Succeed in Cambridge English Advanced - 10 Prac

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 1
Advanced
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CAE
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Writing Supplement including sample responses
with examiner comments
Detailed JUSTIFICATION of the Answers for all key parts
of each practice test
SELF-STUDY GUIDE
NEW
2015
F ormat
WRITING SUPPLEMENT
Sample Responses for the Writing sections written by CAE candidates
followed by detailed justification of the marks awarded.
FREE DOWNLOADS:
You can download All the Sample Answers for All the Writing tasks for
Practice Tests 1-10 from our website: www.globalelt.co.uk/Cambridge-exams-CAE.html
Assessment scales
The scales which are used for marking the answers to the
Writing questions consist of the following four subscales:
1. Content:
Candidates are assessed based on how well they have fulfilled the task, and whether they have addressed
all the content points stated in the questions.
2. Communicative Achievement:
It focuses on the appropriateness of register and format for the task. Candidates are expected to show
command of the conventions of the communicative task and communicate their ideas in an effective and
convincing way, holding the target readers attention and fulfilling all communicative purposes.
3. Organisation:
Information and ideas should be adequately organised with the correct use of cohesive devices.
4. Language:
It focuses on the range of structures and vocabulary and how accurately they are used.
Candidates responses are marked on each subscale from 0 to 5.
Guidelines on Length
The number of words required for each writing task is 220-260 words and it is
clearly stated in the questions. Answers which might be too short, usually, do not
have an adequate range of language and do not include all the information that is
required for the specific task. On the other hand, very long answers, very often,
contain irrelevant information and may confuse the reader. In both cases, candidates
marks on the relevant subscales are affected in a negative way.
Spelling
US and other versions of spelling are accepted if used consistently.
Paper 2 - Writing Part 1 - Essay

The Part 1 question, which is the compulsory task, is always an Essay. Some notes on the topic, in the form of three bullet points, are
provided and candidates are required to select two of the bullet points and write their essay. They should not refer to more than two
of the points, as this will lead to the essay being less developed than required. Candidates should state which of the two points is
more important and justify their opinions.
They will also be provided with three short opinions related to the bullet points to which they can refer in order to get information
to help them develop their essay. Candidates should try and use their own words as far as possible and not copy from the texts given.
An Essay is usually written for an academic tutor or as a follow up of a discussion, panel discussion or a documentary etc. It should be
well organised, with an introduction, clear paragraphs and final conclusion and should present an opinion giving reasons to support it.
Candidates need to practise using different ways to express opinions and agree or disagree using formal language. Correct use of
appropriate linking words, as well as opening and concluding paragraphs, is essential in essay writing.
SAMPLE RESPONSES
with Examiner comments
TEST 2 - PART 1
QUESTION 1 - ESSAY
Sample Script A
MARK: 5
Everywhere we turn, nowadays we see charities beseeching the public for money. Whether in the many 'begging letters' that pop unsolicited though our mailboxes daily, or in the televised appeals for charities, headed by celebrities
trying to tug at our heart-strings .... but the question is, which charities deserve to be funded and which should be
given priority in government funding? Are sports and recreation charities more worthy a cause for example, than
health charities? This is a major dilemma that is by no means a clear-cut issue.
Let's take sports and recreation charities compared to health charities as a case in point. The former have a valid
claim to government funding. Sport and recreation help reduce stress, and keep people fit, positive and healthy. In
addition, sports and recreation centres also provide a community focal point, enriching the lives of many.
However, what good is recreation and sport if you are too unwell to participate? There is a much stronger argument,
that health is a far greater priority than sport and recreation.
Furthermore, an increasingly aged population is becoming a heavy burden on healthcare, necessitating greater funding for charities as the prevalence of Alzheimer's and cancer increase proportionally with an ageing population. Many
now are reliant on support from health charities. We have an obligation to fund these charities, in return.
I believe that the funding of health charities is the greater priority. After all, what good are health and recreation
centres if we dont have enough hospitals for people who are suffering? Without doubt, government funding must be
directed first and foremost to health charities.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
Language
Commentary
The essay clearly examines two of the points of debate, first setting out the general dilemma of government
funding with regard to charities in the introduction, before proceeding to debate the relative merits of two
given charities and the validity of their claim to government funding in the subsequent paragraphs.
The reader is left in no doubt as to the writer's belief, as to which charity is the more deserving of government
funding, due to the clear analysis of why health charities are the more deserving cause, in paragraphs 3 and 4, '..
what good is recreation and sport if you are too unwell to participate?' - (para 3) 'An increasingly aged population is
becoming a heavy burden on healthcare,' (para 4), and the strong conclusion, voicing a personal opinion
'I believe that the funding of health charities is the greater priority.'
Although personal opinions are voiced, the register is appropriately formal throughout and the arguments for specific funding of certain charities are being presented in a neutral tone: e.g This is a major dilemma that is by no means
a clear-cut issue (paragraph 1)... 'There is a much stronger argument,.. (paragraph 3).
The use of rhetorical questions, also engages the reader, helping them follow the writer's line of argument: e.g
'... but the question is, which charities deserve to be funded and which should be given priority in government funding?
(paragraph 1).
The writer's belief in health charities being more worthy of government funding, compared to sport and recreation
charities, is clearly laid out in paragraph 3: '... what good is recreation and sport if you are too unwell to participate?' and
paragraph 4: ... an increasingly aged population is becoming a heavy burden on healthcare, necessitating greater funding
for charities,' and reinforced in the conclusion: 'I believe that the funding of health charities is the greater priority.'
The essential dilemma of government funding of various charities is clearly stated in the introduction: '..the
question is, which charities deserve to be funded and which should be given priority in government funding?' before
proceeding to analyse the relative merits of two charities for government funding: 'Let's take sports and recreation charities compared to health charities as a case in point.'
The merits of funding sport and recreation charities are then analysed in paragraph 2 before the writer
launches into their opinion in the following paragraph as to why health charities are more deserving of funding,
developing the argument in the subsequent paragraph. Arguments are clearly marked with signposts such as
'however.. furthermore..' guiding the reader through the writer's viewpoint. The conclusion clearly states the
writer's opinion, 'I believe that the funding of health charities is the greater priority,' and proposes appropriate action, '. Without doubt, government funding must be directed first and foremost to health charities.
There is ample evidence throughout of a sophisticated level of vocabulary: e.g 'beseeching' and 'unsolicited' as
well as in phrases used, e.g 'tug at our heart-strings'. The use of rhetorical questions to engage the reader shows
an advanced command of language: e.g ' ... what good is recreation and sport if you are too unwell to participate?'
(paragraph 3). Overall, the language is formal and neutral in tone, but the writer also offers their personal
opinion 'I believe that ..' and uses informal devices, e. g. 'Let's take sports and recreation charities..', so the essay
is lively and engaging.
TEST 2 - PART 1
QUESTION 1 - ESSAY
MARK: 3
Sample Response B
There are many charities around. Some are deserving more of government funding than other ones. This essay will
discuss whether sport and recreation charities or health charities should to get the money.
In my opinion, there is no question that sport and recreation charities are of lesser important to health charities.
There are many people who don't do sport, so it is stupid to be giving money to them-why be wasting money that
must to be spent on more important causes?
On the other hand, everyone at some level in their lives is wanting healthcare. Few people spend thier lives without
visiting to the hospital. What's more, as people get older they are needing more help from health charities, such as
cancer charities and those concerned with ageing-related illnesses. You know, this is going to be more of a problem
as the population gets older. This is why we need more money from the government being spend on health charities.
So, in conclusion it can be seen that sports and recreation charities do not deserve to be given so much money as
health charities. I think that it is not just unuseful; it is actualy wrong to be giving money to sport and recreation
charities. I think you must to agree with me.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
Language
Commentary
Whilst the government dilemma of which charities should be funded, is clearly set out in the introduction,
as well as which charities will be addressed in the discussion, e.g. 'This essay will discuss whether sport and
recreation charities or health charities should to get the money.', the writer fails to develop their argument as
to why sport and recreation charities are of lesser importance than health charities.
The author merely gives one reason why sport charities should not be funded but makes no reference to
why recreation is not as important, compared to health. The conclusion voices a personal opinion 'I think
that it is not just unuseful, it is actualy wrong to ...' as well as offering a general viewpoint on the issue: '... in
conclusion it can be seen that sports and recreation charities do not deserve to be given so much money as health
charities.'
The introduction includes a clear definition of the essay topic and what is to be discussed, followed by a
coherent development of ideas in paragraphs 2 and 3, debating respectively the relative worthiness of sport
and recreation charities vs health charities. The essay allows the reader to easily follow the writer's train of
thought, which is clearly summed up in the conclusion.
The use of a rhetorical question: '... why be wasting money that must to be spent on more important causes?'
(paragraph 2), actively engages the reader in the debate as does the writer's device of directly addressing
the reader: 'You know, this is going to be more of a problem as the population gets older.'
The register, is however, a bit too informal, here. The often, incorrect use of grammar, whilst not impeding
understanding does not aid clarity.
The essay is clearly organised into an introduction, raising the issue of government funding to charities and
the dilemma it presents, as well as setting out the main issues to be discussed: 'This essay will discuss ..'
The issue of whether sports and recreation charities should be funded is first addressed, but not fully developed, in paragraph 2, followed by an adequately developed discussion in the subsequent paragraph as to
why health charities should be given the priority in government spending.
A strongly-defined conclusion: 'So, in conclusion it can be seen ...' draws the essay together, as well as voicing
the author's own opinion on the issue: 'I think that it is not just unuseful, it is actualy wrong to be giving money
to sport and recreation charities.'
There are frequent grammar mistakes throughout the essay, with the present continuous form being used
instead of the present simple 'Some are deserving..' 'it is stupid to be giving' and the wrong constructions of
modal forms,'should to get the money...'Money that must to be spent,' You must to agree,' as well as incorrect grammatical structures '..are of lesser importance to..'.
Phrases are also misused, the phrase 'On the other hand' being used to draw the reader's attention to an
opposing argument, without having first qualified it with the preceeding phrase, 'On the one hand..'. In addition there is quite a considerable number of misspelled words 'thier,' 'actualy,' and incorrect preposition use
'... visiting to the hospital.'
TEST 2 - PART 1
QUESTION 1 - ESSAY
MARK: 2
Sample Response C
Sport and recreation charities and health charities are both too importance. So we have to be choosing one.
The government must to decide and the problem is which, then?
So let's think about sports and recreation charities first. Well I'm doing a lot of sport and recreation and I
reckon it's a good thing. But do you think the government should pay for these charities? OK, I'm doing a lot of
sport but not everyone is like me. There's loads of people who think therefore that the government shouldn't
spend money on this kind of charity.
Let's now look at health charities, then. I think that these should be given lots of more money than sport and
recreation charities. There are too many old folks today in the population so they are needing a lot of healthcare
and so on. They are depending on health charities. I reckon this is going to get worst as the population is
getting older. And that's another thing .. with so many older folks around whose going to want sports facilities so that's a waste also spending money on sport and recreation charities.
Then there's the fact that everyone gets ill sometime-don't they? So people like you and me are going to be
wanting to use facilities funded by health charities. There are loads of illnesses being caused by ageing so when
we too get old we will need help.
In conclusion, I belief that money should be spent on health charities. Sports and recreation just are not so
important are they?
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
Language
Commentary
The content is relevant to the task but the writers ideas are not expressed in an organised way.
The dilemma of government funding with regard to two of the given charities, is addressed in the introduction, although the overall dilemma of charity funding, is not. The discussion is then developed in the following paragraphs, referring first to sport and recreational charities in paragraph 2 and then developing an
argument favouring the funding of health charities in the following 2 paragraphs. However, the validity of
funding sport and recreation is only being briefly touched upon and then only with regard to sport and not
recreation, in itself. Paragraph 4 abruptly reintroduces another argument against sport and recreation funding, repeating some of the ideas of the previous paragraph.
The register is far too informal, the reader being frequently addressed directly by the writer: 'So let's think
about ...' or 'do you think the government should ...'. There is also an overuse of informal phrases: 'O.K, ..not
everyone is like me ...'. Opposing viewpoints are too informally introduced: 'Let's now look at ...' 'Then there's
the fact that ...' rather than conventional devices such as: 'With regard to, ... moreover, furthermore..'.
The conventions of essay writing are not used well and the arguments used are limited. The writer of the
essay doesnt manage to hold the target readers attention.
Despite the clear paragraphing, the essay is not well organised and coherent. The introduction clearly introduces the types of organisation that are to be discussed, with reference to government funding, however arguments are not clearly or logically developed, such as the writer's belief that sport and recreation charities
are not as deserving of government funding as are health charities. The writer gives a personal example to illustrate this belief without clearly relating the issue to the general public: 'OK, I'm doing a lot of sport but not
everyone is like me. There's loads of people who think therefore that the government shouldn't spend money on
this kind of charity.'
There is a frequent misuse of the present continuous tense throughout-the present continuous form being
used in place of the present simple: 'So, we have to be choosing one..' 'I'm doing a lot of sport..' Vocabulary is
extremely limited and simplistic; the writer referring to 'loads of people,' and 'old folks' instead of using more
formal, advanced vocabulary such as 'the vast majority' or 'older people' respectively. Vocabulary and phrases
are also incorrectly used, e.g 'lots of more money.'
The major problem though, is the inappropriate use of an informal tone throughout, the writer frequently
addressing the reader: 'So let's think about ..., Now, let's look at ...' as well as too often use of informal phrases
e.g 'I reckon this...'.
TEST 1 - PART 2
QUESTION 3 - LETTER
MARK: 3
Sample Response A
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing in response to the advert I saw in the newspaper seeking for people to work as tour guides. I think I would
make a very good tour guide and I wish to apply for the job.
There are a number of reasons that I think I would make an ideal employee for you. I am nineteen years old and have just
completed my first year studying archaeology at the university. Although I did not grow up in this city, I really love it here
and have enjoyed getting to know the city. Now, I know it like the back of my hand, but I still have the enthusiasm of a
visitor. For this reason I think I would be very good at showing other visitors around. I have always been a sociable and
like meeting and talking with people; for example when I started university I joined five different clubs! That was a bit
much, so now I choose my three favourite which Im still active with.
I believe the highlight of our area is the history. It is a very great history and it is known extensively. There are very
many archaeological sites, which are well known, for people to see and visit and understand. Not many cities have such an
opportunity to educate visitors so much about the past.
I appreciate your attention to my letter and I hope you will consider my application. If you need any more information
please feel free to contact me. I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Register: Formal language.

Organisation:
Clearly organised into paragraphs with appropriate linking
devices.
Language:
Language of description, explanation and comparison.
Content
The LETTER must include the following information:
Age of the applicant.
Whether he/she has knowledge of the area (include a
highlight of the area).
Applicants character, his/her interests and whether
he/she gets on well with people.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
Language
Commentary
All the points covered and expanded. The candidate has provided all the information required:
I am nineteen years old and have just completed my first year studying ... and ... the highlight of our area is
the history.
The ideas are presented in clear paragraphs in a logical manner. The target reader would be informed, and
would consider the applicant.
The conventions of an application letter writing are used well. The register is formal, but some expressions
could have been expressed in a more formal way: Now, I know it like the back of my hand, but ....
The clear paragraphing also helps to hold the target readers attention.
The letter is clearly organised into paragraphs and uses some cohesive devices: Although I did not ...
For this reason I think I would be .... More linking words such as: therefore, moreover, on the one hand etc
could have been used to make the meaning even clearer.
The ideas are clearly introduced, although in the second paragraph the number of reasons are not mentioned very clearly in the sentences that follow: There are a number of reasons that I think I would ...
There is a range of relevant vocabulary which is used appropriately: I would be very good at showing other visitors
around. There is also a range of simple grammatical structures used accurately:
I think I would make a very good tour guide (use of modals)
There are a few non-impeding errors: I have always been a sociable and like meeting ... and I have always
been a sociable and like meeting.
TEST 1 - PART 2
QUESTION 3 - LETTER
MARK: 2
Sample Response B
Dear Sir or Madam,
I want to apply for the job of tour guide. I hope you will like my application. I know my local area very well because I grew
up here and I am interested in learning all about all the interesting things here. There are a lot of sites to see and good
hotels and restaurants to visit.
I get on well with people and I communicate very well with them. I am friends with everybody. I do not fight or argue with
people and I am polite with them. I am funny and I like to go to the cinema with my friends and then maybe to caf to talk
with them about things. We give each other advice. I also like to read many books and I like sometimes to make paintings.
I would like very much to have the opportunity to be a tour guide and make friendships with more people. I would make a
good tour guide because I am friendly to all the people and I am polite with them. I would help them to be comfortable and
to have nice times.
I would say the highlight of the area is all the good seafood restaurants and the seafront places to walk and sit in cafes
and eat. These are a perfect place to take a holiday and to relax. The food is very good and it is unique. The tourists can
sit outside by the sea and they can enjoy themselves.
Thank you very much for reading my letter and I hope you will think about taking me for the job of tour guide.
Yours faithfully,
--
A Letter of Application is always formal in

style unless the question explicitly states otherwise. Its purpose is to propose a candidate,
and outline his suitability, for a particular position. Description (of a persons character and
strengths), explanation and justification are
important functions in a Letter of Application.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
Language
Commentary
Not all the points mentioned in the advert have been covered (e.g. age of the applicant) and some
irrelevant information has been included: We give each other advice.
The target reader would be informed despite the lack of cohesive devices: We give each other advice. I also
like to read many books and ...
The conventions of the communicative task are not used effectively. The register and tone should be
formal but instead in most cases informal language is used: I am friends with everybody ... I want to apply for
.... This would have a negative effect on the target reader, who is the potential employer.
Organised into paragraphs, but lacking cohesion. Linking words such as: therefore, moreover, on the one
hand etc. are not used: I would make a good tour guide because I am friendly to all the people and I am polite
with them. I would help them ...
Range of vocabulary and structure is limited: I am friendly to all the people.
Vocabulary not adequate to effectively accomplish the task.
Basic structures generally accurate, but no attempt made at anything but very basic expressions:
The food is very good and it is unique. The tourists can sit outside by the sea and they can enjoy themselves.
TEST 1 - PART 2
QUESTION 4 - REVIEW
MARK: 3
Sample Response A
Film Review - Romeo and Juliet
This new film of Romeo and Juliet is a very successful adaptation of Shakespeares famous play and it does a great
job of engaging the audience with the story at all times.
The story begins with a large fight between the Capulets and the Montagues, two prestigious families in Verona,
Italy. The two protagonists of the story, Romeo and Juliet, who come from these two families fall in love, but they
later realise that their families are enemies. They are devastated, but they decide to marry and finally Romeo and
Juliet marry by Friar Lawrence. Juliets mother wants to make Juliet to marry a man named Paris but Juliet,
refuses to comply. Fr. Lawrence gives her a potion which will make her appear dead and he promises to tell Romeo.
She drinks the potion and everybody thinks she is dead. Friar Lawrences letter fails find Romeo, so he assumes
that his wife is dead and commits suicide. Later, when Juliet wakes she finds Romeo dead and kills herself.
So the film doesnt have a happy end like many Hollywood movies, but still the audience loves it!
I would wholeheartedly recommend this film to anyone who like Shakespeare and romantic love stories. It is a
classic story that still appeals to everybody even to younger audiences.
Organisation:
Clearly organised into paragraphs with appropriate linking
devices.
Language:
Language of description, explanation and opinion.
Vocabulary related to description of plot and recommendation
of a film.
Content
The REVIEW must:
Describe the plot and the characters.
Say for whom the film is suitable.
Mention any special effects or other important
characteristics of the film.
Say why you would recommend that film to somebody.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
Language
Commentary
All points covered and expanded (Describe the plot and the characters etc): The two protagonists of the
story, Romeo and Juliet ....
The target reader would be informed and interested.
The conventions of the task (review) are used effectively, holding the target readers attention.
The language is appropriate for the task - formal language since the review is addressed to the editor of a
magazine.
Clearly organised into paragraphs. The text is well organised and coherent, but more cohesive devices
should have been used especially in the second paragraph.
Adequate range of vocabulary: I would wholeheartedly recommend ...
A range of simple and some more complex grammatical structures is used: Fr. Lawrence gives her a potion
which will make her .. (the simple present tense is used to describe the plot)
A number of non-impeding errors and awkward phrases: ... have been fighting with ... ... marry by ...
make ... to.
TEST 1 - PART 2
QUESTION 4 - REVIEW
MARK: 2
Sample Response B
We all have some experience in our lives that we wish we could just forget. Have you ever though about what
would happen if the wish could come true? The movie The Eternal Sunshine of a Spotless Mind addresses just
this thought.
It is a story about a man and a woman who are in love but then split up. They have a very bad time and end up hate
each other and hurt so badly. So they decide to go in for a treatment to make them better by erasing their memories of each other totally. The movie shows us their memories as the doctors go to find them in order to erase
them. We learn about their relationship and all the things that went wrong. We see them in their memories as
they are fighting. We also see the doctors find and erasing some happy memories, that probably they would like to
keep. Then after the process has completed, they go back out into the world. They end up meeting each other
again, and guess what? They once again fall in love. After all, they are the same people and they have no bad
memories to make them frighten. Will they make the same mistakes again, or might it work if they try again?
It is a very clever movie, and a fun movie and I would highly recommend you to watch it if you get a chance.
A Review is usually written for a magazine or newspaper. Its aim is to describe and express the writers
opinion about a film, a book, etc.
Description, explanation and recommendation are
important functions in a review.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Communicative
Achievement
Content
Organisation
Language
2
2
Commentary
Too much space devoted to describing plot and not enough suggesting who the film is suitable for and why.
Characters not described adequately. The target reader would be partially informed.
Register appropriate to the task. Despite there in not clear paragraphing the text manages to hold the
target readers attention.
Not very well organised. Paragraphs present but very uneven in size.
Linking words such as: therefore, moreover, on the one hand etc could have been added.
There is a range of relevant vocabulary, but this is not always used correctly:... end up hate each other ...
The language is generally accurate but there are a few errors:
the doctors find and erasing, process has completed however they do not prevent the reader
from understanding the writers intention.
TEST 2 - PART 2
QUESTION 4 - PROPOSAL
MARK: 3
Sample Response A
The aim of this proposal is to outline what should be offered by our new career service and how it should be run.
Opening times
First of all, I think it is important to choose which hours would be open carefully. If it is open when people cannot
use it this is not helpful for anyone. The students who use it will be free to visit at the lunchtime hours and also
after classes in the evening. These times it should be open.
What it should offer

It should offer certain things to help the students inform. Information must be provided on higher education opportunities. Also it should inform about part time and temporary work opportunities. This is important because
not all the people want the same thing.
Secondly, we should have seminars by people who are following different careers so that they can tell students
what this is like. This will help students to make their decision.
Finally, we should also provide a job notice board where companies can advertise about their jobs. This will help
the students and the companies both to find what they look for.
I think if you follow these suggestions it will be a very helpful career service.
Organisation:
Clearly organised into paragraphs, possibly with headings.
Language:
Language of description, recommendation and persuasion.
Content
The PROPOSAL must:
State what service this new career office could offer.
How it could be run.
the target reader should be informed
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
Language
Commentary
All content is relevant to the task and the target reader is fully informed: I think it is important to choose
which hours would be open carefully Information must be provided on higher education opportunities
Formal language is used which is appropriate for the task. Clear paragraphing helps to hold the target
readers attention and address the points required for the task.
Well-organised, making use of headings. The ideas are clearly introduced with effective use of cohesive
devices: First of all, Secondly, etc.
Uses a range of vocabulary and simple and complex grammatical forms correctly.
There are a few non-impeding errors, e.g. to help the students inform ....
10
TEST 2 - PART 2
Dear Jackie Sandown,
QUESTION 4 - PROPOSAL
MARK: 2
Sample Response B
We have received funding to set up a new careers service. My proposal is as to what the service could offer and
how it could be run. The opening hour should be lunchtime and till 8 pm because this is when the students are free
to visit the new office.
It should provide for the students many higher education information and also part-time and temporary work
opportunities. These are all very good opportunities for students and they will be very interested in the information.
It will also be very good for them to see seminars and talks about people in different careers. They will learn about
the different careers and have an interesting time learning about that. In addition, it would be advantageous for us
to make job notice boards that companies can be used to advertise on about the jobs they want someone to do.
Student can come and read this and be helped to find a good job while the companies are helped because they find
the students.
In conclusion I think you will have a very nice careers service. The students will be helped so much by this service
and they will appreciate it so much. You should follow my proposal and everyone will be very glad.
I hope to hear from you very soon.
Sincerely,
---
The target reader(s) for a Proposal is (are) usually an employer/superior, a

college principal or a specific group of people (work colleagues etc.).
The aim of the proposal is to present some suggestions and support them
with facts, in order to persuade the reader to do something and it should
be clearly organised with headings. Candidates are expected to make recommendations and suggestions using formal language.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Communicative
Achievement
Content
Organisation
Language
Commentary
All points addressed, but there is little expansion. There is considerable borrowing from the prompt. The
target reader would be informed, however there would be a rather negative effect.
Too informal; requires formal register: You should follow my proposal and everyone will be very glad.
Some cohesive devices used, but the first paragraph is too long and it contains different ideas.
Letter form is not correct for a proposal.
A rather limited range with notable repetition.

There are a number grammatical and syntactical errors:
My proposal is as to ... They should work both for ... companies can be used to advertise.
11
TEST 3 - PART 2
QUESTION 2 - REPORT
MARK: 3
Sample Response A
Introduction
The purpose of this report is to evaluate the effect of the shopping centre on the environment and community.
Positive Points
Overall, there seem to be many positive points for the community. The shopping centre is well managed and in good
condition. It provides valuable employment and training for local people. In addition it looks attractive with good
landscaped grounds. Finally, because extra trees were planted it improved the local environment.
Negative Points
On the other hand, there are some negative effects of the mall. There is a lot of litter that is coming from the
shopping centre and its very hard to find parking space in the area since there are a lot of people visiting the shops
and the restaurants of the mall. There is also a lot of noise late at night, which is bothering the residents, and
makes it difficult to get some sleep. Other negatives is that small shops and restaurants might lose their customers
who will probably decide to go to the new shops that are in the shopping centre.
Recommendations
There are some changes that would benefit all. There should be noise limits after 10pm, and perhaps the complex
should hire people to clean the area arounf the centre. The grounds should be lit at night, to improve safety, and
also a car park should be built in the area,
Conclusion
Overall, this complex has been a positive addition to the community, in spite of some problems. If these problems
with noise, parking and litter are addressed, things will be much better.

Organisation:
Clearly organised into paragraphs with appropriate
linking devices. Headings should be included.
Language: Language of description and recommendation.
Content
The REPORT must:
state both the positive and the negative aspects
of the shopping centre
state what effect the shopping centre might have
on the local environment and the community
make some suggestions as to how the more
negative aspects could be improved
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Content
All content is relevant to the task and the target reader is fully informed: e.g. the positive and the negative
aspects of the shopping centre: Overall, there seem to be many positive points for the community.
Communicative
Achievement
The register is consistently formal appropriate for the task:

Overall, there seem to be many positive points for the community.
Organisation
The text is well organised and coherent, and uses a variety of cohesive devices paragraph headings:
On the other hand, there are ...
Language
Commentary
Acceptable, though rather limited range of structures. Generally accurate, with some awkwardness of
language: good landscaped grounds makes it difficult to get some sleep.
12
TEST 3 - PART 2
QUESTION 2 - REPORT
MARK: 2
Sample Response B
The shopping centre has many effects on the environment and community. The purpose of this report is to tell
the positive points and the negative points of the shopping centre.
There are a number of positive points. The centre is in good condition, and the landscape has been made very
well. Many extra trees have planted to improve the environment. It is like a beautiful park around the buildings.
It provides employment and training for local people and this is a great deal beneficial. There are no problems
with management as it is very well managed.
The following are the negative points. There is litter around the buildings. The shopping centre is noisy late at
night and this is annoying all the people. On the other hand it gets very crowded.
There should be a place for cars. Theys should also increase the safety issue. If you do these things, it will be
a better shopping centre for the environment and the community.
The target reader(s) for a Report is (are) usually an employer/superior,

a college principal or a specific group of people (work colleagues etc.).
The purpose of the report is to assess the present situation objectively
looking at both the good and bad points, and make some suggestions on
how to improve the situation. Candidates are expected to use formal
language and follow the writing conventions of a report, with the use of
headings where appropriate.
Examiner comments:
Subscale
Mark
Commentary
Content
Communicative
Achievement
Organisation
The text is organised into paragraphs, but there are no headings and cohesive devices, There are a lot of
short sentences with very basic grammar structures:
There should be a place for cars. Theys should also increase the safety issue.
Language
Simple basic structures. There are a number of errors:

trees have planted, a great deal beneficial
Most points addressed, but the meaning is not very clear.

The target reader would be partially informed.
The register is consistently formal but the there is lack of linking words that confuses the target reader.
13
CAE -2015-Justifications-p14-35 12/2/2014 9:51 Page 14
JUSTIFICATIONS OF THE ANSWERS

TEST 1
Part 5
Reading and Use of English Justifications

Part 2
9. Both each and every are used with singular nouns, where it is implied
that an action will happen more than once or be repeated. Each breath you
take - because you take repeated breaths.
10. in fact / in short = linking words used in order to illustrate / summarise a point.
11. exactly / precisely = adverbs of manner; usually their position is after
the verb or after the verb + object.
12. could / should = modal verbs; express suggestion / possibility / speculation
13. getting / doing = present participles that replace a first -conditional
sentence. (if we do it right ...)
14. we use some with countable plural nouns in the affirmative [whereas
any is also used with countable plural nouns but in interrogative or negative clauses].
15. actually / really = adverbs used as linking words to express reality.
16. miss out on (idiom) = to lose the chance to do something / get something / achieve something e.g. missed out on the promotion.
Part 3
Verbs
17. vary
18.
increase
19.
find
20.
absorb
21.
measure
22.
23.
believe
24.
Nouns
Adjectives
Adverbs
variety
variation
variant
varier
various
variant
variable
varied
varying
increasable
increasing
findable
unfindable
variously
varyingly
invariably
absorbent
absorbing
absorbable
unabsorbable
measurable
absorbingly
absorbedly
worldwide
worldwide
worldly
believably
unbelievably
increase
increaser
finding
finder
find
absorption
absorbability
absorber
absorbent
measurement
measure
measurer
world
worldliness
belief
believability
believer
believing
believableness
problem
believable
unbelievable
believing
problematic
increasingly
-
measurably
problematically
Part 4
25. in the habit of (expression) = if you are in the habit of doing something, you do it regularly or often.
26. have a good chance of (expression) = there is strong likelihood / possibility of doing something or of something happening
27. it goes without saying (expression) = something is so obvious that it
need not be said.
28. something strikes somebody as = has an emotional or cognitive impact upon them e.g. This behavior struck me as odd.
29. struggle + full infinitive. Let alone = much less, not to mention.
30. such + verb to be + noun + that clause = inverted clause of result,
used for emphasis.
31. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 2. some people may not know their
accounts have been raided. Identity theft is far ahead of mugging so its
not A. It cost 1.7bn in the UK but how serious it is compared to the US is
not stated so B. is not right. D is wrong because its in order to keep their
crime profile low that thieves do not empty an account.
32. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 3. Glen Hastings says its easy, you
only need to be able to read and write. Its not A because computer skills
help but they are not essential. Banks lend to people with excellent credit
records so B. is wrong. D. is wrong because he never repaid the money.
33. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 3. he re-mortgaged the property for
210,000, which he then took out of the country. Its not A. because rent
was paid in advance. Re-mortgaging a property means getting a loan,
using the property as collateral so C. is wrong. D. is wrong because he
used the teachers identity to get a loan.
34. The correct answer is A. Paragraph 6. because she felt stunned,
upset and violated and not angry or ill so it cant be B. or C. As an actress
she takes other peoples identities but she wasnt play-acting and burst
into tears so its not D.
35. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 6. concealed gadgetry was used to
steal her pin and clone her card. Its not A. as her card was copied. Its
not B. because they used it to test the limit and waited until after midnight to
use it again. The building society cancelled her card but we dont know if all
the money was taken so its not C.
36. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 8. the credit card company was
vigilant by checking the use of her card. Its not D. because the finance
company can detect not solve these cases. A. is obviously wrong and
the fact that people themselves can detect card fraud makes C. incorrect.
Part 6
37. The correct answer is B. Reviewer A says, 'Then I looked at the painting
next to it, which also showed Matisse's inherent ability to depict form and
colour, with stupendous results.' Reviewer C says, '...to create the colourful
and seemingly insouciant paintings...' 'Today it seems clearer than ever that
Matisse was, first and foremost, a supreme colourist. His use of pinks and
purples, clarets, oranges and crimsons, is more surprising and electric...'
Reviewer D says, 'Ravishing colours...'
38. The correct answer is A. '...which also showed Matisse's inherent ability to depict form and colour, with stupendous results.'
39. The correct answer is D. '...he revisited the same subjects over and
over, and he often used completed canvases as models for later ones.' 'He
used photographs of his own paintings to judge whether he was making
progress...'
40. The correct answer is C. 'Even when you compare him to that other
20th-century giant Picasso, Matisse wins the colour wars hands down
(even Picasso admitted it, once).'
Part 7
41. The correct choice is F, a general paragraph, which introduces the Marmaray Rail Tunnel Project, the audacious engineering project referred to in
the last sentence of the previous paragraph. Paragraph F. also discusses the
associated potential earthquake problem and, as the following paragraph does
not refer to geological problems, this rules out paragraphs A, C, E, and G.
42. The correct choice is B. Istanbul is divided between Europe and Asia by
the Bosphorus Strait and Paragraph B. refers to two road bridges crossing the
strait. Paragraph B. also refers to the Sultans suggestion, and in the following
paragraph the dream is becoming a reality.
43. The correct answer is D. as the last sentence in the previous paragraph
refers to traffic hell and in paragraph D we read about braving gridlock and
two overcrowded road bridges. The last sentence of paragraph D. talks about
an upgraded rail service and the first sentence of the next paragraph continues
14
this theme, also ruling out paragraphs A, C, E and G.

