 25.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 26.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 2, Solution 27.