SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Free Haemuae Viet 2 ety oleate ch a9 ea opr sn, Atel toon re aon teu rats ‘enone intron itn tae ‘Ne ctc ou ed bau ll ou ep ra en {it fev val of ue pte of ode arin Siti‘ may ben lel ape cpm ponte ted aig te ta ne pe Se ena Shei am ey one pce hag a sh Sena ed tr hn gi eds aie he sow ge ocing Meck tigi w Gr mar prop fap wee ope Tena tp thay tie syag Ue rage ah at ad Siphon Oe near Wu oat anberpg coal tay bea tat he ota viata, represented bythe cme it Fig M2, Ingle component of te oton gen ty the cuveia Fig 2 ede eae sealed the pase afrnc phar ape ofthe vo vation THe oats Spin Fig ares to dine he pase plo, noch ‘motong are teats et roving ter ase 1. A simpy porte el ban of gh / = 10 nd sel pig BY = 20 thn hank of wg = 0 sapped at sri pd 2 ha scovain ng 19 Sef a ‘tert nita cont, sete he huey ta cpiade te oye “olin, Uns he aston fh ad Wresng ta eter oh be site ceian fe IS «NRO ai" Gane wc, om ag (8 ny 68 wan 1 cst te amputee th af th nl int 0) hen the ‘angel seh tote a pce 9 nota a i dhe i wy eyes) ample Aa VCR EME, = OTOR = VaR = 070i ‘ests amp mead rm the sya poe, sk Sod he tl eesti pod y allo eoo Fes pee ae gu 2B of nh 1 aime yo ag ‘Ning ingest hy abd conse enn Pe xs atpped by mo ings cnt ad har al eet prt See ni ee & SSinion Forte ese a Fie 15, cach png te same eon sth india longa ae = yan 8,» Wy ce tt ‘ielstomon othe west ahs Sg hel ting crt lr hn = mae 2 ing hive ono. (nc lest pti sven. at the awn ig 135, yb i testan i ie appr ping ody the ‘prac i th ler spring fa oe ste see weg fe [Sc eg mat ve hess cep meng, nol sharmore 2 wit pcomst ofthe weigh prod roti Fre bem th o o ‘chet espe eng con thy. Tate, for ringing iy mcr the nu pig coat oot ti sok ‘sun Frese eda pags mn Be ob rom xpress 1 FREE HARMONIC VIBRATIONS 9 snd as Sapeh ean ee “a ample 3.4 simple fame nce conte of 3g ney patonn of sgn = 38a apparel frig vt coheed ed ey ‘enc spl yn gon oo, in Tere te hinge at ne en each agonal hasa ova te V3 inttedswnsonedton gh ron Negtng ale pth tsp, {Sade pv ror te Mt iran te sae “Soren Apply fre athesSroion ative as ftp, ssi 4s Duet snd he change aula nthe gral AC wilzeS= VHF. Th saponin elogaten oi ager st Movie nk tothe saga 0 sorte anual amount Aaa eo ee es Se ingen, em btn aor hax alton = 2, Tis, ‘he sving Swat fortes bso Yue ww Sete eh yt ao, (13) ain 00 ia VE — 01268SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM ‘ppics nes din thetsneveits Shae Pb a es Qrson ot Mpoter denon atheros ae sampled Ase tha he veg ie Fig 1 ent an cata mane Tua cotati 2a ate ig coma oft ae “nde tie ina sain este eng mob the crm the pret "Tey es La se nage P= 00 Be = 60 he eases ot tbeclte d 25 motu of sly of esate 15 2 py ETS Te the weg ote eaten be epee, “ili "Daig swoon moron of oe so, he ene cin he Seu o 0 tapoo sana he eongn tha cathe scfm ia nan Dew wo ‘fz ne meta he para of he owt um he pln pil at tant whe tr wsoty ay roma (03) nec ‘Le hth apne of ieaton wb gel op, wa p= Ve {ue da inte Ten th mu da SRST ANG Tens gens ~nise ao) webs staan B22 Geoorstesssatsa) 3020p i sen me oe {Sete ppt tn ea ect beet afc oe PROBLEM SET12 91 [PRORLEM SEF 13 Lt, Theta rng in ig 1 as atc ster B= 8 ie dames and ern cle Tae od lai of he Wis nmarinc = 12 itp ance ssp wits = SOT. oe Ge peel te sian eit cy pra hinge iy Y= 1st obo nthe date Mugu dst ns ofthe Dai he he hey ateeveion oft Skskowg = stieatdrend ote nerhay. inf eaters rok 12 2. A team AB basing Bel gy £7 = 9010 ini pare pons and Dy spp ach eng oping stat 30 eo ‘lows the ar Nile the Gtibred rate tne bea, soe end oe bran ofthe bk of ugh 9 = 001, etd 30h Stoo eb Lt 1 At tok ght = 80 Kp ipa your ee pe stunts fut tthe ene Sowa ne fete Tack Clann as See Seip ha? 1 nin Cate peso of fear of tank ‘Stas drcion Neel tb dtd me fhe coumOy js WICH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM SS |S, Torito the anu dod ss aang unk th conan: cap tastier spon ang pie i ite ti te oe tc oh cn Se sn sts el riots it wtp ed of ees ‘en sappes Tite he ae umeral ata BreneEage ‘a. gn = Tp i, “Apa ane com fa ay 26 in hi 29 on gil ‘ned by welling toon fen Re ema, hows ine ee Incl i hana! sels hig etna ea = 402 ft ‘sof gatons = Os2inyand f= 0 1p Cacti satel ed [eral bron the plas sh ae scan compan i tt {EW estenng hinged and Ng agi hea nd mat Poh 1s 2. A wes continous team coming f 69 6 In sel chanel sche ii ae SHAE he nowt {Pitgeaene mio he span BC. a show the fe. Compute maa tego ta nin tnt npg sat dass fs Prot 257 115, aa al of man ithe to midi of hy Hd suf iea , ehowm te gure owe ct eat Heng 5d Soja ih intial on 5 Se phe etl sation fata oe “mle oom fhe al sh ht teen ne seo Se ‘Sexo comsncinenat tm han ileal been is oe at peed ts nt 260 RES 119A sig We ganted by ee ies y hy come nes ina same snr fo tat or tna pg ie. Sn ate eget ‘prog cost ote ate Sanne ihe 12. Rotations Viens Letascomidrin Fig. San aticraftbulin ath upperend aden atisioner esd soud signee dak Such 49st sles rea! Penn Ie dk s road though all angle aout he sas he Shr ap hla, te omen exer oon by thew al Seti in tion snd fice rotation! arin wl nee. Dang seh ira ‘ns, the monet exe onthe isk by the ted sat le prepotea14 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Pela tothe anl of tit nd wl nays atin a ceton opposite tothe ‘ovat ofthe dink Ths if densest mars moment oft of ek bot the ax of th sal angular alerted te tore ‘Sktege tas (a pcs eee cnet tnvecung Getaton o o we may weg (as Stevo an “This equton has the stv fem as (1) ofthe previous arte; ence, ite solo ie the ae form ato (13) and we On totes ben oo ste nd fa sprit ad aga wy, ps {oy fe ior he inal nae f= ren ne povs 12 ROTAMONAL IBRATIONS 5, sr, wo cent ome (13th psf tn bron sean /t as) snd ey ss os Te hesaseof a shat sel erp san dav length and eer sts ternal spring ctor ean be empress by he Fra ner iste moda of lay jn shear forthe tei The symbol J Inge) epost econ cota! ofthe tos sean oft hh ‘thc egal othe pos ment far lo tbe cos ection cel ‘The tra sping coat Ky lly expssed i ws of Tin. pet ain orternce, ifthe cule dik i bomegenus, with danetr D and eit Hina tomer of nei wl bo ptt 7 tn i ns of gui Kd te prin rey ween cs Sl ei cand "eee scala a a ssc set ion tay cea hate titted fy ase eet cee Sacra thle dtned ty genet om focal ae Me aha asin eae nnn ery ao, Tan eee nes or beta coir its pa oro he £i/Soogl intronic Oder na eect mc ten tig) to pion et en fhe bs SR Gooch ata sey ere eee SSNoGSaIn sales ae oho Ge ale 2 be eu of Sas Tr ea waned dough the eile Scan te a ri ateten soe eoe ef eanter tears omine ow cesar ut dened ten heme me ar ty sash nf may Ce! oe Feta Chron sackets pg cet tana Yas oc 72{)YATHNIS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM ite, the guilt pig constant a be oan fom (af the peta rie The ci 4 stpped sa ean ao Be hadi fn ater way 1 he saat sag of ob pu aoe ng ec 7, eo Srl otis th ah Be MM MG MEG gf it ie ae + oa eal 4) iene tineta ita oem dae EACeN SSIRA Stl deus ta os maid eh fame “a b a ate ‘Te shaft offen Land ameter das the same sprig constant the ihe a of wo et diameter nd is an uae sn Us ese Tec us consider now te case of sat spore a atoles Desig ag carping routing body atench ed, aston Fig 13, Such ace ft pacial eee, Buse ay be conde fo eps! a propel ‘Sharh propel atone sed anda arse fotor at te othe he 0 ‘dk ar sted n opie elon and tes way rae, ton “irons il eau: ome prin of eanseraton of anglr mae tum follows thatthe dts mus aways vote lo oppose ditetons ‘sorog such abraone Thos three» sain itredte roe seon Ince pars? he stat fee Pig 1) wn onal seston, ad ths ou anton eel the idl seo, ti poston ou om be Tact the the emo bodies mast ve these peiod of ation, becuse eee ae Fels {ine on he sat pene wld a ol sey 9 make (ease team von otherwise the conan that thy mun alas rotate fn opposite diets Sil wot be fue. ‘Apphing ep (19) teach a he ewe sebeptems on te Wo a ofthe onary a fe tot Vee glen te thy hn ye gs sn snare Sty an le Tian popes apart SSRY Gis £24 Treosncea+b=Z.veias ” 4, cal Shah heh . ‘Appving og (19) and (110) 0 the If-tand portion of the sue, we ea poh [aa way From ths fst he prod andthe equeny often ration san br leiste, proved fat the ipensons of ie aka, the modulo 6, nd the muro feta f the Dost ead known. THE Ima che abated in our present dieuson efecto he peiod ‘tefeation wil be soni lata At. 1 ean be sen om ee (ght ion ofthe rotating bodies ba very lage mass most of nerd i compan Wt he tec, th oda se ‘esi ante kena the er body, a the pte ewe Rote (Fp, 19) duces to at wh ony at (FE 1) Tunple 1. Rela to Fag 19, ame tore Homoenes ds he ec ie alt ve gt = 100 Ty tM, = 2091 a cae ‘rion a y= lay whe che ta hat Hag = 0 i, dee 2G a tal abet odaad 12 10 po Compete funy 0 ‘eon ion of i spt, iat pop il ie ey be end dong ng ote Caer a te ha ces Foon in6 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM eit, ng gs ac tin ett a CIS 5 eat peor aH at TH Stange tr pe with eon esha ino (2) jE TB es dao! med en $i 8 8 eho a et 2161 00 2 oat 4m singh cea i at uy eel pepe onan tage Sy (Dae snag te ey ae brio ET "aml fel neta elle Sih ah tte selene anton STRUM LSS fat etree se cet ree eat eye Sigel i ep ne ‘retain tasieiags SE ua ka a nen om gn pas ed ee s&h acer Son Rimeer ee eee Sega eg tone ne ey ‘ormulas for stifussses of « beam, we have sie oe ama _ 66 = 1a! OR » en tt 188 ® "thems sumed begs, angen te ote steeples al, snr ee ae bebe {rere healt wat jhe nga soda tat = Sing hs encima ee 9) mh od nS me Bt 0 “re non tin et neon r= 8 ® ia PROBLEM SET 12 pte © Sutsetuig we of oo (1) nc aig tn the mae moet ‘sei fhe bel n= Wi, we PROBLEM SEF 12 LL sei he Geen o anal ian of orion a 42 tush vu phe 3 ih sapenca em dtr engl hs aoe nso te sh eae herein " “ann fasjp wr 0 one oF aesDox oma 1231 eee ee eee ofblatissetsansete aa a pen at, i on ot emt roti tin neta em race ee air teat reser ce ech teeta ot nar rpg te te ee an i te Te wit (Fig, he peneictam has period vy; ane when cacrying a body af une ane mae are iit cena ree pic ieatra be Se aaa Bie us pros te ah Ivete sume tantra uc ae gh and The as ne Ca vi EERE 12-2. A slender prismatic bar Al of weight 3” and lengih ¢is suppocied in a 4 5 Saeringns mast toe co pct nar ‘Sine hen atyuemuatete sere pice SAS ainateacauincinces 1246, Determines th gual gh yo ug sha vig te sae sora py €or ora often shown ewe Tecra (iy bth Di bee ual pty Borne tt te heaege tsa 9 ‘vest cen: to tow leet eect oC and D drag wt Tinecrntsots The sranhpn BP haart gay 6 nd rom ed22 SYSTUMS WrTH