44. The correct choice is G, as the previous paragraph describes the process
of building the tunnel and paragraph G explains that although it (building the
tunnel) might sound straightforward, there is a problem with a geological
faultline known as the NAF. The following paragraph describes the NAF so this
rules out E, which talks about designing tunnels to withstand earthquakes.
45. The correct answer is A. because we read that earthquakes along the
NAF are common and the next paragraph continues the theme, referring to
earthquakes along the NAF as setting up a larger one.
46. The correct choice is C. because it refers to an earthquake striking Istanbul
and the following paragraph discusses the possibility of this happening.
side pubs, plus suggested routes and specific points of interest.

12. Were keen to encourage both experienced and inexperienced anglers
onto the well-stocked canal network and reservoirs.
13. Rod licences are obligatory, and can be obtained from your local post
office.
14. We can all share the delights of the canal system so please be considerate to other users.
Part 3
15. D - All of the people I admire in showbiz are very, very smart. Quite a
lot of them have been to university and benefited from it.
16. A - Doing my BA is really helping me to structure my thoughts. Its just
Part 8
helped me organise my thoughts a bit better...
47. D. Get into the festival spirit by trying out kayaking, water polo and
17. B - ... if we can make people laugh in between it softens the blow and
a variety of other water sports for free.
cushions the effect of the harder stuff we show.
48. A. The festival kicks off on May Day in Sydney Street with the
18. D - ...a drip of water can erode a rock and I think Comic Relief is beChildrens Classics parade of 4,000 children.
coming a strong and mighty drip. Weve got to keep going until the rock dis49. E. The images all illustrate life in the city of London.
solves and it will dissolve but its going to take a long time, so people have
50. C. there will also be a proms in the park an open air cinema
to stay committed.
51. D. there will also be unarmed combat displays by the Royal Marines
19. C - I went to a place called Debre Zeit where I watched this wonderful
52. A. its a good chance to pick up a potential masterpiece
care worker called Fanti visiting various people who were suffering from
53. F. a concert given by Mercury music Prize 2000 nominee Nitin
HIV. Even though these people were in immense pain, there was a lot of digSawhney
nity involved.
54. B. special storytelling afternoons for children by some of Britains
20. A - Id like to write something on my own that I feel was [is] a good
leading authors
piece of work, and the only way Im going to do that is if I have confidence
55. E. a performance by Ladysmith black Mombazo at St. Pauls Cathedral and faith in my own ability.
56. B. with human mannequin window displays at Jarrods department store.
Part 4
Listening Justifications
Task One
21. D - other institutions - indicates it is a big organization and not a vet.

We are protecting different species for future generations to enjoy, and
EXTRACT 1
this is the work of a zoo.
1. C - He was ill but didnt die. Jane says the writer had been seriously ill.
22. C - Speaker 2 now lives in sheltered housing which provides help for
Bill agrees; ...it was touch and go for a while. This means he almost
old or disabled people. Id be tempted not to leave the house at all some
didnt survive.
2. B - Ive seen quite few of his plays and this one was completely differ- days .... means that the speaker does not work. He keeps me young at
heart.. indicates the speaker is not physically young. Could also be G, but
ent.... and He really seems to be a different character to when he first
this is not the best choice because no mention is made of the dog guiding
started to write.
the man.
EXTRACT 2
23. G - the speakers life would be totally different without the animal and
3. B - Pablo says stores of the same group seemed to attract each other,
We couldnt do without each other indicate the person is dependent on the
while stores from different groups repelled each other.
animal in some way. Shes doing a job indicates that the animal is proba4. C - Pablo goes on to say that during a two-year period they tested his
theory and it was found to be correct. The Lyon Chamber of Commerce is even bly a guide dog, and the speaker blind.
24. A - I have one patient that is seriously allergic to her dog.... indicates
using the model to help entrepreneurs identify promising new premises.
the speaker is a doctor.
EXTRACT 3
5. C - Costa de la Cruz has been nicknamed the Spanish Algarve as its in 25. B - The speaker says Some people may not approve of what I do or
they may wonder how I can be so brave and we also learn that the speaker
close proximity to Portugal.
is involved in a show. A circus is the only show there to choose, and
6. B - ...more homes will be built soon however the government is being
could indeed be controversial and dangerous.
careful to preserve the natural beauty and character of the place.
Part 1
Part 2
Task Two
7. The majority of the canal system was built without the benefits of modern technology or public finance.
8. From 1790 to 1929 a large number of competing, independently owned
canals were constructed, their waterways not uniform in size and often unable to carry the larger vessels from other sections.
9. Through a series of takeovers, the various companies eventually amalgamated and created a union of canals which could form a continuous
link between Birmingham, London and other important industrial areas.
10. Natural habitats are numerous as a result of cleaner waters and the
declining industrial traffic. The hedgerows and canal banks have proved an
ideal location for a number of diverse species to thrive in this tranquil and
often unique environment.
11. Each waterway office can supply information on circular walks, water-
26. C - Were doing some wonderful things in the way of conservation and
we are linked up with satellites and with other institutions worldwide to keep
track of certain species. The value of this work cannot be underestimated.
27. H - Id be tempted not to leave the house at all some days and On
the whole, I prefer my own company.
28. G - What we could do without is people on the street coming up to us
and causing a distraction and people dont stop to think. Choice A is not
correct because it is too strong; the speaker can understand why it happens.
29. F - I have one patient who is seriously allergic to her dog but she insists on keeping it. Now that to me doesnt make any sense at all.
30. B - Its to do with years of training and experience and knowing what
you are doing. Theres no room for error in this job.
15
TEST 2
Part 2
9. just = adverb (in this case it means a little or slightly): just over
[slightly more than].
10. those refers to a plural noun [one to which reference has already been
made], in this case to the nurses who had just graduated.
11. blame sb / sth for sth else (prepositional word) = say that sb / sth is
the cause of an outcome. When someone is apportioned blame [given
blame] for something the preposition for always follows. Lots of people
were blaming recruitment freezes.... for their difficulties. In other words;
the people believed recruitment freezes caused their difficulties.
12. because / as / since are all linking words which express cause so they
introduce a clause of reason.
13. waste of money = bad / poor use of money.
14. right = adverb of manner; immediately / just.
15. unless = (if not) zero conditional if + simple present - simple present
(general fact).
16. yet / but = linking words expressing contrast. Whose turns it into a relative clause.
Part 3
Verbs
17. fail
18. convince
19.
enthuse
20.
please
21.
comprehend
22.
confuse
23.
end
24.
suspect
Nouns
Adjectives
Adverbs
failure
conviction
convincibility
convincement
convincer
enthusiasm
enthusiast
pleasure
displeasure
pleaser
pleasurability
pleasingness
infallible
convincible
convincing
unconvincing
infallibly
convincedly
convincingly
unconvincingly
enthusiastic
unenthusiastic
pleasant
pleased
pleasing
pleasurable
displeasing
displeased
pleasureful
pleasureless
comprehension incomprehensible
comprehensiveness comprehendible
incomprehensible
comprehensive
confusion
confused
confusability confusing
confusable
end
endless
ending
unending
suspect
suspicious
suspicion
suspiciousness
enthusiastically
unenthusiastically
pleasantly
displeasingly
buy (conditional without if). In case basically means if it should happen

that / in the event that.
30. idiomatic expressions: make no difference to sb = doesnt have an effect on or matter to them, keep in touch = to communicate with someone
regularly.
Part 5
31. The correct answer is B. paragraph 1. Hes still scarred and the incident had a lasting impact on me. D. is clearly wrong. Its not C. because
she knew she had to fetch a bucket of water but shock prevented it. Its
not A. because she blames herself for doing nothing, not for causing the
accident.
32. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 1. I started studying medicine but I
never really got into it. Its not A. or D. because she had given up the
course before she decided to get married. B. is incorrect because, while the
course wasnt what she expected, we dont know if it was demanding.
33. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 4. but back then, nature also supported us on a practical level. C. is wrong, as she cried because she couldnt cope. B. is incorrect (Paragraph 3) because we only know she was on
her own as a single parent. A. is incorrect because she had to bring up
three young children with very little money.
34. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 5. I had faith in it because my parents had used it. Her parents used it rather than had a homeopathy clinic,
which means C. is incorrect. D is wrong because, although homeopathy
wasnt so widely accepted it doesnt say how people felt about it. A. is
wrong because we dont know what the career prospects were.
35. The correct answer is A. Paragraph 7. I was totally out of my depth in
the beginning, which also rules out B. Its not C. as she lacked business
skills and had to teach herself the basics. We know she received a huge
rates bill but we dont know if she could afford it or not so D is incorrect.
36. The correct answer is C. paragraph 9. Ive learned you have to accept the
negative things in life and use them to move on. This means she is not insecure
and negative so B. is incorrect. D. is obviously wrong and the fact she had no
idea how to run a business back then Paragraph 7, means A. is not correct.
Part 6
comprehensibly
comprehendingly
comprehensively
confusingly
confusably
confusedly
endlessly
unendingly
suspiciously
Part 4
25. have an / (no) intention of doing something (expression) = plan on
(not plan on) doing something.
26. The verb congratulate has the following syntax: congratulate someone
on doing sth.
27. get away (phrasal verb) = escape.
28. The verb apologise is followed by the preposition for, and the latter by a
gerund. It could also be followed by a perfect gerund (having turned). In
both cases we apologise for something that has already happened before
we offer the apology.
29. in case + third person singular + past simple want + infinitive to
37. The correct answer is A, as reviewers B, C and D all make comparisons

between the King's speech and other films. Reviewer B, compares it to 'Rocky
with dysfunctional royalty. Good Will Hunting set amongst the staid pageantry and
fussy social mores of the late 30s. A film that will play and play. A prequel to The
Queen.' Reviewer C states that the themes of the King's Speech, are 'the subjects
in fact of such enduringly popular movies as Casablanca', whilst Reviewer D,
states that 'King George V1 (Colin Firth) found his own Dr. Strangelove in Lionel
Logue (Geoffrey Rush)...'
38. The correct answer is B. 'Where lies its success? Lets start with the script, by
playwright David Seidler, a model for transforming history into an approachable
blend of drama and wit. For a film about being horrendously tongue-tied, Seidlers
words are exquisitely measured, his insight as deep as it is softly spoken.'
39. The correct answer is B. 'Tom Hooper's The King's Speech, looked no more
than a well-spoken costume drama, optimistically promoted for Sunday tea-time...
But for all its pageantry, it isnt a film of grandiose pretensions. Much better than
that, it is an honest-to-goodness crowd pleaser.'
40. The correct answer is A. 'History and film buffs will delight in Seidler's the
King's Speech. Its strong historical context might deter those not falling withing
these two categories, however.'
Part 7
41. The correct choice is Paragraph G because the last sentence of the previous paragraph talks about accountability of airport staff and areas of control
and in Paragraph G, we put our lives in the hands of airline staff, particularly
pilots. Paragraph B, which refers to delays at check-in, might be considered
because the first paragraph refers to recent security changes; however, we
realise someone is speaking, I appreciate that, and nobody was introduced
16
in the first paragraph. Paragraphs D and E can be excluded for the same reason
as B.
42. The correct choice is Paragraph F, which introduces Kate North who says
flying is not all terrifying referring to the previous paragraph, the theme of
which is pilots and security. The following paragraph begins with North from
Cambridge, shes a pilot with KLM. and we know her first name from Paragraph F.
43. The correct choice is Paragraph D. It describes how North became a pilot
with KLM and in the previous paragraph she explains how it became her ambition. In the next paragraph she discusses the advantages and disadvantages
of being a pilot, which rules out paragraph E, which is about cabin crew.
44. The correct choice is Paragraph A. because the topic is the cost of pilot
training and the following paragraph continues the theme that competition for
places in flight school is fierce - despite the cost of training.
45. The correct choice is Paragraph C, which discusses the various courses.
In the previous paragraph, RAF training and undergraduate pay are discussed
and in Paragraph C, we read about various world-recognised flight training
courses in Brunel University and Oxford Aviation Training School.
46. The correct choice is Paragraph E as the previous paragraph introduces
Zoe Goldspink and describes her training and job as cabin crew. Its not B because the person speaking says I never fly anywhere unless I really have to.
Part 8
47. C. And then you really feel old as their children come along
48. E. Sometimes they are a bit resentful......We are trained to deal with such
issues though and have techniques to help us win the trust of the children
49. F. I think that you get what you give and if I give people a cheery good
morning they are going to respond in a positive way towards me
50. B. Exam results time, now thats an emotional one
51. A. Now she tries to claim commission on the royalties of every book I
have published
52. D. I sometimes wonder if Ive missed out on the traditional way of life
53. B. Ive had a few close encounters with a canine jaw or two but no
actual bites
54. C. Its not a job for the fainthearted thats for sure
55. A. I dont remember a time I didnt write but I never had aspirations to
earn a living from it
56. F. others have a thing about buses and feel obliged to overtake them
at all costs and in any situation, whether it is safe or not
Part 2
7. My background is from a family of six children from a council
estate.
8. I was interested in probation work but having left school with little
in the way of qualifications, I never thought I could do it.
9. I was a volunteer for the St. Johns Ambulance Service, the Probation Service and at a residential childrens school.
10. Time management is the most important skill, especially the need
to prioritise deadlines.....
11. There is a lot of one-to-one work with offenders and this requires you
to work through both your own and their emotional barriers.
12. Of a working week, about three days are spent in the office with the remainder split between prison and being in court.
13. The worst thing is that the job is generally very pressured and there are
times when you have to engage with people that have committed crimes
that involve domestic violence.
14. I liaise with the courts which is basically providing guidance on the
best sentence for people to be given.
Part 3
15. B - Despite girls consistently outperforming boys at GCSE, A level and
Degree, findings show that within three years of graduating women are still
earning less than men.
16. A - The governments response in schools is being praised by most,
and involves introducing new schemes to give young girls [a] better understanding of the wider choice of careers available to them, but there is still
room for improvement.
17. D - This policy will only reduce the available woman-power in these
lower paid jobs. What we have to do is revalue the kind of work that women
are doing such as cleaning, catering and caring for others - weve got to
value it more highly.
18. B - Mothers who returned to their previous jobs as part-timers quickly
fell behind their male colleagues financially, and those that entered new jobs
on a part-time basis did even worse.
19. A - Currently many companies still conform to stuffed shirt policies
that have no openings for part-time workers in senior positions. This is forcing a large workforce of highly skilled and qualified women with young children out of the boardroom, because they cannot deliver a 40-plus-hour
week, and into jobs below their capabilities.
20. C - The whole system still needs further reform if women are to have
equal rights in the workplace and be able to bring up a family too.
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
Part 4
1. B - His colleagues complaints have created a very negative atmosphere.

The mans tried to speak to his colleague about it but now his colleague just
thinks hes trying to be the boss favourite.
2. A - She says I do suspect youve gone about trying to solve it in a way
that cast you .... as a bit of a self-important bore. Why dont two or three of
you put your complaints to your boss in a fair and constructive way?
Task One
EXTRACT 2
3. C - Janet says Im glad you persuaded me to go to the recruitment fair.
It was nothing like I thought it would be.
4. B - One of the employees Paul spoke to there passed on his CV to the
marketing and business development manager and a week later he was invited for an interview.
EXTRACT 3
5. C. ... its a career where you can achieve promotion very quickly.
6. A - The woman says youve got to be out of your mind to want to work
with dangerous people like that, plus I wouldnt have the courage to face violent criminals.
21. F - We are the people that actually organise and lay out all the facts and
figures coherently. They wouldnt even remember half of what was said if we
didnt record it for them. These are secretarial duties.
22. B - The speaker is the new person, kind of on the lowest rung on the
ladder and is not yet qualified, which would describe an apprentice.
23. D - I run a tight ship and the secret is not to allow time wasting. This
statement indicates the speaker is managing others.
24. H - I still maintain a routine in my life, The working environment is so
different from my day and I escaped the technological rat-race just in
time all indicate that the speaker is no longer working.
25. A - I have to deal with everyone in the company to some extent and
Being the first face they see, I try to be cheerful even if Im not feeling on
top form both describe the job of a receptionist who must greet people at
the door.
Task Two
26. D - I suppose I could earn a small fortune blackmailing the many
bosses Ive had over the years.
17
27. G - One thing Ive learned quickly is never offer to make coffee. In
many businesses there is a ritual where everyone waits hours for the first
person to say, Who wants coffee? That person then finds themselves in
the kitchen for the rest of the day working as a junior catering manager. I
should know, it happened to me when I first started here. Being the new person leaves you vulnerable, especially as Im kind of on the lowest rung on
the ladder.
28. A - The only reason people have so many meetings is that they are the
one time you can get away from your work, your phone or your customers.
29. H - I believe that the best way to approach work is to write a list at the
end of each day of what has to be achieved the next day. Then, get the most
important jobs done first.
30. C - People at the bottom are also easily upset. Helping them do their
job is only going to be appreciated if you are the undisputed master of what
they are trying to do.
TEST 3
Part 4
25. When the verbs believe, consider, expect, know, say, suppose and their
synonyms, like the verb repute in this particular case, are used in the passive form, they are then followed by to + infinitive
26. The change of word class (from verb to noun phrase) is a common
technique to paraphrase a sentence / take sb by surprise = (idiomatic expression) surprise sb.
27. When something is of the utmost importance, it is extremely important.
of the utmost importance is normally followed by a that-clause and the
subjunctive.
28. We use inversion in the beginning of the sentence with particular adverbial expressions such as : under no circumstances, on no account / occasion, in no way etc. Inversion is used for emphasis.
29. We use inversion with particular words and expressions such as only
after, only when, not until etc.
30. be in the mood for (doing) sth (idiom) = want to do / experience sth
Part 5
31.The correct answer is D. Paragraph 1. Hey Tracey, lets climb a mountain and the idea was firmly planted in their minds. A. and B. are obvi9. [to be] taken with sth / sb = attracted to or impressed by (phrasal verb)
ously wrong. Traceys domestic circumstances may make the idea sound
sth / sb.
unrealistic but the decision was impulsive so C. is incorrect.
10. such as is used for introducing examples (Rome, Venice and Milan)
32. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 2. our first hurdle was raising
11. behind = adverb of place. To lag behind sth / sb is a phrasal verb
3,000 each..... organising a ball for 150 people, going carol singing and
which means to fail to achieve as much as sth / sb, or to not have prorunning a school disco. C. is clearly wrong. Although they went carol
gressed as quickly and as far as sth / sb.
singing, we dont know about joining a choir, so D cant be chosen. Tracey
12. Although / While are linking words expressing contrast
was three stone overweight and hired a personal trainer but were not told
13. thanks to / due to are linking words expressing cause and therefore,
about having to be a specific weight so A. is incorrect.
they introduce a reason clause.
33. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 3. In fact, we were the practical
14. the previous sentence mentions the areas several selling points. This
ones and Siobhan became like a mother hen. A. B. and D. are not corsentence goes on to describe the first of those selling points.
rect as the age gap didnt matter.
15. only / just = adverb (here used to emphasise how small something is 34. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 5. after six hours I passed out. I
in this case the distance between the village of San Donato and the beach).
had altitude sickness really badly and a porter had to lead me back down
16. Few is used with countable nouns, whereas little is used with uncountand I was crying because I hadnt made it.. This means A. cant be right.
ables. Also, the difference between few and a few is that few has a negative
D is obviously wrong. She was emotional as Siobhan came back so C. is
meaning(= not many) while a few has a positive one, meaning some.
incorrect.
35. The correct answer is A. Paragraph 5. Even though I hadnt made it to
Part 3
the top, I didnt feel like Id failed. I realised Id achieved something, which
Verbs
Nouns
Adjectives Adverbs
means C. is not correct. B. is not correct as she wanted to welcome Siob17. spectacle
spectacular
spectacularly
han back. She makes no comment about the experience so D. is not correct.
exception
exceptional
exceptionally
18. except
36. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 6. It made me realise you dont
favour
favourable
favourably
19. favour
have to put up with situations you do have a choice. There are infinite opfavouritism
favourite
favouringly
portunities out there....I feel now that Im really living, all inspirational language.
Part 2
favourer
20.
forget
forgetfulness
21.
forgetter
reality
22.
rely
reliance
reliability
23.
comfort
comfort
discomfort
favouring
unfavourable
unforgettable
forgetful
forgettable
real
realistic
unrealistic
unreliable
reliable
reliant
uncomfortable
comforting
comfortlessness comfortless
24.
legalise
legalism
legality
legacy
legalisation
legal
illegal
Part 6
unforgettably
forgetfully
really
realistically
unrealistically
reliably
unreliably
comfortably
uncomfortably
37.The correct answer is D. 'Minor resemblances between this novel by Ian

McEwan and Henry Jamess What Maisie Knew have already been noticed
and are of some interest.
38.The correct answer is A. 'The opening is almost perversely ungripping.
Instead of the expected sharpness of focus, the first 70 or so pages are a
lengthy summary of shifting impressions.'
39.The correct answer is D. 'McEwans new novel, which strikes me as
easily his finest...'
40.The correct answer is B. 'As in so many earlier McEwan novels, this
shocking event will expose psychological fault lines running through his
characters' lives and force them to confront a series of moral choices.'
comfortingly
comfortlessly
Part 7
legally
illegally
41. The correct choice is Paragraph C because the last sentence of the previous paragraph talks about a landscape and the opening sentence of Paragraph
C continues the description of the same landscape. .... Above us hang the
purple flowers of jacaranda trees.
18
42. The correct choice is Paragraph F because it comes as an answer to the

question of the previous paragraph: But what is it that draws people to cities
like bees to pollen?
43. The correct choice is Paragraph D. The last sentence of the paragraph:
... the natural harbour that Alexander the Great saw in 331 B.C. refers to the
harbour which is also mentioned in the following paragraph: ... currents running west to east would keep the port navigable ...
44. The correct choice is Paragraph A. The paragraph that comes after paragraph A refers to the lighthouse: In the 14th century it (the lighthouse) collapsed during an earthquake... which is also mentioned in the last part of
paragraph A: Fires, reflected in mirrors on top of the lighthouse ...
45. The correct choice is Paragraph E. The paragraph that comes after paragraph E refers to Alexandria library: A building was constructed in 3200 B.C.
to house a collection of Egyptian papyrus scrolls ... an it is also mentioned
in paragraph E: Also buried here in a site yet to be located is the famous
Alexandria library ...
46. The correct choice is Paragraph G. The paragraph that comes before paragraph G refers to the project of building the new Alexandria library: The new
library, he says ... which is also mentioned in the paragraph G: ... are cooperating with the Egyptian government to finance a new 200-million dollar
Alexandria library...
buying abroad ...

9. A better climate remains the main reason, with more than half of the
nearly 2,000 people questioned giving that as their principal reason for buying overseas.
10. ... while the low interest rate environment has allowed other prospective property purchasers to take advantage of relatively cheap borrowing.
11. Despite the increased interest in eastern European countries, they still
remain a target for a minority, with only 7 per cent choosing such destinations.
12. People like Bulgaria because it ...... boasts the cheapest property prices
in Europe.
13. Generally, it tends to work better if you want a holiday home rather than
an investment .....
14. ..... a lot of people dont realise that tax and inheritance laws are different abroad.
Part 3
15. B - Id already studied skating technique as demonstrated by the muffled-up skaters in the paintings of Averkamp and Brueghal.
16. D - Well actually it was more skids and tumbles, but with a bit of practice on the local duck pond I mastered a rough approximation of the classic
skate pose.
Part 8
17. D - Pretty much the whole country closes down while everyone takes
47. C. people from all walks of life are coming together and forging some- to the ice. Kids traditionally demand ice time, but then so do all the adults!
thing new.
18. C - If you explore the frozen canals of the Netherlands youll enter the
48. E. The landscape is unmarred by human construction.
wonderful, romantic world of the authentic, traditional Netherlands - a coun49. D. appropriate clothing and footwear is essential.
try of hidden farmyards, lazy cattle and interesting locals who look as
50. A. The area has been largely cleared of land mines but its probably
though they are from another era.
best to stick to the main paths.
19. A - Never skate alone, or away from other skaters, and always stick to
51. D. this expedition stays in rural villages and homes to get a better un- recognised routes where the ice has been checked for strength. Avoid ice
derstanding of how modern and traditional India strive to co-exist.
under bridges, near to factory outflows, under trees or close to locks. Fields
52. C. many felt the change to democratic government would spell deflooded to make outdoor rinks provide the safest place to learn on...and for
cline. That simply hasnt happened.
goodness sake keep warm.
53. A. it was subsequently maintained and enlarged by many different kings.
20. C - Conrad has a lot of knowledge about skating and provides useful in54. F. three masts tower above the handsome tall ship and sails ripple
formation for the amateurs or complete novices. He seems confident about
into action as she sets off.
safety, but also realistic.
55. B. the parks stock of large mammals had fallen by 95%.
Part 4
56. E. this is an unusual and rewarding trip to a wilderness in Europe.
Task One
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
1. C - Bob Aldridge is a former British Airways chief executive.
2. A - Air travellers should pay the full environmental costs of their journey
to make the industry sustainable.
EXTRACT 2
3. B - I was always extremely careful, plus it seems that believing the best
about a place and its people is often the very thing that helps keep you safe.
4. B - I was fascinated by the whole event so I didnt really have time to
freak out.
EXTRACT 3
5. C - Its more important to me that I have images to keep that reflect my
own personal experience of the places.
6. A - If you just wanted to take snaps you would only need one of the
smaller size digital cameras. and You dont need a big bulky film camera
these days to get a professional image.
Part 2
7. Around 800,000 British households now own a second home abroad,
up by 15 percent since June 2004, according to research published this
week.
8. The boom has been fuelled by television programmes about people
21. F - The speaker has worked at the Sydney Harbour Bridge for many
years and knows it very well.
22. A - Their friend questions why they have been back to Iceland so many
times, the friend thinks surely the speaker has recorded everything there is
to know about the place already. One could not rule out that the speaker is a
casual tourist, enthusiastic in the extreme about Iceland, but they are certainly not an adventure tourist; therefore the most suitable option remaining
is A.
23. D - Speaker 3 is in Columbia, they thought they would just be sipping
coffee. But little did they know they would be whisked along a cable above
the coffee plantations. They didnt go with the intention of seeking out adventure, but they did find adventure on their holiday; therefore, the speaker
is an adventure tourist by accident.
24. H - I had a few hours in between flying back to the UK and I thought Id
pop over to see the joys of Venice. My family had flown out for a few days
and Id met up with them while I was off duty.
25. C - I could think of nobody better qualified to teach me how to prepare
this delicacy and I had another delicacy to pass on to my customers back
home are clues that he is a professional chef.
Task Two
26. D - stomach-churning views of the harbour.
27. C - I do love it there. Or should I strive to go somewhere new every time I
19
go away now so that I really broaden my horizons? Well see.

28. G - ... I wondered how safe the clips were. They assured me that
everything was fine ....
29. H - As soon as we disembarked, Joe stamped his foot on the pavement and his younger sister looked up at me expectantly. There you go,
safe as houses. I said. They seemed reassured ...
30. A - How could a dog find truffles buried in the ground, especially in
such a dense forest with so much thick vegetation on the ground?.....But
my doubts were proved to be unfounded. Kiki certainly was the canine king
of truffle hunting.
29. shed (some) light on sth (expression) = make sth clearer to understand, or provide a reason for why something has happened
30. come to a conclusion that (expression) = conclude / decide / form the
opinion that
Part 5
31.The correct answer is D. Paragraph 1. I was really chuffed and quite

taken aback, which means A. cant be right. She mentions shes been
showered with accolades but without any hint of arrogance, so B. is incorrect. Its not D. as she had to explain to people what it meant.
32. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 2. At which he just presumed I
meant a dress by some top fashion designer and then when she appears in
university gown he asks, Where did you get that from?. C. is obviReading and Use of English Justifications the
ously wrong. Its not A. as, in her opinion, he merely assumed she wanted
Part 2
to change into a dress by a top fashion designer. He may have caused of9. making = present participle which replaces a relative clause.
fence but theres nothing to suggest it was deliberate so B. is not correct.
10. could have died = past modal which expresses possibility in the past
33. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 2. Its not so much about a re11. without = preposition; if you cannot do something without doing somegional accent, its more a class thing. Its not A. or C. because the point is
thing else, it means you have to do both things at the same time. In this
people assume your dad must have pulled a few strings if people from her
case, when she thinks about her actions, she cringes at the same time.
background attend a good university. Its not D. as in her opinion, You
12. Who = it is a relative pronoun which refers to people
never know what you might miss out on if you dismiss somebody.
13. out of (all) proportion = of exaggerated importance; of an unrealistic
34. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 4. I have received some cracking
importance or size compared to something else
letters this week. One from Africa an ex-mercenary putting me straight.
14. ourselves is a reflexive pronoun used after the verb torture for emphaWe only know the letter describes the whole history of the mercenaries
sis or in order to show that the subject did something on its own. You torand the reason he wrote was to put her straight so A, C. and D. cant be
ture sb; in this case the somebody is yourself; therefore, we torture
right.
ourselves.
35. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 4. theres a timelessness about
15. such is used before noun groups for emphasis. such agony implies it
them, where the thoughts hang in space and then you have time to deal with
caused a lot of agony or severe agony.
these thoughts. B. is obviously wrong and sophistication is only referred
16. as if is a conjunction; Its as if means it appears/seems to be the case
to when describing the letter from the ex mercenary, so A. is not correct. D.
that
is incorrect as her point is that letters give you time to think, especially in
terms of an argument.
Part 3
36. The correct answer is A. Paragraph 6. but not as half as big a smile as
Verbs
Nouns
Adjectives Adverbs
the letter I received last Friday, which invited her to accept an honorary
appearance
apparent
apparently
17. appear
doctorate. This rules out D. Its not B. as the apology relates to her not redisappear
disappearance unapparent
ceiving a previous letter. Shes amused because the cats letter was cute
acceptance
acceptable
acceptably
18. accept
not because of the idea of her cat getting a letter.
TEST 4
19.
formalise
20.
indicate
21.
22.
23.
interact
-
24.
accepter
informality
formality
formalisation
formalism
indication
indicator
unacceptable
formal
informal
indicative
indicatory
indictable
ritual
ritualistic
interaction
interactive
courtesy
courteous
discourteousness discourteous
courteousness
laziness
lazy
Part 6
formally
informally
37. The correct choice is A. 'I first saw Venice in June 1984. It was a sewer.'
'I also fled the hordes for an Orient-Express train through the quiet Tyrol.'
38. The correct choice is B. '...I spent 12 days in Venice for Christmas and
New Year and we revelled in the absence of ostentatious decorations that are
unfortunately, so common, back home.'
39. The correct choice is B. '...its the light that seduces you every time and
makes you feel so very alive.'
40. The correct choice is C. 'Venice at Christmas is surprisingly lacking the
tourist crowds.'
indicatively
ritually
interactively
courteously
discourteously
Part 7
lazily
Part 4
25. make a good (bad) impression on sb (expression) = impress sb (or
[bad] leave them unimpressed with you)
26. be in the mood to do sth (idiom) = having the proper state of mind for
a particular situation or for doing something, or simply wanting to do something / experience something
27. the change of word class (from verb to noun phrase) is a common
technique to paraphrase a sentence
28. be subject to someone or something (expression) = be affected by
someone or something.
41. The correct choice is G, as the theme of the previous paragraph is penguins and laboratory investigations and this is continued in paragraph G.
Take part in an experiment on mood....you will be shown a video of penguins. Also in paragraph G. laboratory experiments to investigate what
moods are, points towards an explanation which begins the following paragraph.
42. The correct choice is F. In the previous paragraph we learn we have a
tendency to notice the negative feelings. Paragraph F. re-iterates this point
at the beginning but moves to moods in general to lead into the following
paragraph. Paragraph A. could be considered because it generally adds to
the point made at the end of the previous paragraph about feeling good but
a key point of the previous paragraph is that we are happier than we tend to
20
think and in A. the ramifications dont follow this theme accurately.

