FORMULARIO DE

CLCULO DIFERENCIAL
VER.3.3
E INTEGRAL
Por Jess Rub M.
http://mx.geocities.com/estadisticapapers/

( a + b ) ( a 2 ab + b2 ) = a 3 + b3
( a + b ) ( a 4 a3b + a 2b 2 ab3 + b 4 ) = a5 + b5

0
30

k +1
( a + b ) ( 1) a n k b k 1 = a n + b n 2n 1
k =1

SUMAS Y PRODUCTOS

45

a1 + a2 +

VALOR ABSOLUTO

c = nc

a a y a a

k =1

= c ak

+ bk ) = ak + bk

(a

k =1

= ak

(a

k =1

k =1
n

k =1

k =1

log a N = x a x = N

1+ 3 + 5 +

k =1

ak
k =1

EXPONENTES
a p a q = a p+q
ap
= a pq
aq

(a )

p q

(a b)

=a
p

pq

= a p bp

ap
a
= p
b
b
q

a p/q = a p

log a MN = log a M + log a N

log a N =

k =1

y = cos x

y [ 0, ]

y = tg x

-1

,
2 2
y 0,

cos ( + 2 ) = cos
tg ( + 2 ) = tg
sen ( + ) = sen

-0.5

cos ( + ) = cos
tg ( + ) = tg

sen x
cos x
tg x
-6

-4

-2

Grfica 2. Las funciones trigonomtricas csc x, sec x,

ctg x.
2.5

tg ( + n ) = tg

sen ( n ) = 0

tg ( n ) = 0
n
2n + 1
sen
= ( 1)
2

2n + 1
cos
=0
2

0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
csc x
sec x
ctg x
-6

-4

-2

Grfica 3. Las funciones trigonomtricas inversas

arc sen x, arc cos x, arc tg x.

2n + 1
tg
=
2

sen = cos
2

cos = sen +
2

sen ( ) = sen cos cos sen

cos ( ) = cos cos sen sen

tg tg
tg ( ) =
1 tg tg
sen 2 = 2sen cos

-1

arc sen x
arc cos x
arc tg x

CO
-2
-3

cos ( + n ) = ( 1) cos
n

cos ( n ) = ( 1)

0.5

-2.5
-8

sen ( + n ) = ( 1) sen
n

CA

sen + cos 2 = 1
1 + ctg 2 = csc 2

sen ( + 2 ) = sen

-2

-1

IDENTIDADES TRIGONOMTRICAS

HIP

arc ctg x
arc sec x
arc csc x

-2
-5

-2
-8

radianes=180

senh x =

1
1

-1.5

1
csc =
sen
1
sec =
cos
1
ctg =
tg

FUNCIONES HIPERBLICAS

tg ( ) = tg

1.5

TRIGONOMETRA
CO
sen =
HIP
CA
cos =
HIP
sen CO
=
tg =
cos CA

cos ( ) = cos

-1

+ ( 2n 1) = n 2

tg 2 + 1 = sec 2
sen ( ) = sen

1
1
( + ) cos ( )
2
2
1
1
sen sen = 2sen ( ) cos ( + )
2
2
1
1
cos + cos = 2 cos ( + ) cos ( )
2
2
1
1
cos cos = 2 sen ( + ) sen ( )
2
2
sen ( )
tg tg =
cos cos
1
sen cos = sen ( ) + sen ( + )
2
1
sen sen = cos ( ) cos ( + )
2
1
cos cos = cos ( ) + cos ( + )
2
tg + tg
tg tg =
ctg + ctg

y ,
2 2

-2

( a + b ) ( a b ) = a2 b2
2
( a + b ) ( a + b ) = ( a + b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b 2
2
( a b ) ( a b ) = ( a b ) = a 2 2ab + b 2
( x + b ) ( x + d ) = x 2 + ( b + d ) x + bd
( ax + b ) ( cx + d ) = acx 2 + ( ad + bc ) x + bd
( a + b ) ( c + d ) = ac + ad + bc + bd
3
( a + b ) = a 3 + 3a 2b + 3ab 2 + b3
3
( a b ) = a 3 3a 2b + 3ab 2 b3
2
( a + b + c ) = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab + 2ac + 2bc
a

a
(
) ( 2 + ab + b 2 ) = a 3 b3
( a b ) ( a 3 + a 2b + ab 2 + b3 ) = a 4 b 4
( a b ) ( a 4 + a 3b + a 2b 2 + ab3 + b 4 ) = a 5 b5