ONE DEORE OF FREEDOM Pr 126 1.29. To pei mate 48 and CD ate appre in age a tapes how nt gue uch hacer ey tty i wed ‘hese prom ral ostom Cacne‘he o t ten he Shotigetnatal dtp tence) noiuurshec mete 13 10 ot 127 12 Retering alae he st ia Po 12. ad ke ener xpresion fr go ef sg i taney none if 133 Ae eer ¥en uae FF eee ee a engines : 1210, Tetmed parm of ang 3, Ad LG Fg 1.9 are neh fo Re h dnd uno oe pan Caelte the peo ot asia ara sy et voi aka ee sien Oe 13. ory Nett Iris omens edventogoe 0 he prof meron of ergy fir srg ste an woh he eo dpaton of erry. By ab ‘thet of manor ne tis ne aegenteeion Sten wb ederneand he guy of ume values ef Keen Soest ng ding toe ian wi be abe. “one nia the ping aye In File forthe pose of asiyng hon an cms bab If ve heist hs of he rings ber, {he ne ry oe beng om 2 “he poten enry th sytem in thi ascot of wo pa: he pote ecigy the weight by vrs of ess teow the ui am positon datum: and (5 he sain egy toned inthe cing ctu of ie places The Sito he carpe 7 Kem ® Peo We © ‘Toeseulse te scond quay we conse toe diagram shown ia Fig 1.1, Unich a plot of the spring force Sse Tagen of the enpceent =4 SYSTEMS Winlt ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM In he equiv positon te Fre In te apring i Wand when the ie Dace the force ib W + x. Thos, the sin ees Hove i he prin eing the dipacenent 2s som meet ® Ang he courses (0), (0), and (2) an burg ter su stb constant in acordaace withthe nw Of conservation of eh. me sain Me Ee conta @ Bessie expo ng) cust, te of ange th pet sine mut be ot. Ths ae 208 alee) -° ® “aiming te devs in (9a ding by dene eeaton 1 ton bn! previo ia aL . Zeatene 0 ve ae nly intrested ia ning the maura equicy of vibrating yoten, is aot necesito canto te equaion of motion tl We may 13 ENERGY METHOD 25 inte observe tn be ibeating eight in Fig, LL i at et in neo ems ponons, whee Het penal eRe (hae = wo weit ints ergy eo. On ke er tan, when he Wh using {rough tis sjitbor posive (st =~ 6) wh maximum veloc ius energy o we it oti nergy 0, Bene the ttl energy renin consar, The minum kets energy nt be ea to he maim pon re (Kee = PE (uy “This ingle stint uel or the purpone of cael the astra Iheques} or peed of 4 sibing ser, For fe sem In Figo, ‘hunting esprestos (pe 0) aes Wag _ bias aera ® _Avsmioghemonis moon ofthe or en by 6 (8, Asailpt— 2) tm psiaget— 0) 2am Prone ay Subang th ae fo a 69D, me aaa fs rane bined previo in Ant 1. The oe fe.) setting pode Ur raecnces especialy nvacagea ied of a simple sen ot ig LHe, ws mveaore compl’ aye nveling ers ving pc Suh cst oe stated in tbe examples which ole. ecample 1A dla ie cone of 3 ce ecg wih. sch rmeppoetd on pene own i 12 Move he ele ‘Mite couse stn poser 80, ih pid ats ened by the period of stbration26 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM serena, Nagsing temas of eosin ake Feiadofeion a hye amg bat rors ee mee Soin. Le be te manu eloky of he eit HF dng vision, Tig econ gir ey th te BOM i head eas nea oe a ta em abet pat hanes of ‘Ses nts suinum confine Oa o ‘oes te te sn exces cw, aft byw va dle. ‘eg i ei Whe pg laren eso ca Bsa lene the sje a Seeded 7 Eumng xpos ad in ance with 15) an sing fr spl roi mito hereon = pe rn 4), etd tr ecg freee (Exe, diary ram a hepsi of aos then ed by expen Oh ‘ame. An ince pena conse wih ee nda ERG ol pnd Oa perc psig feulespiag as homing Lie Naps. susval ang ad thea 04 eee tay coco nd tga pny» all inal ula he Pant pe ce ur 1a ENeROY METHOD 3 en Let Fig, he pte snl on don ro ca tn et Satin tpn aon Tile se ar ape! nega pston ibe sane 14% o hee. oi ey of sen a cate pon aprenintly ae = Hh Inte veal potion ig 10, i ert as ep why “prince snp 3408 srw F= WM ep he eh Sin sere tet pos OT (6a = o Ba aireated Lie, ° unin earesion (9) a (an wng te clan a =P a (ieee aae seg 0D eis so inn (st He ia ea ae frp nly hat» we rn3x sysrus Witt ONE DeaREE oF FREEDOM {dicmnsa tt rapa 3 tye tt hin pT a tat jSapatitpacran ee Pe anes sek Tat ate Ao SR ae sana leseme ats ‘theough the Beight eee ae % nd cong) wa ° ‘ove iii pon, and he poten ney OBaeg = la = » "nha mie poston he pit of conte 4 te inate eof ae orth xindr and forthe otic naan ape eg ct poi ema nm o iting epson) and aot ig 10, wei fo hang esr 2 7 © PROBLEM SEF 133 1. Te ie ees x hay pei ig ana of ttn at spaen pl ef niet Derm the eee of sal cl lneconatie nye nog Wat thea whichis becca he nace Nagorno 122 cant be ul ng vin an pita lente nnn oy espa r= hy Sige Shaan amine vote eng im fo 1 wae poten a 28 he pens feeb ese ey 38 ap Ws esis teeny ie Wr tage ae aoe gw ‘phonon nuns wae qtbonn Nag ue ea 1% "en he ag gue he ten ee wa ra ge ae te Te ep ee (a = = delapen2(Gven)| 1rd elvan ent na ne ge veils oth Nguoi cpa de wo Posh“61 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM ‘heh repent othe plea hfe Diet ong ‘fst ec rns of eigenen ne eee 7 A bn. p= EEA ea ob 134. iat 49 of gh, apede n ue Nei! wea ‘st Geir pertos nal tation xlstom fee hen ant ‘Soto sth etre tag egeney a ee nla we rede Pos 136 3, Atami gmat oa de one by ing witout sa 28 4 hors pe neue Deemane Be sgl fan) of a “itas i ete ata fhe pode, te duct been a gray, INIT pi tbesgune tte mas grata abt he cen wn on dere=e 1 Rasligh Mabed 1 lof cvs consieed peony, the pres wee reduced tothe ‘Spe es of rauon yt i oe dete of eo 2 wing ‘Site upiestone Fr fee. fe the rengemet shown it FE 1 ‘he oa of te sping us net Io omarion wih te tas othe sie we eh rangement shown Fig Cems fe Besse arsed, Apa io tn cue shown i Fg 2, the mass nomen of [Ener tte sbt'wer iodo eompesion vil that ofthe dake Ale troops then inion sre este eoough i many paca aes, tet tend les nina oan conan ea) ‘ruth aproninatios besos ec. fm ett dermis te fest ‘Stach tian on he eens of iteton, an appease mets ‘isle by Lord fale wil now beasesied In apg ths method {ome auunpicnregring the consgraon of esate Jing ibrason Init be mule: Tac gutrey of wrain il hen Be ound Com & soe ‘drat comaton era ee aes “Aca ope apo te apcatin of Ray's etd, we wh cx wns ig {tan ido and 1 a a ot me Bit il not be seocanly feed ty the mas of sping Wil ipod acura) ican bese ht he dplaement of) pon 00 he “LEW: ppg Pry fwd ne of Ma, Laden 1S Se ratio Bite yore oat, Near2° sySTHNE WiniT ONE DEGREE OF ruEEDOM. Fring» danse from he ed end (ce Fig) she se a he ot usin spring, Tue * aad © corsa erate Wiedipuartnuvan lady tn a yet spun ite a se ene ean Teeny etirgne a ceca ng imap auae sacar astral oman ee ee aCe) peso ng pig f(a gp a Hae ) LEP) oe Bay O uty me ele ego he wih 7 he sg onale a) see han(yy g 86) — te al" +5) ® Comp 1 en wih) opr, may Selina erin alec tee et ee, Tosecanan a ence emul gc ‘ets "hs Une bed ne np a hedges of he iets co uci cs ee te wegtteiptetteameecersier owe om eae a a geen cae, PEO ere ala OT arte oe Eh “sam cape con bat of anf a of oom ‘ceteris ghana ran em teed neat an ana seme ee et ee 1 Sent wi eet nang te ee ea igor tar sara ages we sacs a ‘he ad ae hon os ng ae cde sosetion of pom is ghana AL, La RAYLEIGH METHIOD 33 laleenet the center ofthe Seam daring vibration, we egress te ‘Guplaement fay elemeet lose at iatanee = Hm ie sagpor ss (eae @ ‘Toe masimur Kinetic ney of de Sea ef i be LHe leo “This Kini ery ofthe testing beam nut beaded to he eneay ‘Wyaiag ofthe tad connate atthe mile in caer fo sia The ft the weight ofthe bm oe eco of ibaa nf one he tio of via wl be the tame afr mass ten Feds he Idle by be weg wows tne ‘Buon athe extreme ease when = 0 aad where the eqicafot weight eine is concentrced a the mide of the bea, the aeouracy of the approate med i uficenty cose fx pat purposes The detection sie bern under te acon of he eqfalet fond Srp atte mie san) Sabsitting hsv ino (13), eG thatthe pei the atta tsFe tis The xa oto or hci 11s ee that he etor of th gpptxiaatslin forth ising cast teen 17 ‘heath camps we alone pramai canter team eying sit Wat ates od eshown eg, Assure tit Ging baton ‘eshaecf the deesion cui fhe eam the ame a eon produced ‘yaa sail applet thee, Deng ty the mam apace ene of th aed we may empte the ie egy tte Beam a {alow hp atm att [ie = foet ® ‘Te pf bation forth co wil be he ane a for russ never bum nade teen by ewok ‘The eqiale weigh of Cy)? may be sed even for css where wf is oval Appiyng the tote ett cave whee = 8, we cain ja) ‘The esing ped of raion wit be te fre al ® rane eae 0, 14 RavunoH MEmioD Is “The xa solton forte same ease st 1s sen ht the err ofthe apron ston abet 1.5%, te wo peng an of Wsnierse trans of lod Dems ne ne ht fe spe fie Beas curing vibration were te sae the ‘eteaion ues dueto state appetion ef the loads Lae iniingeaszof® feels ten tha the core sump: bt mo the team has oe Aeated mast only an sponte a grea me ase oY "esstable shape for te stents veo the beam, me can expe fo bain loi pproiaaton tthe tre period of ibatisn.OF coe, Ife ea fps those, ve shoul bain the exact pred. To demanceate Ths pote ue smd again the sgl supored team nig 115 maou! {he net Wess knows fo ths ae (ve Av. $10) at cing vibrates tte cute shape ofthe east ure lave be eulbiom potion, i = tin « ‘Az before, te sytol 9 (2) the manu eeton a the enter hehe beam, ay be Seon at ay othe ult lose a a cian om te oppor. “The Knee ery ofthe entice beam in the eqibeiae posto wil Ye 0 Ie ore osompute the maint pote energy of the Dum elatve to the equiva poson, we Wi we te Tolewing expres} fer Der ‘ain ener a=! [28h ax o pan subetasing the sco eariatie of expec (at (nad fring the ered inepation, we fave Bit Ee EE, » Final, equtng expression (and nin asordance with (1.13) ad fb mens of oth of Mer, ab ST on. Yu,YSTEMS WETHE ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM ono [Bt ay, se mening pint += el bh pl et rein ive pevy a "Ar emionel sows, hy cole of faetion eter that the eae shape i'prtace aa apposite ve of he re gues oe peso Ae) od sho af shape ence fra isting bes costo he deetio| Ave dav tes ow weight apps ately eore to ute se, hace oes nove Yc ef an uaoaded singly sapped Beam: ed “Mine ute dette might wis ppd ate protean ealoning dese shape Borate. a othe + 20) o ‘tht = SHeYDBRETs he defacto a be cee, “Phe Kins energy ofthe be inthe equim positon it (Ke) tpdenE [tae (16 eea[trenE fare | a9 ning into (9 olin pd (etna o ‘ermine soft ie te im Contra yrange a cemet et taal apple debate wig eq tthe fev tala eure 8 eteum. Ts, PBeye =f Ly ae .t (ron [bor an omg 0: eg (an wri 6 Squntngepresons 9) ad) we obtain ompaing th elo oat egenion gen ya. (LS), eta ie teouste ote sgn eae Hes quatos (1.16) and (1) say be sated foto the sey