Grados y minutos

Latitud
Grados y decimales

2+ /60)=
J =

Latitud a radianes

( 180 )( )=

Distancia relativa tierra-sol

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

J
=
365

Declinacin solar

((

=0.409sen 2

J
1.39 =
365

Angulo de radiacin a la hora de puesta de sol

=cos1 (tan tan )=
Clculos en radianes para hallar Ra
A=sensen
B=coscos
Radiacin extraterrestre
R a=

( 0.082 ) ( dr ) [ ( A )+ ( Bsen ) ]
( 2460
)

Insolacin mxima
N=(

24
)

Duracin real de la insolacin

n= =
31
Radiacin solar

Rs = 0.25+ 0.50

( Nn ))Ra

Radiacin solar en un da despejado (RSO)

0.00002Z
0.75+()

Rso=
Radiacin neta solar o de onda corta (Rns)
Rns=( 10.23 )Rs
=4.903109
T mink=+273.15
T mink =( 4.903109 )( T mink )
4

T maxk =+273.15
T max k =( 4.903109 )( T maxk )
4

T media=
Presin de saturacin de vapor
e 0 (T max )=0,6108exp [

17,27T max
]=
T max .+ 237,3

e 0 (T min )=0,6108exp [

17,27T min
]=
T min +237,3

Presin media del vapor de saturacin

o

e s=

e ( T max ) +e ( T min )
2

Presin real de vapor

e a=

HR media
e
100 s

T max +T min
2

Radiacin neta de onda larga (Rnl)

Rnl=

Radiacionneta

Rn=R nsRnl

( T maxk + T mink )
4

( 0.340.14 e a)(1.35

Rs
0.35)
R so

Determinar la radiacin extraterrestre, la insolacin mxima y la radiacin solar para los

siguientes datos:
1. NEIVA-HUILA
Latitud: 255N, para el da 27 Marzo
Segn IDEAM el nmero de horas de insolacin promedio histrico para el mes de Marzo
es de 149.5
grados y minutos=2 55 N

grados y decimales 2+ 55/60)=2.92

J =86 dia

( 180 )( 2.92)=0.051 rad

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

86
=1.003
365

((

=0.409sen 2

86
1.39 =0.037 rad
365

1
=cos (tan 0.051tan 0.037 )= 1.573 rad

A=sen 0.051sen 0.037=0.002 rad

B=cos 0.051cos 0.037=0.998 rad

( 0.082 )( dr ) [ ( A ) + ( Bsen ) ]
( 2460
)

Ra=

( 0.082 )( 1.003 ) [ (1.5730.002 ) + ( 0.998sen 1.573 ) ]=37.742 MJ / m 2dia

( 2460
)

Ra=

0,408 ( 37,742 )=15,39 mm/dia

N=

( 24 ) ( 1.573)=12.017 horas /dia

n=

149.5
=4.823
31

Rs= 0.25+0.50

horas /dia

4.823
( 12.017
))37.742=7.824 MJ / m2dia

0,408 ( 7.824 )=3.192mm /dia

2. RIOHACHA-GUAJIRA
Latitud: 1132N, para el da 27 Marzo
Segn IDEAM el nmero de horas de insolacin promedio histrico para el mes de Marzo
es de 234
grados y minutos=11 32 N

( 3260 )=11.533

grados y decimales 11+

J =86 dia

( 180 )( 11.533)=0.201rad

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

86
=1.003
365

((

=0.409sen 2

86
1.39 =0.037 rad
365

=cos1 (tan 0.201tan 0.037 )=1.578 rad

A=sen 0.201sen 0.037=0.007 rad
B=cos 0.201cos 0.037=0.979 rad

( 0.082 )( 1.003 ) [ (1.5780.007 )+ ( 0.979sen 1.578 ) ]=37.323 MJ /m2dia

( 2460
)

Ra=

0,408 ( 37.323 )=15.228 mm/dia

N=

( 24 ) 1.578=12.055 horas /dia

n=

Rs= 0.25+0.50

0,408 ( 21.015 )=8.574 mm/dia

234
=7.548 horas /dia
31

7.548
( 12.055
))37.323=21.015 MJ /m2dia

3. LETICIA-AMAZONAS
Latitud: 412S, para el da 27 Marzo
Segn IDEAM el nmero de horas de insolacin promedio histrico para el mes de Marzo
es de 129.3
grados y minutos=4 12 S

grados y decimales4+

=4.20
( 12
60 )

J =86 dia

( 180 )(4.20)=0.073 rad

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

86
=1.003
365

((

=0.409sen 2

86
1.39 =0.037 rad
365

=cos1 (tan (0.073 )tan 0.037 ) =1.568rad

A=sen (0.073 )sen ( 0.037 )=0.003 rad
B=cos (0.073 )cos ( 0.037 )=0.997 rad

( 0.082 )( 1.003 ) [ ( 1.568(0.003) ) + ( 0.997sen 1.568 ) ]=37.408 MJ / m2dia

( 2460
)

