PROBLEMAS PROPUESTOS

CAPTULO 1: LOGARITMOS
1. Realizar los siguientes clculos mediante logaritmos naturales y de base
10:
a) y = 2345*3487

log y=log 2345+ log3487

logy=3,3701+3,5425
logy=6,9126

y=8177015,00

lny ln 2345+ln 3487

ln y=7,7600+ 8,1568
lny=15,9168

y=8177015,00

b) y = 1256*3454.23

log y=log 1256+ log3454,23

logy=3,0990+ 3,5384
logy=6,6374

y=4338512,88

lny ln 1256+ln 3454,23

lny=7,1357 +8,1474

lny=15,2831

y=4338512,88

c) y = 5463/345

log y=log 5463log 345

logy=3,73742,5378
logy=1,1996

y=15,83

lny ln 5463ln345

lny=8,60585,8435
lny=2,7623

y=15,83

2. Realizar los siguientes clculos mediante logaritmos naturales y de base

10:
a)

y=15,457

log y=7 log15,45

logy=7 (1,1889)
logy=8,3225

y=210135480

lny 7 ln 15,45

lny=7 (2,7376)
lny=19,1633

y=210135480

b)

y=51,15,2

log y=5,2 l og51,1

logy=5,2(1,7084)
logy=8,8838

y=765224173

lny 5,2 ln 51,1

lny=5,2(3,9338)
lny=20,4557

y=765224173
c)

y=3 456
1

456 3
y=
1
log y= log 456
3
1
logy= (2,6590)
3

logy=0,8863

y=7,697

456 3
y=

1
ln y= ln 456
3
1
lny= (6,1225)
3
lny=2,0408
y=7,697

3. Realizar los siguientes clculos mediante logaritmos naturales y de base

10:
a)

y=453(

213
)
670

logy=log 453+( log 213log670)

logy=2,6561+(2,32842,8261)

logy=2,1584
y=144,01

lny=ln 453+(ln 213ln 670)

y=6,1159 +(5,36136,507)

ln y=4,9699

y=144,01

b)

y=

2300
)
( 3454
)( 1200
45

logy= ( log 2300log 3454 )+(log 1200log 45)

logy= (3,36173,5383 ) +(23,07911,6532)

logy=1,2494

y=17,76

lny= ( ln 2300ln 3454 ) +( ln 1200ln 45)

lny= (7,74078,1473 ) +(7,09013,8067)

logy=2,8768

y=17,76

c)

y=

0,1231
(2310,112)

0,112
log 0,1231(log 231+ log )
logy=
logy=(0,9097 ( 2,3636+ (2,1893 ) ))
logy=2,3226

y=0,004758

0,112
ln 0,1231(ln 231+ln )
lny =
lny=(2,0948( 5,4424 + (2,1893 ) ))
lny=5,3479
y=0,004758

4. Realizar los siguientes clculos mediante logaritmos naturales y de base

10:
a)

y=( 23,445,4 )(1,5457 )

log y=( log23,4 +log 45,4 )+(7 log 1,545)

7 (0,1889)
logy= (1,3692+1,6571 ) +
logy=4,3488
y=22323,95

ln y=( ln 23,4 +ln 45,4 ) +(7 ln 1,545)

7(0,4350)
lny= (3,1527 +3,8155 ) +
lny=10,0134

y=22323,95

b)

y= 5

456
211

456 3

211 5

y=
log y=

( 31 log 456 15 log 211)

1
1
logy= ( ( 2,6590 ))( ( 2,3243 ) )
3
5

logy=0,4215

y=2,64

ln y=

( 13 ln 456 15 ln211)

1
1
lny= ( ( 6,1225 ))( ( 5,3519 ) )
3
5

lny=0,9705

y=2,64

5. Despejar el valor de x:
a)

3,4 5 x =456

x log3,45=log 456

x ( 0,5378 ) =2,6590
x=

2,6590
0,5378

x=4,9439

456 x =1200

b)

x log 456=log 1200

x ( 2,6590 ) =3,0792
x=

3,0792
2,6590

x=1,1580

c)

54 00=670x

log 5400=x log 670

3,7324=x ( 2,8261 )
x=

3,7324
2,8261

x=1,3206

d)

670
( x )
3400
280=

log 280=log 3400( x log 670)

2,4472=3,5315(x ( 2,8261) )

x 2,8261=3,53152,4472
x=

1,0843
2,8261

x=0,383684425

6. Despejar el valor de x:
a)

x 47=4300
1

47 x =4300

1
log 47=log 4300
x
1,6721
=3,6335
x
x=

1,6721
3,6335

x=0,4601933052

b)

4000=x 219
1

219 x
400 0=

1
log 4000= log219
x
3,6021=

2,3404
x

x=

2,3404
3,6021

x=0,6497515645

7. Despejar el valor de x:
x

2,85 =188,0287

a)

x log 2,85=log 188,0287

x ( 0,4548 ) =2,2742
x=

2,2742
0,4548

x=5

43,8 =84027,67

b)

x log 43,8=log 84027,67

x ( 1,6415 )=4,9244
x=

4,9244
1,6415

x=3
c)

166962,53=150 x

log 166962,53=x log 150

5,2226=x ( 2,1761 )
x=

5,2226
2,1761

x=2,4

d)

500=

2500
x
14 0

log 500=log2500( x log 14 0)

2,1461
x ( )
2,6990=3,3979
x=

0,6990
2,1461

x=0,3256888651

8. Si log 2 = 0.301030 y log 4 = 0.602060, determinar el valor de los

siguientes logaritmos:
a)

log 8

log 8=log 2+ log 4

log 8=0,301030+0,602060

log 8=0,903090

b)

log 16

log 16=log 4+ log 4

log 16=0,602060+0,602060

log 16=1,20412

c)

log 16

4
log 2+log
1
log 16=
2

log 16=0,60206