equation cl} gees gnc exprenion for pin hip pct Thas, [ore A i slag the eg of i nm, mat rei ihn he ges Cet err pauses Beh om fheengresion "ers be ed hat sla bet patty with an ns lage mumber of cogs fda heen, testing, aa icons ‘areas tps nen Reioghrmeed he choo achat shape lor The deacon cue guano etrdacng om dea conan sich tod he sy co one Soving nse dope of nem, Sick {ual somtanscan only rose tis sino of Wt th, hy Inu te teguns of wseton The, nal esd shove ‘pronto gales nod Regis ato se ‘Bien higher a eat san The et of taro ibe ce Fig, 8, the ae aprointe nn oa bet nero eae the itt fe nei tn ea Sethe regency ot entesntn et cette so ria ‘tthe sbal er ato Ten singe ate oto the ‘Sic in cro ands chops tino cose advan © om he id eno te ah lst the asin its eey of dea tesa be sei peter ace teem ae UrleMy a Cee re Sst ts eet of the mast the staf on eeu of isn ‘Tau, the prada featon wl ete sume a or ha shal rag Aspe dnaiont Raised aefeund ind Teas 6. Bay, ep Ree Saas ron mato ayer Moke8 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM thc body oe whi he mass moment of ints “ vase “Ta tonne of a without tached Ries ay bevel plod t mane tales to tat for eraneete keto of Seam Fonang the ae ses ag toc (1.1) for beams, we Stlch & ‘lol exreion for san. Thue, 4) when represents the ange of tit at any pot de othe appiatin E daoved tx tht i hen be money sql to 2 per unk Engh et thea e mbol x epee a anglseanrton a (at lene ny he taken 0 eae uamle 1. Decenine ie Negra of nate viens of the on suppor! sam 1) af amet ee eon) ang at "RE opt he am xa Be net take th seg the er to ‘Stilton ed wig Rage etd "Siri an anh dae of te ea em the od of he Be tie oe tin nd oi = Wat PET fore sp ‘Salnat he expan € = te aS nt bs et 9 Bue nthe ong heqey of tation om De out eal 1 RAYLEIGH METHOD 0 “To ke hems fe bea lo avo we cone the defcon curve of tae seahorse he ad he Stetina sy pit a til ‘evn tebe sah nce om he pot = woe no we ene ore eta ny int ph ot en Waste dt 9 om noosa aig ts ttn eng tg sin ti seems crete cma say rte oe in wich i te ren wey afte land, wend ete mesma ‘tc egy of ht potion BL Glee =83 Gone] See me oi ph giptne +0) ~ eee © o eee “oa fois rb he stn of nergy (113 becomes 0 0 tg I 7% = fee a feat the guns he tilts 9 exon () ad a) Eee ending Foe scan se Fqy anton LW Teer TE o aamples Relating tothe rata bm in Fig 1A6and slag stat #0, oe opine prc feel ain by te Hae "Bebod keh ssp tha aap fb am aig ie at ‘tesa edon ave cated by he ph oe ts ‘Suu. Fora unonly ctebted lad ty on ea he| seve wind ONE DEORE OF FREEDOM sin te tae ost den ante tar v0) © eh jg = HRT i he ecient fea. Subtype ata 19a adept, we Wine BG « ga ® tong expen 20 esa posal «ie conepodig psa fv ss Ee ® vena ale forthe eames prin i thi ces gem by 9. (and ‘Tre nye sppocieon ner by su he PROBLEM. SEF 1a Lb Rettig oe sin brat a Fig. 146; cleat ie pd of Lihlvkasonoribeliningen tee = Oe ec ausrntea or SC teed tig aya thos. Ave Ghat he shape the aes "ng wrt gen th espreton lee ve to ae fe Note at ase ape ton “San bprome pet to or By ab i ip f2, teva nF 1Staebohend biti in spp "Sain eto oh Ohad ade te te wet a pe fe ‘Gantt natal pedo ie! ria? vane nar othe en aretoncesponog isco er hs ard 143, Ung te Raph ete he pao ited in fn ea of wept wea onal ig Bf a al en the prong bien. Asn at daring vt he ema So Sparen ttatcal shape nba loan of coi care Tat es oo Uftensof ths team on nore rani dds a wl epee ee atlmt) whey the efation the center athe Ben a 14, For te fame ge ear a Pb, 11-6, asume tat ec vera cola neu night of fet andi pinaed a he oto coh css the ‘trsalpeced tno raion hanced inmate clas Us tttte me sme! ds tne pron poy os Lt 145,” Weat perio oft unformatted waht the team ABCin be ps hold bene othe wept ae en ein slag thes Feueny fe teaton Soune ae cateen eve canto ad s. BMan 0 L t r 146 Suppo hae ign ig. (ene to A. bangs ve ionn weg» porn engi athe a oe Ung he ‘ighmehod,stmate bangs requ of be inane ae fais tone Fora pn nin anon te ef epg oe ee eee 1g {Saand dacs oer m rT et te peel fad yaa leg and twig pr an ent fh ping hig ifs st ening ens eh pg sn ty Nein ing emt eta aah nat Spied sal tan ntact arth nego te ag a Suvdale, tp +c Ter F(2 SYSTEMS WrTHt ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Labs. Deri te expen ob sdb 9 nthe geet care er ramos ino seed ae Lt ten a este te "CSS mean esa er nang par Ian fh salen Gnd Uap the onl scone: Ava arson ost: onlay ena goto ate oeee sped to oe ar eR Bl a + a) iw Sie FB aoe ae F r rot 14 149, Relig o Fro 329 of Ar 2 eet eens tins uti i of wna he ge. Cre Tr he ma te ‘poke soy hae ach poke ar HN Wy 14610. Referang to xno 2of A 1.2, cate eng of ttn sais o th df ico fore es of th dl spats, ‘SBineTeh te have ens waa etd log hg L i 80S Se ETE 1.5 ams and Sate wilt Senet Mass Asan tension of Rai et us cose anal of eh {Socom mh several nus st hou ie Fig 18 Ths ype of ayia ‘deny ewe with bee of Tumplag tbe stated mas ean ots easton of pone long length tf aposiate i “pms charset OF coe aes of megs uy stl vata Hof ade he sate Tlie ce hs hy, Wand ones the weights om the ear ie Eg 1th ble sh a open the corespoing sai ipsemeat. “The pei enigy of Slomaton sored ine benm during tenn is Synth (0 vis @ aa For the purpose of eacultng the angler frqueney ofthe andar ode of sitaton, we may Wate the sine energy of the ef litem posi a Pe KB = mat + mt + Lt a = 3 Miah ME at o From eq (14) of Act. 13, we Save RAP me =m co “Tose ( my be tetas a ae Est + Mik Ma @ When cy () a (are aqua, te folowing expen for pias Po ak Wa sd . tn esr form meson the tse expr 0) Besos my re am a ich ca rete version of. (11) te preceding ale uaa 1.20) shows ta frei the regency 9 pid of ine vin of bem with ever mas only the welts Hesse HP ad Ube tate ceions yy genase Tequres The ter Quen ise suiad easy the methods fear debaon they. bes has 9 ‘abe eross soi oi the eet of he mega the meme Fal 2 ‘eta imo accounts tecery to et the Rem mo seta prt, ‘he wigs wich su be conse a consid Tos "Reena iratons of shafts with several id God ached ay be| SYSTEMS WHIT ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM ‘sd in ange analogoae that for tems, Fe ti purgone ede “Sil tes 8 (LIB) preceding See Su, wap Pu) + hiscepcnion the sol repress the rotton oe hi Boxy cua ate of aiatictogues. Sa org fo te fs bay Sealy eal to a where Trane Shiner tte of eg) 16) though (1:20) tt the poeta sot rec onesie unin erring them ar refer tones postions the seme These eas ual ar ot wlFequtesting ae apres ine resins are equ. On the oer bod, vibrations of trestiod Sco ay alto vestigated hy the Rayligh meted wg nagiary Stoo at ow einai pts far apace. Kral ao be ‘ed that all af the numerator ters In es (18) trough (1.21) vl be Save whan the apleg acon if the sme ema she corerpoesing Spleens. This soul always be the case eer fo guarantee Ute ‘Gt equeey fan upper beusd on tha we que example Using te Ray tho, ans ate he dsl mode a ban the ene tw mas sot 1 "Stow gy fhe bn td te debuted omen eb elie ‘te fore tht = ee “Stan Int cse ibe sd haiti tebe mt inves smi toto seein cur ue foes Wa Wy eg Spe tn or aon ni 1, Tne ae Oe ‘atta 1 Be 1S. BEAMS AND SHAFTS WITH SEVERAL MASSES Stating eh val into (129, we aban coop et zenmnien gcta oee ng teats tear setae Se Ree cores th crectae cacti oe Tee ees ee etre ‘bon We nse tat eg eal ions etl alos 2 eT Sree Serer: she ee eee ane Sorte Seercetpinme oman Serger Ge mien gerne SSSR on Basic moamaebewione 4 ek fe ee ha Fe 120“4 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEOREE OF FREEDOM sedi sate destin nig. te bse nett Me ara Sting ae alae in 3 get Wi y= = = We ne oa a Oo RF aro Suppse tats od ph lo Watched shefansce cps ya fr ig. Se, dd ee vA, ene apo SBS Bye a {Dien Dus obo weg ating aay, he ncn po cp ses The hap i Hu Init nde cnde Wy sy sano es aa sane po Plait + Oh + aa Be PRM [aa oo Seca sample 4 tage dt sont i ving mts ome pri 2 ‘satathet at eet the aa i Fig 1 eA 2 Ug gig ‘eo acne opine ee cael move of ss ‘Sui To cba cotton diptcones, we apply targus fn ae ‘iment oto te ng sat a ec ac rg [otis rea dptnate of Mop anise and eae de rtp te ea (te fy dente buona ist ie sy, Subsinina od tr ino By 2 pts stare + 126g) Fa Tam promen ser is PROBLEM SET 15 1.5. A canteen sural gy cate lade shown inthe fiers Us the Rayegh meted ete te fara cod of ee er vibra, Nara een alow W = 001, Pein es a50 ibn ae a 1.52, A sn apport ear th overhanging nd cars aes 2, 0 Wath ft igre The er Deni fe bess 2 = fol? andi sal sated ahha oe mas, ceca ed ine tian pido ne ore. 152. Amume tt he Negeri 0 Fg 18 ees he ised ugh ot pee te ied ot apa anda the que ‘ie estos pb one 2, Crp a apesine {She fhe numer pred Raps eho. = ale‘4 SYSTERGS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM 14 ge thon peers ami mal for ator team of unto sce By haya nebo erin atametl pai un voter | | i 18 A hime sil model fr sue with ed ede np inh re tian agar esa at oe real 156, Cone these a Ms 84 epee» anges aay ‘nod fo aval vcatons of «sates be wih ssc at ng agi td ee OF nga ey 0 oe fk 1.6 Fated Vibatio: Stndy Site le Are 1 we studi te fe vietione of a page ate and sa thar i motion depends ony pon the ial condos and ie phybeal Saracens and ig, whe determin earl Geguecy He he Systm subjetedt oter nner, sch ines reson pets ‘Suppor matons, the dypamisreypons bist mare complssst tn may Pte eons we ener» pore urn fore api to 1S FORCED VIBRATIONS: STEADY STATE 42 TUN Fig iat the spose of the ss thi conon fee oa foreal ators [Avan example of fred wtratons, cntder the srngapendt! entor of weight W (Fig. 121), which corsaned to aplue nthe vets) ein oly, Thi ssa anata anguie Gequencyp = Wi. ‘Sieussl ia Ar. Suppoe so thi testo ne ats coat Sola ped ean tha sot sly oa of Slee, ingen in Pg 31 yan eeonrie asa pou A. Tas urblanoe wil rea rotating St ia fore whch wl in en produce fred wibraons ote yt Inv aitoo tse gi free sin the srngYeee, we now hae te est somponert Pin a of the rotating tvs were) cade. Thin, {Ge equation of motion becomes WOW he) + Polat o In wich the term Plat cle 3 Aaa fring faction, Itong Imo 9 (a) he notatone be poet Ww w io #4 Pemasinet 2»A parkas sition of this equation is obied by assuming that « ‘oporiel fo sine, by thing a= Gnu @ the nga of whih mae ehosen ana tat attain (it that equation, we fd east “Ths, the rege porta slton gener : nd “ Adding wis particle sition a he poeta silo 6 1.2) the her ‘owaus eguation (a8 obs Fa Gece + Coane 29 Fo his expreion contig two constants of ilepain sed Fepresat the (oa ston