OBSTRUCCIN

INTESTINAL

Oswaldo Leandro Nina

Cueva
2010 10540

ETIOLOGAS

Oswaldo Leandro Nina

Cueva
2010 10540

No hay compromiso
Simple
vascular o de la
circulacin del intestino
Dificultad/ausencia de
Complica irrigacin del segmento,
con necrosis isqumica y
da
gangrena

OBSTRUCCIN INTESTINAL

Mecnica
1ra. Bridas o adherencias
(50%)
(60-70% en intestino
delgado)
2da. Hernias (15%)
3ra. Neoplasias (15%)

No Mecnica /
funcional
Postoperatorio
Peritonitis

Sepsis
Inflamacin intraperitoneal
Trauma
Clico ureteral
Lesiones torcicas
Desnutricin
Alteraciones metablicas
Frmacos

OBSTRUCCIN INTESTINAL
Mecnica

No Mecnica /
funcional

Mecnica
Intrnseca Extrnseca Intraluminal

No
Neuromuscular
- Vascular
Mecnica

Intestinal Obstruction in Adults at the Aga Khan University Hospital. Syed Qarab Hasnain, Mushtaq Ahmed(Department of
Surgery, The Aga Khan University Medical Centre, Karachi.)

Malik AM, Shah M, Pathan R, Sufi K. Pattern of acute intestinal obstruction: Is There a change in the underlying etiology?. Saudi J Gastroenterol [serial
online] 2010 [cited2016 Feb 8];16:272-4. Available from:http://www.saudijgastro.com/text.asp?2010/16/4/272/70613

OBSTRUCCIN INTESTINAL
causes in cohort of 405 patients with small bowel
obstruction
Adhesions postsurgical in 74%
malignancy in 8.6%
herniain 8.1%
inflammatory bowel disease in 5.2%
miscellaneous causes in 4.1%

Reference -Surgery 1981 Apr;89(4):407

OBSTRUCCIN INTESTINAL
Intestino grueso:
- mas frecuente es lado izquierdo (70%), las causas:
- Carcinoma (50-70%)
- Volvulus (15-25%)
- Enfermedad diverticular (5-10%)

OBSTRUCCIN INTESTINAL

ADHERENCIAS FACTORES
DE RIESGO
Son secuelas de inflamacin peritoneal.
Tipo de ciruga y extensin del dao peritoneal:
Operacin de colon y recto (colectomia total con reservorio
ileoanal, cirugas ginecolgicas y colectomia abierta) tienen
mayor riesgo.

BEZOAR
Son masas compactas que ocupan parcial o totalmente la luz del
intestino
Origen: por acmulo de residuos no digeribles
Imposibilidad de triturar o digerir adecuadamente los alimentos:
- ingesta apresurada
- dentadura insuficiente
- gastrectoma previa

ACUTE COLONIC PSEUDOOBSTRUCTION/OGILVIE SYNDROME

is a functional obstruction; it is typically seen in elderly
or debilitated patients who are hospitalized with severe
medical or traumatic illnesses. Medications that
decrease intestinal motility are also associated with this
disorder. In a retrospective review of more than 1400
cases of ACPO, the most common predisposing
conditions were operative and nonoperative
trauma (11%), infections (10%), and cardiac
disease (10-18%).[8, 9]
Trastorno de plexos intramurales
Transitoria y reversible
Pacientes hospitalizados
Hay dilatacin del ciego