Grfica 4. Las funciones trigonomtricas inversas

arc ctg x, arc sec x, arc csc x.

k =1

a ( c + d ) = ac + ad

( a b ) a n k b k 1 = a n b n

3
2
2

0.5

n
n!
, kn
=
k ( n k )!k !
n
n

n
( x + y ) = x n k y k
k =0 k

log10 N = log N y log e N = ln N

ALGUNOS PRODUCTOS

csc

1.5

logb N ln N
=
logb a ln a

3
1

1
3

sec
1

n! = k

M
= log a M log a N
log a
N
log a M r = r log a M

ctg

1
y = sec x = cos
y [ 0, ]
x
1

y = csc x = sen
y ,
x
2 2
Grfica 1. Las funciones trigonomtricas: sen x,
cos x, tg x;.

ak 1 ) = an a0

LOGARITMOS

90

3 2 1

1
y = ctg x = tg
x

k =1

n
a + ( k 1) d = 2a + ( n 1) d

2
k =1
n
= (a + l)
2
n
1 r n a rl
=
ar k 1 = a

1 r
1 r
k =1
n
1
k = ( n2 + n )

2
k =1
n
1
2
=
k
( 2n3 + 3n2 + n )

6
k =1
n
1
k 3 = ( n 4 + 2 n3 + n 2 )

4
k =1
n
1
k 4 = ( 6n5 + 15n 4 + 10n3 n )

30
k =1

a+b a + b

60

tg
0

cos
1

2 1 2
3 2 12
0
1

y = sen x

ca

k =1

k =1

a 0y a =0 a=0

k =1

+ an = ak

a si a 0
a =
a si a < 0
a = a

ab = a b

sen
0
12

cos 2 = cos 2 sen 2

2 tg
tg 2 =
1 tg 2
1
sen 2 = (1 cos 2 )
2
1
cos 2 = (1 + cos 2 )
2
1 cos 2
tg 2 =
1 + cos 2

sen + sen = 2sen

e x e x
2
e x + e x
cosh x =
2
senh x e x e x
tgh x =
=
cosh x e x + e x
1
e x + e x
ctgh x =
=
tgh x e x e x
1
2
sech x =
=
cosh x e x + e x
1
2
csch x =
=
senh x e x e x
senh :
cosh :

[1,
1,1

tgh :
ctgh :

{0} , 1 1,

sech :

0,1]

csch : {0} {0}

Grfica 5. Las funciones hiperblicas senh x, cosh x,
tgh x.
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
senh x
cosh x
tgh x

-3
-4
-5

FUNCS HIPERBLICAS INVERSAS

(
(

)
)

senh 1 x = ln x + x 2 + 1 , x
cosh 1 x = ln x x 2 1 , x 1
tgh 1 x =

1 1+ x
ln
,
2 1 x

1 x +1
ctgh 1 x = ln
,
2 x 1

x <1
x >1

1 1 x2
sech 1 x = ln
, 0 < x 1

1
x +1
1
csch x = ln +
, x 0
x
x

IDENTIDADES DE FUNCS HIP

cosh 2 x senh 2 x = 1
1 tgh x = sech x
2

ctgh 2 x 1 = csch x
senh ( x ) = senh x
cosh ( x ) = cosh x
tgh ( x ) = tgh x

senh ( x y ) = senh x cosh y cosh x senh y

cosh ( x y ) = cosh x cosh y senh x senh y
tgh x tgh y
1 tgh x tgh y
senh 2 x = 2senh x cosh x
tgh ( x y ) =

cosh 2 x = cosh 2 x + senh 2 x

2 tgh x
tgh 2 x =
1 + tgh 2 x
1
senh 2 x = ( cosh 2 x 1)
2
1
cosh 2 x = ( cosh 2 x + 1)
2
cosh 2 x 1
tgh 2 x =
cosh 2 x + 1
senh 2 x
tgh x =
cosh 2 x + 1
OTRAS
Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0
B B 2 4 AC
2A
B 2 4 AC = discriminante