ae. .2. he ts eh (1.2 set ein wih wr dhe cure before an the de Sepeding on he dig fe eee fens he fred atin of heen Ter sen bt katt vibrson is thesun erisd Tw jr ath ot ituting se Ug eatin) ina. and gorng he ee brant we ban s-ae s oe Jct tations, tied byte epeaton , 1 fer += (fem )( py th expen. Is began he epsom ofthe mots ii the estnm spas fo Ue af ie Foe52 SYSTEMS WIM ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM tt Fe 12 1a ha is case he iraton i si to eps wit te xn hie ia the ater ese the espana ob oof pe the above dsusion the daub orc was aken to be proportion to sir of bu the sme colin wl be raced It ken peoertons io out Furthermore, i alt posse ta poduce forced wetons by Fea of prod per mation fe erouad moti). For example some ‘iespelgsisenie weight in Fi 123, and supose athe pp er of ‘he ping pena pe Mee maton = sino © in th vt dreton, tse mes he dpe ofthe suspended Stitt Bom ts equ positon when r= 0, the clongaton oe Zeta any tare il be = mc and he oreo fre a the pth = 5) + W-Thay the eatio at natin oh oped ‘eit becomes = Wie 29) © Subang For i exprenion (fad wing te atitions f et ot ant o ve ob Eb pee gga ae 29) vic mney the ame 8, (1.22) obtained before Thus. it-nay Te snsaded that gig the upper ene of fhe sping 9 ple arorie 116 FORCED VIBRATIONS: STEADY STATE 53 ‘notion din seus to te aie spplcaton of x dsrbing fase {ha)sin at A prevoussonlsions aac to the sltion of 90.23), hold loin thin cve, and we conta Enally Sat we wl aga oan Sens fred sian: Seed by te este — zea) - (eyeing oman strc upnremaercnreereees Speciale agement Stains ints at Sead Sheen ene an dp nmin congeners Siouneed atta ieetatemeiamty Seer nee ease at oa ionic Ree eat nama panna Fe penn gat er at a= asin o “The euranged fr of ep fe thi pete ie Ba vic ayaa © Yor te purpose of wing expression () ne. ()), te fling change af odin eel Bary ae w shee he yl = repress late dplasomonf th mas ih sept {o pound Subsuuag »~ and 2 fem expression nto 9 ()) a ‘eaanging We obanie Bes hate — 7 fi 0 ‘sing be ntatons eee w4 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DECREE OF FREEDOM. a sabitsing c(t, (, we ea 24 pet = atsinot a hl cto he ame ase 1.22) a6 (129, “Te slton of (2) allows he aie psters ote previous eae, tnd weray eutace tat herons othe spoon nt lee corde (Gs deat by expesions sth ear tht obtained byte cpyston i a csr force gil to ~(Wgaan at In thi eae the tends fovea vibration of te system elie tothe aoving support en By We pnen)(—! = (tance cay (Se) (=) en noe nti son igh mt teh are abe te ‘okra mn cate cpu ane Waar tay Stn cnt wane tr nae one season ne a sri hn rc iso oe Exasle 1 Detemie te arg ofl aoe ofthe sat ge Epstans eno mn ron rn fe une sha at he rey /' 0 eer he ce en) "oman andthe sage st os rau toque M anaes oe ‘heey see 0081 me ‘Staion Toe eon 9 mot thi seis ee Ae 12) Sean Mone ® hee $n gt = i efor rn a ® na at 00 ay =f = 20 nc eee apie oot xan 2A a ato wy sce th core rot sasshou ig 1. Deere te apo fh el vt ene ‘htant aco tnt he ey sapien at ee ‘Enon ie spng nae te ain ote kG See ae ie he ny ae dd itn i ach Sata" Cmising era rans of hand 0 the ig tte Spr ety tonya te seca Se ‘Buclothe wat unfon hc wte lage oad eal 16 FORCED VIBRATIONS: STEADY STATE rel rei ein ite eto ‘ets el rey et ett ar (mE coaal on ar near te S527 nsaunte tessa 1) =i neg Feo Ble loo cain i Tat yomutoetas lta rte ee Sting leitemeeteteey cr cheer: Sicha Senat gr a Ses Teng, tacit tonnage me Smt fee eset ee ase Sloper traps Ronse TE ett penne mgt ce opel aetna an (hp) t ee Tt, Bp _ 2800001080 senses > pHa “snp of he eae ty pli Cin rate corals 2 LOL ooo a econ sndve piteion ace inthis Trop Tetle feed win inet sedis et om se, 02.70 ha sn ‘hcg ts he sing wir ed by hi sou of pst Vitteg _ Hammon ae ov sorte agi Elan gob aad atc com be Sper Wt "be tesenyste respon ofthe ei “Solo "Comr pig Ope ft spe show gave ngeet np hao ie gt ya be tsi pel bh or Exam sretine tea = 2750p © sens iy Bile Pant may ihe ‘he aon ett ng (pst ke con he ma abe the ar facionwpoled sea. eoenig ne maes * Pawo ° —— a : ‘soya oc stn may bed tle Pa tino. (1.20 89 “0 =) a ‘hota fong oon sed econ, ade the pu oC epenon ‘tae fog aston scan PROREEM SET 16 Let. eeu ial ttl tage hen arn ‘ad anguce eenyo = lOve de pe PROBLEM SET 16 57 ifn of he sy a Ae a Ne G2. InFig. 121 the spend net Wha sate daleion Sy = i wisi eon i od eine Po Eutn hotter gn w= lo ateon at orpm: Do atc ce ‘vor bt up sag evel fare P30 8 What ample dy ‘i tue vatone il be eucd? Sepcte amf e am. >| ee 164, A st team baving osattonal moment of ies = a is sppund ae onvmin tet od cao at tere ght = 6 {Compute spit sense fred tens of the gt 1 the ‘spout att pecorms sal erences dno the epeson ya = IBS, Sheds as nana w= ose Tesapyon dow fo ae, ‘herans oftbam iso bee s— SF 165 Ase W = 12 hpi snppona a he milo inte Yan ee fig) conan of 06 it sel umes ed Pa = Henin) ped ‘Bictonat, Nipeting the aro te ten, compute piu of dy ‘ive ret sbeaton 89s pusang ott = eb ate oe Cotte han shown, Ane tw psa et i, = 7900 “OOS56 SYSTEMS WTI ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM = fa © | s Pros 1.68. An see moo of wight W ~ 1600 pase a ey trent i nn pra dard aon ith = 29 in dla an of We moto ‘st pa soa tf ele te cent odes ad of {ey witb te ape easy fed ane Ree er, Fee be azanerun eel 1 a Pr. Lo as asthe Se hal eve ead nt ied npn Insc na wie he spe stay ooo eo "he hrsaml eomprnct one Poser? 15a, Aas hth tn Pre sop at espe tthe tan aad Beceee ealiy nacre th) Deas {Seta spline of ocd baton of he mt fe fo pnd Piola ase = aoa” 1.7 Pored Vibrations: Trams State Jn the presiog ate ony the term in 6 (1.23), repeating fond vibrations, cs Crsidere To gona the ppwsion daar Tece to procs some ie roma he spam, ep y he Hat fo fra fe (123, Thus the acti! aL © Eeperpocion of tee anasle motors vag dient ampltodes ox diferaeequcnce, ‘esl ita very cumplestd motion, Hones, seas of drning mo ‘oni inthe eration fe {02 he fe tron dapper ae Show tine; wear tcl hte steady cte foe nto, Su ot iis ye ce of edge A ‘eeu ested rapa bythe dapacment een TES‘On we dated cave, opening ace ite itt angele frequney are superposed ie ieaons os ight np eqeney ‘ant wih deren amped o damping Thur semplae tes {gen by he sol ear wich ray species te dashed cue a 1 FORCED VIBRATIONS: TRANSIENT STATE 59, stent onion, The ery pr of hs mtn he st fe eee ihe ican ne pret ey lar ee ote ei tenes of esta sees oy this matin io det “The ampli oe free eton sin Be aun om es 123) by lag ‘nt eostraton the fal conden, As it Ars oe lat t= y and atime rb Suteting these conditions its eg. (1.25) and fiat deca wih expe oars, we OMA sole a o Stun f thee values int 9. (1.29) produees can and Gn EH sxc Sanne i (uar—tony) cam ena cosons ae take to be #5 = 2, = Ot egution spies sash fient-Eias} om seo (28pm ipon a afin? ot nd Seren Cautrate pie fu be enone {Gdn peg re pps wit ed er Oe cn pope sp fet sen ee tas olea ce megs cone oo enone clon, meter tapcna el aden eeu TT tcngles yen Pes oie Pn beara cote tnt ney 3 niche a odo ro a Fp tas(a S¢STEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM ‘ne flowing sonst 0 itso: an ad Gat went a8 o Sutin ose ale ito 8 lon es = scos ot + sino 2 oor ot cos, + Samer SA 5 0) ie inital onions ate taken to 36% — 4, = 0, th estondoames (1205 In thiscase the ree vteation pr of he pone th ae ampli as the sedpeste pry rgd ofthe tool. ‘OF spec inet is he case when toe regency ofthe fring fenton is ut or try lost the requeny of fis warauoy ofthe sean es ‘Sten tap. exploring hr, lt iatodie the ptton ae ® tere sal qui. Te me (12) (pn {erg incon nu) he fning cle ont ie_[ese os sng ES cain 4 S2tin onto] ‘st pene nin tes [tr + oso 5 = 9-9 so 2B =] ‘Using expression (2) ine.) 93 cinpiying, we aban to-do o- Mee] ing eu in et pee Somnawm ca 4 Ths stion a cout by CC. Weg, Mae, Mca! xpi Do Intee Tenn Cu Clive ot smatce BA, {erin C31) ys be tine bppanon of Lp ey 905 17 FORCED VIMRATIONS: TRANSIENT STATE Ng 128 In phesangl form tis expreson becomes Acca) o wer o A-NGFET at « * “The, nt inking case when «= p the anit of ston nsteses Inet with ie, shown io Fig 26 Te sali ere i tbat Fgura emilee plac eq (31), reas the dashes sia lt ot these erm any Ieee be see th ater abot ine es te epee ‘Sits got approninston tthe taal spose a8 ows Lem —Heore sty eae “The canes Fig 1.26 how tat he stem theoreti sis an ite {inp of fad iran at resnnnos in ne asene of danpng st thi ape request me to bu up. Ths i he ese of ‘Sine dolgned to parte dove rionnce no great ely wl be eget ‘ond mputigthoogh bereonancecadion proved ht bis rosso62 S¥sTEMS Wits ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Fig 27 Ismade hit xpi. Hower, exporinont show tat i vbsting ym Ssallonedo rath a tay atte ut Blow resonant cam esc i ‘lt to scart the mashiethipugh the emma ovditon. Aah ‘over Sopp for ths pupae meres the nplde a ibtion sted Pte unsing send of he machine Woon the feqoeny of te Fring ncn i lv to Ge aot exctly qual) tat oe uibaiag systems a phenomenon kno at bat my be observed. Equation J) represent ths station, ant we tuyobtla & oe ppeosinaion othe reponse hy coedetig a spied form of the Arte a ooo So jun Becruse he gant cin (152) ama e faation in ii hn: nae peid, agus to lei age There, x. (1.2) my be te ‘opnzderepreteing ibn is period 2ojpand State pie ‘ut (ap sine Ths Kind of vieation bt pnd antes 8 ‘epi plier of teas as isiaied in Fig. 227. The period of beng al tore, nests as approaches p (ors «= 0) At rspones oe the pro of beating become ind, andthe dp conn, 28 Stowoin Fig 128 ang The ype end of tig Fig. 13 hes ifm dowd soa, wth at on te 0, bre ing fic ion wa Baines o erin te cmv epan te beget et ed ere o 14 FREE VIBRATIONS WITH VISCOUS DAMPING Sobtining te alsin expen (0), weve eo Gro ak Gad 7 oon e Setting te vets ack int (1.23 a ting in hia a eso meregoe wip fi) PROBLEM SEP 17 ita, Forth sem boomin Fg 123 te mei = 101 ane rig conan #210 in atm a cubing force Pn wt whee Pa 2b and Sees il emit sy =, ben 0. Fol a Yay (ndedase of th wp Wa te = se (i a) = 04 ing a= 12D. {72 Wea dipemest and wksty wil he wpb af the prctng rrotantestne = ihn g lorem tent Pane fas a= ~ 8025 nia = EEL ne [ina Detiveanesesion sire (1.31) bt ae tthe ern neon peonevimnd of Pave Led Made diner Hot of the reponm ee from Poh 178 sisi tat 12 1.8. ioe Vibrations wis Viscous Damp 1 previous discuss of free ad foeed vbvalons wedi not come the {ies of cisaine fer such ab those cust von ov sexta. ‘Kes eomequnnce, we louse the the empltaceof fs vibeaons