43. The correct choice is C. In the previous paragraph we are told that anxiety narrows our attention span and in paragraph C. were informed that it
takes us longer to read a word associated with our anxieties. Also, the following paragraph continues the theme of thought processes referred to at
the end of Paragraph C.
44. The correct choice is A. The previous paragraph makes the point that
its hard to shake off a bad mood and Paragraph A. explains the ramifications of this in terms of job interviewers. Paragraph D. might be considered
as it deals with anger which is also in the previous paragraph. However,
fuming with anger is used as an example to show how moods affect people mentally, and this is developed further in Paragraph A, whereas a physical reaction results from the anger in Paragraph D. making it the incorrect
choice.
45. The correct choice is E. because the previous paragraph begins with a
definition of hope and makes the point that hopeful people are more successful. Paragraph E continues on this theme by giving a reason why
hopeful people succeed.
46. The correct choice is D. The previous paragraph describes anger as
beneficial, having a communicative purpose and paragraph D. begins with
an added benefit Also, anger readies our bodies for attack.....that might
prove essential in a fight.
10. The Grammar School Association estimates that 75,000 children annually sit the 11-plus for only 20,000 places.
11. ... children from disadvantaged backgrounds are less likely to go to
grammar schools than their more affluent peers, even if they are just as
clever.
12. ... just 2 percent of pupils attending grammar schools are entitled to
free school meals, compared with 12 percent at other secondary schools in
those areas.
13. One web-based tutoring service offers a 91-hour course costing 1,365
with an additional 285 for materials.
14. Tutors offer contradictory advice about the suitability of courses as
preparation for the 11-plus.
Part 3
15. C. There have been many versions of childhood in fact and fiction, and
I dare say therell be many more.
16. D. So those cheeky little scamps I saw challenging each other to throw
their school bags on top of a bus-stop must have been a figment of my
imagination.
17. A. Many reach adolescence with poor attention spans and self-control
and a distinct lack of empathy for the people around them.
18. C. Instead many of our children have developed a taste for unhealthy
food, a couch-potato lifestyle and have related problems with sleeping.
Part 8
19. D. Moral guidance has suffered as societies have become increasingly
47. F. Some people will try to use words that disguise their true motives. confused, while children are constantly exposed to manipulative advertising
48. D. Youve been cornered into dealing with tedious people.
and the excesses of celebrity culture.
49. A. too many words can weaken even the strongest argument.
20. B. Since parents are terrified by media hysteria about stranger danger
50. D. certainly dont feel you have to provide instant solutions if youre
.... they also need information about the real dangers from which children
suddenly offered an ultimatum.
should be protected - for instance, TVs and other technological parapherna51. B. dont allow anyone to question how much youre spending on yourself. lia in their bedrooms.
52. A. focus on a one-to-one relationship thats suffering from neglect.
53. E. to make the most of whats coming your way, youll have to be flexi- Part 4
Task One
ble about existing arrangements.
21. E - The speakers hours change depending on whats happening in
54. C. Youll develop an air of optimism. Just remember to take a reality
the world on a particular day and I enjoy presenting the facts in an
check.
honest and unbiased way. That involves a lot of research and a lot of
55. C. Most people are wary of offers that seem too good to be true.
time out at events and incidents and these things are characteristic of a
56. F. you are well overdue a refuelling session.
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
1. B - ... it really suits his character as its such a serene and isolated place
and yet theres a really warm community spirit
2. C - They thought it was hilarious, watching us panting behind them.
EXTRACT 2
3. C - You always got away with murder because you were the baby of the
family, I was just better behaved than you and blaming stuff on us when
you were about to get caught are all examples of ways siblings would talk
to each other.
4. A - The man jokes with the woman and asks where is her degree if she is
so smart.
EXTRACT 3
journalist.
22. C - I prided myself on my creativity and the fact that my work directly increased the turnover and status of the companies I promoted.
23. H - Stooping down, straining my back, carrying heavy equipment
every day. And because I have bills to pay I do a manual, boring job.
The only manual work to choose is that of a cleaner.
24. A - In my job there is an element of danger and so there has to be
discipline and order.... The police officers is the only job that would be
described this way; the others are not at all dangerous.
25. F - Im in the office at the crack of dawn until early evening, dealing
with branches all over the world and ...the world of finance never really stops for a break so we know the job has to do with money.
Choice G would also have to do with money, but would not be dealing
with other branches.
Task Two
5. A - Brian has proposed which means they are now engaged to be married. 26. D. And the people who are working too hard are not the poor masses,
6. B - Paul says that Jenny needs to look on the bright side.
they are the corporate lawyers in air-conditioned offices; the senior people
who manage their own working hours.
Part 2
27. G. I did it because I was passionate about my work, and commanding
7. Experts also say over-tutoring does not significantly help.
good money, and thats a heady thing to resist.
8. These schools admit to receiving on average, five applications for every 28. A. Maybe a managing director lives to work, but I am working to live. If
place.
he is a workaholic, it is because he loves his job .... If he works too much it
9. Dr Mike Walker, headmaster of a grammar school in Chelmsford said that is out of choice; if I work too much it is out of necessity.
the nature of 11-plus type exams requires accuracy at speed, and with un- 29. B. I believe we all have a need to be a functioning part of society...But
predictable questions ....
there is a line between a committed, contributing and conscientious worker
21
and somebody who really doesnt know when to put his pen down and go
home.
30. E. I also find the Brits mix work and socialising to a far greater extent
than we do in the States. Here, you cant get going on a Monday morning
unless you first ask about peoples weekends. Americans tend not to engage in that kind of nicety.
30. have the tendency to do sth (expression) = have an inclination to do

sth; tend to do sth, do sth more often than not.
Part 5
TEST 5
Part 2
9. other refers to the second of two people or things when the first one
has already mentioned or implied. In this case, the second leg.
10. what is used to refer to a situation that is unknown or has not been
specified.In this case, the thing that he was expecting has not been specified.
11. awake(n) from / after something = to wake up from something, such
as a dream or a deep sleep. awake from / after a nap = wake up after a
short sleep
12. as if is a conjunction used here with the meaning; in the same way that
it would be if
13. or is a conjunction used to indicate an alternative, usually only before
the last term of a series
14. somebody / someone are indefinite pronouns referring to a person
who is not familiar with us
15. look into (phrasal verb) = investigate
16. make / find your way (somewhere) (idiom) = to move towards a particular place/point - if you have made or found your way somewhere, you
have reached that particular place/point.
Part 3
Verbs
17. 18.
predict
19.
widen
20.
fascinate
21.
22.
Nouns
Adjectives
Adverbs
serenity
serenitude
serene
serenely
unpredictability predictable
prediction
unpredictable
predictability predictive
predictiveness
predictor
predictableness
width
wide
widener
fascination
fascinating
fascinative
awareness
aware
unawareness unaware
coast
coastal
bicoastal
urbanisation urban
fragility
fragile
fragileness
predictably
unpredictably
predictively
widely
fascinatingly
fascinatedly
coastally
31. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 1. We gather from the text that she
has a tolerant approach to the animals, has developed an understanding
with them and gets a buzz in the morning when gorillas look at her.
32. The correct answer is B. paragraph 2. I had this unbelievable feeling.
Im in the same country as wild gorillas. I was overwhelmed. It was her
first time to visit Cameroon so A. is wrong. It felt like coming home so
she must know what its like to feel at home making D. incorrect. Relatives
are not mentioned so C. is not correct.
33. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 4. were eating our kin. As far as
Im concerned its cannibalism. A. is obviously wrong. Its not B, as there
is a 0.6% difference in DNA between us and them. Spain proposes
human rights for primates so C. is incorrect.
34. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 5. Food is really basic we havent
the money to buy luxuries. D. is obviously wrong. A. is not correct because
she eats leaves not as part of her diet but to show infants how to survive. Its modest because they havent the money so B. is incorrect.
35. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 6. The only way to stop this
slaughter is to stop the people at the top. B. is wrong as future is only inferred in relation to stopping people at the top. Plastering over a problem
doesnt mean the work is pointless so A is incorrect and as it implies theyre
not eliminating the worst problems D. is incorrect.
36. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 7. Its humbling that humans have
done this to them and theyll turn round and put trust in us again. C. is obviously wrong. As she feels she must be the one to support them, A. is incorrect. We dont know why she was crying so D is not correct.
Part 6
37. The correct choice is D. '...the finest achievement yet from Muti and the
Chicago Symphony Orchestra, even surpassing the Othello performances of two
years ago.'
38. The correct choice is B. 'With all the hype and media attention...one wondered
if there was any conceivable way the actual performance could transcend all the
relentless build-up. Riccardo Muti is not a musician to fail to deliver on high
expectations...' 'The concert...provided a terrific exemplar to the world of the remarkable partnership of Muti and the Chicago musicians, with this riveting and
combustible performance...'
39. The correct choice is A. 'The performance, which had had a relatively low-key
build-up...'
40. The correct choice is B. 'The concert, which was streamed live and free on
the Internet...'
Part 7
41. The correct choice is D. The first paragraph argues that mans dominance
has only emerged in the comparatively recent past and that the game country
23. urbanise
of Kenya puts this into context. The context is explained in Paragraph D. In
24. fragilise
Kenyas game country, man is not yet the dominant animal. The last sentence of
Paragraph D. gives the numbers of giraffes, rhinos and lions counted in 1905 and
by comparison, the numbers of these same animals that exist today appear in the
Part 4
next paragraph.
25. there is little chance of sbs doing sth (expression) = it is not likely to
42. The correct choice is G. because in the previous paragraph he was hoping
happen
to see elephants and Paragraph G. begins with him explaining why - because
26. lose no time in doing sth (expression) = do sth as quickly as possible
he finds elephants the most interesting animals to observe. Paragraph G. also
27. such + verb + noun (noun phrase) + that clause
points out that Stories of elephants are legion and the following paragraph re28. we use inversion in the beginning of the sentence with particular adverlates some of these stories.
bial expressions such as: under no circumstances, on no account / occa43. The correct choice is F. as it continues the previous point that, although elesion, in no way etc.
phants are in some ways the most interesting, there is a tragic side to the
29. end up doing something (phrasal verb) = do a thing or get into a state
story in that a century ago they were masters of the land. That was then, and
even though you did not originally intend to.
the following paragraph points out that now pressure on elephant land is in-
22
creasing and outlines the threats and changes that are taking place which are
the cause of this problem.
44. The correct answer is A. The previous paragraph concludes that Things
must change and Paragraph A. introduces a key change as the starting of
Kenyas wildlife sanctuaries. Also in Paragraph A. he describes a vision for the
preservation of the natural environment in our rushing, modern world and the
first sentence of the next paragraph continues on this theme with the advice that
Above all the pace at which we disturb the natural environment must slow
down.
45. The correct choice is B, which begins by saying that Since life began the
environment has been adjusting to change. This follows on from the point in the
last sentence of the previous paragraph that the environment must be given time
to recover from even well-controlled change. Paragraph B. ends with the moral
squalor of the ivory trade and the next paragraph comments on human greed
being out of control to continue the point.
46. The correct choice is E. In the paragraph before E., we read that it is
our privilege to see the glory of Kenya first hand and Paragraph E. elaborates on how we should make the most of this privilege. At the end of Paragraph E., its argued that if you rush around with a 21st- century rhythm
you wont use this privilege to best effect and the following paragraph logically follows with the suggestion to spend more time with each animal
group as a way to best use this privilege.
Part 2
7. The marine environment is facing more problems than ever, from such
conventional threats as overfishing, pollution and coastal development.
8. Those species most in danger include the turtle, shark, Atlantic salmon
and pink coral .....
9. At present, specific areas within UK waters are protected according to
UK and EU legislation as Marine Nature Reserves or special Areas of Conservation.
10. At present, the only region in which all species and their habitats are
managed is a 3.3-square-kilometre area off the east coast of Lundy Island in
the Bristol Channel - a mere 0.002 percent of our waters.
11. Organisations such as the MCS, the British Sub-aqua Club and WWFUK are currently campaigning for the creation of a network of highly protected marine reserves.
12. Its quite clear that the current system is inadequate.
13. Not only do we need a network of protected areas, we should also
manage fisheries from the perspective of biodiversity and the health of the
ecosystem. Historically, weve always looked at these things independently,
so at the policy level, fisheries arent integrated into the planning process.
14. We need an overall strategy for marine spatial management that considers the impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems not just the stocks.
Part 3
Part 8
47. B. Holmes visited nearly every country on the planet.
48. C. a man could achieve so much and yet be so little remembered.
49. A. but I have a few niggles. It should really include Arctic plants, fish
and invertebrates.
50. F. its a huge volume that you couldnt take with you on holiday.
51. E. A careful read reveals factual errors.
52. F. subject matter covered in a manner more akin to the journals of a
Victorian chronicler.
53. D. His simple explanatory captions taken from his field notebook
are a bonus.
54. C. Their mutual interests were vital to the development of aerial photography as an integral part of modern geography.
55. D. the artists beautiful visual journey through the seasons presented in
this book.
56. B. Holmes photographed everything.
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
1. B - He ...finds it quite astounding the way that people flock through the
area to go birdwatching and yet on route they are completely oblivious to
the marvel of the birds there on the Lowlands.
2. A - Both speakers seem to know about and appreciate the starlings.
15. B - ... its a strange experience to attend a fox hunt these days.
Strange, because they seem to operate in the same way they did before the
ban.
16. D - I attend at least three hunts a week during the season, but thats out
of 200 that go out about twice a week. There is no way we can possibly
know what is going on everywhere.
17. C - Its very difficult for the police to get a successful prosecution because you have to prove intent. Trail hunting is perfectly legal, where they
draw the fox by a cover. If the hounds chase, catch and kill a fox, then in
order to prosecute, the police need not only evidence, but have to prove that
the huntsman intended this to happen.
18. B - But the magistrate found that Black had failed to shoot the fox as
soon as possible after it had been flushed, and to keep the hounds under
control.
19. B - It was always intended to be a welfare bill and Basically the aim
of the bill was to stop them being killed inhumanely.
20. A - This debate has been going on for many years, and given that there
are no hard statistics on wounding rates, and that your view on the relative
humaneness of being torn apart by dogs is bound to be subjective, its not
going to be resolved in the near future.
Part 4
Task One
21. D - We dont deal in anything illegal, as there are plenty of interesting

creatures that can be purchased without having to break the law so the
3. B - The man says there was a mess around our rubbish bins and the
speaker is involved in buying and selling animals.
woman says our bins werent touched so we know they must live in dif22. H - In my work I try to capture the essence of the animal.
ferent houses, so can not be married or flatmates.
23. B - I make a living out of wild animals in a way and Id like to think that
4. C - The woman says that burglaries have been occurring recently, but she
Im quite knowledgeable about the animals in Africa and I dont think the
couldnt see anyone. She added that luckily her cat wasnt out that night or it
tourists I escort harm the environment ....
could have been eaten. So most likely it was a wild animal.
24. E - ...the large supermarket chains who want to pay us the absolute
EXTRACT 3
minimum and where will they get their dairy products if we are put out of
5. C - The woman says that the landfill sites provide food for many species business? indicate that the speakers trade involves supplying food prodof bird. She also comments that she doesnt know if the council will opt for ucts.
incineration instead of creating more tips, but she thinks that the smoke
25. G - So I may get caught ... I was given a small fine last time and that
from the incinerators may cause more pollution than the tips do.
was it indicates it is not a legal activity, and I feel so strongly about this
6. A - Regarding the plans to build a new landfill site, the man says that hes cause ..... Im prepared to give up all my free time to protect these unfortuheard that the whole thing has been put on hold until more research can be nate creatures shows that the speaker is trying to help and not kill animals,
carried out.
so choice A may be eliminated.
EXTRACT 2
23
Task Two
Part 4
26. B - Unfortunately some people still smuggle animals into the country as
people will pay a high price for them. The fact that they are endangering
many species by doing this doesnt seem to bother them.
27. F - In my work I try to capture the essence of the animal.
28. A - If every now and then we have to shoot a threatening animal to protect our clients - well, thats the law of the jungle as they say - Im not going
to lose any sleep over it.
29. H - Everything is changing - thanks largely to the huge supermarket
chains who want to pay us the absolute minimum. After expenses theres
very little money left for us and they are on a huge profit.
30. D - If it means that I have to be in violent situations, so be it. As long as
it wakes people up to what is really going on in these places.
25. fall short of something (idiom) = to not reach an amount or standard

or goal
26. we use the structure as +adjective/adverb +as to compare two similar/ identical persons or things (comparison of equality). Nowhere is used
here to emphasise that Alan is a MUCH more competent pianist than Jenny.
27. it is a third type conditional which is inverted for emphasis. The phrase
had it not been for can be replaced by the expression but for.
28. somebody / sth strikes sb (as being) = have an emotional or cognitive
impact upon, e.g. This behavior struck me as odd. In simpler terms, if
something strikes me as ....., it appears or seems to me to be a certain
way. didnt strike me as upset = didnt seem to me to be upset.
29. it is of no consequence (expression) = it is not important / significant
30. we use matter in expressions such as a matter of time when we
emphasize the short period of time within which sth will happen. In this
case, it is only a matter of time until she loses here temper means she is
bound to lose her temper and it probably wont be long before she does. If it
is a matter of time before something happens, it is inevitable that it will happen.
TEST 6
Part 2
9. never (adverb of time) = at no time in the past
10. once (adverb of time) = at one time in the past; formerly.
11. have a go (idiom) = make an attempt at something, or try something
(out).
12. make a fool of oneself = to do something which makes someone feel
stupid/embarrassed/foolish.
13. take oneself + adverb = consider oneself (as) sth. take yourself too
seriously = think you are very important, or have a serious demeanour and
not allow yourself to have fun.
14. laugh at sb (phrasal verb) = subject sb to laughter or ridicule; tease
someone
15. After all is a linking phrase which emphasizes something to be considered;
16. turn up / show up (phrasal verb) = to make an appearance; arrive
Part 3
17.
18.
Verbs
Nouns
order
ordinate
disorder
orderliness
19.
20.
21.
locate
mislocate
dislocate
picture
-
22.
23.
24.
go
Adjectives
ordinary
extraordinary
ordered
orderless
disordered
location
local
locator
locatable
unlocatable
picture
picturesque
idiosyncracy idiosyncratic
essence
essential
unessential
perfectionism perfect
perfecter
imperfect
perfectness
perfection
perfectionist
reality
real
realistic
unrealistic
ongoing
Adverbs
orderly
disorderly
locally
picturesquely
idiosyncratically
essentially
perfectly
imperfectly
Part 5
31. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 1. I try hard not to be insulted when
people ask, after one or other of her sporting triumphs, where on earth does
she get it from? D. is not correct as she tries hard not to be insulted
when people comment on her daughter. She only mentions her daughters
enthusiasm for various sports without expressing her feelings, so A. and C.
are incorrect.
32. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 2. I was reminded just how dire
school sport was for me, which means A. and D. cant be correct. She visited the school with her daughter but she only talks about sport and doesnt
mention the purpose of the visit, so B. is incorrect.
33. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 4. Girls feel self-conscious exercising in front of people. C. is obviously wrong. Sports facilities are not mentioned so B. is not correct. The figures tell us how the girls felt but not the
level of interest so A. is not right.
34. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 4. We need to think about ways of
exercising within the school curriculum which makes sure that girls feel
comfortable, which means A. cant be right. Competition in sports is not
referred to so B. is not correct and as the role of teachers is not mentioned,
C. is incorrect.
35. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 6. She was unapologetic about the
lack of sporting facilities on offer, which means A. cant be right. B. is incorrect because once the girls excelled academically, success at sport didnt matter. The school had some sports but we dont know if the
headmistress discouraged sports so D. is not correct.
36. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 6. Following the speech by the
headmistress the writer says, My daughter sneered and whispered that she
would never go to a school that didnt take sport seriously. She didnt
speak to the headmistress so its not A. She wasnt impressed only because
the school didnt take sport seriously so its not C. She wants to leave right
away because sport was not important, not because she was intimidated so
D. is incorrect.
Part 6
really
realistically
unrealistically
-
37. The correct choice is B. 'Could Jude Law be as good in the role as
David Tennant...so far as I'm concerned, is that it's a squeaker - and that Mr
Law is just ahead on points...The company has been strangely miscast.'
38. The correct choice is A. Reviewer A does not find fault in the production,
however, Reviewer B, comments, '...Wyndham's production is not a patch
on the RSC show...' whilst Reviewer C comments that Law and the production
are not up to standard with '...a few off-key notes (more notably, in the production, itself).' Reviewer D similarly finds fault with the production, stating,
'...Grandage's speedy production...is looking just a bit over repetitive...'
24
39. The correct choice is D. 'But we have to give the contest on points, if
not quite a knockout, to Tennant.'
40. The correct choice is C. 'Law...making more compelling viewing than
Tennant, in the end.
Vinci's mural to paint his own commissioned painting without damaging Da

Vinci's.
EXTRACT 2
3. B - He says It was same old Rambo stuff really, wasnt it?.
4. A - She says I wouldnt mind buying the soundtrack.
Part 7
EXTRACT 3
41. The correct choice is D, which responds to the question asked in the
previous paragraph about gardens and art by expressing curiosity at the
small number of depictions of gardens in British art, despite the British obsession with gardens. The paragraph ends with a reference to fishing and
DIY, points taken up in the following paragraph.
42. The correct choice is G. In the previous paragraph the question where
are the major artworks is posed and Paragraph G. follows up with some
examples of favourite paintings. The first sentence of the next paragraph
states the exhibition adopts a low-key approach instead of the razzmatazz
normally associated with prestigious galleries like the Tate.
43. The correct choice is B, which expresses the view that gardens are an
escape from the rational world of work or somewhere for people to play at
being children. These impressions make perfect sense in the context of
gardens being the quiet, dreamlike places referred to in the previous paragraph.
44. The correct choice is F, which gives examples of more recent gardens
in contrast to Monets garden, referred to in the previous paragraph as being
created so long ago. A. might be considered as it begins with a reference
to Monets garden but, as Jarman is mentioned and the following paragraph refers to him by his full name, A. would not be the correct choice.
45. The correct choice is A. because the previous paragraph introduces
Derek Jarman garden and it refers to Jarmans garden in comparison to
Monets. Paragraph A. ends with a reference to the popularity of revolving
toilet seats with Japanese tourists, and the following paragraph begins with
But tourist attractions aside, to make the point about what gardens say
about artists.
46. The correct choice is C. The previous paragraph discusses a minimalist,
approach, how a single flower can fill a whole canvas or an impressionistic interpretation...where shape and form are loose and sketchy. Paragraph C. follows by contrasting this with the intricately detailed work of Sir
Stanley Spencer. The next paragraph continues with what can be inferred
about an artists character, to follow up on the messy house and untidy
garden at the end of Paragraph C.
5. C - The woman says Im completely in awe of the intrepid chaps who go

out against waves as big as a house.
6. A - The man says Your average man or woman off the street couldnt
take up sailing for a hobby ... Its an expensive pastime.
Part 2
7. A major new exhibition traces the decline of the absolute monarchy and
rise of the Enlightenment that swept through Northern Europe in the 18th
and 19th centuries, and shows how portraits reflected the revolutionary
changes of that era.
8. Called Citizens and Kings, the show at Londons Royal Academy of
Arts gathers works by artists like Goya, Ingres, Joshua Reynolds, JaquesLouis David and Thomas Gainsborough.
9. Philosophers, naturalists and poets became favoured subjects along
with the tools of their trade ...
10. According to Mary Anne Stevens, exhibition curator, the intention of
the exhibition was to survey ....'
11. The first room shows a 1789 painting of Frances Louis XVI .... Four
years later he would be executed a few months before his wife, Marie Antoinette.
12. George Washington, in a painting by Gilbert Stuart dated around 1800,
wears a sober black outfit and stands back with a large hat, quill and inkwell
for writing and two historic books in his hands.
13. Significant political changes become clear when comparing two portraits of women separated by just one year.
14. ... including the scientist James Hutton in a distinctly unglamorous pose
next to fossils and shells that signify his scientific discoveries.
Part 3
15. C - The interviewer says I am certainly no expert.

16. A - Ancient Yogis had a belief that in order for man to be in harmony
with himself and his environment, he has to integrate the body, the mind
and the spirit. For these three to be integrated, emotion, action and intelliPart 8
gence must be in balance.
47. D Bury may well live to regret their foolhardy action.
17. C - The important thing is your attitude - a big heart and a small ego.
48. F. this is an eclectic mix of treasures.
Some loose fitting clothes and a small secluded spot in your house will be
49. B. Each picture takes weeks and sometimes months.
enough for you to start with ... A four hour interval between meals is ad50. C. The seascapes are haunting and elemental while the landscapes are vised.
more reflective.
18. D - How can we know if someone really knows what they are talking
51. E. a series of paintings at the gallery depicting last years previous ex- about or if its dangerous to follow their advice? I mean, it seems to me that
hibitions.
you could do yourself a lot of damage if you dont know what you are doing
52. A. a terrain smarting from the brute force of mans misuse of it.
and there isnt a professional instructor to keep an eye on you.
53. D auctioned a major painting by LS. Lowry so as to cover a 10 mil- 19. B - ... practising yoga, breathing and meditation exercises at night
lion shortfall.
helps induce a deep, restful sleep.
54. B. cave paintings and images from Jain temples inspired him.
20. D - Yoga encourages you to reflect on yourself and to find your inner
55. E. Each painting should hang at the very spot from which the image
peace. It exercises not just your body but your mind as well.
was taken, enabling the viewer.
Part 4
56. C emerged from deep within his psyche and are a highly imaginative
Task One
response to a coastal terrain familiar to the artist.
21. G - Speaker 1 says smoking is something ... I preach about to my paListening Justifications
tients and so must be a doctor.
Part 1
22. D - Passengers love to chat so its a great sport to tell people about. D
EXTRACT 1
or H would have passengers, but people are not usually able to chat with a
1. C - ... your unassuming manner and typical professors appearance
pilot which eliminates H.
couldnt be further from Harrison Fords image.
23. B - During term time, I sometimes think of those moments and yearn
2. B - Seracini says that it looks like Vasari probably put a wall in front of Da for them when a group of loud teenagers are giving me a headache!
25
24. F - Im on the go all the time... no warm van for me on my round A

round is a route where someone makes deliveries, for example the post
round or the milk round.
25. A - Its a bit like when I decide on the right amount of an ingredient for
a recipe.
24.
associate
disassociate
Task Two
26. D - This sport keeps me fit and absolutely doesnt allow me to smoke,
which is something I preach about to my patients all the time but I have
struggled to completely quit myself.
27. A - Diving can take you to places you never knew existed. Like many
people say, its a different world down there .
28. H - There are countless challenging vertical ice walls one can choose
from.
29. F - Beginning [beginner] snowboarders are the ones who normally get
injured ... This is because they havent learned how to maintain a stable
stance on the snowboard yet and are thus more likely to lose balance and
fall.
30. C - There are strict guidelines governing jumps and the most important
is the calculation of the length of the cord, its elasticity and the height of the
jump. You need to know the impact on the cord from the fall of the person.
TEST 7
association
associate
associateship
disassociation
associative
associate
associable
unassociated
associatory
disassociated
associatively
Part 4
25. somebody / sth strikes sb as (being) = has an emotional or cognitive
impact on. If somebody or something strikes you as strange, it seems or
appears strange to you.
26. not so much ... as = comparison of equality
27. the expressions its high time and its about time are always followed
by unreal past for emphasis. If it is high time we started doing something,
we need to start doing it urgently.
28. for fear of something (idiom) = out of fear of something happening;
because of the fear of something happening; in case something happens
29. given that = past participle of the verb give used here as an adjective
with the meaning granted as a supposition; acknowledged or assumed
30. we use inversion in the main clause with particular words and expressions such as only by, only after, only when, not until etc.
Part 5
31. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 1. trainers are something you wear
to look cool rather than run in. A. and D. are obviously wrong. Healthy 609. need to do sth = be obliged to, it is necessary to
year-olds and younger people are compared but theres no reference about
10. especially (adverb of manner) = in particular; specifically, particularly
how healthy older people were in the past compared to now so C. is not
11. the + superlative degree. Most has a positive meaning
correct.
12. who = relative pronoun refers to people
32. The correct answer is D. paragraph 3. parents have a role to play...It al13. in most cases (expression) = in most situations
ways amazed me how many pupils would come with a note from home ex14. nothing is used here in order for the sentence to have a negative meancusing them from PE without good reason. Parents write the notes so it
ing. To have nothing ot do with sth = not to be related to it in any way.
cant be A. There is no reference to parents sporting skills or sports facili15. more than = comparative is always followed by the word than.
ties so B. and C. are not correct.
16. While is used as a conjunction with the meaning at the same time that;
33. The correct answer is A. Paragraph 4. Thats why were looking to supor although
port sports such as skateboarding and other street sports, which young
people are increasingly interested in. C. is obviously wrong. B. is not correct as, he says, they should not exclusively promote the old traditional
Part 3
sports. Its not D. because street sports are not extreme sports.
34. The correct answer is A. Paragraph 7. teenagers.....live for today not toVerbs
Nouns
Adjectives Adverbs
morrow so the importance of keeping fit for the future may be lost on them.
resistance
resistant
resistibly
17. resist
Exercise helps concentration when studying so B. is not correct. C. is clearly
resister
resistible
resistingly
wrong. Taking part in sport can be useful for social contact Paragraph 8,
resistibility
irresistible
but participation with friends is not mentioned so D. is not correct.
addict
addiction
addictive
18.
35. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 9. setting a good example helps
addict
addicted
too. Its no good telling your child to get up and be active if you are slouchobesity
obese
obesely
19. ing in front of the TV. Inspiration comes from improved appearance, independence dependable
dependently
20. depend
creased muscle mass and social contact, Paragraph 8, which means A.
dependant
dependent
independently
and B. are incorrect. D. is wrong, as banning TV is not proposed.
independence independent
dependably
36. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 9. if they are still adamant its not for
dependency
them try to find an alternative rather than insisting they carry on or just give
dependableness
up. C. is obviously wrong. A. is not correct as you can try a course without
dependability
paying the full amount. The cost of sports is not discussed so its not D.
expense
inexpensive
expensively
21. expense
Part 2
22.
resist
23.
indulge
resistance
resister
resistibility
indulgence
indulger
indulgent
expensive
expensed
expenseless
resistant
resistible
irresistible
indulgent
Part 6
37. The correct choice is C. 'I think it appealed to Gordon because it's Lonresistibly
resistingly
indulgingly
indulgently
don's version of Brooklyn: edgy, but without the West End's gleam and
swagger.'
38. The correct choice is B. 'He's the tallest of poppies, our Gordon; everybody lining up to give him a trampling.'
39. The correct choice is A. '...the so-what-ishness of this rather brand new
restaurant.'
26
40. The correct choice is D. '...the fact that Union Street Cafe is doing brisk
trade, proves that Ramsay himself retains impressive pulling power.'
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
Part 7
41. The correct choice is C, which is general in theme and begins with
passion can be as simple as teaching children to play football in answer
to the point in the last sentence of the previous paragraph that passion
doesnt always have to involve amazing, earth-shattering feats.
42. The correct choice is G. as it deals with the necessity for each of us to
find the emotional force referred to in the previous paragraph, and ends
with something that will ignite a spark, a theme continued in the first sentence of the next paragraph.
43. The correct choice is E, because it mentions passionate people in the
public eye, continuing the central idea of the previous paragraph about
celebrities becoming involved in good causes. The end of Paragraph E.
discusses the struggle to feel passionate and this leads in to the ebb and
flow of passion in the following paragraph.
44. The correct choice is A, as it gives a pro-active example of making oneself feel passionate to support the last point in the previous paragraph that
we have a lot of control. Paragraph A. ends by outlining one of the benefits of enthusiastic behaviour and the next paragraph begins with another
important benefit, in relation to living longer.
45. The correct choice is F, as the paragraph before suggests we do something for our health, to change, make, become and Paragraph F. advises
how to go about this and to include enjoyable activities and interests that
boost your energy, which is positive from a health perspective. The next
paragraph continues the theme stating Every one of us has an interest in
something, although our busy schedule may prevent us from pursuing it.
46. The correct choice is B, which suggests trying tasters in subjects you
are interested in, and responds to the question at the end of the previous
paragraph what if you dont know where your passion lies. The last paragraph follows up the idea of trying a range of activities with the suggestion
that whatever you do the main thing is to find something.
Part 8
47. D. As there are no symptoms until it causes disease, many people
with high cholesterol may not be aware they have it.
48. C. it is unnecessary and potentially harmful to exclude them from the
diet.
49. E. the virtual trainer gives feedback via emails and texts perfect for
the self-con(s)cious exerciser.
50. A. one in three men and one in five women admit that they dont wash
their hands after going to the toilet.
51. E. online coaches offer a valuable compromise when it comes to
training. First they are a cost-effective alternative. Second, they represent a
more flexible option.
52. B. overusing painkillers leads to changes in the way the brain handles
pain signals.
53. C. nutrition experts are quick to point out that theres no evidence to
support it.
54. F. its about editing your life to remove the reasons you are drinking
too much.
55. B. People must not assume that over the counter drugs are safe because clearly this is not the case.
56. D. Theres a lot of publicity about the dangers of having high cholesterol at the moment mainly from companies that make special food that
claim to lower it.
1. B - I thought it would be worth it to do a bit of mother-daughter bonding.

