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El modelo ms simple
BALANCE HIDROLOGICO
E S = A/ t
E = entrada = precipitacin
S = Salida = escurrimientos
A = cambio de almacenamiento
t = incremento del tiempo, semanal, mensual, anual, etc.,
Viessman, Knapp, Lewis and Harbaugh. 1977. Introduction to
Hydrology. Harper & Row Publishers. New York
El ciclo hidrolgico
BALANCE HIDROLOGICO
arriba de la superficie
P + R1 - R2 + Rg Es Ts I =Ss
BALANCE HIDROLOGICO
bajo la superficie
I + G1 - G2 - Rg Eg Tg =Sg
BALANCE HIDROLOGICO
GLOBAL
P-(R2-R1)-(ES+ Eg)-(TS+ Tg)- (G2 G1) =(SS+ Sg)
P- R -G - E T = S
Si fuera un sistema
impermeable, cerrado de
aguas arriba y sin vida,
quedara
P- R = S
O bien ese cambio de
almacenamiento significara lo
que se queda en la regin de
estudio (acuifero, plantas, seres
vivos, presas, etc.,)
Balance hidrolgico
Perdida de suelo (MUSLE)
Transito de Sedimentos
Calidad de agua
Hydrologic Balance
Precipitation
Root Zone
Vadose
(unsaturated)
Zone
Shallow
(unconfined)
Aquifer
Confining Layer
Deep (confined)
Aquifer
Hydrologic Balance
Root Zone
Infiltration
Vadose
(unsaturated)
Zone
Shallow
(unconfined)
Aquifer
Confining Layer
Deep (confined)
Aquifer
Surface Runoff
Hydrologic Balance
Evaporation and
Transpiration
Root Zone
Infiltration/plant uptake/
Soil moisture redistribution
Vadose
(unsaturated)
Zone
Shallow
(unconfined)
Aquifer
Confining Layer
Deep (confined)
Aquifer
Lateral Flow
Percolation to
shallow aquifer
Hydrologic Balance
Root Zone
Vadose
(unsaturated)
Zone
Shallow
(unconfined)
Aquifer
Revap from
shallow aquifer
Percolation to
shallow aquifer
Confining Layer
Deep (confined)
Aquifer
Recharge to
deep aquifer
Return Flow
Hydrologic Balance
Root Zone
Vadose
(unsaturated)
Zone
Shallow
(unconfined)
Aquifer
Confining Layer
Deep (confined)
Aquifer
Recharge to
deep aquifer
Hydrologic Balance
Evaporation and
Transpiration
Precipitation
Surface Runoff
Root Zone
Revap from
shallow aquifer
Lateral Flow
Percolation to
shallow aquifer
Confining Layer
Deep (confined)
Aquifer
Recharge to
deep aquifer
Return Flow
HEC-HMS
(hydrologic engineering center-hydrologic
modeling system)
HEC-HMS
(hydrologic engineering center-hydrologic
modeling system)
Ejemplos a revisar
Balance hidrologico en la cuenca
Malacatepec-El Salitre
Revisin de NOM-011-CNA