resins ‘Sanam with ne; ba eapercne shows tat the spit aes With ime and tht te vibration ae gradually damped out nth ast of ced ‘sation the hecy iste tat te apie can grow witout nat TeronoceHomcvr-vs now tht bessare af Sampig thts alas some tc amp tense reponse, een at tonace4 sysTEMs wiTi ONE DEGREE OF FREEON “o bing an ean dicasion of vations into eter green th tal coins damp ones mon be ace oso Thee dnpiagforssmy are fom src tent suren ch a aon eter cy alg surfs, ison betwen labret errno hd verte, evi dapig, eter ton eo pre ath ata Among he onli i, rc te the damping force proportional ove. fed von ngage Set wi hey Pi aon ering rt erplinted rau are very ‘fs fea, for pcpons ef aa by spa soca ia Sp ened ht anette the Fae spaton of eery pe leo al Je. iced by ie teresting frees For exam Siping de inl Teco ante etd by th apeaeh ‘We tall ow consider the ene of apigymise stem tat sades cos camping nde by te dsp nig 28 ne ated at 2 yeous fl he abot esa mat in poor to the lot Tt ths one the divest enon of maton AW bn ot ey The eof ¢ in <9. (2) repens the coef of secs damping, or dompag eons, ich Seton st fre et wat wl. TRS ‘ave ig on the damping force dnates ee fasta anya sets he Section oppo theyelosy. Diudnges aby W]eeas vag notans oi Pat nd et ” |N tin forfve evans wth nce ping the flowing eceton St bee tpn aay in docesting dhs equton, we apply the vl mthod of sing Hote ditceta eunton icons ies andes hese ane © im wih te bre of star Lopate, as «constant ‘hich must determines rom ne conion tat expresso 0) seo, (139), Sbutaing (0 too (1.35) we otal Peat no fom whieh VEO @ Pe La ‘Let conde St theca non the quan pending on Crp, ‘sealer than the ua nck ese te aay fafa spss, ad neon or to ops 0 nanny wd ene Subetting ee root ina expesion (), ve obtain to slows of (130) The vam oie oifeceoeof-tee two oon melee Wy a one! wil sin be ston, I the unre, Ea ae See Me ae eon a BEA Ow Coen Adding thee sations, we btn the general sluton of, (133) nthe Fog form seen t Coinnw) coy In which Cy and C, are constants that must be determined om the ta endion The favor >" in slton (038) detenses with tne, and the ‘ovations rignaly generated wl be gaduai dap ox “The een Le pants oe, (3) io ke sue om that we tadelorfortestos withot daring (eo 2} Teper pesodeoa gta ato wt he aga egtengy pe, where nae ° ‘scaled he anlar foe of damped ean The oreipondig pid ete 2e 2 o ere Compan i cxpesion Wh ep» — ep bid ee ar ‘ration hou damping meee tht the prod 9 ped rn, Nes. However, i wll i eomparson wih pth Ise i sll ‘ean Lt tented. Even the damping ratio nip sph a902, the tregoony sats ip x ove ta. ato be san Fig 13, whe teerpendoe (ch iste egunton of des pote inh Fat uae. eer he cont ly 3 ew une a a ‘he ia nsant (= 0) the ating be ie glee fem pation ‘ot eculibviin by the aur: nd aso fla oa Sy Saban temo a at eva wah eto is ne aod = oe © Sutuiaion ofexresion (Diatoeg (29 yes oem ascorge + SE #2 Gn pg) 435) 14 PREE VIBRATIONS WITH VISCOUS DAMPING 6 ‘The nt term nhs xpeson, proportional toca pf, depends ony one {nial upuemest mand ess erm, proportional snp depen ‘on bth teil epiceren yan the ital voit 2 yan (155) can be we athe equals rm 2m de "cole — 3) 39 fn which te maximae rae s oat . 4 Vaea~ ‘Wesmay epard og (1-16) ar represeaing peudaharmonic mation asog a ‘xponenydeteaung amie der» pase sie ny tnd pened sew 2rpy A graph of the motion ashown Fig 13. Ths dpe Ine ues tangent othe enelpes Ae a the points mmr Shiva om at ates af ine separated bythe interval Bevan ‘Gngonis thse pots age not ez the posts of tngeny dot oun th be pois etme sp seen or te ee po {Son If he damping vai ie smal te diflerene in thes pots nay fe elo la any ese, MOWEer, he Lie terval betwen tn comets(4 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF EREEDOM p. bach ois ore ean are epi Subetating ha asepeet [oj me obtain two Sletons of 9 (33) andthe geal aation Beare eager aet ae 2n ha ete he solton i ot pide dee not epee a vibratory sot, The sur ean fo hg tat when tO ped on ks equiv poiion, doesnot vitrate but ony cep gtaly back ott podon In suc vcs, te ster eid 4 be oop, od te motion cael apres “The const og (1.9) maybe ese by biting =~ and 424, lttine 0) tote equaton a5 te et Serhate. Tes ‘elon Gta neem ‘rom whe ae bo “Tho, og (3) boomer ay “The general spearance of a righ fe, (138) depends wpm =, 082 etwen he uacedomped rd overanied aes este spel ease of se prs tbe eel of damping where he main et oss ie) ‘hari. Ung notations (5), me Ra oe th oe fw sf o ae J which temo rapresets ta doping, Fore xy amped as nm Be shams that y= y=, aml pu =O. Nether (39) aor ey (035) cates te chon, whieh i ths porae cst ‘of pete 00 take he eet se Geta Get aay ‘Substituting the inital conan into (1.4) ans Git erate, we find eg Em 29% ay Gan Gok te Co) ‘Theo the geal soil bears A Peete te basal any Fig sbows a sees of dpscomentine caves repesenes by (Lal) fora vo of aad emer vate of Forth pe ne Cvs {ieicated as an 21m the Gg) he atl vel 3 pote or core 5 iso, sod for eats dan 3 epi, Inthe foregoing dsctson, we alas considered a. posve quincy, te, damping peentel ring fac, Tim ev ton, egy 1 ‘leit; the amplitude of vivion gradually iminiths; seme ton Gis ou Theo ara ues, however nick ener i eoaphn th syne Sacing matin, ad a resto ths the ampitede f satin rows With tie vac teton, the ootion of gts danping ese|M\_ SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM From the slaton (1.9), ne we hatin neve te fator * gros ‘th tne ang the vibrations gradually ol op. THe of poativen ‘hic irons te dying ai oesets tae maton, we he ease of epathe wept aa mle mtn Ieuan he Iran daemon, a8 rae npg sata wach camp ‘ato to ropa na eprint cave a8 “Sitio From oy (Die paris ene mG) -amse epi yw py wre = AB Tan 0H Sieg pat Ea, he ete fe pit enn ne soringsispened ms, released mith Lal cae yd ‘ot tl vlc seen sal ice PROBLEM SET 1874 eet, ~ ta 6. (13, Seton Ssbing el conains «= eatin, © ig en th pt tine etn eg et ey e 208 ye nen » en erin yo iy ae tad Soni ried ea nea choca adit as imps wv coe popes o romeprenin (pou (sconce the peat ie cre he Ihe atoalage houn op tave> a Pig 1. Fo ay per se ih (foe mpg cocicent te eat Stale he ave cm be else renter hr edie by expos. PROBLEM SET 18 1A tas of wlgh Po 20 ke spp by sng ty cent 1210 ij ant he comeced on apo cape ip 138 hat {sed eto rote «steno 1 Brew lc ch Tn wit ‘iow he smpise 0 eo ert! fer Ween? as Os 1a A ne 2 ng 4p Wh = Nin a sete cimpng uh that = pI rene rt a fatal ny st sie ae yi tin e809 test poaion? A ea = —Slbin es1821. A ringatpended man which cy dap a pig coma se Vain etn = Sa Ie wep geno nal Space "ney a a aly 4 Wis init what ine er (lee nil react elton potion s 97 ch so, Set thei mca hpi pan, bt manag ln 1% B30 (Aone = DOE sa12 ans Tad Spinto ees he saith ‘oping ae Vin c= 00D fn 1S “Aspnes yer ba aul rgunyf aon when ese tpi CAs apy fen cn es ds f= 19 Fotcod Vato with Vico Daag ote peeling are we zat fee bso ofa ping suspended mam wih vinous damping. We shall nom conider the exe wire 1 ‘hilon tow spig lace ke ad a ceag foe, tae abo 8 eotncelly vying during fore tog exterlly on the virsting Inns. As ne Rive aeady ee ig Ary ouch a datariag orce ca rele from atuntlised motor annie nih crs angler wary. Th, ‘he roning eens frce 0, atng vow fn ig. 12, ata et Component (co ot Unde sock nnaios th cgastcn af motion or he Suspended astm of the mols tesomes tm ake ct + Oeorat Diving through by mand inoducig the actions 6 Ee met pen geosat ay ich the erential uation of moon fs fre roost oar Tanpng. A pacar ssi fe, (42) cua be taken a efor = Moos r+ Niner sy ‘wher Yao ate constant To deterne se consis, we subatite 18. FORCED VIBRATIONS WITH VISCOUS DAMPING 72 Pe 13 e eat cluion (48) mo eg (2.42) a Sain (HOHE Da + PA —Qheaser + (—oAN— Maal + PA)sn ot =O ‘This cqustin cam bested forall values of onl ite expen inthe parents vanish, Ths, for cating M sod 4 ne ive lee eerste equine WM + on + =e aN = Dod + pv =o Maw aD Oe ane Nee Poors ae “Subsiting these consans inte, (4), we btn he pasta ston of 9 (14, “The otal lation ofeq (142) bsnl hy ing te parila soliton (043 ete gma ston obtined reg (E35 nA Ths cone tng only subeteal damping we have thom wie © BRON Com pat + sing) + Msosat + Hsinot (46)“heat ermine, (1.48 epson ded fe Wain, whee the Tat inate repress ned fvced tran. The fe veto hae the pesod vu — ip, sian he precoding aloe a the free ‘ilo vet pod P= af, winced wn te pedo sting force ha prodons hem. We ee ht doef he fete ©™ the tte sitions radu sbi, easg ony te sen forced ations ‘Syst by the le te tems These fred vibaans ae aie’ |rlesn cy by te ston oft einai fac a, tea, te of area ctl importing. We have already deased sch Tred erations ‘owt domingo Ar 6 bt we sal ow es how ty are aleed by amg ease 4a bn erin es a= Acad) as ae aie ea Me FO ante Vl aye ane a aur (f) ata ( 2) =e) @ ‘ha, ye ac ha tesa feed baton ith vee damping ‘luplekacmarimodontvig constant apie A [seven by expression (a pas ange fu ge by sxe 2nd pend = Don Mike ala fa’ om pon @) nd te yl or he doping nati, pete © em it (io 4 Breaker ate in ich mein factor 1 ast fe Oi emi hin, he expreion oe he pase angle (6. becomes na ( 2) cu 19 FORCED VIBRATIONS WITHE VISCOUS DAMPING 15 need COA FS From eq (46) we sr that the amp of the sendy-ate fred whation 8 obaited by mulipying the stood diplscement @ aa? ® 2 the mazifetion tor fi. This ito degen ot only pon he ex heey op tao Upon he ping tate. gure 125 shows the mignon Rr fle apis he oto ofp or warns eves of damping. From thse eves ne ee hat when he imped ngs reueney al eampaed ie nal segue Freaneney pte abe a the mpibotin for 9s oot pest iret from unig. Ths, ding atone dace «the aopende ‘ate spponinaty tow ih wuld be rodood by ae aon of the ding fre @ eso, “hes are compared with pe, when the impr oquany it mach grater that the nota regen, he Yale a the agaiston ‘tr fends ova sro rogue ofthe amour of anny Ths ears hata Rightaencyeierig forex prosace praca freed ir. Aone of stn at hi lo atu Cen. In bh exee ts( & pandw > p) we note hat damping has only a scondry eet on the Pagitde of he marist fatr Ths, there ro eto Foss ‘Slvations ls sft eget the ft of msg eaialy and toe ‘he eutions previously developed in Are ‘ate wae of pose hat py ay fp appronces uly tbe imagieation tor grow pil, ad value ao te soonest ‘ene wo chips he smut af dmpiog Ie wi lo be ote a the ‘tauinin vale tf cours for value of opi ee uy Setting ‘he dete 9 three tap ego t eo, we ind ate ne swam osu whe ® Foc soll