2. A - I was worse than I thought and I really felt like the class dunce.
EXTRACT 2
3. A - hate jogging especially as it rains so much in this country and Id
miss so many mornings by hiding in bed instead of getting up for a run.
4. C - I dont really believe in New Years resolutions myself, but anything
that spurs people on to improve their life in some way has to be a good thing.
EXTRACT 3
5. C - I decided to take little Susan skating because Id found my old skates
while I was clearing out the loft ... I was dying to see if I still had what it takes.
6. A - It was hard work. I really worked up a sweat.
Part 2
7. Panic attacks are the subconscious minds fight or flight response to
what it perceives to be a threatening situation.
8. The first physical sign is usually heart palpitations.
9. Its worth buying a diary so that you can record any negative thoughts
you have about a situation before it happens.
10. Although your immediate anxiety will decrease if you run away, this
might lead to increased anxiety in the future, so its the worst thing you can
do.
11. Active relaxation involves tensing for a few seconds and then relaxing,
in turn, every muscle that you can think of in your body...
12. An attack can be treated very simply by breathing in and out with a
paper bag held to your mouth.
13. Holding your breath for as long as possible can also help prevent loss
of carbon dioxide. If you can hold your breath for between 10 and 15 seconds, and repeat this a few times, it will be sufficient to calm hyperventilation.
14. Try a natural remedy such as camomile tea which works on the same
brain receptors as anti-anxiety drugs, or the herb, Valerian or aconite which
can ease the effects of acute panic attacks.
Part 3
15. A - Your friendship landscape changes through life.
16. D - the downside with this foul-weather friend is that theyll put a
dampener on you when youre up, forever pointing out what can go wrong.
17. B - Beware if being with them makes you behave falsely so that you
are not true to yourself or to others. This situation can only lead to a downfall and great disappointment.
18. A - She can be a powerful ally, but because shell be there whether you
like it or not, she has the power to make you miserable if you dont keep her
informed and involved in your life.
19. C - Good friends should be low maintenance this means they should
not be a lot of work.
20. C - Dont force the pace. Some people need time to get to know you
better. Its best to be pleasant and casual. Dont bombard them with too
many invitations. Respect their time and other commitments ...
Part 4
Task One
21. D - the same goes for the children at work so we know speaker one
works with children. Her job keeps her both mentally and physically fit.
22. F - ... at the hospital where I work and I spend most of the day sitting
down..... A Receptionists is a sedentary job that would be necessary in a
hospital.
23. E - We chat all day, especially to the customers and restocking
shelves so speaker 3 must work in a shop.
27
24. A - ...my job is all about changing or improving a persons image. I get
real pleasure from holding up a mirror and making someone smile.
25. H - Im out in the fresh air every day and doing a physical job...
Task Two
26. G - I didnt realise that depression is a treatable illness. I just thought
that I was going crazy and at the same time I was getting bigger and bigger.
If only Id gone to the doctor earlier, I could have recovered sooner.
27. A - Theres quite a sense of camaraderie there too as lots of people are
in the same boat.
28. E - The staff canteen is a disaster area for anyone trying to lose weight.
... When its someones birthday there are extra cakes and chocolates on
the scene ...
29. B - ...thats what inspired me to lose weight really as I want to look my
best to create a good impression when a client walks thorough the door...
30. F - Im so tired when I get home that I collapse in front of the TV with a
takeaway and have a few drinks. Even at lunchtime I tend to grab a burger in
between houses and the clients often bring me out tea and biscuits or a
slice of cake.
TEST 8
Part 4
25. the least (that) they can do is = the + superlative + that clause +
verb to be
26. some common techniques to paraphrase a sentence include substituting words or phrases for their synonyms or changing the word class (from
verb to noun phrase).In this particular case there is a combination of both
techniques and there is a change to the objects of the sentence (direct / indirect)
27. there is little prospect/chance of sbs doing sth (expression) = it is
not likely to happen
28. When the verbs believe, consider, expect, know, say, suppose and their
synonyms, like the verb think in this particular case, are used in the passive
form, they are then followed by to + infinitive(in the correct tense - here:
infinitive in the present perfect tense). Bring about (phrasal verb) = cause
to happen
29. have an / (no) intention of doing something (expression) = intend;
aim to do something, or set out to do something
30. sth is on somebodys mind (expression) = if something is on someones mind, they are thinking about it a lot
Part 5
31. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 2. Students still, by and large, take
exams in much the same way as they always have. Technology is part of
9. in earnest (idiom) = seriously; with a purposeful intent
the exam system so A. is incorrect. The future direction is being discussed
10. right (adverb of manner) = exactly; just
so revolution is too extreme, ruling out B. The invigilator makes sure no
11. The cardinal number one followed by the preposition of +plural noun
one is texting so C. is not correct.
separates a thing from the whole. (One of the main reasons)
32. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 3, because they are more experi12. himself is a reflexive pronoun and is used here after the name for emenced they can deal with more nuanced, longer answers. Retired examinphasis
ers have stopped working so A. is wrong. Age is not mentioned so C. is
13. like (preposition) = same as
incorrect and students are not involved in marking, ruling out D.
14. by no means (idiom) = in no sense; certainly not
33. The correct answer is B. best markers dont have to be wasted is A.
15. the coming years = the years ahead, the near future
Its cheaper D, and questions can be marked automatically is C.
16. partly / mainly (adverbs of degree) = in part or to some degree; not
34. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 5. its hard to get an accurate feel
completely.
of exactly what a student does and doesnt know. There are no complaints
about the work so A. cant be right. Checking a few questions from each
Part 3
paper doesnt mean they do less work so its not B. Its not D, as we know
Verbs
Nouns
Adjectives Adverbs
the system makes it much harder to assess students.
satisfaction
satisfactory
satisfyingly
17. satisfy
35. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 8. most people associate multiple
dissatisfy
satisfier
unsatisfactory
satisfactorily
choice with dumbing down. A. is obviously wrong. It can be done online
satisfyingness dissatisfied
unsatisfactorily
but theres no comment about reducing writing skills as a result, so B. is
satisfiable
not correct. The system is almost foolproof, which implies its not perfect
satisfying
so D. is incorrect.
satisfied
36. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 9. an examiner can now tell
unsatisfied
whether someone just got lucky by ticking the right box or actually underrevelation
revealable
revealingly
18. reveal
stood the process by which he or she was being assessed. A. cant be
revealer
revealing
right because an examiner can tell the difference. B. is incorrect as medrevealability
ical students must pass a multiple choice question to become a doctor. C.
end
endless
endlessly
19. end
is wrong as no comparison is made with other methods of assessment.
Part 2
20.
21.
remark
trace
22.
develop
23.
refine
24.
ending
ender
remark
trace
traceability
development
refinement
refiner
refinery
awareness
unawareness
unending
Part 6
remarkable
traceable
untraceable
developing
developed
developable
unrefined
refinable
remarkably
traceably
aware
unaware
refinably
37. The correct choice is B. '...here is a band whose music long ago abandoned any pretensions to commerciality...' 'In one of the O2's numerous
chain restaurants, menus announce that it's Radiohead Night; quite how the
dread-filled, agitated sound found on their last album, King Of Limbs,
squares with bourbon-glazed baby back ribs...remains open to question...'
38. The correct choice is C. 'Theres a tendency to over-rationalise the
music of Radiohead...'
39. The correct choice is D. 'Their heyday alas is now long gone.
40. The correct choice is B. '...here is a band whose music long ago abandoned any pretensions to commerciality...'
28
Part 7
EXTRACT 2
41. The correct choice is C, which introduces us to Professor Robin Murphy

as she is applauded by scientists following the brief demonstration outlined in the opening paragraph. The following paragraph describes her as
she answers questions from the scientists attending the demonstration.
42. The correct choice is G. because it tells us why she was featured in
Januarys Discover magazine, referred to in the last sentence of the previous paragraph. The following paragraph points out she is in demand these
days because of her work after what she did at the World Trade Centre, described in paragraph G.
43. The correct choice is D. In the previous paragraph were told that she
gets the knowledge to make her robots successful in the field. Paragraph
D. to explain the success, tells us that herself and her students dont actually build the robots but create software programmes and adapt them to
search and rescue. The following paragraph gives an example where the
robots are deployed at a moments notice referred to at the end of Paragraph D.
44. The correct choice is A. This paragraph provides background information, explaining how her interest in science developed, describing her education and then her work on artificial intelligence, a theme continued in the
following paragraph Later her work began to gain attention when she was a
professor at the Colorado School of Mines.
45. The correct choice is F, which describes the workshop referred to in the
previous paragraph as being full of innovations. Were also told that the
purpose is to help rescue workers learn whats possible and the following
paragraph, to follow up on this subject, explains how robot-assisted search
and rescue began.
46. The correct choice is B. The previous paragraph relates the fact that her
teams response to 9/11 was immediate but they were not accepted right
away because (Paragraph B.) they had trouble getting through the police
lines. Paragraph B goes on to describe the involvement of the robots in
9/11 as remarkably effective.
3. C - ....who knows what method of detection theyll dream up next.

4. A - Someone could have left DNA at a crime scene and be a suspect but
they may not have committed the crime, especially if they know the victim.
No system is foolproof.
EXTRACT 3
5. B - Jimmy doesnt seem to communicate with me anymore. If hes not
out with his friends, hes in his bedroom doing goodness knows what on
the Internet.
6. A - You are always at work and when you come home you are so tired
that you fall asleep in front of the TV after dinner. You have no idea what his
interests are.
Part 2
7. A hi-tech security screening system, designed to detect guns and other
offensive weapons concealed on the body...
8. ...to protect peoples modesty, they come replete with fig-leaf technology that detects which parts of the body need screening out.
9. The technology was originally developed by the Ministry of Defence to
use in military helicopters to enable pilots to see through fog.
10. The technology is also expected to show the presence of heart pacemakers and metal pins that have been used to help mend broken bones.
11. Airport operators will be thoroughly screened to ensure their motives
are not voyeuristic.
12. They believe it will cut significant waits for security screening at airports, and dispense with pat down searches by security guards.
13. It has the ability to penetrate natural materials, said one expert.
14. The technology has already been successfully piloted at British ports,
where scanners have seen through lorry walls to detect illegal immigrants
being smuggled into Britain.
Part 3
15. C - It is part of human nature to strive to grow and develop intellectually

and so there is an innate interest in where our children and grandchildren
47. B. However, memorable and original are two words I cant in all
and great grandchildren will end up.
sincerity, use to describe it.
16. B - Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World in 1932 while he was living
48. F. the invaders hammer both sides indiscriminately but end up unitin France and England. By this time, Huxley had already established himself
ing the humans against them.
as a writer and social satirist.
49. B. The prologue is terrible; the epilogue is surprisingly good.
17. D - Wells optimistic vision of the future gave Huxley the idea to begin
50. E. political dissidents are rounded up and sent to the Maze, a top se- writing a parody of the novel. Contrary to the most popular optimistic
cret research facility, to provide experimental hosts for military nanotech.
utopian novels of the time, Huxley sought to provide a frightening vision of
51. C. a woman who can send messages coded in pain back to Earth by the future.
jabbing herself in the arm.
18. D - He was outraged by the culture of youth, commercial cheeriness
52. F. A section at the end caps the story with historical notes and a revela- and inward-looking nature of many of the people....
tion that you may guess before, but which you should still find entertaining. 19. A - There was a fear of Americanisation in Europe....
53. A. Gifts is a coming of age story.
20. C - The sex-hormone chewing gum in the novel is a parody of the ubiq54. A. intended at a guess, as a book for young teenagers, and as such
uitous chewing gum which is something of a symbol of America .... as well
has to be written with scrupulous care. In this respect it is exemplary.
as the jazz music they listened to which seemed quite anarchic to Huxley
55. E. I think it might be all the flashbacks Gallon is the only viewpoint
Part 4
character and his story is intercut with lengthy scenes from his time in the
Task One
Maze, which he has escaped from.
56. D. situates the characters first in the Victorian London of Jack the Rip- 21. E - ...I use these for large murals...; the speaker paints with spray
per and later in the crumbling metropolis of a modern Babylon, existing in a paint, so must be an artist.
22. H - the speaker works outside in the weather and dealing with the cattle.
parallel dimension.
23. B - I have a lot of free time now, I used to have a dog but I dont have
the energy to walk one now... and Im very tempted to spend some of my
Part 1
retirement fund..... all suggest the speaker is a pensioner.
EXTRACT 1
24. D - Until I get a salary, I cant afford a car... and Maybe I should be a
1. C - The man asks if Pam really needs to check everything three times be- postal worker... both indicate that the speaker is unemployed.
fore she leaves.
25. C - ...especially when I suspect someone is being aggressive towards
2. B - Well, weve got a lot to do today so I suggest we get the must dos a relative. My job is pretty stressful at times and its hard to get the truth out
over and done with first.
of people expecially when they are frightened of the consequences....
Part 8
29
Task Two
26. H - I get a lot of criticism for using aerosols but I dont drive a car so
my contribution to the pollution problem is a lot less than most people I
know so I dont lose sleep over it.
27. C - Denim is everywhere and is a great equaliser of class as the poorest kid on the street to the wealthiest film star wears jeans.
28. E - It works on voice recognition so you really do feel like you are the
master and it has its own personality, like a real pet.
29. A - Leonardo da Vinci actually designed a bicycle in 1490, although it
was never made. Mind you, he seemed to draw just about every modern invention hundreds of years before they were actually invented.
30. G - Its often what they dont say that gives the game away.
28. (It) (really) doesnt matter to me (expression) = I do not care, or it is

not important to me.
29. have (a good / no) chance of + ing = (phrase) there is/is not a great
likelihood / possibility of something happening
30. no way of +ing (idiom) = no way of knowing/telling
Part 5
31. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 3. If a drivers got a disabled

badge, you write that theres no badge. If theres a visitors permit, sometimes you ignore it. C. is obviously wrong. Nicknam was sacked so its not
D. Its not A. as the tickets are not given to disabled drivers.
32. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 4. he found grounds to ticket only
five or six cars legally in a typical day, rather than the ten or more he says
his superiors expected. A. is incorrect as he was sacked after three
months probation. Its not B. as he was fired for not giving out illegal tickReading and Use of English Justifications ets. D. is not correct as he was required to issue ten tickets, if he wanted a
Part 2
permanent job.
9. not is used as a logical operator to express negation, denial, refusal, or 33. The correct choice is A. paragraph 4. I said I believed in God. I asked
prohibition.
my supervisors, how do you sleep?. B., C. and D. are obviously wrong.
10. for instance (linking word) = as an example; for example.
34. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 5. At stake is public confidence in
11. out of thin air (idiom) = out of nowhere, out of nothing; suddenly
the entire system of parking enforcement, which is a threat to the system
12. rather (usually followed by than) is used when you are contrasting two meaning C. is wrong. We only know Nicknam was fired so D. is incorrect.
things or situations. The one introduced with rather than is usually not true
Claims about dishonest practices have been made by other PAs so A. is inor preferable.
correct.
13. do ones biding (expression) = obey somebodys command
35. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 7. Yet by any standards, the busi14. When using neither in a balanced construction that negates two parts of ness of ticketing, clamping and removing cars is booming as never before.
a sentence, nor must be used in the second clause: e.g. She is neither able Business is booming but its not stated if its from illegal ticketing so A. is
nor willing to go.Similarly, when negating the second of two negative inde- incorrect. The RAC only made a comment so its not B. The RAC sees it as
pendent clauses, nor must be used.
a way to raise money, rather than a policy issue so D. is wrong.
15. make use of someone or something ( idiom) = to utilize someone or
36. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 11. Nobody now has faith in the
something
system. I certainly dont. A. and C. are obviously wrong. The concluding
16. being ( gerund/present participle) = used as a noun; its the subject of language is matter of fact rather than passionate so D. is not correct.
the sentemce
TEST 9
Part 6
Part 3
Verbs
17. 18. -
19.
precede
20.
21.
specialise
22.
practice
23.
oppose
24.
go
Part 4
Nouns
Adjectives
Adverbs
environment
reality
realness
realist
realism
precedence
precedent
environmental
real
realistic
unrealistic
environmentally
really
realistically
unrealistically
unprecedented
precedable
preceding
particular
particular
specialisation special
specialty
practicality
practical
impracticality practicable
impractical
opposition
opposite
opposer
opposing
oppositive
ongoing
unprecedentedly
particularly
especially
practically
opposingly
37. The correct choice is D. All the reviewers, except Reviewer D make comparisons with other musicals. Reviewer A, compares the musical with
others previously seen, remarking, 'Billy Elliot strikes me as the greatest British
musical I have ever seen and I have not forgotten Lionel Bart's Oliver! or Andrew Lloyd Webber's Phantom of the Opera.' Reviewer B states that '...The
Full Monty...lost all of its gritty truth when musicalised. But Billy Elliot succeeds
brilliantly...' '...dance is used to express narrative in a way that evokes West
Side Story.' Finally, Reviewer C, remarks, 'Not since Blood Brothers first
opened in 1983, has there been a new British musical to combine social commentary with a heartfelt story of adolescence, as powerfully and melodically
as Billy Elliot.'
38. The correct choice is B. '...the nationalisation of the coal industry ends
with the collapse of the 1984 miners' strike. Billy's aspirations have been realised, but a local community faces ruin. It is the tension between those two
facts that gives the musical its drive.'
39. The correct choice is C. '...the rites-of-passage journey the show charts of an 11-year-old boy transcending his working class background to gain admittance to the Royal Ballet School - is played out against the background of
the 1984 Miners' Strike, implying the fierceness of Billy's own struggle.'
40. The correct choice is A. '...there are rough edges that would give Cameron
Mackintosh a fit of the vapours, yes, there are occasional scenes that are not
as powerfully played as those in the film.'
Part 7
25. had no difficulty (in) making + ing = its followed by: in -ing
41. The correct choice is B, as we learn from it that three people entered the
26. wish (he) would stop +ing = wish can also be used with would to exroom. Patricia, mentioned in the beginning of Paragraph B, is the third person
press a desire that someone do something differently( stop + ing)
because Gregory and the old doctor are introduced in the first paragraph. Fur27. may be facing closure =maybe + ing + noun
ther on in Paragraph B, Patricia gives a knife to the doctor, who begins using it
30
in the following paragraph wrestling the knife back and forth forcibly.
42. The correct choice is G. In the previous paragraph Gregory takes the
knife from the doctor and begins using it. Then in Paragraph G, continuing
the part about the knife, Patricia asks about trying another knife but Gregory
had managed to insert the point of his knife under the wax rim. Gregory notices a sudden movement at the end of Paragraph G. and the next paragraph
tells us It was the doctor and he brushes past Gregory to grab a mallet.
43. The correct choice is E. because in the first sentence we read that the
jar smashed which is as a result of the doctor hitting the bomblu (clay jar)
with the mallet, described at the end of the previous paragraph. In the following paragraph, Patricia asks the doctor why he did it and the doctor turns
to look at the broken pieces of clay at his feet.
44. The correct choice is A. In the previous paragraph the doctor sees the
vinegar on the floor and says Its blood and in Paragraph A. Patricia asks
why hed said blood and why hed smashed the jar. Gregory speculates
that perhaps he couldnt bear to wait any longer and this is taken up by
Patricia in the next paragraph We all waited a week for this and she repeats the question about why he said blood.
45. The correct choice is D. The previous paragraph ends with Patricia flicking ineffectually at her jeans leading in to paragraph D. where Gregory
cant tell, presumably from her actions, whether she is disappointed or
glad they discovered nothing. The paragraph finishes But he was surprised and the reason for his surprise is explained in the next paragraph he didnt find what he expected.
46. The correct choice is C. You had imagined it, Patricia responds to the
details of what they expected to find given in the previous paragraph, to
which Gregory answers yes. At the end of Paragraph C. Patricia touches his
arm and says I know and the following paragraph begins with Gregory
wondering How could she possibly know.
Part 8
47. A. Keira Knightley gives her best performance yet....although she
was eventually beaten to the globe by Reese Witherspoon.
48. D. a world-weary ex-marine sniper gets drawn into a plot to assassinate the US president.
49. C. this film is full of heart, unfortunately the mishmash of storylines
and speechifying doesnt go down any easier on the small screen.
50. F. there was the matter of how to age convincingly on screen.
51. E. throughout the film, Nair picks on scenes that resonate with her
own experiences of coming to America
52. F. trying to avoid a dry historical re-enactment of Wilberforces life.
53. E. director Mira Nair drew on her own experiences for this poignant
family saga.
54. B. but for fans of the TV series, its the perfect escape on a wet
fternoon.
55. D. Co-star Michael Pepa was apparently thrilled at the chance to
shoot people.
56. D. Yes, there is a high body count.
EXTRACT 3
5. B - ...I too have been trying to make the effort to be healthier...but I simply go to the gym three times a week and try to cut back on the donuts!
What you are doing is rather extreme.
6. B - And then when I finish I am always so proud of myself. Thats why
Im going to run the marathon. I can only assume the feeling of accomplishment will be stronger.
Part 2
7. Easy riding, just slightly challenging for someone who is far from 20
something...
8. After much puffing and huffing, I reached the top of the hill and stopped
for a swig of water and a look around.
9. I thought to myself: If I ride down the hill, and go really wide, I can move
the calf towards the corner where the gate is.
10. Then the only thing to worry about is sandy holes that suck in your
tires.
11. They bring you to a dead stop which throws the rider over the top of
your handlebars to land painfully on prickly-pear swords.
12. However, when one is riding through the unmarked wilderness of a cow
pasture, trying in vain to keep a calf in sight who is running in fear of his life
from the crazy lady on a mountain bike...
13. I gamely pedaled through the sage brush once again - now uphill.
14. So I chased him again. Of course this was all uphill and probably took
a good hour...and I ended up losing the little monster.
Part 3
15. B - In 1983, the National Space Development Agency of Japan announced that it would recruit three Japanese astronauts in order to conduct
the first Japanese space experiments aboard the Space Shuttle. I applied for
it and that was the start of my career.
16. C. Three months after I was selected by NASDA in 1985, the Challenger accident occurred. I became extremely depressed since I felt the future of space development looked dark.
17. A. In this line of work you must be true to yourself. In space, we encounter unexpected things so you must be able to believe in yourself and do
what you think is right.
18. C. During that time, I calmly thought about my career and all the training I had received.
19. C. In 1971, I observed Mars and the M13 star cluster with a 20cm reflecting telescope.
20. B. I am also interested in astronomy. I would still like to solve the mysteries of the Universe.
Part 4
Task One
21. A - ...the reality is that now that I am in charge.....
22. D - My main job is to answer phones and take messages, I also occasionally schedule meetings ...
23. F - My main responsibilities are recruiting, training, and looking after the
Part 1
welfare of the staff. Staff are considered a human resource.
EXTRACT 1
24. E - I guess Im just a natural when talking to clients and potential buyers.
1. C - In short, I just liked teaching too much!
25. B - I like keeping the books.
2. A - Sometimes I think my friends wonder why I dont do something
Task Two
more prestigious... and to be honest, I used to wonder that too... like I ought 26. C - ...my friendly-jokester days in the office are over.
to be doing more with my talent in maths. But now I realise that prestige
27. G - Its almost embarrassing how good I am at the game because it redoesnt compare with true happiness.
veals how often I actually play.
EXTRACT 2
28. F - I am always the first in the office and the last to leave. I often work
3. A - I am strictly talking about Ludas performance. I mean, first of all, all weekends and holidays..
the opening acts sang more songs than he did.
29. B - They think that this place is a waste of my talent, and perhaps they
4. C - Im not saying they werent talented! In fact they were better than the are right. But Im satisfied here...
main performer and thats my point.
30. E - I cant really explain why, but I love my job...
31
Part 5
TEST 10
31. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 2. Because they can learn to comReading and Use of English Justifications municate, occasionally murder each other, and have complex social hierarchies, its not A, B or D.
Part 2
32. The correct answer is D. Paragraph 2. When it comes to DNA, a human
9. that/who = introduces a defining relative clause and the relative prois closer to a chimp than a mouse is to a rat. Chimps are similar to humans
noun who refers to a person (dwarf Oberon)
genetically so its not A. B. is obviously wrong. It highlights the genetic dif10. pass through something (phrasal verb) = to travel through something
ference between a mouse and a rat so D is not right.
11. so/therefore= used to introduce the logical result of something that has
33. The correct answer is B. Paragraph 3. Yet tiny differences sprinkled
just been mentioned
throughout the genome, have made all the difference....Nobody yet knows
12. having killed = present participle (present perfect tense) which reprecisely where they are or how they work, which means A. or C. cant be
places a time clause.
correct. Its not D. as only a rough draft, Paragraph 5, has been sequenced.
13. we use inversion in the main clause with particular words and negative
34. The correct answer is A. Paragraph 3. endow us with the brainpower to
expressions (only with being one of them)
outthink and outdo our closest relatives on the tree of life. C. and D. are ob14. died of sth (expression) = the cause of his death
viously wrong. B is incorrect as our behaviour goes beyond expression
15. base something on something else = to found ones ideas or attitude
where we can do things like delve into molecular biology.
on something that pre-existed.
35. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 6. Pobo is convinced hes on the
16. such as is used for introducing examples
way to constructing the entire genome of that long-lost relative. Its not A.
as they are referred to as human-like. They became extinct tens of thouPart 3
sands of years ago and a 38,0000 year-old bone was used to extract
Verbs
Nouns
Adjectives Adverbs
DNA, so B. is incorrect. They are closer to us genetically than chimps so it
17. vary
variety
various
variously
cant be D.
variation
variant
varyingly
36. The correct answer is C. Paragraph 7. will not only begin to explain
variant
variable
invariably
precisely what makes us human but could lead to a better understanding of
varier
varied
human diseases and how to treat them, which means A. is wrong. B. is
varying
obviously wrong. We can deduce from the text that the sequence of the
harm
harmful
harmfully
18. harm
human genome is complete, so D. is incorrect.
19.
attract
harmlessness harmless
attraction
attractive
unattractive
acceleration accelerable
accelerator
accelerative
acceleratory
addition
additional
addable
addible
flame
flammable
flamer
flameless
flamelet
flamelike
flamy
flammable
inflammable
flaming
explosion
explosive
exploder
enjoyment
enjoyable
enjoyer
unenjoyable
harmlessly
attractively
unattractively
acceleratedly
Part 6
37. The correct answer is C. '...she (Osipova) seemed isolated at moments

from the staging...in part owed to an unlikely relationship with Carlos
Acostas Romeo...I did not for a moment believe in him as a youth ardently
in love.'
additionally
21. add
38. The correct answer is D. 'Would this international shooting star be able
addedly
to add lustre to a company that is depleted of ballerinas of her class?...Rarely
has a performance flickered so rapidly between the astonishing and the
22. flame
disappointing.'
39. The correct answer is B. All the reviewers except Reviewer B, find fault
in Osipova's performance. Reviewer A, comments, '...Natalya Osipova is
back in peak condition...Yet this revival just falls short of passion. Theres
plenty of care in the storytelling, but the ballets star-crossed lovers need
headlong ardour and despair. ' Similarly, Reviewer C finds fault in Osipova's
performance, stating,' Not quite what one might have hoped. Natalya
explosively
23. explode
Osipovas debut as Juliet with the Royal Ballet was eagerly anticipated...yet
on Thursday night, she seemed isolated at moments from the staging...
enjoyably
24. enjoy
Unfortunately, Osipova, in trying to make the role her own, decides to show
enjoyingly
a knowing Juliet.' Finally, Reviewer D comments, referring to Osipova,
'Rarely has a performance flickered so rapidly between the astonishing and
the disappointing.'
Part 4
40. The correct answer is C. 'But what I once saw with Lynn Seymour, and
25. show up (phrasal verb) = to put in an appearance; arrive.
saw with Natalya Makarova, and...with Yevgenia Obraztsova in the arms of
26. In Standard English, hardly, scarcely, and similar adverbs cannot be
used with a negative. But they do share some important features of negative Steven McRae was the traditional interpretation of the role. Unfortunately,
Osipova, in trying to make the role her own, decides to show a knowing
adverbs, even though they may not have purely negative meaning. For one
thing, they combine with any and at all, which are characteristically associ- Juliet.'
ated with negative contexts. So; to have hardly any effectively means to
Part 7
not have very much.
41. The correct choice is C. because the extract begins with Titus and his
27. to the best of my knowledge (expression) = as far as I know
son, Sky, in the freight bay and Sky says were going outside because
28. The expression there is no point in is always followed by a gerund.
otherwise he wouldnt have been brought to the freight bay. Paragraph C.
29. twice as many (expression) = used to emphasise the size/amount of
opens with Titus acknowledging this as Sky had never been there before.
something; double the amount
Paragraph C. ends with a power failure and the power is restored at the start
30. no guarantee that ... = its not certain that. ..
of the next paragraph after what seemed like days.
20.
accelerate
32
42. The correct choice is G, which begins with shipboard life returning to
normal following the effects of the power failure described in the previous
paragraph. Also in Paragraph G. Skys experience in the nursery leads him
to accuse his parents of giving up responsibility to an illusion but in contrast, the next paragraph begins with him in a mood of eager forgiveness
on seeing the sheer size of the freight bay.
43. The correct choice is A. The previous paragraph describes the freight
bay and paragraph A. continues with details of the spacecraft and taxis
parked there while the following paragraph begins with Titus halting near
one of the small shuttles and confirming they were going outside.
44. The correct choice is B. as the taxi instantly answered the command, to
enable excursion vehicle 15, given by Titus at the end of the previous
paragraph. At the end of Paragraph B. Sky is told to take a seat on the right
of the instrument column and in the following paragraph he hops into the
spacecraft as instructed.
45. The correct choice is D. In the paragraph before theres a description of
the inside of the spacecraft and Sky adjusting to conditions inside. Paragraph D. begins with the next logical step of his father joining him and settling into the seat next to him.
46. The correct choice is E, Where Titus gives an answer to the question
posed by Sky in the previous paragraph about not trusting machines.
Part 8
47. D. they said I was starting football practice. I protested a bit but I
knew my efforts would be worthless. My parents are unmovable.
48. B. I was always the best on my team by far but, considering my background, that was expected.
49. C. I left many games covered in bruises and blood.
50. C. Football was always just one of my extra-curricular activities.
51. E. it is sure nice to be finally be recognised, praised and admired for
our hard work
52. B. I was just happy the tournament was over so I could go home and
be with my friends.
53. A. I made the team, but turned them down and returned home. I had
realised that my dream wasnt all I had built it up to be.
54. C. I still got to be captain and I really loved my role from the sideline.
55. D. considering I am not the worlds best athlete.
56. E. when England decided to start its first womens national team, they
had to recruit from a younger age group.
11. The show took place in space, in a spaceship that looked very much
like a game controller....
12. I didnt get into animation the way most people do. I came by way of
TV.
13. Being a bit older than the other students, I worked really hard to make
myself stand out...
14. ...the lousy economy forced me to become a freelancer.
Part 3
15. B - ...golf is a lot easier on my body as well. I will be able to play golf a
lot longer than any other sport ...
16. C - Once in a blue moon, I will have a cheeseburger ... A blue moon
is a rare phenomenon so the phrase is used for anything that does not happen often.
17. D - I didnt like the health food that my parents fed me as a child but
am thankful now for its become a habit.
18. B - This may make me sound really pathetic, but I spend a lot of time
with my cat at home actually.
19. A - You may believe me or not but I have absolutely no superstitions ....
Sorry if thats a disappointing answer.
20. C - I am one of the oldest girls out there and A lot of girls have 3 or 4
years more experience in competition than me. They are younger and have
been competing longer so she must have started later.
Part 4
Task One
21. H - a lot of people in my line of work prefer just to take people form
point A to point B.... so we know the speaker is a driver. Choices F and A
can be eliminated because tourists would not use this these forms of transport.
22. C - But the people I fly around ... have beds and champagne on board
with them!
23. F - These children light up my life... so we know the speaker works
with children, and Many of them are too energetic to sit in their seats their
entire route so we know it is a bus route.
24. D - People see my ride as something extracted from a fairy tale and
The horses are usually the ones breaking the romantic ideal.... Carriages
are old fashioned and pulled by horses.
25. B - because its so long, there are more blind spots than in a normal
sized car.
Part 1
Task Two
26. B - Of course, I should respect that, but thats not always easy to do.
1. C - But honestly Ive been thinking about it for a few months now.
Thats probably one of my faults
2. B - I guess I just needed to get out of here for a bit. I guess Im in a bit of 27. A - I overhear their conversations about their country clubs, their fancy
a rut in life and want to do something drastic to get out of it.
cars or their mansions and I definitely get jealous.
EXTRACT 2
28. C - To help me out, I have asked one of my older students to be on pa3. A - I think the atmosphere went to your head a little too much, Julie.
trol. ... Its actually quite amazing how well the other students respond to
The atmosphere of a place has to do with the environment.
her!
4. C - No way. A burger dressed like this? Were really going to stand
29. G - ...he kept gagging from the horrible stench coming a few feet in
out.
front of him. It was quite funny actually.
EXTRACT 3
30. H - ...I do feel a little powerful driving such a large vehicle on the road.
5. B - I suppose for the same reason why anyone pursues any career.
Its amazing how many people will get out of my way.
6. C - ..it has a normal schedule - as in , no overnighters. This is important
for me because I want to have a family....
EXTRACT 1
Part 2
7. Although Ive worked for other people in the past, Im primarily my own
boss these days. I much prefer being self-employed.
8. ...I found it limiting to make a freelance career out of just 3D animation,
so I became an expert on all sorts of multimedia skills.
9. ...as well as animations for corporate projects.
10. This show featured new and upcoming computer game releases....
33
Cambridge English Advanced