Ra=

0,408 ( 37,408 )=15.262 mm/ dia

N=

( 24 ) 1.568=11.979 horas /dia

n=

Rs= 0.25+0.50

0,408 ( 15.865 )=6.473 mm/dia

129.3
=4.171horas /dia
31

4.171
( 11.979
))37.408=15.865 MJ / m2dia

4. PUERTOLEGUIZAMO-PUTUMAYO
Latitud: 011S, para el da 27 Marzo
Segn IDEAM el nmero de horas de insolacin promedio histrico para el mes de Marzo
es de 105.8

grados y minutos=0 11 S
grados y decimales0+

=0.183
( 11
60 )

J =86 dia

( 180 )(0.183)=0.003 rad

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

86
=1.003
365

((

=0.409sen 2

86
1.39 =0.037 rad
365

0.037
tan (0.003 )tan ( )

=cos1
A=sen (0.003 )sen 0.037=0.00011 rad
B=cos (0.003 )cos 0.037=0.999 rad
1.571
1.571(0.00011)
+
0.999sen(
) ] =37.655 MJ /m 2dia
(
) (
2460
Ra=
( 0.082 )( 1.003 )

0,408 ( 37,655 )=15.363 mm/ dia

N=

( 24 ) 1.571=12.002 horas /dia

n=

105.8
=3.413 horas /dia
31

Rs= 0.25+0.50
0,408 ( 14.768 )=6.025 mm /dia

3.413
( 12.002
))37.655=14.768 MJ /m2dia

5. TUMACO-NARIO
Latitud: 112N, para el da 27 Marzo
Segn IDEAM el nmero de horas de insolacin promedio histrico para el mes de Marzo
es de 142.3
grados y minutos=1 12 N

grados y decimales 1+

( 1260 )=1.20

J =

( 180 )( 1.20)=0.021 rad

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

86
=1.003
365

((

=0.409sen 2

86
1.39 =0.037 rad
365

=cos1 (tan 0.021tan 0.037 )=1.572 rad

A=sen 0.021sen 0.037=0.001 rad
B=cos 0.021cos 0.037=0.999 rad

( 0.082 )( 1.003 ) [ (1.5720.001 ) + ( 0.999sen 1.572 ) ]=37.720 MJ /m2dia

( 2460
)

Ra=

0,408 ( 37.720 )=15,39 mm/dia

N=

( 24 ) 1.572=12.009 horas /dia

n=

Rs= 0.25+0.50

0,408 ( 16.639 )=6.789 mm/dia

142.3
=4.590 horas /dia
31

4.590
( 12.009
))37.720=16.639 MJ / m2dia

1. Bogot Colombia
http://www.woespana.es/weather/maps/city?
LANG=es&PLZ=_____&PLZN=_____&WMO=80222&CONT=samk&R=160&LEVEL=162
&REGION=0021&LAND=CO&MOD=MOA&ART=PRE&NOREGION=1&FMM=10&FYY=20
15&LMM=12&LYY=2015
http://www.worldmeteo.info/es/america-del-sur/colombia/bogota/tiempo-101322/
Latitud= 4 43' N 28 octubre
Horas de sol n = 113 horas
M sobre nivel del mar (Z) = 2550m
Tmax=20.1C
Tmin=8.9C
HR=60%
J=301
grados y minutos=4 43 N

grados y decimales 4+

J =301

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

( 4360 )=4.717

( 180 )( 4.717 )=0.082 rad

301
=1.015
365

((

=0.409sen 2

301
1.39 =0.247 rad
365

=cos1 (tan 0.082tan (0.247) ) =1.550 rad

A=sen 0.082sen (0.247 ) =0.020rad
B=cos 0.082cos (0.247 ) =0.966 rad

( 0.082 )( 1.015 ) [ ( 1.550(0.020) ) + ( 0.966sen 1.550 ) ]=35.662 MJ /m2dia

( 2460
)

Ra=

0,408 ( 35.662 )=14.55 mm/dia

N=

( 24 ) 1.550=11.841 horas /dia

n=

Rs= 0.25+0.50

113
=3.645 horas /dia
31

3.645
( 11.841
))35.662=14.404 MJ / m2dia

0,408 ( 14.404 )=5.877 mm/dia

0.000022550
0.75+()

R so=
Rns =( 10.23 )14.404=11.091 MJ /m2dia
=4.903 10-9 MJ / K 4 m2 dia1

Tmink = 8.9+ 273.15=282.05

Tmink4 = 4.903 10-9)*(282.05)4 =31.029 MJ /m2 dia

Tmaxk = 20.1+ 273.15=293.25

Tmaxk4 = 4.903 10-9)*(293.25)4=36.259

T media=
e 0 ( 20.1 ) =0,6108exp

e 0 ( 8.9 )=0,6108exp

17,278.9
=1.141 Kpa
8.9+237,3

2.355+1.141
=1.748 Kpa
2

e a=

60
1.748=1.049 Kpa
100

20.1+8.9
=14.5
2

17,2720.1
=2.355 Kpa
20.1+237,3

e s=

Rnl=

MJ /m2 dia

( 36.259+31.029 )
14.404
( 0.340.14 1.049 ) 1.35
0.35 =2.462 MJ /m 2 dia
2
26.925