dumping ais be maxima aie ose ey nett eso ance, od ith peraisneto take the ue Patent ne ae a “hen trom: 3, (46) and expesion (6) ne (J), te aon amps ‘somes aptormately gtio1 ig 39" Prada” oo We fom this dcusion ht whe damping hs ony a mio ee oe the respose af he ste inthe eine er wel Slow or wel shove Teron, sf set inprtane rae the toate onion cd one Ue darepde ite ae teste meaning rea tat no cos he pe ei tee. he dense vives and th dating ce a peic he Tepes iy the pose ae ne, (LA5 the va of wh en by expen (1 Sie eager ot ‘ain sorig conto ~ hme any tat apo ase rg Taneton by te angle @. Tae, when the ore Om ig Led nde thomas the peed mason wid es ott fn lone osion: ttn there str, ty woh ne tie fre as “trance topotionwhereit aie sng with ihe serie. Exton {GA8 hows tha ala ke tao ged oon tt ae ingaioand the eqieacy rt The euenia ig 1 Sestow te van ine phase ng oh rao por eal ao aaping ort eof so damping, the ocd watons arses npn (6% 0) the droge ora vis of wip < Trad tty we tal bal ye ou of pase (0 =o) fa lates ofp > te ali fe his coe, te ple angle en te initemate M eorace (op). sande, © | | arr LE e. [| , crs jaa er am cae Whe dtpng x pa, sate x sot change 9 astro spines lo fle he anouce oda we 8 3 ‘sonace,T i trounce ho fred woe he datrag fee by one quant ele In Fig 13, orca, ete Qn red dwavard ete ng ob pate reap dame pc a {yt tne th mates move osiowen pte, eee Bharata ‘Sowgh ean so acs oral she Torslsof peter welt or wel shore rsmnate, wet ha sal dang ton only nscod el en te pla sogle at Set low roratce tage 9 ely ae, we we oboe ‘onans ite prsicaly Fs, he of lamplog ep the pate Sgn a Ge ced olor ose exons Example 1. Lt the tal eg fhe motrin Fi. 32 10 Ts a hes af he este ight Be m= sein ote ee {aha ofr) =n Tow pedo the me 0 poy se nd econ te sags = Wk in a te dping coma ee 10 baci: Dee ‘te te apie of ej oral tne ted td ts st8 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Ten oe page na, = 00 gy Se = aso don ‘De ~ HRI, Fromeg age 1 - o3esc4noe) Ga AF FS” TRE a ETT HTT Atroonise =p = VIED; ane tom eq (D weave hau ob ssn Jamel 2. Fora Gunped en cee te cof tone ound die hsm Gee ip 5) by y= Sebot o Dee es fr te syste ene of th ten fo i ting Sin, The penton of main or hie ees Wem oh 8) Ke) © fp dations o Sebo eipeion (an (nao. a raging we ota me pb he = dean at = casa) o Exposing height pation pe amg frm ge: mee hem Bieler =) « Leetatee Fig tas | | FORCED VIBRATIONS WITH VISCOUS BAMPING 79 oe BET wo se ® 1 hic te we tat he ol ton cot ~ apps in pase (Geos andthe snaton ay Neca fame a Wrigley @ nl ‘hero an by incite pate angi? nn sea Te on B pcater 6-0) ® anole 2, The tase pore af ten it aber daopig ay seed in Drea ‘enon! pao ssh ssn ue oe yon Sn Sibstating v= ant (tte f=) ts) ad sas irate, eevee cantare of ton Sule, M) = Ne % y Mont Ge Sutin of se expen noe (1.44 pat sarees tA) safest ee(enne +2 opal) + M(toor ent anes) eo me fe aa onions ae aes 19 b=, = 2, =, eel pty ta teoang sponse eat ea cenllenye MEE end) psa eset in peng form, we have ° s C= OT Ota Rae o yan aPROBLEM SEF 19) 9a. A simpy capped ban cai an eee tar of wg 2000 a tan, gen from. Lo of ke ee The face of oe team in sch atte tate ction at epan ig SOD Hee vee npn ch har afer 10 jl of te nan he ane sche ‘al tl yale The motrin 0 rpm dae ouch ‘Str sp a iia foe @ = 30 oa saps Regen th dea ‘Sedna ofthat the spite ay see ce abcd ee A= OP ia ceo 50 at a asf 1 i Wht lb ae emp ef testy se faced visa te uate dang fore pn 15 of 199, fering io Fig 13, we tin oh oe of te eb be pted cue fora vaso i pao, ee 0 baa TB 14, For camped astm sue oe fsng asion Qin ot, dhe "te eestor te saya perc npase age ee Sremarm, omar) 195 Toe 9 dowel oot sijelo he spp: maton # = dt ese the xr fo they st pes alae se on peter6-0; pom) 19 Amame a tatmoric pound aseraon of te pe dy ~ aca se tthe camped sendy ropon he sam apse Gi) PE caster 9 110 EQUIVALENT VISCOUS DAMEING 19.7, De the seals eons Gn phoarge frm) of camped splenic tote ground mac a a 195, oe sien wn sete apie, emcee wan! epee ex iad cen uo Gh son na oan =n) 1110 gate Veo Damping ‘As mentoeed 2 the being of Ar. 1, vant spe of dating my te rpcs by sul cos doping ecg i sear iret fquton for humane motion. The mos lpr fees of cing fxr ro a oonance inte groiem af Fred vations. Tete, Ices consid he mark done by he drbing force pret Crag the ‘eaiytate reponse dice fhe pcos ae: aha ate wrk Ge Sty Sete Boar eos va [focorunee ‘The veloc # maybe obtained by dieeiting eg (45) wih respect to tine, f= Ao saion 0) » Subsiotig this expression ints eg (2) and wing = wigonrmesic identi, gs ~ ef cos onsin wt con 8 — cow sia) dt Imcegrtion est in Uq=roAslat © ‘Sinn be Work pate peel y the damping ose oi v= [Tossa @ 1 Staten By Pel Vin icy ging” Pa A, Syinp aber,(2 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEOREE OF FREEDOM Sebston of. ae (ges vine oater 0.0 pe nag bene Tete ° ‘This thing energy Ug oases tinal with he spline , whl the sige emrgy Umass the sate he amps They il be "| where the eo) fans tet (ee Fp 136), and we con nd ee seedy ampliace by equaling cxpenions (and (0), Hens, o Atresonance (wm phe pas ange (ie 14 2a the vale oF ss wanna ea) sus baa ® piece pace eee ieee ate Ogee oes pent oe a ca at earns a Seeetepacad nates Papeete mer limpet sorsnoecn eee Seis ae areneamac a cere Seas 110 EQUIVALENT VISCOUS DAMEING 8 loop formed by retrain eres fr incemig (0 Toning) ad de fesrg (or "unloading" Ieee of sss sad saa. Figure 137 sows 3 ‘Sonplete reveal of sete al, corespopding toons eel eran ‘Thecerpingmechanien diate tong eppeonsnately in properon othe {qureofthe rainsmpinase and thenape ofthe pred ogpis realy Ilepaden of pitas apd era te ‘Shee spite of bran poporors to tin ampli, the work gales per oe by sacral amping may be writen per w Jn which sis scar repeseaing the proportionality, Equting xpesions {yan produces egualnt veo damping common oy ‘Thess hash tof and cus eps by rk 818 699 ‘mre he dinero quay 0 14.1 Kel "inn Dang, Idi the Ge Sos Dang” Daeis cla the ssa angi ator. This quatiy my seed othe palo vcs damping ret, Yay by ving ey (Lyte Eefion SoMa eat tela weroticat = pnifoney tant Ey ws te hh en ud ito LA, gan {actor fo steady-state sesponse becomes a zt aoe a ie 7 fa Han fom eo. (849) fea ® Acs cond cumple tering eget viscous mpl, cone Fig he a boay eco sng sles on a ue at fs ‘Heal sesame wo the maton. oe se of ty hon te sot outta aly appt, snd ase at foo ree Fis Droptonl othe wrt fn aig tae eS oat Fea o whe pi core of ition. Expernents show at he coticent of {eon dug mo ay asa (tea he ale ‘lu foro eles, Parker, cs ven lig ction sea ‘Fading con my ao be anded wit oy ee ‘The frtion foe Pin Fl 1 sys aes diction opps eo that ft wiosty athe boy. te cos pt Gage Howe: 1.4.x, rt rt na 140 SOUIVALENT VISCOUS DAMPING 85 Srcionalrenance wil be sume tobe ont gud f the vel "This ype of caning mechanism rere to a Coors darn. Sad sigoromt ston forthe response of the ster 19 «Harte Feig ‘tnsioef mare compen than ta forthe eas of visor damping, TS lei te eqehslent visas deplng constant o be ure in place he {ecuont reste, ne clue the Work Up dias er cle by the ftion fre Urner © ue exalt ml att as thine he maga of in depends not om upon Fand also ‘pon he anpltadet ofthe iron, By diving (0.50) by te ction cee Spm awl he notation k= pm, we mi be eqalen cous Cepia os As tee hes this formula oq ws the amplitude of he enya oced ‘ibrtion wih eqlea aces damping beomes mm ea gies : aS Gia . Song oe we bee ona i ‘The eae toro the ight ie of og, (153) epee teen tuplasoment. and the voeond ie te agelcauoe Tete. We ee tat Fetor he are ue ony rt A gat © In practi! splitions, whee ne ae sly ding wih nal etal firey, scan sued. However, ls ab observed at inal eases ‘ine conden (0) ase, the magniatonfster bears ase a Ietonace (pete = The fst can be expla if we compare the ‘Sipe energy Up aunt the wore Ug doe Byte freag URcae at Ps Dea tng, Fr Visio th Cool Cob Yan Dal" ‘Hon Sl Sn Rese6 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM resonance, Saving or Fe condion (9) a sates tee. = Up enoa o But, o hows th he valu of Ug at eonane fe #0. Thee, we ‘Soactade that Ope Uy ® “Thos, he energy sis preset hte inp ners. Tie ei ‘aatl in Pg 3 were sb dak ne opening (mB a0 ‘in se lope tha he slide eersenting 9 (provid a Contos () sted Tora hed explo th cop of opin ious damping. we wr tothe cue ofan velaing Sd imei ina ald of ow voy ach ‘Se Its an ofthe boy smalls son sage be daning Tense of he id etc ate piesa. Fie 1 depts a ht flow sjete objet! fred witeaons ior which ose te o> tng forced 0th fu stay be approximated byt =! A = hte ° 1:5 Ye: Boum Pal Meer hs le, Yr 6 Te dng LSE cn tac a Raise, whe con ot {Seip tee mn fb eso tage Cy Lio EQUIVALENT VISCOUS DAMING 47. “The yl pin (sevens he asa density of he Bu, Cy i he eee ltt tnd Ay Senate the ze of te by projected on 8 lane Saeretaie tte decion of on fee ig. (39) 1a tht oe be aera preprint qo of the elt ard i aay 0 TePEsim lua The wnt Uy dsipated pec ey bythe fore erty upnal bec ” sng a i nd RANE rat erase toe gen ven hestt ® seg apn alien as “Tn, the euaet sos eangng nae dey proprio eee idee U2) ee = Seman c= be epic ome naping ato tao as ar) andthe nplitdeof sadyt ced ration somes Ae ot « Fire F + Geary sing yc rennin tems procs te nig rte pono (Settee elt nich use ais by the gure ormul to obtin 4 Then he me feof vibra sealed as = Va ‘Te sama. on equals cous damping costnt can alwags be sattlned tay sgaptne estan Bogen he work Fy o- theta vicosdmper ohatoft actual mechan The workexpesion IPSksev upon he vey of he sym (og ()] for seadxate eons 0 Je-oteo ae© SvSTEMS WiTH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM ‘harmon fring fone, andthe equal visu damping ont x vomit atthe symbol dente teeing ree seid dunia lt ter may then be perorieds ing ‘he selon he soos Fctermoe, mor thn ote peo Satpag sy bland silane, For example, wha combination of Cute dmpig and sus dso, seed fomeg 50) se eanthte © Prose with his va of 8 btore, ne otal he flowing eguaon Fordeniigg he ampliate 4 of cl bs: -B-bieSee G-f-0 hich mest be soled by he guration LAL Genel Pate Dicer Forse Jha pevios seasons of frat vibrations we smamed simple harmonic Fein fnctons propo. eral tain ote at In rsh pone to encounter pers orsng ection tha ave morecoutd The egos sf onedeeticedon ystems to such funetont wl be dase this Comie, esple, the oneetingar ania shown in Fig. 40, When ‘octane ecprocig prt th cht hls, enero pide dhtrbing fre that coe tion of te