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Khaled.sahouri@yahoo.com
sahourikhaled@hotmail.com
sahourikhaled@gmail.com
)kh_ow@hotmail.co (face book
Mobile 00966592210381


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- 1 Manual Control
- 2 ( Automatic Control )
- 3 Automatic Control Programmed
- 4 Electronic Control

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(Manual Control)

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Classic Control .
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Automatic Control


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PLC Inverter
Microcontroller .
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Automatic Control Programmed



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Inverter


) Programmable Logic Controller (PLC
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Electronic Control
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Microcontroller

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(Manual Control
Classic Control
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- 1 Design

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- 2 Electric Drawing

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- 3 Checking The Circuit

EKTS ESS .
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-4 Implementation
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-5 Operation

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POWER CIRCUIT
CONTROL CIRCUIT

Power Circuit
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- 1 Power Supply
- 2 Main Circuit Breaker
- 3 ( ) )( Magnetic Switch)(Contactor
- 4 Overload
- 5 Electric load

Power Supply
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Single Phase Power Source
Three phase Power Source

250 220 R N

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120-110 60 50
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R
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DC Power Supply

Rectifier


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R S T
N 380 400
220

380 380 220 .


220 220 110 .
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- 1 220 380 .
- 2 .
220 380
4 380
220 . 380 220
380 220 380 .
Star Delta


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The Star Connection

IL U
IL Iph ) IL = Iph (1
VL
Vph
) VL = 1.73 Vph . (2 31.73
90 120

120
60 60
tan60 = 1.73 3 .
VL = 1.73 x Vph .. 380 = 1.73 x Vph Vph = 380 / 1.73 = 220v
220 .
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-: Delta Connection

IL IL = 1.73x Iph .. (1)


VL )VL = Vph . (2

220 / 380 /
220 380 .
)2 .



-: -:
-1

P = I x V P = I x V x Cos
P 1000
HP 746.
I V Cos
. 1
1 = 0 1
1 .
-2
2/ 0.0178
2/ 0.029
-3

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-:
R = x L / A R 2 / L
A 2
-4 %4
%2.5 .

()1
8 220 100


-: %4

) Vd = 0.04 x Vs .. (1 Vd %4

Vs Vd = 0.04 x 220 = 8.8 volt


VL = Vs Vd >>>>>> 220 8.8 = 211.2 volt
-: ( 211.2 )
) P = V x I (2
P=VxI
8 x 1000 = 211.2 x I I = 8000 / 211.2 = 37.9 Amp
37.9
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) R = Vd / I (3 R Vd I
R = 8.8 / 37.9 = 0.23 0.23

)R = x L \ A (4
0.23 = 0.0178 x 100 / A . A = 0.0178 x 100 / 0.23 = 7.7 mm2
2 7.7 2 R & N
7.7 x 2 = 15.4 mm2
2 16 18. 2 20


4HP 220 30
0.8

P = 4HP . P = 4 * 746 = 2984 W
Vs = 220 V
L = 30 m
1) Vd = 0.025 x 220 = 5.5 V
2) VL = 220 5.5 = 214.5 V
3) P = V x I x Cos .. 2984 = 214.5 x I x 0.8 . I = 17.4 Amp
4) R = Vd / I . R = 5.5 / 17.4 = 0.32
5) R = x L / A A = x L /R . A = 0.029 x 30 / 0.32 = 2.7 mm2 x 2 = 5.4 mm2 for ALUMINUME
R = x L / A A = x L /R . A = 0.0178 X 30 / 0.32 = 1.7 mm2 x 2 = 3.4 mm2 for COPPER wire
2 5.4 2 8
2 3.4 . 2 6

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) A = x L x P / 0.025 (Vs x (Vs 0.025 x Vs ) x Cos
)) A = x L x P / 0.04 (Vs x (Vs 0.04 x Vs


P = 2984 W
Vs = 220 V
L = 30m
) A = x L x P / 0.025 (Vs x (Vs 0.025 x Vs ) x Cos
A= 0.029 x 30 x 2984 / 0.025 ( 220 x ( 220 -0.025 x 220 ) x 0.8 ) = 2.7 x 2 = 5.4 mm2
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P = 1.73 x V x I x Cos

380 0.8 50HP


60

V = 380v
PF = 0.8
L = 60m P = 50HP = 50 x 746 = 37300w

-1 Vd = 0.025 x Vs . Vd = 0.025 x 380 = 9.5 v


-2 VL = Vs Vd = 380 -9.5 = 370.5 v
-3 P = 1.73 x VL x I x Cos . I = 37300 / 1.73 x 370.5 x 0.8 I = 72.7 Amp
R = Vd / I R = 9.5 / 72.7 R = 0.13
-4
-5 A = x L /R . A = 0.0178 x 60 / 0.13 . A = 8.2 mm2
3
8.2 x 3 = 24.6 mm2
2 25 3 x 25 mm2
3 3 24
2


2
90KW 380 0.8 60

P =90000W
V = 380v
PF = 0.8
L = 60m
1- Drop Voltage . Vd = 380 x 0.025 = 9.5 v
2- VL = Vs Vd = 380 9.5 = 370.5 v
3- IL = P / VL x 1.73 x Cos .. IL = 90000 / 370.5 x 1.73 x 0.8 .. IL = 175.5 Amp
4- Rc = Vd / IL .. Rc = 9.5 / 175.5 = 0.054
5- A = x L /R . A = 0.0178 x 60 / 0.054 A = 19.8 mm2 19.8 x 3 = 59.6 mm2
2 60 3 2 58.3 .
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Electric Transformer
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-1 Electrical Windings Primary Winding

Secondary Winding
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- 1 Core

E U

V1
V2
I1
I2
N1
N2

V1 / V2 = I2 / I1 = N1 / N2
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24v 48v 110v 220v 80v

Solenoid valve Brakes Diodes

- 1 Half Wave Rectifier

- 2 Full Wave Rectifier


Bridge Rectifier

- 3

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- 2 Main Circuit Breaker


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Short
Circuit Overload Earth leakage .

