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VERBS
Bachillerato level
3 Golden Rules
ABILITY
CAN (ability)
CANT (inability) Present
COULD (General ability) Past
BE ABLE TO ( ability in a
particular situation) Present,
POSSIBILITY
OBLIGATION/NECESSITY
MUST (external obligation / strong necessity)
HAVE TO (internal obligation/necessity)
NEED TO (necessity)
LACK OF OBLIGATION/NECESSITY
DONT HAVE TO /DONT NEED TO/ NEEDNT
DIDNT NEED TO / NEEDNT
PROHIBITION
MUSTNT (stronger prohibition)
CANT
ADVICE/OPINION
PERMISSION/REQUEST
SHOULD (NOT)
OUGHT (NOT) TO
HAD BETTER
(NOT)
CAN
MAY
COULD (polite)
WOULD (formal)
Summary
NECESSITY EXPANDED I
In the PRESENT:
NEED TO (+) /DONT NEED TO/Neednt (- / ?)
NECESSITY EXPANDED II
In the PAST:
NEEDED (+) /DIDNT NEED TO / NEEDNT (-). Possible meanings:
Lack of obligation
A) I didnt have to do it, so I didnt do it
They didnt need to get up early, so they didnt.
MO
DA
LS
+
PE
RFE
CT
INFI
NIT
IVE
S
Must Certainty
Use a
Cant Impossibility
Would Willingness
http://www.english-4u.de/modal_verbs
1.htm
(basic)
http://www.english-grammar-lessons.c
om/
http://www.ompersonal.com.ar/omexerc
ise/contenidotematico.htm
(Units 15 and 16)
http://www.englishpage.com/modals/in
teractivemodal1.htm