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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
India is at fifth place among the whole world in terms of energy consumption.
Today India is dependent on petroleum products for the requirement of energy needs
for different purposes like transportation, irrigation and industries, etc. India
consumed about 128.50 million metric tonnes of petroleum products during the year
2008, from which 73 million metric tonnes was used for transportation. Because of
steady growth in the economy, India by 2025 will be third in the world for petroleum
products import after US & China. It is expected that during 2035, Indias total on
road fuel consumption for a year will be 371 million metric tonnes, up from 58
million metric tonnes in year 2005, which reflects a larger growth than China (6.4
times for India vs. 3.5 times for China). India will require importing of 6 million
barrels per day oil by 2030 to meet the demand of energy for the different areas.
Since, India has only 0.4% of world crude oil, therefore alternatives should be found
to meet the requirements [1].
On the other hand petroleum derived fuels have been the major source of the worlds
energy, and the whole world is presently confronted with the twin crises of

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Sample for reference

[1] G Tashtoush, M Al-Widyan and A Al-Shyouck, Combustion performance and

emissions of ethyl ester of a waste vegetable oil in a water-cooled furnace, Appl
Thermal Eng, Vol.23, 2002, pp.28593.
[2] Y.C. Denis Leung, Wu Xuan and M.K.H. Leung A review on biodiesel
production using catalyzed transesterification, Applies Energy, Vol.87 (4), 2009,
pp.1083-1095.

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