x=

LMITES
1

lim (1 + x ) x = e = 2.71828...
x 0

1
lim 1 + = e
x
x
sen x
lim
=1
x 0
x
1 cos x
lim
=0
x 0
x
x
e 1
lim
=1
x 0
x
x 1
=1
lim
x 1 ln x
DERIVADAS
f ( x + x ) f ( x )
df
y
Dx f ( x ) =
= lim
= lim
x 0 x
dx x 0
x
d
(c) = 0
dx
d
( cx ) = c
dx
d
( cxn ) = ncxn1
dx
d
du dv dw
(u v w ) =
dx
dx dx dx
d
du
( cu ) = c
dx
dx
d
dv
du
( uv ) = u + v
dx
dx
dx
d
dw
dv
du
( uvw ) = uv + uw + vw
dx
dx
dx
dx
d u v ( du dx ) u ( dv dx )
=

dx v
v2
d n
n 1 du
( u ) = nu dx
dx

dF dF du
(Regla de la Cadena)
=

dx du dx
1
du
=
dx dx du
dF dF du
=
dx dx du
x = f1 ( t )
dy dy dt f 2 ( t )
donde
=
=
dx dx dt
f1( t )
y = f 2 ( t )
DERIVADA DE FUNCS LOG & EXP
d
du dx 1 du
=
( ln u ) =
dx
u
u dx
d
log e du

( log u ) =
dx
u dx
log e du
d
( log a u ) = a a > 0, a 1
dx
u
dx
d u
du
e ) = eu
(
dx
dx
d u
du
a ) = a u ln a
(
dx
dx
d v
du
dv
+ ln u u v
u ) = vu v 1
(
dx
dx
dx
DERIVADA DE FUNCIONES TRIGO
d
du
( sen u ) = cos u
dx
dx
d
du
( cos u ) = sen u
dx
dx
d
du
( tg u ) = sec2 u
dx
dx
d
du
( ctg u ) = csc2 u
dx
dx
d
du
( sec u ) = sec u tg u
dx
dx
d
du
( csc u ) = csc u ctg u
dx
dx
d
du
( vers u ) = sen u
dx
dx
DERIV DE FUNCS TRIGO INVER
1
d
du

( sen u ) =
dx
1 u 2 dx
1
d
du

( cos u ) =
dx
1 u 2 dx
1 du
d

( tg u ) =
1 + u 2 dx
dx
1 du
d
( ctg u ) = 2
1 + u dx
dx
1
d
du + si u > 1

( sec u ) =
dx
u u 2 1 dx si u < 1
1
d
du si u > 1

( csc u ) =
dx
u u 2 1 dx + si u < 1
du
1
d

( vers u ) =
dx
2u u 2 dx

DERIVADA DE FUNCS HIPERBLICAS

d
du
senh u = cosh u
dx
dx
d
du
cosh u = senh u
dx
dx
d
du
tgh u = sech 2 u
dx
dx
d
du
ctgh u = csch 2 u
dx
dx
d
du
sech u = sech u tgh u
dx
dx
d
du
csch u = csch u ctgh u
dx
dx

-1
+
si cosh u > 0

-1

si
cosh
u<0

sech 1 u > 0, u 0,1

1

sech u < 0, u 0,1

m f ( x ) M x [ a, b ] , m, M
b

f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx

f ( x ) g ( x ) x [ a , b ]
b

sen udu = cos u

cos udu = sen u
sec udu = tg u
csc udu = ctg u
sec u tg udu = sec u
csc u ctg udu = csc u
tg udu = ln cos u = ln sec u
ctg udu = ln sen u
sec udu = ln ( sec u + tg u )
csc udu = ln ( csc u ctg u )

f ( x ) dx f ( x ) dx si a < b
adx =ax
af ( x ) dx = a f ( x ) dx
( u v w ) dx = udx vdx wdx
udv = uv vdu ( Integracin por partes )
n

u n+1

du
= ln u
u

n 1

du

a2 u 2

du

u2 a2

u
a

u
a

= ln u + u 2 a 2

udu =

du

1
u
ln
a a + a2 u 2
1
a
u u 2 a 2 = a cos u
1
u
= sec
a
a
u 2
a2
u
2
2
2
a u du = 2 a u + 2 sen a
u 2
a2
2
2
2
2
2
u a du = 2 u a 2 ln u + u a