Whole sae iy Studying neh ed vibeatons we wil edt kom teense itso the lis ce; and of panics mportane a eid in lation the Intl pend of he sm a the anny of te tring orc, dhe ase ofthe contig rod an be replied wih safe sur) by two mane, oat the rangi and {esteond tthe pst, Aether ntalnsed pasta motion cael oe lied othe same two plats, that fly ony tno ses et eed be teen itt comsidaon es Fp LaDy I stake corned ees be pose, te vec eomporent ofthe inet ace othe as Fim -aacrcosor © inch ss theangute vey of beast is teradio ofthe rank, sa ste angle of he sank ee etal o LIL GENERAL PERIODIC DISTURBING FORCE #8 Fis The ation of te ng mss My Is ere completa Let = soothe ilacement of My em ie tapeatcenir poston, sa ‘she angie eros he consent ath srical se Foie oe try of efi, We have = AL ~ cous) +h — coo) 6 — Pinal fine © Fem (0, : sna Sanat99. SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OP FREEDOM ‘The leg ¢o the conning roi nly ser! nes age th dhe Fink ies oo tht with satiety oa be tse teat ee hich includes only he fst 1 tems of te hnomiat expaion of the hil eeprom Sebaaing he appeonimtion nt 6 [We tan aint — nto Eg ant ~ core) +n @ By eieretnng his eatin wit espct ine, we ad the enc of ‘Bereepoeaag mise to he = rosinan 4 “Bsintor seo deretnton yl its kris th etn fre for ras 38 Ax =e sos + Zeos20t) ° ‘Combining tis rest we (2), we obi he comple xpos for staring fre ae Ry mi Mdetroweos = Eatetreaster WY) 1 be aed tat his exgresion coms of two Lem, o98 Bang 2 sngular freqacoy eal othe sped ofthe sackine and ane Bing ‘cat rogue. Fon foam Bcd eae et eneieation We bate to eel spect ofthe engine’ the ett mien the fume of eluant matin er soon ea! to the Itequns} 7 I) fe eae the end whe he nerf ‘nso the machine ial equesy. Bysshe lag sues cis aay ple tne th at feguscyauceay ‘arm schrcal speeded to eminent ans th posi tlre batons tbe reseed tit expstin (for he nes fas ofthe ce siping mas wis oiened By ting ony the dk two tet of the ‘Seoml expansion of sa-A mote acre slon nll uo con Snrmonss a higher ede, ruling eed spate of over order tan ‘ote conser above Hower, hese we uly of pci impor ane, Bene theeoasponding fares ae oo sal preston rains ofthe em, 1 GENERAL PERIODIC DISTURBING FORCE In gener x pis ceeting ores of ny hind ean be represen inthe {arm aba igonomtri or Fw) srs. av: FO) a, $m cowr Sy cO0 Det Ho Bela wt ys 2a mas Stocosier + bso iat) 8) “Te prod ofthe Gubing Fore ik T= Aru, and he aut ay Sed fare contans to be trae Ta one to czlate aay om of the cotcents of eq (18), provided 1) known she lone greedae ay be ined. Aste that te oe ‘Mica 4, dices the th ssf the expan on be malting oy var dander rms = bo -= 7 can be sh tt 0 fesetareter amo [leecos rat [levriorontaesina — flaeaPtnarettr =e ‘whee fand dente per aubes1,2, 3... By xing te fms, ‘ne ota roaeg 58) cos ce) 1 te same masa, by malig eg (58) 8) an sa ond tps, sets a 1, eat eying 6 18) 9 ae neg om #980 =, sini de 4.338) eat [noe 9) ee sen tha by ssn formule (15) the cons (1:8) tn be ‘alte FO) ison aay If 0) ge apical, whale no Snail esresion ele, some approimnte mera eth for sulting he utara (8) mst be usd “Asin thatthe dstaring lore eprom ne orm of gon ‘nce mien, we he equation for dap! faces ations ot nite py c08 of 095200 + bysino $n 200-4. (60,‘The gc sltion ofthis equation wil omit of emo far ot for fee bation aad one fe fret wibrtons Te ie vertons il ade inns du oda ping. The for! beatin wil 8 chanel fa liner sation by sapermpesng the suds forced vices rodused by every term ofthe sees (LH). Thee iter vibrato son [ound in te sre mane 2s hat expisine nee 19, and can be oe loge Ut urge fred atone ray ost when the ped of ene oe terms series (13 clad wih te period othe tual eaten of ‘eye ef tepid T ef ns ote ea, oF» lle of the ped cfnm Fore steno a F148 hing me gt rates, My = 5001p SRO Commend re, ~ 39009 kana Be BE 35, 290 is wee ren, = pessree= Oe Iai a comeing res = 249 spngstinen FS 0b it ig: hee psec of eg om {Oecrnnaa epee bance. ani Stone begs ty cltng te aural ang egy of ete often oof |B ame ct 90, caer 2 O88 ay tt teres “epi nin nt ae uring a ppt oe origin onan vhs propane wie ong eo ‘eonnee Negecinghiier eqn conf he tr oer are ‘upto apr eh ts i preted Bye a) sed ainda if) bone. Wig tho taint frm Asset = =, tM ot ewig 0 00.29 f Art. Lee tate aed for wie {seeped spot eo da ro fete itso awe thane 3) oc miu pcre, wake om he (61 Fone = DULS 400244 = O16 unple2. A oneceecttam ston sued to a tui ace _E bat ts notin cearng hegre ‘hip tne tedster a il be psu the se tna tsi conan vests hat =p 0, 1 Meee cag bats nase ste rhe x (1 39 singe coarse, a, of oe {Conseng He (180, wees it f°" Fa spy te ae cee ste gen sath dg in Fp Lat Sete te ett P= ad Cty aes tanh = Corse nen een), ne ee ha Ech iat of he agar in ig 1a nan be np eon and ten tas as = Oso Sf ov om te yma of Pl) wi eet Yo = wo, tog wi the ‘iyo srt hp nn ne onde ae (iega Svaen nd = hay, cnigc.(96) me ue tht ac ceo FU) nF 1A smut be aps thn ot ad agar =) 07 = 2a nh ce Fijgomr =O tot= nama spat = sey we oes! = ta Pooja eens nat Sele Moma, wae an eon ee, “oven pr oso lor are aisymatie soot = eeand P= ie, ‘pene Ths, for) =2,4,6.-rmeconsuce ea =. “en sana ee, Soh Fi) ns st are tome toe he34 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Re tai crete = no nd 190) ges noi ft nmme-2 [rome @ Reg PE 1A wm at eae) = Offi ryt Sete is preninlaosw a nM hee [oot esting on abit eatin $-Bcme ® pay =f, oan expeion (oy ind tte trgansnee sai See iv 28 (ine Latser “afore, 1 erect ie atch aga in Fi LA Wy 6 gona {ats we edo to pingse sin rer ka mur fal ves iStteimenalt™ Otot™ tf Puthoen nett ser (cones "iyo uy te ftom pact ingots. That ht sewn ‘Shubin oe prota spoons eae et asa tn PROMLERE SEF 131 53 oye feat sate amps gen by roy=¥, ® see inten fe an ar, ee a fo lp = 09 he fo Topp" UP ‘hae anplinge of fed vito ote aon ly ORS) Sh gs fe prs secs yen OE ie ‘ogntoion aero eB a sine tte smn ning pon sno erro 2B uae © Liv, Using a om exanpe 1 above, consis the Siptceenine cates = Ante nya fed vias fe te a PT. gree eS 79 ered pp he fw Met er + Hosese. stots WTC ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM LS it st 0 mn psy en fo PO) ar Hewer 3) ingot nae Ome By Ona din Fiji ines ~Hoazer Hinder = 3 WZ sahil, Bed be Sting fa 0) pei gy oe se laut + Mesn2ot + amar +29 {12 ARBITRARY DISTURRING FORCE 97 AES ferent tate fc vivaicns of 2 Da Oe ain ap nese ton papery pe eet et Et EE rap GF 12 Atkeary Disuiing Fore tte preceding rile ye conidered dhe general cae f period ie Ge ES atch could teepreneate ine orm of For sie How eee ee a urbina cabing force ata patio CNIS, Salevia trent approach to he pote mun be kn, Code the devel esuation of soi fr damped gene a toi econg funn, mim notte o ining es, bythe masa mae eeranging terms we Bae amet as ic o Pp ta58 SYSTEMS WitH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM: hee 2_no Hy o which is tering fore pe wo ras te desing wt (61), ¥e “sou tht he eee is expesied a's fanson ofthe dommy tie sata {asad in FR, Then a any instant we my elu a lncemental inp i epeates by he bcd pT the agrae This npise Ines to each en of mis am hstaacuus fare Ie valet (or erementaleiog to denget © septs of what ote fre (ch the spn re) may be aig ited epres offs dipeement and acy sete cet Teng ‘scenes af ely sii wee a a wey the tit) 208 ngs: (1.35), An. hy sconce ta the rene dpm seem aan aes te nl @ Sos ac nr ipl 9 teen © = an = at such fein obin, a el af ecotasoc ston othe ating ce, the til plament Sfocsena ou as his mute fr eed Dahan Txpresion 42) pce te some dane profaced Wy he aang face acing arate el ln ils boty ‘aad tease et ane eps tol nsaying eros oh ‘try sam to any kind of Usage If ean =) Snot te opresed aba, te tl ne (he a aap ltl spponiatty by a slate ppl Ce uel etic of inert. ate stent ofthe sa of nia place sad we yrs ni way Ol te stn er hata soo (35) An OB ‘Thus, the total solution is. ee ew er[scornt FEET eae nis =] 0.8 112 ARBITRARY DISTURBING FORCE 9 IF dampingis eget we ave n= Oand y= pia which ese, (1.82) * 4 fie ay ar 4169, In i nstne, If we also conser teeta init dpsed Init veoaty at? = O05 (1.3) without damping eens se ncospt Msn +2 [sing — Oar 1.65) none tinns!fesn—oa 065 oe eee re wa a se ee Regmghtinne ai esac! a= fing — 190 © fon ° ‘inp yoo we Fo hs gu me ee ha» dental onan ose rode ee ‘iron oe smpiade Qype on vse Supa! oF ‘Sie mgntce Qt Gor Fig 1490) Ton he maxim deecion doe tos Suda spp Tors swe a ree hat produce y he sare force nis ene vce above, the consi forse Q, as for a indie tine it ac ony fora pro kine ry we hav he cigar npc Sowa Fig 4, Dur he ome wher ihe forces mona te erie ‘tte em sth same gen ye (1.58). Te miponie beeenjoo svsreMs win ONE proREE OF mReEnOM 7 ¢ “ee Fite tote my be obtained by evtating the Dab nes forthe two anges or ard 0 Oaly the tgeton over th fs range wl rds ‘sonnets, Hsu the foreng fasion reno the sca San loge, he solution for ei exe ur Fallows for 5054 em VL —corp) (1.66 sepea oss Sc —cos py (eb rere) frogs: eeQpux--emm aon ‘heme et my oid y come te euaguar apse Ink | Motocomis of esem of ho se fotos nde ip "Ts thei ep een macs Qep at ne Oa ‘ieee fen ff gute “05 bp tei “tod for sotrngy ew sero (0 bes vain the dpe ey thea nef gc (196, saat ncaim © » ene ewo quantiles ac rata lal ipaonent and inal weoiy| sete ner the eaung ee nation reponse way beacuse om cont = 9+ Bain te 5 acorn 4 aint 9 o Subweton of exprestons ({) sm (int ea (followed by singe fgonometric nampa, ols the Same ea than oy (1) “The apie of ce bration reponse sabeguat oe een Iimpuise my be determin’ tom die (2h © ‘slog expression (9 at (ein 5 (ar singlin Ja = So = ae we nd 4 inc sialon) x ‘ From sh ast form of eg (j) we we that te amgtuce of fie vibeatin ‘pends up tera hfe he natal period ee ste. 3 {sing the ration of he eval imple ae 9 we ean be Spade 4 20,/e, sad the response i sown Fee. In 8 ‘ae the fore 9a through th dplcement rom D204 aad doen ose ‘work onthe set. Alter reval 9 the fo he exe eso ie "een otiou dang) tetas ti enegy ad we hve Cee wean ‘Shlng fom the inal daplacement 20, at tine CConsdernganoter speci cv let repeat darn ofthe impulse tent = 7 Foam eq (f) we cb ampli d= Oy aed tbe pose te shown in ip LG, Ta tha ratine the nett ce yom pase {he wor tom Do 4 and a su amu of peste work om 4 Back {0 Therefor, tenes anki, ad the sie als Me We {Be force seared, "Now supp tha a sere f sp ancione wih alenating signs ot | stow lo Fig 3a prede the tqtene of reeanglor Paes ape Intig 1438 The tine dference etme soso sep anton epecnd to bev so athe inpule ations alway pone wth be veloc ‘ldo positve workin euch ele of iron, From the pine of{2 ARRITRARY DISTURBING FORCE io) superposition, we say coal tht the apis offre wbeton afer 7 ‘eugaleplesi ‘Thats in evry ep ibaton the amplitude increases by 20 a he . ‘eps ll op indie igre Se shows weave represen his chap oer the ft few euler of wiainn. We nay encase fort he apt dt. amon hat ay pedis unetion ip restance th esters @ Shaun age empltuser of fred wraton i dos pie et war a eheyl Farberore, he a ofthe Dubare! teal fr clstog the @ respon to geet pose Tecing function eepreseats wn alerathe ‘ethod tat Sct in At, whee te jum loads wee co 8 sedate Foure ses. Example litem the endumped rapone of onerefitedom } yr e Hey erg fr ka a amp fre gen a PA an The free be ce pert ot. “fon union nibs tm eee es of 9 ee | 2 ” | age (468 ic wae oo [ramps ae"04 SestEns Wert ONE DEORE oF FREEDOM hh when meg by pt i £(.