10 Practice Tests - Answer Key
Part
Part
Part
Part
56.E
Practice Test 1
Reading and Use of English
Part 1: 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C
Part 2: 9. each/every 10. fact/short 11. precisely/exactly
12. could/should 13. getting/doing 14. some 15. actually/really
16. on
Part 3: 17. variation 18. increasingly 19. findings 20. absorption
21. measurements 22. worldwide 23. unbelievable 24. problematic
Part 4: 25. in the habit of playing 26. have every/a good chance of
winning 27. goes without saying that I did 28. strike you as
(being) 29. to cook for myself, let alone 30. such was the force of
Part 5: 31.C 32.D 33.B 34.A 35.D 36.B
Part 6: 37.B 38.A 39.D 40.C
Part 7: 41.F 42.B 43.D 44.G 45.A 46.C
Part 8: 47.D 48.A 49.E 50.C 51.D 52.A 53.F 54.B 55.E
56.B
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.B
LISTENING - Part 2
7. public finance 8. competing 9. continuous link
10. natural habitats 11. circular walks 12. reservoirs
13. rod licence 14. considerate
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.D 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.A
LISTENING - Part 4
21.D 22.C 23.G 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.H 28.G 29.F 30.B
Practice Test 2
Part 1: 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A
Part 2: 9. just 10. those 11. for 12. Since/As/Because
13. waste 14. right 15. Unless 16. yet/but/whose
Part 3: 17. infallible 18. conviction 19. enthusiasm 20. pleasure
21. incomprehensible 22. confusion 23. endless 24. suspicious
Part 4: 25. no intention of giving 26. congratulated her on choosing
such 27.would appear that the thieves got 28. apologised for not
turning/showing [or having turned/shown] 29. in case she wanted
to buy 30.difference to me if she stays/ keeps
Part 5: 31.B 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.A 36.C
Part 6: 37.A 38.B 39.B 40.A
Part 7: 41.G 42.F 43.D 44.A 45.C 46.E
Part 8: 47.C 48.E 49.F 50.B 51.A 52.D 53.B 54.C 55.A
56.F
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.B , 2.A , 3.C , 4.B , 5.C , 6.A
LISTENING - Part 2
7. council estate 8. qualifications 9. volunteer 10. deadline
11. emotional barriers 12. the court 13. domestic violence/
pressure 14. sentence
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.A 20.C
LISTENING - Part 4
21.F 22.B 23.D 24.H 25.A 26.D 27.G 28.A 29.H 30.C
Practice Test 3
Part 1: 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.B
Part 2: 9. with 10. such 11. behind 12. Although/While
13. thanks/due 14. first 15. only/just 16. few
Part 3: 17. spectacular 18. exception 19. favourable
20. unforgettable 21. reality 22. unreliable 23. uncomfortable
24. illegal
Part 4: 25. is reputed to be one 26. announcement of her engagement
took us 27. utmost importance that we find 28. no circumstances
will I ever 29. trying for/having tried for months did 30. wasnt in
the mood for
5:
6:
7:
8:
31.D
37.D
41.C
47.C
32.B
38.A
42.F
48.E
33.C
39.D
43.D
49.D
34.B 35.A 36.C

40.B
44.A 45.E 46.G
50.A 51.D 52.C 53.A 54.F 55.B
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.A

LISTENING - Part 2
7. 15 percent/significant 8. Television programmes
9. better climate 10. low(er) interest rate(s) 11. minority
12. cheapest 13. investment 14. tax and inheritance
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.C
LISTENING - Part 4
21.F 22.A 23.D 24.H 25.C 26.D 27.C 28.G 29.H 30.A
Practice Test 4
Part 1: 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.B
Part 2: 9. making 10. could 11. without 12. Who 13. all
14. ourselves 15. such 16. if/though
Part 3: 17. apparently 18. acceptable 19. informality
20. indication 21. ritualistic 22. interaction 23. courtesy
24. laziness
Part 4: 25. made a good impression on 26. not in the mood to
go/in no mood to go 27. was a complete lack of trust
28. is subject to alteration/change 29. shed some light on
30. came to the conclusion that
Part 5: 31.D 32.D 33.B 34.B 35.C 36.A
Part 6: 37.A 38.B 39.B 40.C
Part 7: 41.G 42.F 43.C 44.A 45.E 46.D
Part 8: 47.F 48.D 49.A 50.D 51.B 52.A 53.E 54.C 55.C
56.F
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B
LISTENING - Part 2
7. over-tutoring 8. five applications 9. unpredictable
10. 75,000 11. disadvantaged 12. free school meals
13. materials 14. contradictory
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.C 16.D 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.B
LISTENING - Part 4
21.E 22.C 23.H 24.A 25.F 26.D 27.G 28.A 29.B 30.E
Practice Test 5
Part 1: 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A
Part 2: 9. other 10. what 11. from/after 12. though/if 13. or
14. somebody/someone 15. into 16. made/found
Part 3: 17. serenity 18. unpredictability 19. widened
20. fascination 21. awareness 22. coastal 23. urbanisation
24. fragility
Part 4: 25. little chance of Jim being 26. lost no time in phoning his
27. the power of the government 28. no circumstances is the baby
to/should the baby 29. ended up doing 30. has a tendency to
mistrust
Part 5: 31.D 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.C 36.B
Part 6: 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.B
Part 7: 41.D 42.G 43.F 44.A 45.B 46.E
Part 8: 47.B 48.C 49.A 50.F 51.E 52.F 53.D 54.C 55.D
56.B
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A
LISTENING - Part 2
7. overfishing 8. Pink coral 9. Legislation 10. 0.002
11. network 12. inadequate 13. integrated 14. strategy
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.B 16.D 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.A
LISTENING - Part 4
21.D 22.H 23.B 24.E 25.G 26.B 27.F 28.A 29.H 30.D
34
Practice Test 6
Part 1: 1.D 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.D
Part 2: 9. never/rarely 10. once 11. go 12. themselves
13. take 14. at 15. After 16. turning/showing
Part 3: 17. extraordinary 18. location 19. picturesque
20. idiosyncratic 21. essentially 22. perfectionism 23. unrealistic
24. ongoing
Part 4: 25. fell short of my expectations 26. nowhere (near) as good
at playing 27. not been for the timely arrival 28. did not strike me as
being 29. is of no consequence to 30. only a matter of time
until/before
Part 5: 31.B 32.C 33.D 34.D 35.C 36.B
Part 6: 37.B 38.A 39.D 40.C
Part 7: 41.D 42.G 43.B 44.F 45.A 46.C
Part 8: 47.D 48.F 49.B 50.C 51.E 52.A 53.D 54.B 55.E
56.C
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A
LISTENING - Part 2
7. Revolutionary changes 8. Citizens and Kings 9. poets
10. exhibition curator 11. executed 12. two historic books
13. political changes 14. fossils and shells
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.D
LISTENING - Part 4
21.G 22.D 23.B 24.F 25.A 26.D 27.A 28.H 29.F 30.C
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A

LISTENING - Part 2
7. concealed 8. screen out 9. fog 10. pacemaker
11. voyeuristic 12. security guards 13. natural materials
14. illegal immigrants
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.D 19.A 20.C
LISTENING - Part 4
21.E 22.H 23.B 24.D 25.C 26.H 27.C 28.E 29.A 30.G
Practice Test 9
Part 1: 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B
Part 2: 9. not 10. For 11. of 12. rather 13. do 14. nor
15. use 16. being
Part 3: 17. environmental 18. realistic 19. unprecedented
20. particularly 21. especially 22. practicality 23. opposition
24. ongoing
Part 4: 25. had no difficulty in answering 26. finding fault in
27. be facing closure 28. decision doesnt matter 29. no chance
of winning 30. no way of telling
Part 5: 31.B 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.C 36.B
Part 6: 37.D 38.B 39.C 40.A
Part 7: 41.B 42.G 43.E 44.A 45.D 46.C
Part 8: 47.A 48.D 49.C 50.F 51.E 52.F 53.E 54.B 55.D
56.D
Practice Test 7
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B

LISTENING - Part 2
7. challenging 8. water 9. towards the corner 10. sandy holes
Part 1: 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.B
11. painful 12. sight 13. uphill 14. monster
Part 2: 9. need/begin/start 10. especially 11. most 12. who
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.B 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.B
13. cases 14. nothing 15. more 16. While/Although
LISTENING - Part 4
Part 3: 17. resistance
18. addictive 19. obesity
20. dependence/-cy 21. inexpensive 22. irresistible 23. indulgence 21. A 22.D 23.F 24.E 25.B 26.C 27.G 28.F 29.B 30.E
24. associations
Part 4: 25. strike you as (being) 26. is not so much 27. high time
Practice Test 10
Ben cleaned 28. for fear of waking 29. given that he only
30. practising every day do
Part 1: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C
Part 5: 31.B 32.D 33.A 34.A 35.C 36.B
Part 2: 9. that/who 10. through 11. so/therefore 12. having
Part 6: 37.C 38.B 39.A 40.D
13. does/can 14. of 15. on 16. such
Part 7: 41.C 42.G 43.E 44.A 45.F 46.B
Part 3: 17. various 18. harmful 19. attractive 20. acceleration
Part 8: 47.D 48.C 49.E 50.A 51.E 52.B 53.C 54.F 55.B
21. Additional 22. explosive 23. flammable 24. enjoyable
56.D
Part 4: 25. showed up at/to/for 26. have hardly any 27. the best
of my knowledge 28. no point (in) trying 29. are twice as many
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.A
women as 30. is no guarantee that you
LISTENING - Part 2
Part 5: 31.C 32.D 33.B 34.A 35.C 36.C
7. threatening situation 8. the heart 9. negative thoughts
10. run away 11. muscles 12. paper bag 13. Holding your breath Part 6: 37.C 38.D 39.B 40.C
Part 7: 41.C 42.G 43.A 44.B 45.D 46.E
14. Natural remedies
Part 8: 47.D 48.B 49.C 50.C 51.E 52.B 53.A 54.C 55.D
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.C
56.E
LISTENING - Part 4
21.D 22.F 23.E 24.A 25.H 26.G 27.A 28.E 29.B 30.F
LISTENING - Part 1: 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C
LISTENING - Part 2
Practice Test 8
7. self-employed / his own boss 8. multimedia skills 9. animations
10. new and upcoming 11. a spaceship
Part 1: 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A
12. most 3D animators/most people in animation 13. (a bit) older
Part 2: 9. in 10. right 11. One 12. himself 13. like
14. the (lousy) economy
14. by 15. coming 16. partly/mainly
LISTENING - Part 3: 15.B 16.C 17.D 18.B 19.A 20.C
Part 3: 17. satisfyingly 18. revelation 19. endless
20. remarkably 21. traceable 22. development 23. refinements LISTENING - Part 4
21.H 22.C 23.F 24.D 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.G 30.H
24. awareness
Part 4: 25. least they can do is 26. left many passengers seriously
27. is little prospect of John getting 28. have been brought about
by 29. no intention of replying 30. been on Andrews mind
Part 5: 31.D 32.B 33.B 34.C 35.C 36.D
Part 6: 37.B 38.C 39.D 40.B
Part 7: 41.C 42.G 43.D 44.A 45.F 46.B
Part 8: 47.B 48.F 49.B 50.E 51.C 52.F 53.A 54.A 55.E
56.D
35
AUDIOSCRIPTS to CAE p36-51_AUDIOSCRIPTS to CAE pract tests.qxd 12/2/2014 9:45 Page 36
CAE PRACTICE TESTS
Page 36
TEST 1
This is the Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English Listening
Test. Im going to give you the instructions for this test.
Ill introduce each part of the test and give you time to look at
the questions. You will hear each piece twice. Therell now be a
pause. Please ask any questions now, because you must not
speak during the test. PAUSE 5 SECONDS
Part 1
Youll hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose
the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you
hear. There are two questions for each extract.
EXTRACT 1
You will hear two people talking about a play that they saw at
the theatre. Now look at questions 1 and 2.
Jane: Well that was certainly original. Ive seen quite a few of his plays and
that one was completely different to the others.
Bill: Yes, it was quite dark, wasnt it? Maybe its because hed become
aware of his own mortality when he wrote it.
Jane: Thats right. Hed been seriously ill, hadnt he?
Bill: Apparently it was touch and go for a while.
Jane: Mind you, the main character was hilarious, in a sick kind of way. I
think that kind of humour would go right over most peoples heads.
Bill: Well, I dont know how hell follow up that story. He really seems to
be a different character to when he first started to write.
Now you will hear the recording again.
EXTRACT 2
You will hear part of a radio interview with a trade and commerce researcher. Now look at questions 3 and 4.
Interviewer: The old mantra about the three most important factors for a
shops success - location, location, location - has been borne out by a new
mathematical model. It could help retailers pinpoint lucrative sites for their
stores. Physicist Pablo Jenson is here with us today. Good morning Pablo.
Pablo: Good morning. We have analysed location records for more than
8500 retail outlets in Lyon, France. We found that the shops formed clusters,
with shops such as butchers and delicatessens in one group, for example,
and laundromats and bookstores in another. Stores of the same group
seemed to attract each other, while stores from different groups repelled
each other.
Interviewer: Youve created a theory havent you?
Pablo: Yes, thats right. Its a theory of magnetism to calculate a number,
Q for shops, based on the proximity of attractive and repellent businesses
in the area. Q represents the suitability of a site for a particular type of
shop: the higher the number, the better the site. We tested this theory with
all of the bakeries in Lyon between 2003 and 2005. During that period, 19
bakeries shut down and their average Q was lower than the average for all
bakeries. Actually, the Lyon Chamber of Commerce is using the model to
help entrepreneurs identify promising new premises.
EXTRACT 3
You will hear part of a report about holiday homes in the
Mediterranean. Now look at questions 5 and 6.
Speaker: For a beautiful alternative to the bigger Spanish coasts, try the
Costa de la Cruz, the coast of light. The government of Andalucia is taking
care to protect this little known region, which has earned the nickname, the
Spanish Algarve thanks to its charm and proximity to the Portuguese border. A property in the area represents a sound investment because homes
are cheaper than their Portuguese equivalents, and land laws mean that it
will never become so built up that it is spoiled. National parks, farmland and
beautiful beaches all abound, and Chris Mercer of spanishproperty.co.uk says
that more homes will be built soon. More land will have to be made available
for development soon because demand is quite simply starting to outstrip
supply, he says. The government is being careful to preserve the natural
beauty and character though, so your investment should stay strong.
Now you will hear the recording again. Thats the end of Part 1
Part 2
You will hear a representative from British Waterways called
John Sampson talking about a canal network in England. For
questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
John: The extensive network which makes up the Grand Union Canal is,
without doubt, a truly extraordinary piece of engineering. Begun in the late
18th century, the majority of the canal system was built without the benefits
of modern technology or public finance. It is a truly grand canal. But why is
AUDIOSCRIPT
it known as the Grand Union Canal? From 1790 to 1929 a large number of
competing, independently owned canals were constructed, their waterways
not uniform in size and often unable to carry the larger vessels from other
sections. Through a series of takeovers, the various companies eventually
amalgamated and created a union of canals which could form a continuous
link between Birmingham, London and other important industrial areas. Along
every stretch of canal, you will find this heritage retained. Traditionally-painted narrow boats are still guided by original mile posts, while working examples of mills, pump houses, ancient locks and keepers cottages are a common sight on any journey.
The Grand Union Canal boasts an extraordinary variety of wildlife,
from feeding herons and hunting owls to rare water voles. Natural habitats
are numerous as a result of cleaner waters and the declining industrial traffic. The hedgerows and canal banks have proved an ideal location for a number of diverse species to thrive in this tranquil and often unique environment.
A car-free and carefree way to appreciate the beauty of the canal and at your own pace - is by walking. Whether you are looking for organised
or independent towpath walks, we can help you with your planning. Each
waterway office can supply information on circular walks, waterside pubs
plus suggested routes and specific points of interest. There are many stations within easy reach of the Grand Union Canal. Why not try a one-way
walk, returning to your starting point by train?
Were keen to encourage both experienced and inexperienced anglers
onto the well-stocked canal network and reservoirs. We lease certain sections to established clubs who welcome non-members for a small daily fee.
Before you fish, check with your local British Waterways office for information on access and availability. Rod licenses are obligatory, and can be
obtained from your local post office.
Last but not least, the towpaths are wonderful for cycling. Free of
traffic, free of fumes and free of hills. Miles of accessible towpaths through
some of Englands finest countryside. We can all share the delights of the
canal system so please be considerate to other users. Surfaces vary from
stony pathways to smooth asphalt - but thats all part of the enjoyment!
Now you will hear Part 2 again. Thats the end of Part 2.
Part 3
You will hear part of a radio interview with the comedian, Lenny
Henry. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D),
which fits best according to what you hear.
Interviewer: Lenny, you are currently studying English literature with the
Open University. Why English Literature? And why the Open University?
Lenny: All of the people I admire in showbiz are very, very smart. Quite a
lot of them have been to university and benefited from it. Doing my BA is
really helping me to structure my thoughts. Its helped me to understand
that good work is not an accident. You know the best writers like Flaubert
and George Eliot and people like that took a long time to plan their work
and the Open University has shown me that if you take the time to plan your
work and structure it properly, you can do well. Its just helped me organise
my thoughts a bit better and I think the challenge of producing an essay
every month or so is good, it keeps me on my toes.
Interviewer: Why do you think comedy is such a powerful fundraising tool?
Lenny: I think its powerful because if Im going to communicate with an
audience they remember something I said with a bit of a twinkle in the eye
better than boring old facts. There is a lot of really heartbreaking and moving documentary stuff on the Comic Relief night and if we can make people
laugh in between it softens the blow and cushions the effect of the harder
stuff we show.
Interviewer: This year is the tenth anniversary of Comic Relief, but theres
still a lot of poverty out there. Do you think it has made a real difference?
Lenny: I think it has made an immense difference. Its empowered the public,
given them the ideas and tools to raise money off their own back without
anybody telling them what to do. I think its fantastic when I come to Africa
and I see the grain banks, the new wells that have been built, the children
being inoculated and terraced mountains that have been funded by Comic
Relief. There are huge problems in Africa like HIV and Aids, but a drip of water
can erode a rock and I think Comic Relief is becoming a strong and mighty
drip. Weve got to keep going until the rock dissolves and it will dissolve but
its going to take a long time, so people have to stay committed.
Interviewer: Work for Comic Relief has taken you to some pretty
depressing places. How does seeing people coping with terrible poverty
affect you personally?
Lenny: Ive been in Addis Ababa. This time round I went to a place called
Debre Zeit where I watched this wonderful care worker called Fanti visiting
various people who were suffering from HIV. Even though these people were
in immense pain, there was a lot of dignity involved. And whats wonderful is
Comic Relief, by funding people like Fanti, are doing something to help.
Interviewer: Youve received numerous accolades and awards during your
career and you are a husband and father and a mammoth fundraiser. Do you
have any ambitions left?
Lenny: Id like to write something on my own that I feel was a good piece
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of work, and the only way Im going to do that is if I have confidence and
faith in my own ability. Ive always worked with other writers. Theres nothing
wrong with collaborating but Id love to write something on my own and
know it was good before I gave it to someone else to read. I think the Open
University is helping me to judge my work in a way that writing something
and giving it to someone to read for me simply doesnt.
Now youll hear Part 3 again. Thats the end of Part 3.
Part 4
Part 4 consists of two tasks.
You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking
about animals. For questions 21-25, choose from the list A-H the
person who is speaking. Now look at task 2. For questions 26-30,
choose from the list A-H what each speaker is expressing. While
you listen you must complete both tasks.
Speaker 1
Im proud of the relationship we have with the animals. Its not always easy
here, and there are days when I get deeply upset because an animal is sick
and nothing can be done to save it. On the other hand, were doing some
wonderful things in the way of conservation and we are linked up with satellites and with other institutions worldwide to keep track of certain species.
The value of this work cannot be underestimated. We are protecting different species for future generations to enjoy.
Speaker 2
I was always a very active person and Ive always been surrounded by animals. As a child we would have several cats and dogs in the house. Now that
I live in sheltered housing, my dog is good company for me. Id be tempted
not to leave the house at all some days, but he gives me a reason to get
some fresh air and exercise. I think Id put on a lot of weight if I didnt have
him. He keeps me young at heart too. On the whole, I prefer my own company but you do chat to people a lot when you have a dog. They are good ice
breakers.
Speaker 3
I have immense respect for animals. Well, lets face it, my life would be totally different without them. Its not just about companionship, its mutual trust.
We couldnt do without each other. What we could do without is people on
the street coming up to us and causing a distraction. I can understand why
it happens but people dont stop to think. Basically, shes doing a job and
people forget that.
Speaker 4
Its surprising how common animal allergies are. Ive been allergic to cats all
my life. My eyes start to water and I have trouble breathing. I have a lot of
patients with allergies of various kinds and finding the cause of the allergic
reaction can be quite tricky at times. I have one patient who is seriously
allergic to her dog but she insists on keeping it. Now that to me doesnt
make any sense at all - no matter how attached they may be to the animal.
Speaker 5
I have great respect for all the animals that I work with. Some people may
not approve of what I do or they may wonder how I can be so brave. Really
thats not what its all about. Its to do with years of training and experience
and knowing what you are doing. Theres no room for error in this job. We
used to have endangered species, but the climate has changed now and they
are no longer part of the show.
TEST 2
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
You will hear two people talking about a problem at work.
Now look at questions 1 and 2.
Man: One of my colleagues is always complaining about his job, or moaning about our boss, or the companys management. Its making other team
members dissatisfied because some of his complaints are true and its created a very negative atmosphere. Ive tried to speak to him about it, but now
he just thinks Im trying to be the boss favourite.
Woman: Well, Im not trying to question your analysis of the problem or your
motives for trying to sort it out, but I do suspect youve gone about trying to
solve it in a way that casts you, however unjustly, as a bit of a self-important
bore. Why dont two or three of you put your complaints to your boss in a fair
and constructive way? And, it might be a good idea to involve your unhappy
colleague in that.
AUDIOSCRIPT
EXTRACT 2
You will hear two people talking about how the woman got her
job. Now look at questions 3 and 4.
Janet: Im glad you persuaded me to go to the recruitment fair. It was
nothing like I thought it would be.
Paul: Yes, it was really interesting.
Janet: I was quite sure that I would become a translator before I went to
the fair because I was just about to finish my degree in modern languages. I
wandered up to a stall that was promoting careers in Public Relations, just
to have a nose really. I was blown away. It seemed perfect to suit my skills
and interests.
Paul: Well, Id been looking for a job in the papers and in employment agencies and I didnt find anything at the fair, but one of the employees I spoke to
there passed on my CV to the marketing and business development manager
and a week later I was invited for an interview. I couldnt believe my luck when
they offered me the position.
EXTRACT 3
You will hear two people talking about the mans job as a prison
officer. Now look at questions 5 and 6.
Man: Its not just a job for men you know and its a career where you can
achieve promotion very quickly.
Woman: Whats the salary like?
Man: Typically, graduates who join can expect to earn 28,000 within a
year and achieve two promotions within the first two years. Of course, you
can join up straight from school but it will take you longer to get to a higher position such as management.
Woman: To be honest, I didnt think I could ever do your job. Youve got to
be out of your mind to want to work with dangerous people like that, plus I
wouldnt have the courage to face violent criminals. You never know what
they are going to do next.
Man: Well, I just wanted to be sure of a career where I could do well without having to wait until I was a lot older.
Part 2
You will hear a woman talking about her job as a probation officer. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Woman: My background is from a family of six children from a council
estate where I saw friends drift in and out of crime. I had a desire to help
people see that there are choices in life. I was interested in probation work
but having left school with little in the way of qualifications, I never thought I
could do it. It was only after taking an IQ test that I realised that I might
have a chance.
After leaving school, I joined the army. Then I started to study for a
degree in Health and Social care. At the same time I was a volunteer for the
St. Johns Ambulance Service, the Probation Service and at a residential childrens school. Then I applied to be a trainee probation officer.
Time management is the most important skill, especially the need to prioritise deadlines, read and digest information and then write clear reports for
the courts. I also have to be able to interact with people from all walks of
life. There is a lot of one-to-one work with offenders and this requires you to
work through both your own and their emotional barriers.
Every day is different. Of a working week, about three days are spent in
the office with the remainder split between prison and being in court.
The best thing is that you get to work with a huge spectrum of people
from the homeless to professionals who have made mistakes. The worst
thing is that the job is generally very pressured and there are times when
you have to engage with people that have committed crimes that involve
domestic violence. That is really hard to take.
My role is currently that of Case Manager where I manage up to 35 offenders at one time. I liaise with the courts which is basically providing guidance
on the best sentence for people to be given. I also visit prisons where I am
involved in the release process. As a next step, Id see myself as a Practice
Manager, monitoring a team and ultimately Id like to be a senior Probation
Officer.
Part 3
You will hear part of a radio interview with an economist.
For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D), which fits
best according to what you hear.
Interviewer: Today we have the economist, Jim Bower in the studio. Jim,
according to the governments Women and Work Commission, women are
still earning 17% less than men. Now the government has released new policies to tackle gender equalities in pay, but will they be enough?
Jim: Well, according to the Fawcett Society, under the current system it will
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take about 80 years before women working full-time earn as much as their
male counterparts, and 140 years before part-time female workers catch up
with men. Despite girls consistently outperforming boys at GCSE, A level and
Degree, findings show that within three years of graduating women are still
earning less than men.
Interviewer: So would you say that inequality starts in the classroom?
Jim: According to the Equal Opportunities Commission, 15% of young people
in school are neither given advice nor encouraged into work experience
placements in professions dominated by the opposite sex. The governments
response in schools is being praised by most, and involves introducing new
schemes to give young girls better understanding of the wider choice of
careers available to them, but there is still room for improvement.
Interviewer: Do you think that the government is missing the point?
Jim: Well, instead of closing the gap between wages of men and women in
careers that require similar skill levels, the government is instead planning to
spend 20 million to raise the skill level of women working in these roles,
encouraging them to change careers altogether. This policy will only reduce
the available woman-power in these lower paid jobs. What we have to do is
revalue the kind of work that women are doing such as cleaning, catering
and caring for others - weve got to value it more highly.
Interviewer: Is it true to say that children cost mothers more than fathers?
Jim: According to the London School of Economics, mothers who returned
to their previous jobs as part-timers quickly fell behind their male colleagues
financially, and those that entered new jobs on a part-time basis did even
worse. Currently many companies still conform to stuffed shirt policies that
have no openings for part-time workers in senior positions. This is forcing a
large workforce of highly skilled and qualified women with young children out
of the boardroom, because they cannot deliver a 40-plus-hour week, and into
jobs below their capabilities. Basically, the whole system still needs further
reform if women are to have equal rights in the workplace and be able to
bring up a family too.
Interviewer: Im afraid thats all we have time for today. Jim, thank you
very much.
Jim: My pleasure.
Now youll hear Part 3 again. Thats the end of Part 3
Part 4
about work. For questions 21-25, choose from the list A-H the
Speaker 1
If you put all the countrys chief executives in one room, all they would produce would be a range of share options that would only benefit themselves
and a load of corporate waffle and gossip. We are the people that actually
organise and lay out coherently all the facts and figures. They wouldnt even
remember half of what was said if we didnt record it for them. Youd be
surprised what we know about a business. Our internal knowledge should
never be underestimated. I suppose I could earn a small fortune blackmailing
the many bosses Ive had over the years.
Speaker 2
One thing Ive learned quickly is never offer to make coffee. In many businesses there is a ritual where everyone waits hours for the first person to
say, Who wants coffee? That person then finds themselves in the kitchen
for the rest of the day working as a junior catering manager. I should know,
it happened to me when I first started here. Being the new person leaves
you vulnerable, especially as Im kind of on the lowest rung on the ladder.
Once Im qualified, Im going to get someone else to make coffee for me!
Speaker 3
I run a tight ship and the secret is not to allow time wasting. Half of every
working day is spent in meetings, half of which are not worth having, half the
time is wasted. Which means that nearly one third of office life is spent in
small rooms with people you dont like, doing things that dont matter. The
only reason people have so many meetings is that they are the one time you
can get away from your work, your phone or your customers. People say
that the secret of a good meeting is preparation. But if people really prepared for meetings, the first thing they would realise is that most are unnecessary. In fact, a tightly run meeting is one of the most frightening things in
office life. These are meetings for which you have to prepare, in which you
have to work and after which you have to take action.
Speaker 4
Ive always had a strong work ethic. I believe that the best way to approach
work is to write a list at the end of each day of what has to be achieved
the next day. Then, get the most important jobs done first. Most people do
the opposite and do the easy, trivial things first, but that difficult report is
not going to go away. I still maintain a routine in my life, although, of course,
the activities and jobs to be done have changed quite a lot. The working
environment is so different from my day. Im not exactly a technophobe, but
AUDIOSCRIPT
Im glad I havent got to learn how to do everything by computer. I escaped

