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  • Solucionario de Fundamentos de Manufactura Moderna 2da Edicion - Groover PDF

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    Solucionario de Fundamentos de Manufactura Moderna 2da Edicion - Groover PDF

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    3 1 WELDING PROCESSES Review Questions 3 313 315 316 317 318 319 31.10 Name the principal groups of processes included in fusion welding. Answer. Arc welding, resistance welding, oxyfuel welding, and “other.” The other category includes EBW, LBW, thermit welding, and others, ‘What is the fundamental feature that distinguishes fusion welding from solid state welding? Answer. In fusion welding, melting occurs at the faying surfaces; in solid state welding, no melting occurs, Define what an electrical arc is. Answer. An electrical arc is a discharge actoss a gap in a circuit. In are welding, the are is sustained by a thermally ionized column of gas through which the current can flow. What do the terms are-on time, arc time, and operating factor have in common? Provide a definition of these terms, Answer. The three terms mean the same thing: the proportion of the total time in a shift that the are is actually on. Electrodes in are welding are divided into two categories. Name and define the two types. Answer. Consumable and nonconsumable. The consumable type, in addition to being the electrode for the process, also provide filler metal for the welding joint. The nonconsumable type are made of materials that resist melting, such as tungsten and carbon. What are the two basic methods of are shielding? Answer. (1) Shielding gas, such as argon and helium; and (2) flux, which covers the welding operation and protects the molten pool from the atmosphere. ‘Why is the heat transfer efficiency greater in are welding processes that utilize consumable electrodes? Answer. Because molten metal from the electrode is transferred across the are and contributes to the heating of the molten weld pool. Describe the shielded metal are welding (SMAW) process. ctrode cor Answer. SMAW is an are welding process that uses a consumable el ‘metal rod coated with chemicals that provide flux and shielding ting of a filler Why is the shielded metal are welding (SMAW) process difficult to automate? Answer. Because the stick electrodes must be changed frequently, which would be difficult to do automatically. It is much easier to automate the feeding of continuous filler wire, such as in GMAW, FCAW, SAW, or GTAW. Describe submerged are welding (SAW). Answer. SAW is an are welding process that uses a continuous, consumable bare wire electrode, and ate shielding is provided by a cover of granular flux. 209 311 3112 31.14 3115 3116 3.17 31.18 3119 31.20 31.21 Describe electrogas welding (EGW) process and identify its major application Answer. EGW is an are welding process that uses a continuous consumable electrode, either flux-cored wire or bare wire with extemally supplied shielding gas, and molding shoes to contain the molten pool Why are the temperatures much higher in plasma are welding than in other AW processes? Answer. Because the arc is restricted in diameter, thus concentrating the energy into a smaller area, resulting in much higher power densities, Define resistance welding. Answer. RW consists of a group of fusion welding processes that utilize a combination of heat and pressure to accomplish coalescence of the two faying surfaces. Most prominent in the group is resistance spot welding. ‘What are the desirable properties of a metal that would provide good weldability for resistance welding? Answer. High resistivity, low electrical and thermal conductivity, and low melting point. Describe the sequence of steps in the cycle of a resistance spot welding operation. Answer. The steps are: (1) the parts are inserted between electrodes, (2) squeeze the parts, between the electrodes, (3) weld, in which the current is switched on for a brief duration (0.1 to 0.4 sec), (4) hold, during which the weld nugget solidifies, and (5) the electrodes are opened and the parts removed, What is resistance projection welding? Answer. RPW is a resistance welding process in which coalescence occurs at one or more relatively small points on the parts; the contact points are designed into the geometry of the parts as embossments or projections. Describe crass-wire welding. Answer. Cross-wire welding is a form of resistance projection welding used to fabricate welded wire products such as shopping carts and stove grills. Why is the oxyacetylene welding process favored over the other oxyfuel welding processes? Answer. Because acetylene and oxygen bum hotter than other oxyfuels. Define pressure gas welding. Answer. PGW is a fusion welding process in which coalescence is obtained over the entire contact surfaces of the two parts by heating them with an appropriate fuel mixture and then applying pressure to bond the surfaces. Electron beam welding has a significant disadvantage in high-production applications. What is that disadvantage? Answer. EBW is usually carried out in a vacuum for a high quality weld. The time to draw the vacuum adds significantly to the production eycle time. Laser beam welding and electron beam welding are often compared because they both produce very high power densities. LBM has certain advantages over EBM. What are they’? 210 31.22 31.23, 31.24 31.25 31.26 31.27 31.28 31,29 Answer. (1) No vacuum chamber is required and (2) no x-rays are emitted in LBM; and (3) the laser beam can be focused and directed with conventional optical mirrors and lenses. There are several modern-day variations of forge welding, the original welding process, Name the variations. Answer. (1) Cold welding, (2) roll welding, (3) and hot pressure welding, 1 are two basic types of friction welding. Describe and distinguish the two types. Answer. The two types are: (1) continuous-

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