Tepiets ROGER SANJEK A Vocabulary for Fieldnotes opti fen uctine semis 38 mavens and sodden ign stddmy wy aad sour ek, ‘Rane ened svcd of eevee, Dente is Tis tnnajons stone, shee tee ese: rc cdmcere inte aye anivopelogitrcper nore than ithyimy nnbas ies Parsi fete pected Benth ten he phon show ne Sere ie of ee Surin tay. Dust we ned oases forthe “Recon lo ote feds Gongs Bond ats (hime Heanswes atthe se fin ey en thy re doce the seta conens th wntng kt cnet. Lae ati aFsome paw cence” Yr fldnter ewe tot oan see oe So hy alo "aden tat ‘he th reenter ng” Bonds TORS Se tea lig for myer oe ha sate Sth dicoveed ms ein of El ary TIES Banos about he pons ile of Saye Mara Pel aa tcl by tame anit roe mea Eoghan he toga edie Vocabulary for Fiktnones ” Hosdnots and Fielder ome tc hm th fl wi Bland ests Pe Bl Ses aay tesa, wth downon pope bie herds thc to tlveandcnge sey id dog tance Exmogsiyy Outer apo ate teases vot achat import Oa sere sae fil ded ate dns prey ase (Dao sos ho oa le Maan pu Os brid vio Nags we sie LY Meadors byte imporae the hres ey “ong acquaintance with this village lean perceive and record aspects of thpanlcliedatnoenecheen hisny anol eos teste prvi pound nr ch hele ofae or ee (oa tN Sori lr Maa, wie orion aneter el Ste, sore arch account of er 1961-63 fldwork ia the Yoruba ‘community of Ave, Her Geldnois, aie and eters remained at home; only her dissertation and afew photographs wore with he “Wht follows, eheretore, might best br desert! as remembrances of and tefecions upon, my effort ae an atheopolos the mak ing. These are the encounter, dhe evaluations, the epsocs that ae ‘hist in memory" (Marshall 1970: 469). She rll ner ca Martin MC. Yang’ 945 casi, A Chine Villas, was writen fiom headnotes lone: In China daring 193 he dated 3 paper about hishome community which ws ltr published. Sil ec, ‘yin 194) Rah Linon invited me 1 work on pj it The Stay of Moder Chin has Caton inh caret famvopolgy 2 Columbus Unie. The puget wet eed Shoustatn nth, eed nny wig Chip tage ‘ny imagination alist comply reed sy boy ot aie tk tome my patent: broter, str: the people js ih Bovhoods ofthe ge the mart town he mares Se” LUnencaine “Fntpnores” Srinivas wrote The Remenbeed Vlg also primi from head nn fad tke Yang, but more extensively he had done exer ‘ug about Rampur (se Srinivas 1987 fr several ofthese paper) WC Mayer sed he question bout Srinivas’ book: ot tat memory een Smid” by dlan-wing and te NS the ce -poceing” the el ae, nd or ame of TERE iy ttninpupia sees. The question hs bow tay ave hed his memory “shaped” by chve other datas mach the crate Houghton meer exert, rnin te ponge werk cee. onhoon ayes, Pesta the, Ses Ter anot memory aad writen at —in the unl ove? Mayer 1978 oe Mayerisconct of oure Srinivas headnotes of 1970, his memories MHC Gon he wrote the book, were diferent fom the Headnotes eaten Ramp at th ime of hs eld work in 148 and 1952 ‘Ritneusoes of wring end thinkingabout Rampur between hese ime affected the dnote and ed to The Remenbere Vi sea of he authors in hs volume comment on the adnate finer tlsonshiy Jackson mentonsthatformany aneropol- rare agingtopral trees dhorccalorentaion make re- se addons an eyopeing experince.” Margery Wolf writes rare isin ouch quntone the iMesh and Art ‘Wa iad eatuced Taiwan, Naey Latchauts pox-feldwork Mts eva arading of aml Wedgwood Mana od idm Uieret row that preceding Luthchoss idence there Heenn consdrsextrsvely the eins between fot rasta scae ofthe whole, "bothduringand ater flor aan ee ade; Wien we review out noes we I 398, Sree onder tothe abe et.” The Field and Writing Frcknotes ae produce inthe fel, but wheres he il? Chiford ste Can one propery speaking, retord + feld note wile not Voesbalary for Feldnotes asia ‘here? Would emembered impression fist inserted 3t ‘cs home university count ab feknote?