the technological rat race just in time.
Speaker 5
I have to deal with everyone in the company to some extent. Everyone
knows me and I believe its important to try to keep some harmony between
my fellow workers. Being the first face they see, I try to be cheerful even if
Im not feeling on top form. Think how easy it is to upset someone at home
and then triple it: thats how easy it is to upset someone at work. Upsetting
your boss is the easiest thing to do. All you have to do is turn up and you
are in their bad books. Keeping on the right side of them is simply a matter
of anticipating their every whim and laughing at their pathetic jokes. People
at the bottom are also easily upset. Helping them do their job is only going
to be appreciated if you are the undisputed master of what they are trying
to do.
TEST 3
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
You will hear part of a radio interview.
Interviewer: Drivers will soon have to pay tolls to use Britains roads - or
face sitting in endless traffic jams, it has been claimed. A study by Bob Aldridge,
a former British airways chief executive has suggested that the move would
cut congestion in half. Bob, is this true?
Bob: Yes, unless steps are taken, Britain will soon grind to a halt, with 13%
of traffic reduced to stop-start conditions by 2025 and there will certainly
be more overcrowding on trains.
Interviewer: So are you in favour of road pricing?
Bob: Yes, good transport has a direct effect on the economy. But money
raised in any road pricing scheme must be ploughed back into transport network improvements. Air travellers should pay the full environmental costs of
their journey to make the industry sustainable but I think there is still a case
for expanding airport capacity. I dont however, believe there is much evidence in favour of building new high-speed rail lines. Longer trains would be
more cost-efficient.
EXTRACT 2
You will hear two friends talking about a trip one of them went
on. Now look at questions 3 and 4.
man: Dont you worry about travelling on your own abroad?
Woman: I lost count of the number of people who told me it was dangerous for a woman to be travelling on her own. As someone whose only experience of crime was being mugged outside my own home in London, I never
felt that I was taking any extra risks. Then again, I was always extremely
careful, plus it seems that believing the best about a place and its people is
often the very thing that helps keep you safe.
Man: But what about what happened to you in Thailand, with the military
coup? That must have been terrifying.
Woman: Well I know the media showed chaotic scenes with both tourists
and locals looking frightened and bewildered but by the following morning it
became clear that the coup had been bloodless and well organised and as
coups went, it almost wasnt exciting enough. I was fascinated by the whole
event so I didnt really have time to freak out. You ought to go to Thailand
its a wonderful place.
EXTRACT 3
You will hear two people talking about digital cameras.
Woman: You are the camera expert. What kind of camera should I buy for
my trip to Africa?
Man: Well, that depends why you are taking photographs.
Woman: Well, its not simply to have something to laugh over in the pub
after and Im not bothered about creating the greetings cards that I used to
do although I suppose I might show them somewhere one day. Its more
important to me that I have images to keep that reflect my own personal
experience of the places. Im not interested in taking typical pretty tourist
shots.
Man: Well, you probably need a good quality camera for what you want to
do. There are so many on the market now, it can be difficult to choose the
most appropriate one. If you just wanted to take snaps you would only need
one of the smaller size digital cameras. On the other hand a good digital
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camera with all the extras will satisfy your requirements. You dont need a
big bulky film camera these days to get a professional image.
Part 2
You will hear a radio report about British people buying holiday
homes abroad. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Speaker: Attracted by the prospect of their own place in the sun and an
easy way of making money, the number of British people owning a second
home abroad is booming as never before. Around 800,000 British households
now own a second home abroad, up by 15 percent since June 2004, according to research published this week.
The boom has been fuelled by television programmes about people buying
abroad and assisted by the rise in property values in Britain, low interest
rates and the availability of cheap no-thrill flights. A better climate remains
the main reason, with more than half of the nearly 2,000 people questioned
giving that as their principal reason for buying overseas. However, an
increasing number are seeking to invest in new-builds, with 40 per cent of
respondents saying that making money was their prime motivation, while 38
percent wanted a future retirement property and somewhere to take their family.
A senior financial analyst said that the property boom has increased levels of
housing equity while the low interest rate environment has allowed other
prospective property purchasers to take advantage of relatively cheap borrowing.
Overall, Spain remains the most popular destination for living abroad, with 43
percent naming it as their preferred location; next is France, followed by
Australia and Italy. Despite the increased interest in eastern European countries, they still remain a target for a minority, with only 7 percent choosing
such destinations.
People like Bulgaria, because it is a short flight from London, enjoys a
Mediterranean-style climate in summer as well as skiing in the winter. It has
safe swimming in the Black Sea and boasts the cheapest property prices in
Europe. Additionally, it is about to join the EU and low-cost airlines are
expected to expand their routes there.
However, many of the latest wave of buyers plunged in without considering
the consequences after watching television programmes. Generally, it tends
to work better if you want a holiday home rather than an investment,
because a lot of people dont realise that tax and inheritance laws are different abroad. Plus, ownership rights can also be problematic.
Part 3
You will hear an interview with a man who enjoys ice-skating in
the Netherlands. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C
or D), which fits best according to what you hear.
Interviewer: When winter comes, get yourself to the Netherlands, strap on
some skates and swoop along the canals and frozen fields. For Conrad
Wimmer, its the only way to travel. Conrad, how did your passion for skating begin?
Conrad: Well, my passion started 15 years ago when I was living in the
canal-crossed city of Delft during a ten-day freeze. Id already studied skating technique as demonstrated by the muffled-up skaters in the paintings of
Averkamp and Brueghal. I joined friends to swoop and glide across the ice. Well
actually it was more skids and tumbles, but with a bit of practice on the local
duck pond I mastered a rough approximation of the classic skate pose. Hands
clasped behind my back, and legs lazily scissoring back and forth.
Interviewer: So how can someone join in with this wonderful ice frolicking?
Conrad: Ah, theres the problem. Unlike mountains or oceans, which are
always there to climb up or sail across, a good freeze only comes from a
win in the climatic lottery. Thus the chance for the Dutch to be wild adventurers on their own land comes only every few years.
Interviewer: And then, I guess, a few keen skaters skid around on the ice
for a day or two, right?
Conrad: No, actually. Pretty much the whole country closes down while
everyone takes to the ice. Kids traditionally demand ice time, but then so do
all the adults!
Interviewer: Still, surely you must need to be an obsessive skater to
attempt the long tours?
Conrad: Only if you want to skate the 200km cross-country race around
the eleven cities course in less than seven hours. Even then, 16,000 non-racing amateurs start before dawn to follow the same 200km, with most managing to cross the finish line before midnight. But racing aside, if you explore
the frozen canals of the Netherlands youll enter the wonderful, romantic
world of the authentic, traditional Netherlands - a country of hidden farmyards, lazy cattle and interesting locals who look as though they are from
another era. Youll glide across solidified frozen lakes with fish frozen into
the ice. Occasionally signs will lean out of holes in the ice announcing dangerous ice as the surface cracks and groans with shifting temperatures. And
youll see lines of laughing skaters shooting past like colourful water snakes.
Interviewer: Finally Conrad, do you have any tips for the novice skater?
AUDIOSCRIPT
Conrad: Well, for a start forget the hardcore all-in-one skates. Learn from
the skaters on the old paintings who wore normal boots with blades
attached to them. Theyre cheap to buy secondhand or new. Never skate
alone, or away from other skaters, and always stick to recognised routes
where the ice has been checked for strength. Avoid ice under bridges, near
to factory outflows, under trees or close to locks. Fields flooded to make
outdoor rinks provide the safest place to learn on.
Figuring out how to stop should be your first priority, and for goodness
sake keep warm. Speedy skaters - you never know, you might be a natural! tuck sheets of newspaper down the front of their trousers to avoid windchillassisted hypothermia.
Part 4
about their experiences travelling abroad. For questions 21-25,
choose from the list A-H the person who is speaking. Now look
at task 2. For questions 26-30, choose from the list A-H what
each speaker is expressing. While you listen you must complete
both tasks.
Speaker 1
Ive worked here for many years and it is now possible to tackle the Sydney
Harbour Bridge from the inside. Since 1998 visitors have been able to teeter
over the top of the structure, if they were brave enough, to reach the apex,
134m above the sea. The new climb, through the core of its construction,
means you can now marvel at this much-loved landmark from the interior. In
addition to the stomach-churning views of the harbour, you get to climb up
the staircase between the inner and the outer arches to reach the top. I can
tell you, this is whats really attracting the crowds. Ive never been so busy!
Speaker 2
Ive just returned from my 67th visit to Iceland. But when I mentioned this
interesting fact to a friend he politely pointed out that I was pathetically
sad. Dont I have anything better to do than count how many times Ive been
to the same place, and havent I recorded everything there is to know about
it? But actually I dont agree with him. Well not entirely anyway. I think its
been time well spent. But on the other hand, maybe he has got a point. Can I
justify going back to Iceland? I do love it there, or should I strive to go
somewhere new every time I go away now so that I really broaden my horizons? Well see.
Speaker 3
I thought my days in Colombias coffee region would begin with a freshly
ground coffee and perhaps a maize cake and some scrambled eggs while I
gazed at the mist rising in the valleys. I couldnt have been more wrong. We
were up at the crack of dawn and marching up the mountain before I was
really awake. Once wed reach a fair way up the instructors from the nearby
town, attached a wire to the cable above me in a casual manner as I wondered how safe the clips were. They assured me that everything was fine
and before I knew it I was speeding across the coffee plantations, held on
only by the aforementioned, dubious clips and cable. Of course, they were
right and I had the ride of my life and remained in one piece.
Speaker 4
It was mid-August and I was on a ferry that was more crowded than an
Indian river boat. I had a few hours in between flying back to the UK and I
thought Id pop over to see the joys of Venice. My family had flown out for a
few days and Id met up with them while I was off duty. As Campanile came
into view, it looked stunning.
Is it really floating in the water? asked my two children nervously. They
looked shocked when I told them that it was actually sinking. As soon as we
disembarked, Joe stamped his foot on the pavement and his younger sister
looked up at me expectantly.
There you go, safe as houses. I said. They seemed reassured but I got
some funny looks from the locals.
Speaker 5
It was a beautiful drive down to the Italian forest on our search for
truffles. I was with one of the worlds experts on fungi and I could think of
nobody better qualified to teach me how to prepare this delicacy. We went
armed with a funny-looking helper in the form of Kiki, a scruffy, grey-haired
dog that bounded out of the truck with great enthusiasm when we finally
stopped in the forest.
He never fails me. said my companion. It seemed that kiki was the
regions best truffle hunter. I found this a little incredible. How could a dog
find truffles buried in the ground, especially in such a dense forest with so
much thick vegetation on the ground? But my doubts were proved to be
unfounded. Kiki certainly was the canine king of truffle hunting. That night we
dined on the exquisite rewards of our hunt and I had another delicacy to
pass on to my customers back home.
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TEST 4
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
You will hear two people talking about their grandparents.
Man: Ive just got back from visiting my grandfather. Its been ages since I
last saw him. I really miss him now that we live so far apart.
Woman: Where does he live?
Man: Up in Scotland in a tiny fishing village. Its beautiful up there and it
really suits his character as its such a serene and isolated place and yet
theres a really warm community spirit.
Woman: All my grandparents have passed away, sadly. But, my fathers parents were great fun when we were kids. We used to do all sorts of things
together.They usually had more energy than we did to be honest. Theyd
take us on hikes over the hills and we could barely keep up with their great
strides. They thought it was hilarious, watching us panting behind them.
EXTRACT 2
You will hear two people talking about their childhood.
Woman: You always got away with murder because you were the baby of
the family.
Man: No, I was just better behaved than you.
Woman: Sure you were. Thats why you were always finding excuses for all
the things you did and blaming stuff on us when you were about to get
caught.
Man: Its not my fault if I was smarter than you.
Woman: Cunning would be a better way of putting it. It had nothing to do
with intelligence. In fact, you were a bit of a dunce at primary school.
Man: Oh cheers! Well I certainly made up for it didnt I? Wheres your degree
then clever clogs?
EXTRACT 3
You will hear two people talking about their partners.
Paul: How are things between you and Brian, Jenny?
Jenny: Oh you know, the same old situation. I dont see why he bothered to
propose. I doubt if we will ever get round to tying the knot. I think his
divorce really affected him more deeply than hes prepared to admit.
Paul: Dont be so harsh on him. You need to look on the bright side. You
have a great relationship and the very fact that he has proposed shows that
hes committed to you. He just needs a bit more reassurance. Be supportive
and have some fun together. You two both work too hard.
Part 2
You will hear a report about the 11-plus exam in Britain. For
questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Speaker: Children as young as eight are being tutored to pass the 11-plus
exam as competition for grammar school places increases. But many struggle when they arrive and the experience can be damaging, say leading headteachers. Experts also say, over-tutoring does not significantly help. The
warnings follow a Times investigation which found that parents are spending
up to 1,500-a-year on personal tutors to get their children into the 164 surviving grammar schools. These schools admit to receiving, on average, five
applications for every place.
Headteachers warned this week that the practice could be damaging
childrens confidence and risks undermining academic performance later in
school life. Dr Mike Walker, headmaster of a grammar school in Chelmsford
said that the nature of 11-plus type exams requires accuracy at speed, and
with unpredictable questions, tutoring can only teach familiarity and technique. What is fundamentally important is whats appropriate for an individual.
If a child is tutored above their natural level of capability for any exam then
they could have a miserable time on joining the school.
The Grammar School Association estimates that 75,000 children
annually sit the 11-plus for only 20,000 places. Its chairman said that children
should not be pushed beyond their natural ability to pass the 11-plus. If they
are over-tutored then there is a chance they may become unhappy during
their subsequent seven years at school.
A study by Bristol University in 2004 showed that children from disadvantaged backgrounds are less likely to go to grammar schools than their
AUDIOSCRIPT
more affluent peers, even if they are just as clever. In the 19 counties where
significant selection remains, just 2 per cent of pupils attending grammar
schools are entitled to free school meals, compared with 12 per cent at
other secondary schools in those areas.
The number of children being tutored to pass the 11-plus has been
fuelled by the growth in websites offering coaching for children. Prices for
online tutoring differ hugely, but some parents are paying up to 1,500 for
one-year courses. One web-based tutoring service offers a 91-hour course
costing 1,365 with an additional 285 for materials. Tutors offer contradictory advice about the suitability of courses as preparation for the 11-plus.
One website claims these courses gradually prepare children as young as
eight for the exam, but another suggests that it is never too late to start
preparation.
Part 3
You will hear two psychologists talking about modern childhood.
Daniel: I hope this isnt going to deteriorate into a What is childhood? discussion - the one about solemn little miniature adults in old portraits and
infants who toiled from dawn to dusk in the fields, and poor unfortunates
whipped within an inch of their lives by sadistic schoolteachers. Or, alternatively, a debate about the adventures of Huck Finn and the Famous Five, and
apparent carefree innocence. There have been many versions of childhood in
fact and fiction, and I dare say therell be many more.
Louise: Well, according to a recent newspaper report, childhood is dying. So
those cheeky little scamps I saw challenging each other to throw their school
bags on top of a bus-stop must have been a figment of my imagination. Or
perhaps they were making a political stand against the rigidities of the formal curriculum. Who knows? Apparently a group of adults do. Academics and
professionals have put their signatures to a letter, subsequently championed
by the Daily Telegraph newspaper and the Tory Party, articulating the fall of
childhood innocence. My heart is with the sentiments of this campaign, but I
worry that it loses sight of practical wisdom.
Daniel: At birth, all children are distractible, impulsive, egocentric creatures,
but by the time they reach teenage years we expect them - as a result of
their experiences, environment and education - to have acquired a degree of
self-control, an ability to see other peoples points of view and the basic
skills needed to enjoy their life ahead.
Its the development from babyhood to adolescence that I investigated for
my book, Toxic Childhood, and my conclusion was that many children in
Britain today are indeed being robbed of the chance of a healthy childhood.
Many reach adolescence with poor attention spans and self-control and a
distinct lack of empathy for the people around them. Their main basic skill is
ticking boxes on tests, and this is scandalous.
Louise: As one of the richest, most highly developed nations in the world,
we really should be able to provide the sort of childhood that allows the
next generation to grow up happy, healthy and civilised. Instead many of our
children have developed a taste for unhealthy food, a couch-potato lifestyle
and have related problems with sleeping.
An unacceptable number suffer from inadequate early emotional bonding, lack of interaction with their parents and a high level of emotional instability. Rather than stimulating, real-life experiences, children have TV and
computer games at home and a narrow test-and-target driven curriculum at
school.
Moral guidance has suffered as societies have become increasingly
confused, while children are constantly exposed to manipulative advertising
and the excesses of celebrity culture. In a recent survey of childrens wellbeing among the countries of the European Union, the UK came 21st out of
25. We should be ashamed of ourselves.
Daniel: Yes, I believe we are robbing our children of something we could
provide: the conditions in which we grow up bright, balanced and wellbehaved. Somehow in the turmoil of rapid social, cultural and technological
change over the last 20 years or so, our society has lost sight of essential
truths about child development and education.
As a nation, we need to provide parents with information on childrens developmental needs, including real food, real play, first-hand experience and real-life interaction with the significant adults in their lives. Since
parents are terrified by media hysteria about stranger danger and the
fevered imaginings of the health and safety lobby, they also need information
about the real dangers from which children should be protected - for
instance, TVs and other technological paraphernalia in their bedrooms.
As a profession, teachers should refuse to participate in the drive to
accelerate childhood with an ever-earlier start to formal education and a
competitive winners-and-losers approach to primary education. We should
boycott the tests, targets and league tables and do what we as professionals know is best for children. Its time we stopped robbing the next generation of their right to grow up healthy, happy and whole.
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Part 4
Part 4 consists of two tasks. You will hear five short extracts in
which people are talking about workaholism. For questions 21-25,
both tasks.
AUDIOSCRIPT
weekends. Americans tend not to engage in that kind of nicety. There is

something to be said for civility, but at times it can get in the way of
progress.
TEST 5
Part 1
Speaker 1
The word workaholic implies were addicted to work in the way that
alcoholics are addicted to drink; that we are out of control. And I see no evidence anywhere to suggest that there has been an increase in actual addiction to work. Im out and about and work strange hours, depending on whats
happening in the world on a particular day. In todays labour market of flexitime and remote working, we probably work fewer hours overall. And the
people who are working too hard are not the poor masses, they are the corporate lawyers in air-conditioned offices; the senior people who manage their
own working hours.
Most of them are not paid overtime, so the obvious conclusion is
that they are working because theyre committed to what theyre doing. Its
not something thats going to be solved by governments or regulations: predominantly, its an internal conflict. I really wanted to be good at my job and
I enjoy presenting the facts in an honest and unbiased way. That involves a
lot of research and a lot of time out at events and incidents. But, I also
want to go home and spend time with my kids.
Speaker 2
I worked for years with companies such as Saatchi, and Id regularly
be up at 5am. I did it because I was passionate about my work, and commanding good money, and thats a heady thing to resist. I prided myself on
my creativity and the fact that my work directly increased the turnover and
status of the companies I promoted. I had a sleeping bag under my desk at
work and eventually when my wife threw me out, I lived in the storeroom.
One day my brain just went bang. I came home from work and it was as if
my whole body had shut down. I had to create some boundaries, to safeguard my home life, creativity and sanity.
Today, I have my own business. I do the same thing as I did before
but Im usually home by 6.30pm and with the kids at weekends. The key has
been working less, and more intuitively. Workaholism is not about putting in
the necessary hours, its about not being able to make up your mind. Its lack
of clarity, hedging bets, staying late and going with 60 options instead of the
one right one.
Speaker 3
My stresses are not the stresses of a managing director in the City,
but they are financial and physical: stooping down, straining my back, carrying heavy equipment every day. You have to make a lot of sacrifices just to
survive in a city like London. The cost of living is very high and its hard to
find work. I would like to work as an administrator or a translator but
because I have bills to pay I do a manual, boring job because I know I can
rely on the work. I work probably 45 hours a week to be able to afford my
lifestyle - which is a room in a shared household with many other people. Im
not complaining. Its OK, it is honest work and it keeps me fit, but it is not
necessarily what I imagined myself doing at 38. Maybe a managing director
lives to work, but I am working to live. If he is a workaholic, it is because he
loves his job. That is a privilege and a luxury. If he works too much it is out
of choice; If I work too much it is out of necessity.
Speaker 4
I love my job. I am a conscientious worker. I spend most of my time
working and my mind is always full of work. Mentally youre always on duty
with this kind of work. I believe we all have a need to be a functioning part
of society and, strange as it sounds, just having to pay my taxes makes me
feel as though Im contributing to society. As a nation, our identities are
bound up with our jobs. In my job there is an element of danger and so there
has to be discipline and order but it also defines who I am. The first question
people ask each other is, What do you do? But there is a line between a
committed, contributing and conscientious worker and somebody who really
doesnt know when to put his pen down and go home. If workaholism is on
the rise, then thats a sad symptom of modern life. These are people who
dont watch their children grow up because they are too busy playing golf
with the boss. Sadly, they are also the ones who seem to die within two or
three years of retiring.
Speaker 5
I have brought my workaholic attitude over with me. Im in the office
at the crack of dawn until early evening, dealing with branches all over the
world. I havent seen any worrying evidence of workaholism here. People here
take their work/life balance pretty seriously; they are religious about their
weekends. You get 27 days holiday here, and feel an obligation to take all
27. In the US, in my field, no one ever took all 20 holiday days. After all, the
world of finance never really stops for a break. I also find the Brits mix work
and socialising to a far greater extent than we do in the States. Here, you
cant get going on a Monday morning unless you first ask about peoples

EXTRACT 1
You will hear two people talking about wildlife in the area they
live in. Now look at questions 1 and 2.
Man: You know, I find it quite astounding the way that people flock through
this area to go birdwatching and yet on route they are completely oblivious
to the marvel of the birds here on [in] the Lowlands.
Woman: I know. Every Friday night when Im driving home from the shop,
the motorway plays host to a rush of weekend visitors, buzzing past the flat
lowlands, on their way to the hillier areas of Dartmoor and Exmoor.
Man: It seems its a locals well-kept secret that the starlings dance in the
sky here is probably one of the best natural sights there is to be seen in
this area. It makes me want to stop them all and tell them.
Woman: Maybe its not such a bad thing. Theyd start to build tea shops
and car parks and the area would be ruined.
EXTRACT 2
You will hear two people talking about a disturbance in the
night. Now look at questions 3 and 4.
Woman: Did you hear that terrible racket last night?
Man: Yes, it woke me up.
Woman: It sounded like a battleground. I thought it was a gang of youngsters messing around at first.
Man: I went to investigate because I thought we might have prowlers.
Woman: There has been a spate of burglaries in this area recently. I did
consider calling the police but I couldnt see anyone out of the window.
Man: Well, from the mess around our rubbish bins this morning it was obvious what it was as there was litter everywhere where it had been looking
for food.
Woman: Our bins werent touched but Im glad my cat was in or it could
have been eaten. Now you will hear the recording again.
EXTRACT 3
You will hear two people discussing a site where domestic rubbish is officially dumped.
Woman: I can see why people are campaigning to block the new landfill
site as the one just outside town is pretty smelly and unsightly. But, on the
other hand, it provides food for many species of birds.
Man: Well, yes, its a fact that some species have seen their numbers
increase substantially due to the abundance of insects and worms found on
or around the dumps.
Woman: If the new site isnt opened - and in fact the original one may be
closed - it could send the bird population into decline again in this area.
Man: But it has been argued that birds feeding on these sites, regularly die
of poisoning.
Woman: I dont know if the council will opt for incineration instead of creating more tips, but I think that the smoke from the incinerators causes
more pollution than the tips do.
Man: Ive heard that the whole thing has been put on hold until more
research can be carried out.
Thats the end of Part 1
Part 2
You will hear part of a radio report about marine life in the UK.
For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Speaker: Nowhere is the need for the ecosystem-based management more
pressing than in British waters. According to WWF-UK, our marine environment is facing more problems than ever, not only from conventional threats
such as overfishing, pollution and coastal development, but also from sand
and gravel extraction and construction associated with off-shore wind farms
and the sequestration of carbon dioxide. Those species most in danger
include the turtle, shark, Atlantic salmon and pink coral, while such habitats
as salt marshes and seagrass and maerl beds also face considerable pressure.
At present, specific areas within UK waters are protected according to UK
and EU legislation as Marine Nature Reserves or special Areas of
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Page 42
Conservation. But these areas are failing to halt the decline. Scientists recommend that 20-30 per cent of the marine environment should be fully protected from damaging and extractive activities. However, at present, the
only region in which all species and their habitats are managed in this way is
a 3.3-square- kilometre area off the east coast of Lundy Island in the Bristol
Channel - a mere 0.002 per cent of our waters.
Organisations such as the MCS, the British Sub-aqua Club and WWF-UK are
currently campaigning for the creation of a network of highly protected
marine reserves - what the fishing industry would call no-take zones - where
all extractive activities are prohibited. Case studies from around the world
show that fully protected reserves are the only way to maintain marine biodiversity. Its quite clear that the current system is inadequate. We have to
protect a representative number of habitats as a whole if we are to stop
the decline of wildlife in UK waters. Not only do we need a network of protected areas, we should also manage fisheries from the perspective of biodiversity and the health of the ecosystem. Historically, weve always looked at
these things independently, so at the policy level, fisheries arent integrated
into the planning process. They are considered separately from environmental issues. So when fisheries councils consider stocks and quotas and so on,
they dont consider the environmental impact unless they have some impact
on the stock. We need an overall strategy for marine spatial management
that considers the impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems not just the stocks.
Part 3
You will hear part of a radio interview about fox hunting. For
questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D), which fits best
according to what you hear.
Interviewer (woman): Given that its been two years since the ban on
hunting with hounds came into effect, its a strange experience to attend a
fox hunt these days. Strange, because they seem to operate in the same
way they did before the ban. At a hunt in north Dorset, I watched as hounds
sniffed around a thicket as if there were a fox hiding within it. If a fox had
been there and it broke cover, the dogs would surely have given chase.
Today we have Brian Hook in the studio. Brian is a hunt monitor for the
International Fund for Animal Welfare. Brian, what is the situation these days?
Brian: Well, Sally, it seems to us that most hunts have barely changed
their modus operandi. A reasonable person seeing hounds chasing foxes from
one part of the countryside to the other would believe they are hunting. I
attend at least three hunts a week during the season, but thats out of 200
that go out about twice a week. There is no way we can possibly know
what is going on everywhere.
Interviewer: Clearly monitoring hunts is never going to be a police priority
is it? But, it has to be said that this law has attempted to eradicate the
hunters way of life and they will do anything to keep the infrastructure in
place.
Brian: Well there is another issue here and that is that it is very difficult for
the police to get a successful prosecution because you have to prove intent.
Hunts can go out with their hounds and draw them through a cover. Its
called trail hunting and its perfectly legal. If the hounds chase, catch and kill
a fox, then in order to prosecute, the police need not only evidence, but
have to prove that the huntsman intended this to happen.
Interviewer: But there have been successful prosecutions, havent there?
Brian: Yes. In 2006, Exmoor Foxhounds huntsman, Richard Black was found
guilty of breaking the ban after two hounds were filmed hunting a fox. Black
argued that he was using the hounds to flush the fox so that it could be
shot, which is permitted under an exemption to the act. But the magistrate
found that Black had failed to shoot the fox as soon as possible after it had
been flushed, and to keep the hounds under his control. Hunts have since
been advised not to hunt using the exemptions, because they are more likely
to be prosecuted.
Interviewer: What impact do you believe the hunting act is having on the
countryside?
Brian: It was always intended to be a welfare bill. People are saying more
foxes are being killed because more are being shot. A minority believes the
opposite, that the countryside will be overrun with foxes. Basically the aim
of the bill was to stop them being killed inhumanely. Where people disagree
is over whether hunting is more or less humane than shooting as some people claim that shooting is less reliable as some foxes are not cleanly shot
and may suffer for days before they die.
Interviewer: This debate has been going on for many years, and given
that there are no hard statistics on wounding rates, and that your view on
the relative humaneness of being torn apart by dogs is bound to be subjective, its not going to be resolved in the near future. So, even though hunting
most mammals with dogs is now illegal, the debate is very much alive and
looks as though it will continue for the foreseeable future and the animal
rights activists will continue to be busy.
AUDIOSCRIPT
Part 4
about animals. For questions 21-25, choose from the list A-H the
Speaker 1
There are very strict laws now about the movement of animals, especially
from abroad. But, unfortunately some people still smuggle animals into the
country as people will pay a high price for them. The fact that they are
endangering many species by doing this doesnt seem to bother them. Of
course, we dont deal in anything illegal as there are plenty of interesting
creatures that can be purchased without having to break the law.
Speaker 2
Obviously in different parts of the world the problem of animal conservation
varies. In my work I try to capture the essence of the animal. I have tremendous respect for animals and I am aware that my job can be quite dangerous if I get too close. Its upsetting when you come across something like a
wounded deer that has been shot. I always do my best to contact the
authorities in that situation so that it can be put out of its misery.
Speaker 3
Yes, its true that I make a living out of wild animals in a way and Id like to
think that Im quite knowledgeable about the animals in Africa. People come
all year round to take hundreds of photographs. They all want an elephant
and a big cat. I dont think the tourists I escort harm the environment though
and if every now and then we have to shoot a threatening animal to protect
our clients - well, thats the law of the jungle as they say - Im not going to
lose any sleep over it.
Speaker 4
Its becoming harder and harder to survive in our trade. Everything is changing - thanks largely to the huge supermarket chains who want to pay us the
absolute minimum. After expenses theres very little money left for us and
they are on a huge profit. We are in danger of becoming a dying breed, and
if that happens, people will get a nasty shock. Even the vegetarians would
have a problem. Where will they get their dairy products if we are put out of
business?
Speaker 5
So, I may get caught. It wouldnt be the first time. I got a small fine last
time and that was it. No big deal. I feel so strongly about this cause that I
will never give up. I have a full time job but Im prepared to give up all my
free time to protect these unfortunate creatures. Im sick of people justifying
such atrocities. And, if it means that I have to be in violent situations, so be
it. As long as it wakes people up to what is really going on in these places.
Someone has to take a stand.
TEST 6
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
You will hear two people talking about a lost Leonardo Da Vinci
painting. Now look at questions 1 and 2.
Woman: After thirty years on the trail of Leonardo Da Vinci's lost masterpiece, The Battle of Anghiari, an Italian engineer and art expert, Maurizio
Seracini thinks he is about to solve one of the art worlds greatest mysteries.
Seracini: Please dont make me out to look like Indiana Jones searching
for the lost ark. Im more like a mixture between a doctor and a detective.
Woman: Well, your unassuming manner and typical professors appearance
couldnt be further from Harrison Fords image.
Seracini: Ive been using medical and military technology such as thermography, X-ray and radar scans to look behind a mural painted by Vasari, a
great admirer of Da Vinci's work. It looks like Vasari probably put a wall in
front of Da Vinci's mural to paint his own commissioned painting without
damaging Da Vinci's.
EXTRACT 2
You will hear two people talking about the new Sylvester
Stallone film. Now look at questions 3 and 4.
Man: What did you think of the film then? Was it as good as youd expected it to be?
Woman: Well the plot was a bit thin and the fast car chases made it a bit
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like a mafioso film. Id expected it to be more romantic from all the reviews
that Id read about it.
Man: Yes, I agree, it was the same old Rambo stuff really, wasnt it?
Although I quite enjoyed the car chases and the boxers punching each others
lights out.
Woman: I guess it was an improvement on his last movie and I wouldnt
mind buying the soundtrack, but then Stallone isnt on that, is he?
EXTRACT 3
You will hear two people talking about sailing.
Woman: Look at those yachts. Some of them are stunning, arent they?
They must be worth a million. Talk about luxury.
Man: Well yes, exactly. Your average man or woman off the street couldnt
take up sailing for a hobby - not in one of those yachts anyway. Its an
expensive pastime.
Woman: Im completely in awe of those intrepid chaps who go out there
against waves as a big as a house.
Man: They are daft if you ask me. No not really, I admire those kind of
sailors too. Youve got to have your wits about you. After all, its not about
being good in the water, its about staying out of the water!
Thats the end of Part 1
Part 2
You will hear a radio report about an art exhibition. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Speaker: A major new exhibition traces the decline of the absolute monarchy and rise of the Enlightenment that swept through Northern Europe in the
18th and 19th centuries, and shows how portraits reflected the revolutionary
changes of that era. Called Citizens and Kings, the show at Londons Royal
Academy of Arts gathers works by artists like Goya, Ingres, Joshua Reynolds,
Jaques-Louis David and Thomas Gainsborough. The early works feature kings
and queens in their pomp and finery, confident in the supreme power they
believe they have been given as their birth right.
But war and revolution in the United States and France challenged
that assumption, and painters and sculptors began to portray Enlightenment
leaders as statesmen weighed down by civic duty and championing reason
and scientific development. Philosophers, naturalists and poets became
favoured subjects along with the tools of their trade, the aristocracy with its
privileges and family portraits lost their dynamic stiffness to take on new
intimacy and affection.
According to Mary Anne Stevens, exhibition curator, the intention of
the exhibition was to survey a period in history where the Western World
was undergoing seismic changes. The first room shows a 1789 painting of
Frances Louis XVI by Antoine-Francois Callet, where the king stands in his full
regalia with a scepter and staff of justice, all in a grand architectural setting.
Four years later he would be executed a few months before his wife, Marie
Antoinette, in a death that changed European attitudes to the monarchy.
The American and French upheavals of the late-18th century brought
with them radical changes in the way the two nations were captured on canvas. George Washington, in a painting by Gilbert Stuart dated around 1800,
wears a sober black outfit and stands back with a large hat, quill and inkwell
for writing and two historic books in his hands. Significant political changes
become clear when comparing two portraits of women separated by just
one year. In 1789, the beginning of the French Revolution, Elisabeth VigeeLebrun paints a French Comtesse sitting on an elegant Rococo sofa in a fine
white dress and large rimmed hat, confidently confronting the onlooker. In
1790, David paints the Marquise D'Orvilliers demurely dressed, looking to one
side and against a neutral background showing that she had lost her social
standing. The exhibition also includes Enlightenment heroes whose claim to
fame was talent rather than birth, including the scientist James Hutton in a
distinctly unglamorous pose next to fossils and shells that signify his scientific discoveries.
Part 3
You will hear an interview with a yoga teacher. For questions
15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D), which fits best according to what you hear.
Man: What comes into your mind when you hear the word yoga? Well, if
you think of women in seemingly impossible poses, that require endless practice, then you may have an inkling of what yoga is. But thats it - an inkling.
Youve got a long way to go before fully understanding yoga. I am certainly
no expert, but I have someone in the studio today who can let us in on the
AUDIOSCRIPT
yoga secret. Sarah, welcome to the show.