u 1
sen 2u
2 4
u 1
2
cos udu = 2 + 4 sen 2u
2
tg udu = tg u u

sen

= sen

= cos

a2 u 2
du

ctg udu = ( ctg u + u )

u sen udu = sen u u cos u
u cos udu = cos u + u sen u
2

e au ( a sen bu b cos bu )
a 2 + b2
eau ( a cos bu + b sen bu )
au
e cos bu du =
a 2 + b2
ALGUNAS SERIES

INTEGRALES DE FUNCS TRIGO INV

sen udu = u sen u + 1 u

cos udu = u cos u 1 u
tg udu = u tg u ln 1 + u
ctg udu = u ctg u + ln 1 + u
sec udu = u sec u ln ( u + u

au

sen bu du =

f ( x ) = f ( x0 ) + f ' ( x0 )( x x0 ) +

= u sec u cosh u

csc udu = u csc u + ln ( u +

u2 1

= u csc u + cosh u
INTEGRALES DE FUNCS HIP

f '' ( x0 )( x x0 )
2!

f ( n) ( x0 )( x x0 )
: Taylor
n!
f '' ( 0 ) x 2
f ( x ) = f ( 0) + f ' ( 0) x +
2!
f ( n) ( 0 ) x n
+ +
: Maclaurin
n!
x 2 x3
xn
ex = 1 + x + + + + +
2! 3!
n!
x3 x5 x7
x 2 n 1
n 1
sen x = x + + + ( 1)
3! 5! 7!
( 2n 1)!
+

senh udu = cosh u

cosh udu = senh u
sech udu = tgh u
csch udu = ctgh u
sech u tgh udu = sech u
csch u ctgh udu = csch u

MAS INTEGRALES

INTEGRALES

u du = n + 1

INTREGRALES DE FRAC
1
du
u
u 2 + a 2 = a tg a
1
u
= ctg
a
a
du
1 ua
2
2
u 2 a 2 = 2a ln u + a ( u > a )
du
1 a+u
2
2
a 2 u 2 = 2a ln a u ( u < a )
INTEGRALES CON

f ( x ) dx = 0
m ( b a ) f ( x ) dx M ( b a )
b

1
= ln tgh u
2

tgh udu = ln cosh u

ctgh udu = ln senh u
sech udu = tg ( senh u )
csch udu = ctgh ( cosh u )
1

1
u
log a udu =ln a ( u ln u u ) = ln a ( ln u 1)
u2
u log a udu = 4 ( 2 log a u 1)
u2
u ln udu = 4 ( 2 ln u 1)
INTEGRALES DE FUNCS TRIGO

au

ue du = e ( u 1)
ln udu =u ln u u = u ( ln u 1)

cf ( x ) dx = c f ( x ) dx c
f ( x ) dx = f ( x ) dx + f ( x ) dx
f ( x ) dx = f ( x ) dx
a

a u a > 0

{ f ( x ) g ( x )} dx = f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx
b

ua du = ln a u ln a

d
1
du
, u0
csch 1 u =
dx
u 1 + u 2 dx
INTEGRALES DEFINIDAS,
PROPIEDADES
b

1
d
du

senh 1 u =
dx
1 + u 2 dx

e du = e

a du = ln a a 1

DERIVADA DE FUNCS HIP INV

1
d
du
cosh 1 u =
, u >1
dx
u 2 1 dx
1 du
d
, u <1
tgh 1 u =
1 u 2 dx
dx
1 du
d
1
, u >1
ctgh u =
1 u 2 dx
dx

1
d
du si

sech 1 u =
dx
u 1 u 2 dx + si

INTEGRALES DE FUNCS LOG & EXP

cos x = 1

x2 x4 x6
+ +
2! 4! 6!

+ ( 1)

n 1

x 2n 2

( 2n 2 ) !

n
x 2 x3 x 4
n 1 x
+ + + ( 1)
2 3 4
n
2 n 1
x3 x5 x7
n 1 x
tg x = x + + + ( 1)
3 5 7
2n 1

ln (1 + x ) = x