™ And what of the ine ‘lasing mumber of anthropologists who do fslwork "at home, ‘cn in their home commons? Lederman offers an answer cing “in he fel,” shesays, “ced ot involve any traveling at allt sometimes ply involves siting of enon snd of socble connection within ones own habia mi leur Heldnots tet” the Bild fmoaways writen “in the eld ‘Bt hue physi ae they? Arshropologite Bring back arity cbc fom fieldwork, including mich paper. rekon found 0 ‘efinigconsenat on what to snclde; ote anfeadings, photocopies Schivalmtria sexramic dh, evntheethmograper hero hist {Cham a feldnoie,” sated one storer of headnots)—all were con sidered feldnotes by some. Anthropologists aso bring kack phot raphe ims videotapes sud recordings, nd eecoveredJoctmen's ‘Stnany sort inching informant ters ordi. ere oar focus i on what the anthropologist writs inthe fe {What doesthe ethnographer do?™—he writes" (Geertz 17: 19) We {halldeny serach note, ldots proper, eldnore errs, text fPornals, dan, letters, ports and popes writen in the fd (€ Davie 184: 297-Jo4 Elen 1984)" We wil bil discuss 80 pe Innerviws and informant satemen, which at often tanrbed oat {uc the ld bt then become wien documents soed im wing ‘Shnogephy, Ike field produced Beldnoes. Scratch Notes For many anthropologists, sttep om fil pereption to paper is handowiten scratch note," to wie anther of Ontenbergs wel hone lass. Elen 944: 279-0, 282), Scratch notes ate ome times produced in the view of informant, while observing or elking, ‘wih hem, and somesines out o ight. ‘Willan Partridge, in Colombia Fk uncomorable carrying mote book eal in his 1973-75 esearch but wih mee wasable to record Eiatopaely tote) eefetDoetony eeLUnraceane “Fctonore pts in rom of is frsnnts Kinbaland Parsi 100952 170 a erty cated» eno pad sometimes abe wrote Fle aos ple were ulking a atother times she recourse et ne Fc omeabbrewajrings” onthe pads, Inoutdoor aaa Sol Lappsin 1938-59, Pets Plo was often atc weather fom pedcing os thn Breach ret is) Edward Nosbec, in apanin 1956-51 choosing rat 970 nea pose oweting whl the presence of ent acelin seratch notes afterward ding ong ier inne sersed himself "co goto the elt, where I hasty Jy Nownin Grog shorthand ey words ogy memory ter (ig7e-238. 17 289 uch in ps6research ong Mohawks Brooklyn and cit tea inmed ther open oteaking would not be oleate: jive samsnrcbook amy ip posted perio 6 aoe seen the br or the euthouse at Caughnawaga 2nd 1 eal As fequenly a posible, | would goto coffe sree week dn tgs seenent (3970: 19. See ao Gune so te ie ype 290), Wiliam Strevant (195) even publiahed een about bis techni of writing scratch ote = 2 Shot ong ctemonal evens be ust a tworinch pen on rr ign of pope eld together by» paperclip in Be ee er kr peek Someof Hortense Fowdermaker'sickotsin Bere ween wi ina surepeionnes (968: 175 0. 0 chnote proton is what Joc Clifford cls iron: "® paetasee ne dow 3 raeronic word o has 0630 Pani scl what smcone bas jst a8” Le might 250 acre observations or espones to questions the enograpist ae her way, Cliford observes, the ow of action sod nes ber erupted, ted to iting” For some of ck cea ological formant, iseipon daepts past aan aac ekdnates get im the way. They inerfere with what Felwork all aboot—the doing. dnc not, wy on smal ad contemporaneous «ei Ser the ovens observed or words ean iontropalog- SANZ devo (Bascom 970: 76-75 79; och 1770: 200-201: eis Galick to: #39-34 Kebben 1967: 4: Marsal Cina Pe dennabe 1694-95; Whiten #970: 35; Yeon 1970 8 tao the aypng Orenberg speaks of the pode: ne eed and expanded of ldots Deal 197 $6 Vorsbuary for Feldotes eat 1965: 4; LeChir gf: 34-35; Marsal 970: 99; Powe Inaker 1968 95; WoL 160" 24h Sertch Notes to Fieldnotes, ig, yon nn Mfr cheraceies the ring my ats Usb Rey word on» smal mk. Lt re efron, "NSisdt antneycage hey cre to me ta ‘steed te ctr nc poten coneeaons oo pi ‘va the gen