Sarah: Thank you, John. Well yoga is an ancient Indian body of knowledge
that dates back more than 5000 years ago. The word Yoga comes from
the Sanskrit word yuj which means to unite or integrate. Ancient Yogis
had a belief that in order for man to be in harmony with himself and his environment, he has to integrate the body, the mind and the spirit. For these
three to be integrated, emotion, action and intelligence must be in balance.
The yogis formulated a way to achieve this balance and it is done through
exercise, breathing and meditation - the three main yoga structures.
There is a general misconception that in meditation, your mind has to
go blank. It doesnt have to be so. In meditation, students bring the activities
of the mind into focus resulting in a quiet mind. By designing physical poses
and breathing techniques that develop awareness of our body, yoga helps us
focus and relieves us from our everyday stress.
Man: So what does one need to get started with yoga? I get the impression that you dont need any special equipment. Is that correct?
Sarah: Yes, you basically dont need anything to practice yoga. The important thing is your attitude - a big heart and a small ego. Some loose fitting
clothes and a small secluded spot in your house will be enough for you to
start with. A balanced diet also adds a great deal in yoga practice. A four
hour interval between meals is advised. To get to know the basic postures,
you can buy an introduction book, video or DVD.
Man: There are so many books, DVDs, videos etc; how can someone know
which one to buy? How can we know if someone really knows what they are
talking about or if its dangerous to follow their advice? I mean, it seems to
me that you could do yourself a lot of damage if you dont know what you
are doing and there isnt a professional instructor to keep an eye on you.
Ive heard horror stories of people getting physically stuck practising yoga.
Sarah: You have some valid concerns there John and I think the best advice
is to go for a few classes with an instructor and then if you want to purchase a
book or DVD, make sure it is by someone who is qualified to teach yoga.
You can do yoga at different times of the day. Practising first thing in the
morning is an excellent way to revitalise the mind and body, while practising
yoga, breathing and meditation exercises at night helps induce a deep, restful sleep. Like in regular exercise, you always start with the easy poses to
condition your body for the more difficult exercise that follows. Do not strain
yourself. Pause when you feel pain or fatigue. As little as 15 minutes of
breathing and meditation each day can yield benefits.
Man: So how does someone decide if yoga is for them?
Sarah: Yoga is for anyone who is willing to learn its ways and ideas. All you
require is the will to have a healthier, stress-free self. You may first
approach yoga as a way to achieve a great body or to keep fit and that is
perfectly alright. Yoga really does improve your entire skeletal system. But,
do not just take advantage of what yoga can offer. Yoga encourages you to
reflect on yourself and to find your inner peace. It exercises not just your
body but your mind as well. With a healthy body and mind, youre on your
way to a more fulfilling life.
Part 4
which people are talking about extreme sports. For questions 2125, choose from the list A-H the person who is speaking. Now
look at task 2. For questions 26-30, choose from the list A-H
what each speaker is expressing. While you listen you must
complete both tasks.
Speaker 1
Mountain bike Endurance Races are becoming more popular through the
years. These events are well-known to the non-professional and recreational
riders like myself as these are more like races against oneself. Unlike Lap
Racing, Endurance Racing courses are either larger laps or point-to-point.
Rehydration and refreshments may be taken anytime and anywhere.
Assistance between competitors is allowed in order to promote camaraderie
amongst riders. This sport keeps me fit and absolutely doesnt allow me to
smoke, which is something I preach about to my patients all the time but I
have struggled to completely quit myself.
Speaker 2
People of almost all ages can enjoy this sport and recreation. There are
many diving variations that you can try. Some of these are recreational diving, cave diving, wreck diving and professional diving. Each one guarantees a
different kind of adventure and experience you will never forget. No matter
what type of diving you try, you can be sure that it will be exciting and fun.
It will also be educational since you get to know the various facets of
marine life and [the] underwater world in general. In my profession, we have
a bit of a reputation for having [a] vast general knowledge and passengers
love to chat so its a great sport to tell people about. Its not just a fun and
challenging sport. Diving can take you to places you never knew existed. Like
many people say, Its a different world down there.
Speaker 3
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Ice climbers are drawn by relatively untouched regions which provide stunning scenery. Moreover, there are countless challenging vertical ice walls one
can choose from. It is a great exercise outlet during winter season as it
helps in toning muscle and improving balance, endurance and flexibility. It
gets me back in shape after the indulgence of Christmas. Its a physically
and mentally challenging sport that really tests ones climbing skill and technique. Its also a sociable activity that draws groups of climbers into one
climb or expedition. Needless to say camaraderie among ice-climbers is
developed. But, on the other hand, you can find yourself in a silent world and
completely alone which is quite wonderful. During term time, I sometimes
think of those moments and yearn for them when a group of loud teenagers
are giving me a headache!
Speaker 4
Im actually very fit. Im on the go all the time with my job. Ive got an oldfashioned bike. No warm van for me on my round. Maybe thats why I dont
mind spending my free time in the cold weather. Snowboarding is an extreme
winter sport with a considerable chance of injuries ranging from innocent little slips to high impact crashes. Beginning [beginner] snowboarders are the
ones who normally get injured even though they attempt less dangerous
moves than advanced snowboarders. This is because they havent learned
how to maintain a stable stance on the snowboard yet and are thus more
likely to lose [their] balance and fall. In fact, nearly 25% of injuries occur during a snowboarders first experience and almost one-third occur during the
first season of snowboarding.
Speaker 5
Im cooped up all day and most evenings so when I get a day off, theres
nothing I enjoy more than the free feeling of bungee jumping. Bungee jumping
is an activity in which a person jumps off from a high place with one end of
an elastic cord attached to his body and the other end tied to the jumping
off point. When the person jumps the cord stretches and the jumper will fly
upwards as the cord snaps back. The jumper then oscillates up and down
until the initial energy of the jump is dissipated. There are strict guidelines
governing jumps and the most important is the calculation of the length of
the cord, its elasticity and the height of the jump. You need to know the
impact on the cord from the fall of the person. Different materials have different rates of stretch. Its a bit like when I decide on the right amount of an
ingredient for a recipe.
TEST 7
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
You will hear two friends talking.
Brian: How did your riding weekend with Annie go, Karen?
Karen: Well, it was a bit of a mixed bag to be honest. My riding is a bit
shaky to say the least and it had been years since Id been on a horse, but I
thought it would be worth it to do a bit of mother-daughter bonding.
Brian: Annie is quite proficient on a horse isnt she?
Karen: Yes, well shes had a lot of lessons with a good friend of mine who
is an instructor. In fact I should have had a few myself before going on the
weekend trip. By the time we arrived at the stables I was beginning to doubt
whether the whole thing was a good idea. Annie had been happily telling me
horror stories of riding accidents that she knew about, but I thought Id got
that far and Id stick with it. Unfortunately, I was worse than I thought and I
really felt like the class dunce. I spent the whole weekend with a group of
seven-year-olds while Annie had a whale of a time in the adult group. So
much for our bonding weekend!
EXTRACT 2
You will hear part of an interview with an actor about how he
tries to keep fit. Now look at questions 3 and 4.
Woman: Now Bob, you lead a hectic life. How do you keep on top of
everything without getting too rundown?
Bob: Well, I have to make a real effort to keep in reasonable shape
because I do have a lot of work on. If you arent fairly fit, it affects everything you do. I hate jogging especially as it rains so much in this country and
Id miss so many mornings by hiding in bed instead of getting up for a run.
So I go to the gym. Its not my favourite pastime but its a necessary evil.
Woman: So have you joined half of the population by making a New Year
resolution to keep fit?
AUDIOSCRIPT
Bob: I dont really believe in New Year resolutions myself, but anything
that spurs people on to improve their life in some way has to be a good
thing. It would be good if more people gave themselves a fighting chance
though and didnt give up so easily.
EXTRACT 3
You will hear two people talking about a new activity they have
taken up. Now look at questions 5 and 6.
Alison: Hi George, how did the skating go?
George: Well, you know I decided to take little Susan skating because Id
found my old skates while I was clearing out the loft. We hired a pair for
Susan to wear and I was dying to see if I still had what it takes. Actually,
although I say so myself, I was quite good.
Alison: Well I went to my first line dancing class on Saturday and it was
great fun. Id expected a lot of people to be wearing cowboy hats and of
course it was nothing like that. The music was a bit old-fashioned, but boy, it
was hard work. I really worked up a sweat. Ill definitely keep it up.
Part 2
You will hear a radio report about panic attacks.
Speaker: Panic attacks are the subconscious minds fight or flight
response to what it perceives to be a threatening situation. It is common for
people to experience their first panic attack following periods of high stress.
Initially, you seem to have coped well with the situation and then suddenly,
often months later, you have an attack. The first physical sign is usually
heart palpitations. Most people feel that they are not getting enough air so
they gasp, hyperventilate or in other words, over breathe. Other symptoms
include tingling in the hands and feet, chest pain, sweating, faintness and
stomach pains. Each person has their own symptoms, which usually remain
the same.
There are, however, things you can do to stop or reduce the impact
of a panic attack. Its worth buying a diary so that you can record any negative thoughts you have about a situation before it happens. Then, challenge
them by considering how accurate they are. Set about turning them into
positive, constructive thoughts.
If you do have an attack, stay where you are, so your mind gets the
message that the place isnt really threatening. Although your immediate anxiety will decrease if you run away, this might lead to increased anxiety in the
future, so its the worst thing you can do.
You need to learn to relax. Active relaxation involves tensing for a
few seconds and then relaxing, in turn, every muscle that you can think of in
your body - usually starting from the face, scalp and neck and moving down
to the feet. Using this relaxation technique at night can also aid sleep.
An attack can be treated very simply by breathing in and out with a
paper bag held to your mouth. This helps to reduce your loss of carbon
dioxide as you re-inhale the carbon dioxide youve exhaled. Holding your
breathe for as long as possible can also help prevent loss of carbon dioxide.
If you can hold your breath for between 10 and 15 seconds, and repeat this
a few times, it will be sufficient to calm hyperventilation. In the long term,
you can lower your stress levels and stop the likelihood of panic attacks by
learning deep, diaphragmatic breathing. If you practice this regularly, several
times a day, your body will have no choice but to relax.
Finally, try a natural remedy such as camomile tea which works on
the same brain receptors as anti-anxiety drugs, or the herb, Valerian or
aconite which can ease the effects of acute panic attacks.
Part 3
You will hear an interview with a psychologist about friendships.
Presenter: Walk into any bookshop and there are self-help manuals on
every aspect of human behaviour, including how to cope with difficult partners, awkward bosses, contrary children - but very little on how to manage
friendships. Managing friendships sounds cold, but its essential if you value
them and want to keep them, or want to learn when its time to let them go.
Your friendship landscape changes through life. You marry and have less in
common with single friends. You move and keeping up with old friends
proves hard. Sometimes the changes are more subtle: you experience a life
crisis and some friends cant or wont support you. You become successful
and friends feel awkward around you. Change in one of you means the fit
between you alters. Thats when you find out if the relationship has the
capacity to evolve, or if its just come to a natural end. In the studio today
we have Barbara Smith, a psychologist. Barbara, welcome to the show.
CAE PRACTICE TESTS
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Barbara: Thank you John. Well, theres only one rule of friendship: it must
be mutually beneficial. Friendships can be put into categories. Firstly, lets
look at the foul-weather friend. On the surface, this is a totally dependable,
loyal friend, particularly when you are having a bad time. But the downside
with this foul-weather friend is that theyll put a dampener on you when
youre up, forever pointing out what can go wrong. They are rarely looking
for a more balanced relationship: their self-esteem may be invested in their
superior feeling that you are a bit of a disaster area, and they have everything under control. When actually, of course, the opposite is true.
Presenter: Now, youve got a category called the trophy friend, havent
you? What do you mean by that exactly?
Barbara: Ah yes. Thats the friend that you admire because they are so
interesting and popular, or successful in a way you want to be. You can
bathe in their reflected glory and feel part of a different social sphere but
you must remember that this isnt necessarily the world you fit into. If they
are nice as well, this relationship can bring out the best in you, as you
stretch it to be deserving of the friendship. But beware if being with them
makes you behave falsely so that you are not true to yourself or to others.
This situation can only lead to a downfall and great disappointment.
Presenter: What about the friend since childhood who you grew up with?
Barbara: The sisterly friend. She might live next door or have gone to
school with you. Over the years you have built up a strong relationship that
makes her feel more like a sister than a friend. On the plus side, she can
bring a real sense of security and support. You can ring her any time and
confide in her. She can be a powerful ally, but because shell be there
whether you like it or not, she has the power to make you miserable if you
dont keep her informed and involved in your life. This friend is like family,
youre so close it can become claustrophobic. For example, if you start a
new relationship, shell expect to be as big a part of your life as shes
always been. Then you need to define clear boundaries.
Presenter: But that sounds like the kind of friend youd want to hang on to
on the whole. So how can you make the decision who a good friend really is
and who is no longer a valid person to have in your life?
Barbara: Well, good friends should be low maintenance - and that goes for
you too. See enough of each other to keep the rapport going: neither
demand too much nor avoid so frequently that the relationship becomes
unbalanced. If its always a moan session, or one of you is often looking for
favours or support, the goodwill will soon burn out. Its always important to
be open to making new friends too. Most of us want to see people who
make us feel good. It doesnt mean you have to be a barrel of laughs all the
time (which can be off-putting); its about showing real interest, being lighthearted and not too obviously needy. Dont force the pace. Some people
need time to get to know you better. Its best to be pleasant and casual.
Dont bombard them with too many invitations. Dont assume that one good
heart-to heart makes you best friends. Respect their time and other commitments and the friendship will blossom naturally in time.
Part 4
which people are talking about their weight. For questions 21-25,
both tasks.
Speaker 1
Achieving my goal of being slim is wonderful, but the main thing Ive gained
from losing weight has nothing to do with the way I look. Its the fact that I
can join in with anything my children do and the same goes for the children
at work. My weight problems started when I was made redundant. I became
depressed and I hid myself away. I didnt realise that depression is a treatable illness. I just thought that I was going crazy and at the same time I was
getting bigger and bigger. If only Id gone to the doctor earlier, I could have
recovered sooner. Still, Im fine now and I have a good job that keeps me
both mentally and physically fit.
Speaker 2
When I decided to get back into shape, going to the gym was the obvious
choice for me; theres one at the hospital where I work so I dont have to
make a special effort to go anywhere. It was much easier than Id expected.
Im not into weights but I enjoy the treadmill and the rowing machine. Theres
quite a sense of camaraderie there too as lots of people are in the same
boat - under doctors orders to get fit and lower their blood pressure. We
spur each other on when the going gets tough. As I spend most of the day
sitting down, its crucial that I keep doing the exercise.
Speaker 3
Youd think Id be quite fit as Im on my feet all day, but I dont actually get
much exercise, apart from my jaw of course. We chat all day, especially to
the customers. Restocking shelves is about the most physical my day gets
and I dont have to do that very often. The staff canteen is a disaster area
AUDIOSCRIPT
for anyone trying to lose weight. Its dirt cheap and theres always fresh
bread and cakes from the bakery department. When its someones birthday,
there are extra cakes and chocolates on the scene, and it always seems to
be someones birthday with so many staff. Ive basically lost weight by
starving myself over the last few months.
Speaker 4
I have a very sociable job and I enjoy making people feel good about themselves. I guess thats what inspired me to lose weight really as I want to
look my best to create a good impression when a client walks through the
door. Basically Im selling a product and my job is all about changing or
improving a persons image. I get real pleasure from holding up a mirror and
making someone smile. Mind you, you should see me first thing on a Sunday
morning after a night painting the town red. Good thing my clients cant see
that!
Speaker 5
Yes I know Im out in the fresh air every day and doing a physical job but Im
so tired when I get home that I collapse in front of the TV with a takeaway
and have a few drinks. Even at lunchtime I tend to grab a burger in between
houses and the clients often bring me out tea and biscuits or a slice of
cake. However, my New Year resolution is to join a slimming club and really
get to grips with my health. My cousin is going to join with me so hopefully
well keep it up.
TEST 8
Part 1
EXTRACT 1
You will hear two people who are waiting for a friend.
Man: Youd think in todays world of modern technology she could manage
to be on time, wouldnt you?
Woman: You know what Pam is like. There are always a hundred last minute
jobs to do before she can finally walk out of the house.
Man: Does she really need to check everything three times before she leaves?
Woman: Its not as if she is deliberately late. You know that.
Man: I know. Its not her fault but it still annoys me.
Woman: Well, weve got a lot to do today so I suggest we get the must
dos over and done with first and then well see if we still have time to go
to the matinee cinema.
Man: OK. But I need a hot coffee once Pam arrives. Im freezing!
EXTRACT 2
You will hear two people talking about forensic technology. Now
look at questions 3 and 4.
Woman: I was watching a fascinating programme last night about forensic
evidence and how the police use technology to solve crimes. It showed how
DNA testing is used more and more to link a suspect to a crime scene. An
eyelash can be enough. Of course, its still got a long way to go and who
knows what method of detection theyll dream up next. But its remarkable
whats already been achieved.
Man: I agree with you, but Im a little apprehensive about the idea of our
DNA information being put onto a central police computer. Someone could
have left DNA at a crime scene and be a suspect but they may not have
committed the crime, especially if they know the victim. No system is foolproof. Now you will hear the recording again.
EXTRACT 3
You will hear two people talking about their son.
Man: Jimmy doesnt seem to communicate with me anymore. If hes not out
with his friends, hes in his bedroom doing goodness knows what on the
Internet. He used to be much more chatty at dinner time.
Woman: Well can you blame him? You are always at work and when you
come home you are so tired that you fall asleep in front of the TV after dinner. You have no idea what his interests are and actually you spend a fair
amount of time surfing the net yourself.
Man: You have a point. Perhaps Ill ask him if he wants to go out on
Saturday and well have a lads shopping spree and lunch together.
Woman: Good idea.
Now you will hear the recording again. Thats the end of Part 1.
CAE PRACTICE TESTS
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Part 2
You will hear a radio report about a new security body scanner.
Speaker: It may sound like a gadget from a futuristic film but the full body
scanner, which sees straight through peoples clothing, is coming soon to airports in the UK. A hi-tech security screening system, designed to detect
guns and other offensive weapons concealed on the body, will be unveiled
this month by the defence technology firm Qinetiq, which is part-owned by
the government.
The scanners, expected to be deployed within a year as part of
Britains armoury against terror, capture the naked image of a traveller even
if he or she is wearing several layers of clothing. But, to protect peoples
modesty, they come replete with fig-leaf technology that detects which
parts of the body need screening out.
The system, which uses a special light frequency to see through
clothing, was tried out successfully at Gatwick airport and will go on display
at this years Farnborough air show.
The technology was originally developed by the Ministry of Defence
to use in military helicopters to enable pilots to see through fog. It has been
adapted by Qinetiq, which used to be part of the top secret defence
research establishment at Porton Down, for civilian use.
The airport scanners are designed to detect concealed metal objects
including knives, guns, hand-grenades and shoe bombs on a fully-clad human
being. But the millimetre wave sensors will also highlight metallic items of
clothing including zips and buttons. The technology is also expected to show
the presence of heart pacemakers and metal pins that have been used to
help mend broken bones. Airport operators will be thoroughly screened to
ensure their motives are not voyeuristic, Qinetiq said. Government sources
say the scanners could help tighten security at airports while ensuring that
passengers are not subjected to delays.
Experts say that the millimetre wave scanner, unlike X-rays, poses no
health risk because it uses part of the light spectrum, which people are
exposed to every day, to see through clothing. They believe it will cut significant waits for security screening at airports, and dispense with pat down
searches by security guards. Only people who are shown to be carrying suspicious-looking metallic objects in clothing or shoes will have to be checked
by security personnel.
It has the ability to penetrate natural materials, said one expert.
What you would aim to do is project any threats that are found on to a
screen. It would look as if someone was wearing a body stocking. The technology has already been successfully piloted at British ports, where scanners
have seen through lorry walls to detect illegal immigrants being smuggled
into Britain. The body scanners are expected to be available within a year
for other premises with high security, including government buildings and VIP
conferences.
Part 3
You will hear part of a radio interview with a literary critic
about Huxleys novel, Brave New World. For questions 15-20,
choose the answer (A, B, C or D), which fits best according to
what you hear.
Presenter: This morning we have Samantha Protheroe, Professor of
Literature at the University of Bristol. Professor Protheroe, there have been
many novels written about life in the future. It has always been a subject
that has intrigued writers. Why do you think that we have such a fascination
for a world that we will never live long enough to see?
Professor: It is part of human nature to strive to grow and develop
intellectually and so there is an innate interest in where our children and
grandchildren and great grandchildren will end up. Its not so much a fear for
their future or a desire to be there with them. Its more about the adventurer in us.
Presenter: Can you give us some background on Huxley and his
acclaimed novel, Brave New World?
Professor: Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World in 1932 while he was
living in France and England. By this time, Huxley had already established
himself as a writer and social satirist. He was a contributor to Vanity Fair
and Vogue magazines, had published a collection of his poetry entitled The
Burning Wheel in 1916 and published four successful satirical novels.
Presenter: So he had already made his mark in the literary world. What
was the inspiration behind Brave New World?
Professor: Brave New World was inspired by the H.G. Wells utopian
novel Men Like Gods. Wells optimistic vision of the future gave Huxley the
idea to begin writing a parody of the novel. Contrary to the most popular
optimistic utopian novels of the time, Huxley sought to provide a frightening
vision of the future. Huxley referred to Brave New World as a negative
utopia, somewhat influenced by Wells novel, The Sleeper Awakes and the
AUDIOSCRIPT
works of D. H Lawrence.
Presenter: And what is the novel actually about?
Professor: Although the novel is set in the future, it contains contemporary
issues of the early 20th century. The Industrial Revolution was bringing about
massive changes to the world. Mass production had made cars, telephones
and radios relatively cheap and widely available throughout the developed
world. The Russian Revolution of 1917 and the First World War were resonating throughout the world. Huxley was able to use the setting and characters
from his futuristic fantasy to express widely held opinions, particularly the
fear of losing individual identity in the fast-paced world of the future. The
event that gave Brave New World much of its character was an early trip to
the United States. Not only was Huxley outraged by the culture of youth,
commercial cheeriness and inward-looking nature of many of the people, he
also found a book by Henry Ford on the boat to America. There was a fear
of Americanisation in Europe, so to see America firsthand, as well as read
the ideas and plans of its foremost citizens, spurred Huxley on to write
Brave New World with America in mind. The sex-hormone chewing gum in the
novel is a parody of the ubiquitous chewing gum which is something of a
symbol of America (especially at that time) as well as the jazz music they
listened to which seemed quite anarchic to Huxley.
Presenter: Im afraid thats all we have time for today. Professor Prothero,
thank you very much.
Part 4
which people are talking about inventions. For questions 21-25,
both tasks.
Speaker 1
I know there is a lot of controversy on their effect on the environment, but I
think the aerosol can is an amazing invention. The concept of the aerosol
originated as early as 1790, when self-pressurised carbonated beverages
were introduced in France. In 1949, canned spray paint was invented by
Edward Seymour and the first colour was aluminium. Seymours wife suggested the use of the aerosol can filled with paint. I use these for large
murals and of course the modern robotic versions are used in industry to
spray things such as cars. I get a lot of criticism for using aerosols but I
dont drive a car so my contribution to the pollution problem is a lot less
than most people I know so I dont lose sleep over it.
Speaker 2
Now you may argue that this isnt really an invention, because its not a
machine or a gadget but denim jeans that have revolutionised the world.
Look around you, denim is everywhere and is a great equaliser of class as
the poorest kid on the street to the wealthiest film star wears jeans. I wear
them to work every day and wouldnt cope without them outside in the
weather and dealing with the cattle. The only time I dont wear them is if I
go to the theatre or to a nice restaurant. Thats quite a rare event though.
Speaker 3
I have a lot of free time now so I often go to fairs and exhibitions, and the
toy fair is always a favourite of mine, despite my age. In my day of course
there was no such thing as a robotic toy. This robotic dog was just wonderful. I used to have a dog but I dont have the energy to walk one now so this
would make a great substitute. I spent an hour playing with it at the toy fair
and I did get some funny looks. It works on voice recognition so you really
do feel like you are the master and it has its own personality, like a real pet.
Of course it doesnt but the fantasy is fun. Im very tempted to spend some
of my retirement fund on one.
Speaker 4
This invention goes back hundreds of years. In fact Leonardo da Vinci actually designed a bicycle in 1490, although it was never made. Mind you, he
seemed to draw just about every modern invention hundreds of years before
they were actually invented. Pure genius. You wouldnt catch him without a
job. My friends and family call me the biker because I cycle everywhere. Until
I get a salary, I cant afford a car, but Im not sure that I really want one.
Maybe I should be a postal worker, I could cycle all day delivering letters.
Sounds good.
Speaker 5
I love detective novels and films and have always been interested in forensic
science. I think the polygraph machine, or lie detector is a fabulous device.
Id love to have one. I certainly know a few people Id like to try it on, especially when I suspect someone is being aggressive towards a relative. My job
is pretty stressful at times and its hard to get the truth out of people especially when they are frightened of the consequences. Its often what they
dont say that gives the game away.
CAE PRACTICE TESTS
Page 47
TEST 9
AUDIOSCRIPT
Alexandra: Well, to say I am impressed would be an understatement. Dont

expect me to be running along with you, but you sure have my support!
Part 1
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose
Part 2
EXTRACT 1
It started harmlessly enough - I got home from work late and I thought to
myself, I have just enough time for a bike ride before it gets dark. I decided
to ride out in the cow pasture on my mountain bike. Easy riding, just slightly
challenging for someone who is far from 20-something, and just the right
amount of time before sunset for a good cardiovascular workout.
I decided to ride to the top of the nearest sagebrush-covered hill. It was a
very nice evening with no wind and quite warm. Perfect for a bike ride.
Perfect for a bike ride in a manicured park with well maintained perfectly flat
bike trails that is!
After much puffing and huffing, I reached the top of the hill and stopped
for a swig of water and a look around. Turning to look behind me, I spotted
IT. IT was a young angus calf all by itself placidly cropping grass. My husband had turned the mama cows out the day before into the larger pasture,
with all the calves at their sides - or so he thought.
I thought to myself: If I ride down the hill, and go really wide, I can move
the calf towards the corner where the gate is. Surely I can get one little calf
through the fence on my mountain bike! So off I went.
Now, for those who aren't savvy about riding through cow pastures on a
mountain bike - try and stay on the cow trails. Then the only thing to worry
about is sandy holes that suck in your tires and bring you to a dead stop
which throws the rider over the top of their handlebar to land painfully on
prickly-pear swords. However, when one is riding through the unmarked
wilderness of a cow pasture, trying in vain to keep a calf in sight who is running in fear of his life from the crazy lady on a mountain bike, one has to
also watch out for large patches of sage brush, hardened cow piles, large
holes, and the giant man-eating prickly-pear cacti.
Now, to my credit, I did manage to get the calf in the corner by the gate.
Of course, the gate was closed. So, I stood there looking at the calf, who
stood looking at me. He did not seem terribly worried at this point as I was
a good 30 yards away and no longer moving.
I slowly, put the mountain bike down and approached the calf hoping to
calmly urge him into the gate opening. But the unwary little animal ran as
fast as his short legs could carry him in the opposite direction from that
which we came, bounding in great leaps, tail and head held high.
I ran through the sandy draw surrounding the cattle gate and picked up
my bike. I gamely pedaled through the sage brush once again - now uphill.
This time I got within feet of him, but alas! I was too close - he turned and
scrambled south - away from the gate. We were now a good mile from
the gate and darkness was closing in rapidly. So I chased him again. Of
course this was all uphill and probably took a good hour...and I ended up losing the little monster.
Defeated, I returned to my house and told my sad tale to my husband. He
asked why I hadnt just left the gate open. He explained in an infuriatingly
calm voice, that the calf would have gone out the gate and paired up with
its mother in the night if I had left the gate open.
The next day, my husband and I did manage to drive him without incident
back to his mother who hadn't really seemed to notice his absence. My husband and I drove out to the pasture in the pick up truck where we walked
the little monster - I mean calf, back to his mother.
You will hear a discussion in which a woman talks to her good