Rn=11.0912.462=8.629 MJ / m dia
0,408 ( 8.629 )=3.521 mm/dia

2. Santiago de Chile
http://www.woespana.es/weather/maps/city?
LANG=es&PLZ=_____&PLZN=_____&WMO=85574&CONT=samk&R=160&LEVEL=162
&REGION=0021&LAND=CH&MOD=MOA&ART=SON&NOREGION=1&FMM=10&FYY=2
015&LMM=12&LYY=2015
http://www.worldmeteo.info/es/america-del-sur/chile/santiago/tiempo-101377/
Latitud=3323S 28 de octubre
J=301
Z=474 m
HR= 41%
Tmin =8.1C
Tmax =20.6C
Horas de sol n = 3

grados y minutos=33 23 S

grados y decimales33+

=33.383
( 23
60 )

J = 301

( 180 )(33.383 )=0.583 rad

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

301
=1.015
365

((

=0.409sen 2

301
1.39 =0.247 rad
365

=cos (tan (0.583 )tan ( 0.247) ) =1.738 rad

A=sen (0.583 )sen (0.247 )=0.135 rad
B=cos (0.583 )cos (0.247 )=0.809rad

( 0.082 )( 1.015 ) [ (1.7380.135 ) + ( 0.809sen 1.738 ) ] =39.384 MJ /m2dia

( 2460
)

Ra=

0,408 ( 39.384 )=16.069 mm /dia

N=

( 24 )1.738=13.277 horas /dia

n=3

Rs= 0.25+0.50

3
( 13.277
))39.384=4.699 MJ / m2dia

0,408 ( 4.699 ) =1.917 mm/dia

0.00002474
0.75+( )

R so=
Rns=( 10.23 )4.699=3.618 MJ /m2dia
4

=4.90310 MJ / K m dia
T mink=8.1+273.15=281.25 K
T mink =( 4.903109 )( 281.25 )
4

= 30.678 MJ /m2dia

T maxk =20.6+273.15 =293.75 K

T max k =( 4.903109 )( 293.75 )
4

T media=

e 0 ( T min )=0,6108exp

17,2720.6
=2.427 Kpa
20.6+237,3

17,278.1
=1.08 Kpa
8.1+237,3

e s=

2.427+1.08
=1.754 Kpa
2

e a=

41
1.754=0.719 Kpa
100

36.507 MJ /m 2dia

20.6+ 8.1
=14.35
2

e 0 ( T max )=0,6108exp

Rnl=

( 36.507+30.678 )
4.699
( 0.340.14 0.719 ) 1.35
0.35 =1.025 MJ /m2dia
2
29.911

Rn=3.618(1.025 )=4.643 MJ /m2 dia

0,408 ( 4.643 ) =1.894 mm/dia

3. Washington D.C.
http://www.temperatureweather.com/caribic/tiempo/es-tiempo-en-eeuu-washington.htm
Latitud =3854N 28 de octubre
J=301
Z=10m
Tmin=10
Tmax=20
HR =60%
Horas de sol n = 7

grados y minutos= 3853N

( 5460 )=38.9

grados y decimales 38+

J =301

( 180 )( 38.9)=0.679 rad

dr=1+ 0.033cos 2

301
=1.015
365

((

=0.409sen 2

J
1.39 =0.247 rad
365

=cos1 (tan 0.679tan (0.247) )=1.366 rad

A=sen 0.679sen (0.247 )=0.154 rad
B=cos 0.679cos (0.247 )=0.755 rad

( 0.082 )( 1.015 ) [ (1.3660.154 )+ ( 0.755sen 1.366 ) ] =20.176 MJ /m dia

( 2460
)

Ra=

0,408 ( 20.176 )=8.232 mm /dia

N=

( 24 )1.366=10.435 horas /dia

n=7 horas /dia

Rs= 0.25+0.50

7
( 10.435
))20.176=11.811 MJ / m dia
2

0,408 ( 11.811) =4.819 mm/dia

0.0000210
0.75+()

R so=
Rns=( 10.23 )11.811=9.094 MJ / m2 dia
=4.903109
T mink =10+273.15=283.15
T mink =( 4.903109 )( 283.15 )

31.513 MJ /m2 dia

T maxk =20+273.15=293.15
T max k =( 4.903109 )( 293.15 )

T media=

[
[

MJ /m dia

20+10
=15
2

]
]

e 0 ( T max )=0,6108exp

17,2720
=2.338 Kpa
20+237,3

e 0 ( T min )=0,6108exp

17,2710
=1.228 Kpa
10+237,3
e s=

e a=

36.209

2.338+1.228
=1.783
2

Kpa

60
1.783=1.07 Kpa
100

Rnl=

( 36.209+31.513 )
11.811
( 0.340.14 1.07 ) 1.35
0.35 =4.649 MJ /m 2 dia
2
15.136

Rn=9.0944.649=4.445 MJ /m dia
0,408 ( 4.445 ) =1.814 mm/dia