phys apd esate eondon of he wr SE Tea caeets pacer hee er Ue eestor al ‘ipstnces tat was orc te aonyre whch ch ‘Ebtennonereventonk ple, Evennaw at written fhe perce fe pres 9 201 Ji Gulch in a Lebanese wile in e952, sc bie seatch ctr conjtion with hs memory f conversations trodes Felanots (fen. wou ave owt he venga eeUncen 1. ety, od a he tes wr "FARTRSISE efRie and apace tome of which ne cn eh sition nn nhc ey Tas Sc mvc he vet and my ecm thes were ible (970 ter anthropologist may handoeit fll, longest, srt oes ounermake 196699) thou ese alo wary in completeness From ve time eo another (Deas 1970: 5; Monigmann 1970 44 Wak orn) Few areas candid abou the compromises they make sete Mia muri However, ws fern a2 rom oF tae slog seo eck ae, whch mean tO ae een tnt wold have obey Spa TONES atp on ek noes. We typing up my motes en ‘Sitch nj down ny oto. ‘Titi wecoutakugh be str fhe materi fen made t Teer Sia tod tec woten be pcan which wee er ‘rete [9703 _Atucog of serch notes tobe syped plagues more antropolo- tan Rca probaly most anthropos Gee BHges 197035 eu os rodarmake 196 12. When possible some aoe teak son period ny om th feldwork location cee grocesing ther scratch note (Norbeck 1970-35, Shah cre a 'Mead comments on the psu tnt being ag 8 oR aFonly momentary: Por the fst time mtv months 3 sit pt dtc ining op notes, hich the eae em ver nc toaene.Ivumpossibe to geton theres the mater, ‘esate soft Knowiedge ht here re ges and pages of Mkt pally cooking ots wang Orme ie aos ho cee” (1997 238-99 Ft of ch tess probably the wastebasktin not coud Onze eps forse fos hen ew them ext, NOX ‘2 pours pth longer He wrote in 170 about his ld work SRAnESMy Iadwrte field noes conned of two very sim rae Mee aks ied with ype youl by eyperiten Voerblary fr Ficknots nots consisted oF fil of by 8 inches equa topos 200 ma Serpt pages. The slim notebooks contained. he bss for typing Teng accounts (197: 250. Fildnotes Proper ‘When Solon Kimball arrived in West rend in 193, i had Been delle” ita bin tht sce "would be ede i fat pile of Field ots” (1972: 18). The “lengehy accounts” brought back fom the [eld—Norbeck's 2,000 card, for exarple—ate the hit af = ‘cer with ildnots Risthisbody of desertion, acquted and record ‘lin chronological sequence, tI shal cr "Tldaotee popes ‘hough others have diferent names frie “Joura” "worbooks. “daily logs" Seratch notes precede Feldnotts, and ether forms of ‘wong the Geld are aranged around them [At the core of the mare specie fldnote recone a jours {com Margery and Arthur Wolt 1958-0 revetch in Taiwan ae | Five: by eight inch ads, "some 6o lore typed pas of what we ‘game to al G dis, or general da, These noes cle deed “escrption of funeral ceremonies, incsive interviews wth wakappy young women, lengihy explanations by villge philosophers, std ‘ambling gossip sessions among groups or pis of women and mn. Simon Gutenberg’ 1952-53 Atpo floes are simile" thicket of ethnography” Rena Lederman's New Guinea “ily Togs” wore Fmdwrite,fomhersto-pud ots, chronaogialy kept bound books: "Very often there sno clea indication of why any partar ite was deemed noteworthy atthe ime, Neither coulda ave render tel ahether wht containod in an entry complete i cl ‘Nancy Lutkchausand Robere Smith, coming across other ehinogrse her fieknotes, have foundin them te properties nd problems that Wott, Otenberg nd Lederinan acibero thir own Fllwing Mal nowikisadviee to produce "schaoti secu in which eveything is ‘rte down air observed or od” Wedgwood kept er #933" 34 eldnoter in "shit: four neatly bound notebook hat record “abet: ‘ation of duly activin, genealogies dat, faeces of ext wih Intrincleanaations,nartivedeeriptions of events ahd proces nd drerngs diagramming such things as house contraction an eh ‘rious pars ofan outiggeeanoe” (telus ehirwslnie), Among the Suye Mura Bld matrne wore “ewe