friend about his career choice. Now look at questions 1 and 2.
Renee: So, David. Youve been teaching at Ligget for almost five years now.
David: I know, I cant believe it. Time has really flown by.
Renee: Did you always want to be a teacher?
David: Not at all. To be honest, I just took this job the year after I finished
university, because I didnt know what I wanted to do. I thought teaching
maths was a safe thing to do for a year, while I figured out what my next
step was [going to be]. I figured with my maths ability Id go on to get my
doctorate in the field and then do research.
Renee: What made your plans change?
David: In short, I just liked teaching too much! It was very unexpected, as I
never saw myself as a teacher before. But, I love the interaction with the
students - whether it is challenging them or just having fun and joking with
them. And in addition to the job itself, I love the lifestyle it affords me. It
provides me with the opportunity to coach and to take the children on
excursions. I never have to work nights and I get summers off. If I were a
researcher, Id be working strange and long hours and I wouldnt have time
for hobbies and friends. Sometimes I think my friends wonder why I dont do
something more prestigious... and to be honest, I used to wonder that too...
like I ought to be doing more with my talent in maths. But now I realise that
prestige doesnt compare with true happiness.
EXTRACT 2
You will hear a conversation where two friends discuss the concert they just attended. Now look at questions 3 and 4.
Joan: I really found his performance very disappointing. I feel like I really
wasted money on that concert.
Tom: I thought it was a fine performance. I think the rain just put you in a
bad mood and tainted your view of the rest of it.
Joan: No, its not that at all. Besides the rain was light and it didnt last
long. No, I am strictly talking about Ludas performance. I mean, first of all,
all the opening acts sang more songs than he did.
Tom: Youve got to admit though, they were pretty good! I saw you dancing
to the beat and putting your hands up in the air!
Joan: Im not saying they werent talented! In fact they were better than the
main performer and thats my point. I didnt pay to see them. Luda came out
nearly two hours after the concert started and only sang a handful of songs.
Tom: Is that your only complaint?
Joan: Of course not. As I was saying I paid to see HIM...and with all his
songs he kept pointing the microphone out to the crowd. I dont want to
hear a bunch of crazy fans screaming the lyrics. I wanted to hear the artist!
EXTRACT 3
You will hear a conversation in which two friends talk about how
they can do things to change their way of life.
Alexandra: What on earth made you want to start training for this
marathon? Last time I saw you, you kept complaining about how you had to
walk too far from the parking lot to your office building. And now you are
running hours and hours every day.
George: It is quite a change...but thats the whole point really. A few months
ago, I took some blood tests which basically showed I was too stressed out,
didnt eat well and needed more exercise. It really had an impact on me,
because I am still young and should be healthy!
Alexandra: Well, I can understand that realisation, George. I mean, I too
have been trying to make the effort to be healthier...but I simply go to the
gym three times a week and try to cut back on the donuts! What you are
doing is rather extreme.
George: I suppose you are right. But in all honesty, I never planned on making any extreme changes. I started out just running to the end of my street
and back. But then one day, I thought, I wonder if I could make it all the way
to the next block. I tried and made it. From then on, I gave myself a new
landmark to reach and before I knew it I was running 30 kilometres a day.
Alexandra: Are you at least enjoying the exercise?
George: Not all the time; like when I am so tired I feel like I couldnt go on.
But there are those days where I feel so strong and capable. Its truly a
great feeling. And then when I finish I am always so proud of myself. Thats
why Im going to run the marathon. I can only assume the feeling of accomplishment will be stronger.
You will hear a woman talk about an adventurous bike ride she
recently took. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Part 3
You will hear part of a radio interview in which a Japanese
astronaut, Dr. Takao Doi, talks about his work. For questions 1520, choose the answer (A, B, C or D), which fits best according to
what you hear.
Lydia: Astronomy Today is honoured to speak to Dr. Takao Doi, a longtime
member of Houston Astronomical Society, who has been designated by NASA
to duties on a shuttle mission next year. He is the first Japanese astronaut
to conduct a spacewalk. Welcome, Dr. Doi.
Dr. Doi: I am pleased to be here.
Lydia: Why dont you start talking about when your career really started to
take off.
Dr. Doi: Certainly. In 1983, the National Space Development Agency of
Japan announced that it would recruit three Japanese astronauts in order to
conduct the first Japanese space experiments aboard the Space Shuttle. I
applied for it and that was the start of my career.
Lydia: There was an unfortunate delay in your career at that time, wasn't
there?
Dr. Doi: Yes, three months after I was selected by NASDA in 1985, the
Challenger accident occurred. I became extremely depressed since I felt the
future of space development looked dark, however in 1988 the Space Shuttle
CAE PRACTICE TESTS
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programme resumed and I felt more positive about the future of space
development.
Lydia: What was the next big accomplishment in your career?
Dr. Doi: My next challenge was to participate in the ASCAN class in 1995,
and I was certified as a mission specialist in 1996. It finally opened up my
chance to fly in space.
Lydia: Dr. Doi, what type of preparation was involved besides the obvious
required training from NASA? For instance, is there any type of psychological
testing to make sure one doesn't "go bonkers" in space?
Dr. Doi: In this line of work you must be true to yourself. In space, we
encounter unexpected things so you must be able to believe in yourself and
do what you think is right. You also must be physically healthy in order to fly
in space. We exercise regularly.
Lydia: Tell me about your last thoughts as you were being suited up and
then upon being jettisoned into space? What does one do while waiting?
Dr. Doi: The Space Shuttle Columbia, lifted off on schedule. I waited for the
launch aboard the Shuttle [for] about three hours. During that time, I calmly
thought about my career and all the training I had received. We reached
space in 8 minutes and 30 seconds. During the launch I sat mid-deck with
Leonid Kadenyuk who was the first Ukrainian astronaut. We shouted, 'Go! Go!
Go!'. We were very happy. When the main engine stopped, and I started floating I realised that I was in space.
Lydia: ... and when you got back to earth? What was the first thing you did?
Dr. Doi: I opened the circuit breaker in the cockpit, and cut the power to
the shuttle's landing gear and then felt I was home.
Lydia: And what lesson did you bring back with you and would like to reveal
to your fellow earthlings?
Dr. Doi: I rediscovered the beauty of the Earth during my flight: the glittering blue ocean, white clouds changing their shapes every moment, and the
land where we live. The shining Earth in the pitch-dark universe was divine. I
am very proud to have been born on this Earth.
Lydia: As a young schoolboy, did you ever think you were headed for a
space adventure?
Dr. Doi: When I was in eighth grade, my friend asked me to observe
sunspots with him. Soon after I got a telescope and have loved star gazing
ever since. In 1971, I observed Mars and the M13 star cluster with a 20cm
reflecting telescope. Around that time I started thinking that I would like to
work in a space-related field and dedicate my life to solving the mysteries of
space.
Lydia: What personal goals do you have? Is there anything else you would
like to accomplish? "Astronaut" is a tough act to follow!
Dr. Doi: I am also interested in astronomy. I would still like to solve the
mysteries of the Universe.
Lydia: Well, listeners that was the affable Dr. Doi... the first crew member
assigned to the Space Shuttle crew that will deliver the first module of the
Japanese laboratory, Kibo, to the International Space Station. His duties
involve attachment and initial set-up of the Kibo Japanese Experiment
Logistics Module... A tall order for a very well prepared professional and
most deserving individual.
Part 4
about their position in a company. For questions 21-25, choose
from the list A-H the person who is speaking. Now look at task 2.
For questions 26-30, choose from the list A-H what each speaker
is expressing. While you listen you must complete both tasks.
Speaker 1
Ive been at Miffler and Dundlan Paper Branch for eight years and in this
position for over five years. I started out in sales. To be honest, I had no
real aspirations to get this position and was quite surprised when corporate
offered me the promotion. Im a friendly person. I went into sales because I
like making relationships with clients and I believe it was a real gift of mine.
My first year on the job, I made more sales and earned more money for the
company than people who had been there for years. Needless to say, I made
quite an impression with the corporate branch and they decided to promote
me. So now, here I am. The money is definitely a lot better. But, in my position now, I get a lot less contact with clients and dont have too many
opportunities to be that friendly person I was in sales. In fact, the managerial
aspect of it means I often have to be the bad guy. Im in charge of holding
people accountable when their work falls short and just recently the corporate branch made me let some of my employees go due to downsizing. I try
to ... you know... still be friendly with my employees and hold office parties
to boost moral. However, the reality is that now that I am in charge, my
friendly-jokester days in this office are over.
Speaker 2
Ive had this job for three and a half years although it was never part of my
AUDIOSCRIPT
life plan. I came to this company right out of university. I graduated with a
degree in graphic design and really wanted to work for an internet company
designing websites. However, after graduation, I really struggled to find work
and it got to the point where I just had to get any job I could find in order to
earn some money. I registered with a temporary work agency and they connected me with Miffler and Dundlan. The pay and the benefits are decent;
nothing worth bragging about, but I am able to live comfortably. I work with
some nice people, which really helps me get through the day, as there really
isnt a lot of work for me to do. My main job is to answer the phone and
take messages. I also occasionally schedule meetings and file documents.
But the employees here are pretty independent in that regard. So when the
phone doesnt ring there isnt a lot for me to do. Killing time has become an
art for me. I spend a lot of time checking my e-mails and playing solitaire.
Its almost embarrassing how good I am at the game because it reveals how
often I actually play. I used to spend time working on my own personal webpage and online portfolio. That has been placed on the back burner these
last few years and Im not really sure why. I mean, I dont want to be in this
position forever and I truly do want to pursue graphic design. I guess Ive
just gotten myself into a rut and need to find the motivation to get out of it.
Speaker 3
Ive been working in this department of Miffler and Dundlan for twenty years
now and I love it more with each passing day. My main responsibilities are
recruiting, training, and looking after [the] welfare of the staff. My job is the
most important thing in my life right now. I am always the first in the office
and the last to leave. I often work weekends and holidays and Ive never
taken a sick day - even when I was suffering with pneumonia. I really admire
my boss and I somewhat consider myself his wingman. He values my loyalty
and dedication which is why I am always his go-to person for important
tasks or when he needs someone to keep an eye on the other employees
when he is not around. I consider myself the assistant to the regional manager. Although, no one else really does. Im OK with that. I dont need total
recognition for all the behind the scenes work I do. I have been offered other
jobs during my time here, some of which had better pay and benefits. Ive
looked into it, of course. However, none of those places seemed to place the
emphasis on loyalty like Miffler and Dundlan does. That is why Ive stuck
around and will probably be here until retirement...if I can get myself to
retire. I cant imagine not coming into work every day.
Speaker 4
I have been working here for two years now. I have to be honest; its a
really easy job for me. I guess Im just a natural at talking to clients and
potential buyers. Just today I closed two important deals over lunch, which is
more than some of my co-workers can do in a week. If I were really ambitious, Id try to keep this pace up all day, but I like that I have spare time to
relax and goof around a bit. Im a little bit of a prankster. Ok, thats an
understatement. I pull practical jokes all the time. Just yesterday, my coworker opened his desk to find his stapler inside a dome of gelatin. The
entire office was in stitches. I dont think I cross any lines with my practical
jokes. Nor do I think that I impede the efficiency of this company. If anything,
I think I make us a little more efficient. This is not the most interesting job in
the world and if people honestly spent eight hours straight glued to their
work I think they would go insane with boredom. Giving them reasons to
laugh boosts office morale and makes this a more pleasant working environment. I have some co-workers who try to push me to look for a better job.
They think that this place is a waste of my talent, and perhaps they are
right. But Im satisfied here. I am able to pay my bills and I get to laugh
everyday. I suppose Im not that typical ambitious business person, but Im
OK with that. I cant imagine the prestige of a better job making the quality
of my life improve too much. So Im staying put. Besides, the office is only a
ten minute drive from my house. You cant get much better than that.
Speaker 5
Ive been at Miffler and Dundlan for ten years now. There are so many negative connotations attached to my job title. People always ask me: How on
earth can you spend everyday working with numbers? But I honestly enjoy
myself. I cant really explain why, but I really love my job and everything it
entails. Or at least, I like the work aspect of it. I like keeping the books.
However, sometimes, my co-workers really get on my nerves. I mean, when I
come into work, I come to work and nothing else. My social life is something
totally separate from the office and I find it inappropriate to mix professional and social life. The other two guys that I work with are not as focused as
me and are always talking about football, their families or what they did
over the weekend. I often have to push them to get back on track. That
makes them resent me a little, but thats not my fault. We have a job to do.
Most of the employees here go out together on weekends or go to get a
drink together after work, but I always opt out of those activities. Its not
that Im anti-social, I just choose to spend my free time with other people. I
mean, I see these people forty hours a week. Thats quite enough.
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TEST 10
Part 1
AUDIOSCRIPT
Interviewer: How so?

Gus: Well, it has a normal schedule - as in, no overnighters. This is important
for me because I want to have a family and this allows me to have more
time with my children. Also, there is a high demand for cataract surgery in
Latin American countries. I speak Spanish and I love travelling. This will give
me the opportunity to take regular trips to these countries to work. The last
reason is quite simple...the pay is really good.
Interviewer: Those all sound like good reasons to me! Best of luck to you.
EXTRACT 1
You will hear a discussion in which a man talks to his good
friend about her upcoming trip.
John: So Michelle, you are leaving for Australia, huh? This seems kind of sudden. What made you want to pick up and leave so suddenly?
Michelle: Well, it only seems sudden to you and everyone because I havent
told anyone about it. But Ive honestly been thinking about it for a few
months now. I dont know. I guess I just needed to get out of here for a bit.
I guess Im in a bit of a rut in life and want to do something drastic to get
out of it.
John: What do you mean youre in a rut?
Michelle: John, I have the same routine everyday! Work, home, sleep, get up
and do it all over again. Im bored. Plus, Ive never left the country before ever
and I say its high time. Im still young with no one else to be responsible for,
and I havent taken even one day off work for over two years. Im due.
John: What do you think youre going to do there? I mean, where are you
going to stay?
Michelle: I guess I havent thought of that. I just bought the ticket about an
hour ago. But Im sure there are hostels everywhere. Im trying to just go
where the wind takes me. Im not going to do a lot of planning.
John: Wow, that sounds exciting! Have a wonderful time.
EXTRACT 2
You will hear a conversation where two friends discuss the
restaurant they just left.
Julie: That restaurant was absolutely divine! It was such a beautiful restaurant - so classy. It has got to be one of the best I have ever dined at.
Tate: I think the atmosphere went to your head a little too much, Julie. It
was definitely a good-looking restaurant. But I think the food left something
to be desired. I couldnt even finish my steak and you know that I usually
clean my plate. But it was so dry. And speaking of dry... that wine was terrible. I cant believe it cost that much money. Cheap boxed wine is a thousand
times better than whatever that was that we just consumed.
Julie: Tate, you must be mad. Everything about that experience was wonderful. Yes, I admit, I loved the decor, the violins and the servers dressed in
tuxedos. But my taste buds left pleased as well! I suppose that type of food
is an acquired taste... Anyway. I loved it.
Tate: Well, Im still hungry. Could we get a burger before we go to the show?
Julie: No way. A burger dressed like this? Were really going to stand out.
Tate: I honestly dont think I am going to make it to the intermission if I
dont eat some decent food really soon.
Julie: OK I suppose we can go, if we have to. Itll be my treat, since you
didnt want to go to the restaurant in the first place. I guess next time I go
there, it wont be with you.
Tate: You can say that again!
Part 2
You will hear a freelancing Graphic Designer called Alec Zaki
talking about how he came into his career. For questions 7-14,
complete the sentences.
My name is Alec Zaki. I do freelance 3D computer graphics and animation,
with a whole lot of multimedia thrown in too. Although I've worked for other
people in the past, I'm primarily my own boss these days. I much prefer being
self-employed. Originally, when I started out, I planned on doing the usual bigblockbuster animated features thing, but eventually found my own niche.
My stuff tends to be more down-to-earth. Im not too "arty. I usually create animations and graphics for TV commercials, TV shows and other video
productions, as well as visualization stuff, such as in the medical or architectural areas.
A lot of my work ends up as elements in print and web design, too. As a
freelancer, I found it limiting to make a freelance career out of just 3D animation, so I became an expert on all sorts of multimedia skills; flash animation, web design, CD authoring and so on. I find it extremely rewarding.
Between my freelance work and my work for TV production facilities, it's
really hard to list the work Ive done in the past. I know I can document over
900 television commercials, TV shows and infomercials that I've done graphics for (3D or otherwise). I've also done print and web elements, as well as
animations for corporate projects.
Besides animations, I've also created 3D virtual sets for TV, such as one I
did for a show called "Power Play." This show featured new and upcoming
computer game releases, with the host interviewing game programmers and
such. The show took place in space, in a spaceship that looked very much
like a game controller, which I modelled and animated in 3D. I loved doing
that show. It was heavily 3D graphics oriented and kept me really busy. It
was filled with 3D rooms, animations, bumpers, elements, and so on.
I didnt get into animation the way most people do. I came by way of TV.
Behind-the-scenes stuff such as television production, master control, stuff
like that. I loved doing the work, having spent almost twenty years doing it.
But, it started running its course with me. I found myself in a rut. This was
the late 1990s and by that time, Id fallen completely in love with 3D graphics.
My wife suggested I go back to college full-time for 3D animation. Being a
bit older than the other students, I worked really hard to make myself stand
out. At the time, I thought I needed to graduate with as much talent as if I
had been in the industry all along, just to compete with everyone else. I
probably tortured myself a bit too much, but I loved the subject and it
worked for me. My wife was also earning the income for the two of us and I
felt I owed it to her to succeed.
When I graduated, I thought I was getting out of the TV racket, but a
month later I got a job in...you guessed it...television. This time in broadcast
graphics. I loved the job but in 2002, the lousy economy forced me to
become a freelancer. The rest is history.
EXTRACT 3
Part 3
You will hear part of an interview with a medical student.

You will hear part of a radio interview in which professional

golfer, Amy Hartman, is being interviewed. For questions 15-20,
choose the answer (A, B, C or D), which fits best according to
what you hear.
Interviewer: So you are in your fourth year of medical school now, is that
correct?
Gus: Thats right. Wow, time has really flown by. My first day of class feels
like yesterday.
Interviewer: And why did you want to pursue medicine?
Gus: I suppose for the same reason why anyone pursues any career.
Because I love science and medicine...and throughout undergraduate school I
discovered that I have a talent for it as well. I think thats got to be the key
to being happy in your career: enjoying it and using your talents. Well that
and also feeling like your job is important. And for me, I really feel like I will
make a real difference in this career.
Interviewer: What kind of medicine do you want to go into?
Gus: Ophthalmology. In laymans terms, I will be working with eyes.
Interviewer: Really?
Gus: I know it doesnt sound as exciting as running around the Emergency
Room and saving lives every day, but in reality it fits perfectly in [with] my
life plans.
Jackson: We are here today with golfing phenomenon, Amy Hartman. She
won countless national and international tournaments. Now, Amy, I was glancing through your website profile and noticed that you were involved in a
variety of sports throughout junior high and high school. What did golf have
that these other sports were lacking that pushed you to keep playing?
Amy: I felt like I could become more successful with golf. I realise it more
and more now that unlike track, volleyball and gymnastics, golf is a lot easier on my body as well. I will be able to play golf a lot longer than any other
sport that I have ever participated in.
Jackson: On any given day, is there any specific food diet you try to stick
to on and off the course?
Amy: I always stick to my fruit smoothies in the morning. I am overall a
pretty healthy person. Once in a blue moon, I will have a cheeseburger... and
not feel guilty about it. I am a fruits, nuts, and grains kind of girl. I didn't like
the health food that my parents fed me as a child but am thankful now for
CAE PRACTICE TESTS
Page 50
its just become a habit. I dont even consider cooking greasy food, or having
a doughnut for breakfast because its never been an option for me.
Jackson: I'm sure you spend endless amounts of time at the driving range
each week, but what do you do when you're not swinging a golf club?
Amy: (laughter) Are you asking whether or not I have a social life? I admit
its hard, because I do not have a lot of time. And of course, when I do have
time, I am often quite exhausted. This may make me sound really pathetic,
but I spend a lot of time with my cat at home actually. He's a little goofy.
He is constantly at my feet when I am at home, especially when I have been
gone for a few weeks. I also watch a lot of movies, and spend time catching
up with my friends. I always keep myself busy somehow whether it's any of
the above or working out at the gym, reading a book, or working on some
art piece that I always promise myself that I would finish. I cant remember
the last time I was bored.
Jackson: Your website, Amy Golf, has grown huge in popularity in the golf
blog community in only the few months it's been around. What do you contribute the success of your site to?
Amy: I didn't realise this at first but many golf fans want to get more
insight into the life of touring professionally beyond the scoreboard or a random article on some random website. So simply the fact that I frequently
updated my blog or shared what I have on my iPod or photographs from my
life got me a big following. And now it is almost viral. I got more interviews
- that get me more fans - and more bloggers have rolled my site as a result
of the fresh content and updates. I always thank a lot of people on my site
because my site's success is as much mine as it is theirs.
Jackson: There are plenty of superstitious people in the world. Do you have
any superstitions such as an item you must have with you when you're playing? If so, how did you come by it?
Amy: You may believe me or not but I have absolutely no superstitions. I
have been asked this same question several times and still have not been
able to come up with an answer. I have a favourite shirt that I like to wear
during big tournaments...but Im not superstitious about it at all. I simply like
it! Sorry if thats a disappointing answer.
Jackson: With turning only 26 in May, are there any other goals or plans
you'd like to accomplish in your lifetime?
Amy: Well, although I am only 26 years old, I am one of the oldest girls out
there on the futures tour. A lot of girls have 3 or 4 years more experience
in competition than me. So for right now I am very dedicated to the goals
that Ive set for myself on tour, and to making it to the LPGA Tour. I dont
like to plan too far ahead in life. I just take it one step at a time.
Part 4
about their job in transport. For questions 21-25, choose from
the list A-H the form of transport that the speaker is talking
about. Now look at task 2. For questions 26-30, choose from the
list A-H what each speaker is expressing. While you listen you
must complete both tasks.
Speaker 1
I like it best when the people I pick up like to talk and know how to hold a
conversation. I know a lot of people in my line of work prefer just to take
people from point A to point B without the needless chit chat, but I would
get too bored if it wasnt for the social aspect of this job. I especially love
tourists. Im definitely rare in that regard. But I love pointing out parts of the
city that I think they should visit - or warning them to avoid certain tourist
traps. I love hearing peoples stories - learning what brought them here,
where they come from, etc. Certainly, many people prefer to simply tell me
their destination and then sit in silence or doodle on their blackberry until we
arrive. Of course, I should respect that, but thats not always easy to do.
Thats probably one of my faults: I dont know when I should just be quiet
and I end up annoying people. Of course, I like to believe that most people
truly love listening to me. And perhaps this is unethical, but if I meet someone whos company I found particularly enjoyable, I will lower their fare.
Speaker 2
Sometimes its hard working with such wealthy people on a daily basis. I
admit it, I overhear their conversations about their country clubs, their fancy
cars or their mansions and I definitely get jealous. Its not that I am poor by
any means, I live a comfortable life and we are not in need of anything. But
when I work its like I am entering an entirely different world than the world
that I live in. Despite this being my job, when my family flies, we sit economy
class. Like most people, we get our elbows hit by the drink cart and complain of the lack of leg room. But the people I fly around not only do not
have to worry about the other passengers bothering them, they also have
beds and champagne on board with them! Its really quite a life. They treat
AUDIOSCRIPT
me well though. When I do overnight flights, they usually arrange for me to

stay at a pretty fancy hotel, so I get to experience how the other half lives.
Speaker 3
I absolutely love my job. These children light up my life and give me something to smile about every day. Of course they also can tire me out. Many of
them are too energetic to sit in their seats their entire route. Moreover, as
is natural with young children, there are always some older children picking
on the younger ones. That is the biggest challenge of the job because I cant
discipline like a teacher would be able to. I need to keep my hands on the
wheel and my eyes on the road. Luckily, I have earned enough respect that
many of them listen to me when I holler at them to sit down and behave. To
help me out, I have asked one of my older students to be on patrol. I think
she likes the responsibility. I gave her a badge that she wears as she walks
up and down the aisle telling people to sit down or not to yell. Its actually
quite amazing how well the other students respond to her! Shes the first
one I pick up in the morning and the last off on the way home in the afternoon. After all the other students get off in the afternoon I give her a handful of candy. She considers it her salary.
Speaker 4
I mostly just take couples around. People see my ride as something extracted from a fairy tale. Like its the way a prince and a princess ride off
together to live happily ever after. Now of course, having been doing this for
nearly twenty years, I certainly have a different take on it. The horses are
usually the ones breaking the romantic ideal for the couple. Mostly because
they really do not carry the most pleasant aroma. Lets just say, its not
always just pure romance in the air. I still remember one time when a man
was proposing to his girlfriend and he had to stop in the middle of his beautiful romantic overture because he kept gagging from the horrible stench
coming a few feet in front of him. It was quite funny actually. But I do admit,
I am lucky to bear witness to so many proposals or anniversaries or just
people in love celebrating for no other reason except for that. And I enjoy
the ride, too. We pass through some amazing scenery that even after all this
time Im still not tired of looking at it. Its all quite enchanting.
Speaker 5
People think that I mostly drive wealthy people around. But that is not the
case. Youd be surprised how many people just want to take a night to spoil
themselves and in a way, pretend to be rich for a night. My main jobs are
weddings and high school dances. Its especially entertaining when there are
teenagers in the vehicle because they are so fascinated by everything. The
phone is usually the favourite, which is annoying from my point of view. They
think it is just so funny that they can call me from the back seat. I love driving. I admit it, I do feel a little powerful driving such a large vehicle on the
road. Its amazing how many people will get out of my way. Of course, parallel parking is out of the question! You do have to drive it very carefully
though and always check your mirrors. Because it is so long, there are more
blind spots than in a normal-sized car. I had to get a special licence to drive it.
Now youll hear Part 4 again.
Thats the end of Part 4.
SUCCEED IN CAE
Revision Progress Tests

ANSWER KEY
Revision Progress Test 1
Practice Tests: 1-2
Exercise A
1.b, 2.c, 3.d, 4.b, 5.c
Exercise B
1.f, 2.g, 3.d, 4.b, 5.c, 6.e, 7.h, 8.a
Exercise C
1. coped, 2. rewarded, 3. accompany, 4. signified/signify,
5.hinder, 6. deem(ed), 7. incorporate, 8. raiding
Exercise D
1.c, 2.c, 3.b, 4.a, 5.b
Exercise E
1.b, 2.e, 3.a, 4.h, 5.c, 6.g, 7.f, 8.d
Exercise F
1. oversee, 2. disrupted, 3. misbehaved, 4. reverted,
5. ressurect, 6. dwell, 7. prioritise, 8. vindicated
Practice Tests: 7-8
Exercise A
1.d, 2.c, 3.b, 4.a, 5.a
Exercise B
1.e, 2.g, 3.b, 4.d, 5.h, 6.c, 7.f, 8.a
Exercise C
1. implying, 2. preserve, 3. reassure, 4. withstand,
5. consult, 6. penetrate, 7. rectify, 8. acquired
Exercise D
1.b, 2.d, 3.a, 4.d, 5.b, 6.c
Exercise E
1.g, 2.f, 3.e, 4.d, 5.c, 6.a, 7.h, 8.b
Exercise F
1. proportion, 2. commitment, 3. compensation, 4. pushover,
5. ultimatum, 6. obstacle, 7. recognition, 8. undivided
Practice Tests: 3-4
Exercise A
1.b, 2.c, 3.d, 4.a, 5.b
Exercise B
1.e, 2.a, 3.f, 4.b, 5.g, 6.c, 7.h, 8.d
Exercise C
1. stacked, 2. keep, 3. underestimate, 4. aggravate,
5. ignited, 6. engage, 7. pull, 8.perceived, 9. borne
Exercise D
1.b, 2.d, 3.c, 4.a, 5.b
Exercise E
1.e, 2.f, 3.g, 4.h, 5.d, 6.c, 7.b, 8.a
Exercise F
1. goes, 2. laid, 3. unveiled, 4. rounding, 5. affirm, 6. ironing,
7. conceded, 8. tailor, 9. commissioned
Exercise A
1.c, 2.a, 3.a, 4.d, 5.b
Exercise B
1.c, 2.d, 3.e, 4.a, 5.g, 6.h, 7.b, 8.f
Exercise C
1. enhance, 2. immerse, 3. bear, 4.derive(s), 5.tame,
6. alleged, 7. geared, 8. chastised, 9. crept
Exercise D
1.d, 2.d, 3.a, 4.b, 5.c, 6.d
Exercise E
1.d, 2.b, 3.a, 4.h, 5.g, 6.c, 7.f, 8.e
Exercise F
1. authority, 2. superstition, 3. ambush, 4. upbringing,
5. primate, 6. proximity, 7. intuition, 8. misconception,
9. deprivation
Practice Tests: 9-10
Exercise A
1.a, 2.c, 3.a, 4.d, 5.b, 6.d
Exercise B
1.g, 2.h, 3.f, 4.e, 5.a, 6.c, 7.d, 8.b
Exercise C
1. throes, 2. dominance, 3. abudance, 4. fruition, 5. hazard,
6. shortcomings, 7. revenge, 8. demise
Exercise D
1.a, 2.b, 3.c, 4.d, 5.c, 6.a
Exercise E
1.d, 2.c, 3.g, 4.f, 5.h, 6.e, 7.b, 8.a
Exercise F
1. fumbled, 2. lashed, 3. transact, 4. endures/endured,
5. pursue, 6. fulfilled, 7. nurtured, 8. put
Practice Tests: 5-6
Published by GLOBAL ELT LTD

60 Pankhurst Avenue, Brighton, East Sussex, BN2 9YN
www.globalelt.co.uk
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Writing Supplement including sample responses
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Detailed JUSTIFICATION of the Answers for all key parts
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CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 1

Audioscripts & Key

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 2

Paper 2 - Writing Part 1 - Essay

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 3

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 4

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 5

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 6

Dear Sir or Madam,

Register: Formal language.

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 7

Dear Sir or Madam,

A Letter of Application is always formal in

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:33 Page 8

Film Review - Romeo and Juliet

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:34 Page 9

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:34 Page 10

What it should offer

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:34 Page 11

The target reader(s) for a Proposal is (are) usually an employer/superior, a

A rather limited range with notable repetition.

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:34 Page 12

Register: Formal language.

The register is consistently formal appropriate for the task:

CAE-WRITING SUPPL-2015-p1-13 12/2/2014 9:34 Page 13

The target reader(s) for a Report is (are) usually an employer/superior,

Simple basic structures. There are a number of errors:

Most points addressed, but the meaning is not very clear.

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JUSTIFICATIONS OF THE ANSWERS

Reading and Use of English Justifications

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this theme, also ruling out paragraphs A, C, E and G.

side pubs, plus suggested routes and specific points of interest.

21. D - other institutions - indicates it is a big organization and not a vet.

CAE -2015-Justifications-p14-35 12/2/2014 9:51 Page 16

buy (conditional without if). In case basically means if it should happen

37. The correct answer is A, as reviewers B, C and D all make comparisons

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1. B - His colleagues complaints have created a very negative atmosphere.

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37.The correct answer is D. 'Minor resemblances between this novel by Ian

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42. The correct choice is Paragraph F because it comes as an answer to the

buying abroad ...

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go away now so that I really broaden my horizons? Well see.

31.The correct answer is D. Paragraph 1. I was really chuffed and quite

CAE -2015-Justifications-p14-35 12/2/2014 9:51 Page 21

think and in A. the ramifications dont follow this theme accurately.

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30. have the tendency to do sth (expression) = have an inclination to do

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21. D - We dont deal in anything illegal, as there are plenty of interesting

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25. fall short of something (idiom) = to not reach an amount or standard

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Vinci's mural to paint his own commissioned painting without damaging Da

5. C - The woman says Im completely in awe of the intrepid chaps who go

15. C - The interviewer says I am certainly no expert.

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24. F - Im on the go all the time... no warm van for me on my round A

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1. B - I thought it would be worth it to do a bit of mother-daughter bonding.