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-: Manual Circuit Breakers
-: Automatic Circuit Breakers

Manual CB

Isolator
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Automatic CB

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- 1 Single Phase and Polarity CB
- 2 Double Phase and Polarity CB
- 3 Three Phase and Polarity CB
- 4 Three Phase 4 Poles CB
- 5 Three Phase Single polarity CB
-:
- 1 Thermal CB
- 2 Magnetic CB
- 3 Thermal Magnetic CB
- 4 Earth leakage CB
-: Single Phase Thermal CB



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-: Magnatic CB


-: Thermal Magnetic CB





1.25 -:
10 380 0.8
-: P = 1.73 x I x V x cos
10x1000 = 1.73 x I x 380 x 0.8
I = 10000 / 1.73 x 380 x 0.8
I = 19 Amp
Icb = 19 x 1.25
Icb = 23 Amp
23 23 25 .

)3 Contactor


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) Core
E U
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Spring .
) Coil


) Contacts
Power Contacts Control Contacts
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L1 L2 L3 1 3 5
T1 T2 T3 2 4 6 Normally Open NO
Normally Close NC
NO NC NO
13 14 . 14 13
3 24 23 34 33 3 NO
NC NC 12-11
1 12 11 22 21
32-31 NC 1 . 3
Auxiliary

. A1 A2
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) Springs
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- 1


-:

Is = 2.5 * Im Is Im
40 2.5 * 40 = 100Amp
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- 2 AC or DC

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- 3
. 24v 48v 110v 220v 380v
- 4 Auxiliary Contacts
NC Normally Close NO Normally open
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- 5 .

LC1D40AM7 D

)4( , ) Relays
Relay



6v 9v 12v 24v 48v .

)5 Operate Pushbuttons & Switches


Pushbutton OFF NC
NO
NC NO NC

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Momentary Pushbutton only
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Emergency Stop

Pushbutton ON
NO NC

NO
). (NO-NO) (NO-NC
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Switches
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- 1 Selector Switch


- 2 Multi Selector Switch

- 3 Cylinder Switches

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- 4 Limit Switches

NONC

Control Circuits Protection



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- 1 Overload
- 2 Over and Drop Voltage
- 3 Short Circuit
- 4 Earth leakage
- 5 Phase Sequence

Overload


) ) (Gearbox .
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Overload
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) NO NC NC
NO .
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)
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) Reset
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) Heaters
NO NC
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)2 Over and Drop Voltage


Phase Sequence and Failure


Phase Sequence or Failure



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-: L1 L2 L3
NC Led

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-: -:
380 400
Over Voltage 400
400 5 .
-: 370 Low Voltage
370 .
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)3 Earth leakage
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( 30 100 300 500
) 30 100 . 30
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Transformers
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24v 48v 110v 220v

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-2 Auto Ttransformer
-1 Power Transformer
-1 Primary Winding
380 220 . Secondary Winding
. V1/ V2= I2 / I1 = N1 / N2 V1 V2
I2 I1 N1 N2
. -:-

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-2 Autotransformer
380
230 220 440

Electrical Timers


-:
) Electronic Electric Timer

5 A1 A2
C NO NC

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) Air Mechanical Timer

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- 1 Timer ON Delay

- 2 OFF Delay Timer




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Voltage Regulators


Electrical Sensors

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Rectifier Circuits
Breaks Eddy
Current Coil
-:
- 1 Half Wave Rectifier

-2 Full Wave 2 Diodes


- 3 Bridge Rectifier
4

- 4 Three Phase Rectifier


6

Electric Circuit Control Codes





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Electrical Drawings


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Drawings Types
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-1 ( Vertical Drawing )
-:

-2 ( Ladder Drawing )

) Power Drawing
) Control Drawing
)1 ( Vertical Drawing )

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- 1 Lines -:

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-2 Numbers
...
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--3 Codes
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- 1 Control Circuit

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- 2 Power Circuit
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- 3 Codes Circuit
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Vertical Drawing

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Horizontal Drawing Ladder drawing
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Electric Control and Drawing



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- 12 .
- 13 .
- 14 .

- 15 .
- 16 .
- 17 .
- 18 .
- 19 .
- 20 ,
- 21 .
- 22 .
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-:
- 1 Power Supply 380v
- 2 Control Supply from 24 220v
- 3 Pushbutton ON/OFF
- 4 Contactor
- 5 Electric Motor
- 6
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)
-7
) Main CB
) Over Load
) Control Circuit CB

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OKL OVL
SL .
Latch ON .


ON OFF
3 3 ON
. OFF
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ON Delay

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3



24

Delay OFF .

OFF
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ON
/OFF ON .

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ON .

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-:
-1 Armature Squirrel Cage
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-2 220/380 /
380 220 380
220 .
380/ 380 / .
-3
1450/2850 RPM 1450/ 1850/ .
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6 U X V Y W Z U X V Y
W Z


-:

IL1 A Iph1 Iph2


120 60
60 1.73
)IL = 1.73 x Iph --------------- (1
VL Vph
)VL = Vph --------------------(2

)IL = Iph -------------------(1


)VL = 1.73 x Vph --------------------(2

Two Contactors and more




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C1 C2 .



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- 1 Starting Winding
Running Winding

- 2 Universal Motor

- 3 Shaded Pole


- 1
3


OFF Delay

A B
A
A A A

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