typescript jours. Jot Embree contained 1.276 page ll 1,005" Ells Ebre, reportsUnexcaime “Frtoworts” Sith "wrote down what she had zon and eae and fen what she Showgh about tte ein of everyday. The jours begins on DDecunber 20.1935. and ends on November 1936. The dtfclty eS nrc familar edhe journals aator to use shor Tha eterence to ndvidals and places.” “Aon and Ona Jobrson this volume) suggest solutions tothe bcs of unevenes and pss organization that may charac iin compreinsve filter. Thy aso point out, provocatively, (hur the "imerpetve” and "scientie™ comps of comtemporary 38> “Taopology ave had lie say about de iplctions ofthc poi the ee clones that uhopoogitpeodce: "We suspect that bath humane and seni athroplogists keep thi jourals in Feighly compra way.» Open dscusion of or fldnotes ‘Big crea! more siascsHetween varies of snthropologts, “lunnsting de bases tha inks a 3 wife profesion, ‘Wherher'n handwrten bound books or typed on five-by-cg ‘anvor falbsited eyping paper Cl --se the bes eaecontent paper [Mend wou). beta corpo sequently produced, wide ranging fot ts atthe ear ofthc ethnographic eterpsse Bae Het 4-s, ak Hoisevsn 1970: 7H; Ellen gab 25; Fenton topos toy Galck 1990, 134 Honigmann 970: 42; Woot 198 Vo, Wel to a4), Exwacte fom such fedoees have Been pub iihain several books discussing fldwork (ee Boissevain 1970.75 (Candin noes 119-25; Frelich 1970: 197-98; Kimball and Parteidge ‘opp: Koblen 367.3738 43-47, 50. $354 Mitchel 1078: 101-3, oped no, ry2~té 1h, a32-4¥, Whey 1977: 90-95; Whiting and ‘Whig 97! 298299310 Feldnote Reconds Some of Jean Jacson’s anropelogcal informants contrasted eldest see running og wien athe end of exch, aye wath ita” Fortes enographer,eldnotes are" record of en Welton sours of background information, pelinary ‘eb cnalya” Data, forthe ae socologial and demographic ‘enuf onmnzele on compre eed o ik. "TJs pnt to dhe difrences indesign and use Between falda an mote specialized Red materia both the “question ren and urveyse of quantitatively ented antropologiss and the Funeats, fe historic, or taxonomies" ofthe humans Sm Voesbuliry for Feldntes, en meet Fromtheseqcna dork nots tha aropelogine prodieWorld Heath Ongeizaton form on household composition nd por. cere tonoms, and hah ad ation (Dent 1970: 95-22 ‘Siete on ages andthe Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), US Majed fr Loe we (Diamond 197: 138-39) opi notes on cRitone cde, communication, co-operatives, danes, employ vent’ uerpenonal enon avs leadership, maiige, personality ee terest and ata sok om individual commonity residents PUG oo: ao, 0; and Rovschach tess 2 comprehensive eeetorl inden sched” and an “expresive autobiographic ‘eee pander and Spindler 197: 280-12. 285, 293-93) ‘A hac Seounts explain, some Bldnote record ar envisioned in earths before fidork, and ober are developed a he [oer progrene, Lederman erflly explains the evolution of ber ly og! ekdpoes ae “typed fies” records andthe relationship ‘ean them. Her ecard, Rep according co opi sng binders ewiel sown of compen event, long snterviews, 2 household voce ature tris, dats on garden plots nd pig production, She exthangesecoune books, and systematic interviews on exchange Setwork meres, mariage, beidewealth, and mortar pret 7s wasbesecoune of Wiles Petty’ eld workin Colombia sae gece points which systematic records emerged fom fil we Seeded Some si mons after arrival in his research “Sinan, Paridge wrote Solon Kimball “Lam going to begin 2 aries) OPA Games Mer 2 Fs bin Got ; 2 fo eabaomew 8 q ‘4 es ey ACh Konia) OT Tee taped ppy Pana_tilewiews fn We dah ove Legere! chaaged affitiater Handa, wanted Suz to hear kus Ketter whisk,Se"Uinney nccepeta'1t yentetay (astforantsating 44 fren Hine’) ‘etnie't trou at ston ova tet Got Serena ts je wage pute att ko / ano vance tanh a -——rC—e at ea ee Dies rant Se See