-Laen) ® Scopes tea ten Spt hn nes The voy tne ya ‘he penis te Tat += Ba cms =!2(1-o0"2) ° ‘To. erly attics = 02, 30 te slopot dpc smetouela ti LAG wo at? = 0,02) as Fama eae ster psn das x rmunum aco Alea te ie ee ‘The epee of een ) a he ane mute frm a he ‘ivan sie ot oe th ep Fc Tos lous fe Saat eva cn © propria eed of tn ase We ‘ty cee Ct = pra vrata oh arog Tnton pots ‘Sly fncton a tte fon ste ehh se earn Ws kraon sien oe ame form sy een’ se eg 0) ample Leta rede xeon oud oe vos of Src gs sete or fect ren Lope an ered ln Arm ht 1 ana a de ang © asin > The force pee unit mass is ee fr tansina ® We Grae = Qn. : ‘tie of eon gm 65g ate [Snor'iap 4° “ ‘Wing samen ety forthe padi ha hing of) we 8 [ear pr 4 pe) ent' sp na? 285 [ote cep mate pe spa ih com bs ington he ttn and singing we o 112 ARBITRARY DISTURRING FORCE 15, ‘Uon sampation tsa wg (.29)n A 17, nt ey ae he ‘Sn Thier ino) a planes Oe stn deo ‘Sat etd Cage en ee eee ny snd {Puen ron ete and ht nt © ft etn ae {co fring. Nol ta ete pst lh eye le ae ‘cl rom te Butane ate hot pce tas onl soos, ample3. For tesjtemshon ini 1.425, die the dae eps vote ep fnton gon Fig 1 ‘Ssin ats eee ec ow a, = Om, ei ino hi ont sein th dsp 2 Poor angate ede o gon) mayb pte prt and pt nh oem (ora + Zope] oy “Thi rere the nam of = aa icone Qa a dapat fe ‘ate (as ee Lay oFampade sewer fre(E © shaving the te ope qari ” me ‘Whee dampogs putt 2ose, each meat (19 thee ‘scone af i de Pabanlybooma So amples, Deine ie esenion ore unbinpalcepnsecavein Fi 486 fortetime rage ft se “Sour Tae eng lnc pic and asthe wne pein te pen nai Lat eine ane et ste pod oie eed ee Te ySy Syren exe ayb win fee espn eas a a Sh dy epig8 ensnlase ep tase Mineo a= QE eons 0-0 OE att 01-0 Sh ma as eo rene ny eae Bi oer 0-8 e818 People #2 Sorc405 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Stbtutie of tgsnomes denise hc ein pre a Eforms sori eepondt esa =n Del nad sh = ray ep no BE omnes 2) "te mpi ett sb i ® Ts ine ange spied m5 1 > aes he od af {8 peo That ore epsaan @) Ee ° PROBLEM SEF 112 24, Deen te unianpes supose of anes ae te ‘ori fama np es ezts0 + Beun omen Bo ena ses + Bimn—ip-eapt Beye ip enti) twain ¢ PROMLEM Ser L267 12:2. Dewmine hesodanped msn of one de tote fing soni eB (omy t oe eten 22D 9 ELEM] ao 1 Ratna stage ten a age -eap oss oft ony fa eta Gare ee on ‘ 4 in, Demibe the wolonoeé cepts of © oneness to te ‘org eninge.10s SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM osten weren aso L125, Detemine the sndempse cso of 2 one sen tthe pgs = Bin ease S8lbAbeon-§ «Bifano oan) 86 Deemine tbe uate aot goon 0 0 — pote Bo -curn 2 2H] geese a) cop 224 ostsy so ne of coed yen fo the wets ws Pros Lin 12, Detenine te untanpatrepensctsonederenentoshetgne ‘ne orc fasion 2 = Qn athe fe maa esrsy uso oo 127 1126, Deeeize ti andanpedrepome toned te the tig a “Gil ~constan) nthe fee SQ ceap te sgim wen waren +Money tape Sanne) 30 1s primey na ac Paes albums 3 ee hoone- Ast nd]Poe it 13 AthiearySoprore Moden “nxn paca! probiems the respon af « ikratony ste ede to ‘azn aon itn of hey ed ti oe, Fre {ont suused by harmonic apport apace sd necestons wee Shean i Are U6 anu 19 for undamped tae fo scsi ‘isos damping. fo tis art we wil el wh eset whe te spetad ‘por: motos a iar functions tine, Conse the camped onedeeree syste In Fig. 1A, sod et tbe plas- maf ou ye ie atonal tno eT ech itm old 8) ile 5) ‘Resranging (me hase rib ett hem oy o Ie expen form can be lezen wih sept to me, We Dave ‘wo aati! foeing fens he iad ee of (Tie of Iurbing fre a mage apie? del Pig 1 ARBITRARY SUPPORT MOTION 1 ‘he est wh the second ia sia fore of magnstude cy Ding bath So of (8) by the mass, ne bia tm tea ata the 089) dam Pepe PRA IO) © eprsnt emule! fryer un mts de ote suppor dipacement Spat the guay gy has the dein to Bie ® As with apple frig anes, we atm that the dilacement and ‘he eocreponding Tors gq a eerie as foncons of the durmny Une serie ee Fe 0) om ths pot the anes proceeds in a manaer sna othe fr a appl frigfuneson Hower, nth case he ncemental pls as ‘ho pot and ie expeesio ornare velo a Une eco Ba Gataae o lhe Hse a whine repceted bythe natch sip ig. LATA Atay Iie tine Ue erent dipcement denon, Pe Dye to te cotnuous att of the support motes, the os diplasement ofthe mse somes ads nd — o seatae [ea teosnndl— ar 0) wtih a oneal te gs Seager Soria ey yg se i an pan see ne ad fesin te pata a['sieme— 9dr 7m ‘bees of which mathemati te vame a6. (6 Ar 11, ‘Nesta coed the ct of peste ground aston, fy Ar wat one in Art fo forest oration, we wil ete lowing change of ‘oordinater ®U2 SYSTEMS wits ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM le the ymbol* depoeetatinedpcneatf temas ih repet 6 ound. Subwitng* my, dnd fom eg) and Fesroging, we obtain net ett A hat = “The em om the igh sie ofthis egaston incu tom dieing fornia theo When aed “stae Wb Int ph mgt as eye ey o setts the acing Sto i he reve sorte die to end ‘Egon (1.71) ie mathemati este a 5 (2.61 in Ar 112 and vs ay conceit te rrp the nthe rele cori ows he fie pce a the previous ces Tah ste, ne Deh ‘lintel for datped epone lve round is [fats nae rar an damping elected, eg 1.72 eatases tthe simpler fore mt fopsin ne rae 1273 2 figsine—na on tin a rene tm ee at Sciam aa sample “Asume nthe pot io Fig. snl move te ‘nasties ap aston genie Fg Lis Deel Unlonge pms these ha nano spp decent Fe ta 13. ARBITRARY SUPPORT MOTION 113 Seton tn tc ease we have frm 6, (9 ge 7M = cont 498 (050) gor hanged ope ttre -aroe ich he ame. 6) tp at Qf epee nese Tas (Seether const ore tn 9 ape perapone 30 {te ote fhe sme mage. ante 2. Asanti oh ef (1.09). ws comity ‘anaon for upon dopa gain Fg 18 Ta dope asta Jn te pce shpat ote. Doc aoe th Seed vas ‘tbe optem in ig Late aad tat opp meson Solon Thesippr apaceestn wn fan dle conn) 9 mnt « he forcing ection te esas end o ‘he secnd pa: oth equals os psu mas, gen by hs peor o Setting tn expeions ogy aa gy ome and noe 43 98 enn tme [rersmmne-ne 0 ¥ ‘ening te eee tgs, ano St ot formvenfincants det apbran} 6 aensfi-efeeten)] 0 ra ont patent afarpen el een tee he ends pracy mining When apn Ft ea (oh tess tea oq) Are Lily ecg tH reps 8 Th ‘Sto the sine or be cna pst ee we ag A 2 ent ha ops Que m3 Sura amp cin EL ie scaring tard af ound dpc and tte sap oh te Soper onto ine avn nial sndone of poe dle! Sp sd |4 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Pita {ean rat at on ine = 0, deme he abe enn ‘opens odo oe em sti (dso ts poksd eon ‘Svinte hfe feson oes 9 of Sones =r © Suing exes tos, 2.7, tae een © ‘Retoalsition conn oft sue Resqpormeton ed esate tien ‘Th, tom gy gd te tia conn dt Ss atch ae sont [aar en vee femn] and he aaltepet i vente omtasele oe sete talfbefeenl] | | 4, set ih 2 py Sit meet aed Seo cay Lee ovr ensayo ven bes ty ae kt cng {3's deat op oder mers ho so eos Ue scone cab wi coat a ue ine eg tn Ho ‘Peouten eter arlahaly ed, Fine ican of heer ‘cing eine tral 0 3 of snug th eg aee tet pinging pug | “Sin Ths ape epee 4 ef con saponin of rand og 5) far nde ete rope ges Sf sep ee =§ _sine rvs eanple ey he he rete rags the ton the ‘pattie tenn the tcl poe eon o So-mn] ‘ous, na ete the ds as hate ae spi oe ‘Sasol and any tonany 1 oie pnd yale ee116 SYSTEMS wor ONG DEGREE OF FREEDOM PROBLEM SET 213 hd, Deeg sooret open acede ante =e, 82) esis on Ett corti] eso 1.82. Deming tn aged rapa of oecepee system o ayer stator behave @ srs Gen 1193, Deine undoap pons oe-age se oe spp pisment oie osteo LOL Detealoe Me antunped cents of a eres ate 12 tbe sxpport stron pe wa Buen 25 0(! 8) fens ai = = Been 19 ono 54 estan ans Wt Ot DRE OF repo 1135, Detwalae he uedarged teense ‘us etl con 2 AD pr ded ge oe rn pte : en sere prsopn + sed conten ean muanivoarsi) 39 osrsy) Prob Ls 136 Dati te etanped pone of sede see ctl sei aaeaton gabe Pa o-n esa Shins —eare—0 spony) na len onecgoeaytam thane jason en nib gs 1137, Demin operon ve fnconsg = dc tytn FCeonte anor «=e este ann eee + Zener -of so 11348, Deemine the sadamped cepase of a onedegree oem oo the tigononeths tony ca uae or app sesame fo mscopt= (ines Zanpi)s]: w mel @ sre = [reset =i Zaore]e) gen 1132, Rat hunts ten, anda oseset Engle “lind a antag fee nation ht bes il bave sere ha1 SYSTEMS WiTH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM LAE Ropome Spectr ‘The impuiveeckaaes cused in As 112 and 1.13 case vibeanal ‘espomesin dates, a th ou aes of hes exposes may ‘elev tan, equal or ste han he orespoating rate posses ove ta epee eho chats fe SSveom andthe autre of he loudag For an cndamped one Seger pene {Cert pea for Pega te charters he ‘pont & ge ong enon Into, te tap ad urn of thor fanctinn e payingorat rok epee Ps of a num res vals sgn secon parsers of he tte or tthe {og aston ae cle repote pera Sach Ggrans te finer atsgn eee they provide the poy ef pedeg te tale of he ‘atioun Saris ses a store to be Conepondng sate ‘Thetnea wih he maxi spon ofeayem ees aoa ee, sd of i ee asp he opus ea ccd hi Tus ems he eangle ington in Fig 1S, wc wat eiscused etna in AT tart we ered tat ang inp of vurnion, = [5a uRceat came taxi rape of {n= 20. This sina ale i tesa case by asada “ide ne dot tpn Ta si ‘Solano ype neces oft Wl aye asa ma spay ‘these equal (oes he stole sep, Utng the otis na ey ato er (Kz 2 mo che duration ofthe rectangular Ups ss thn 2, te mtinon espns lest 2. Eaarpe of thi type appeaia i S18, Inher spon eres for f= Gand = 20a pte. In sch fas che mina dplcenert ocr fer te npulve atom hi ter fitted cue the veloc oe poe ae (et ene od he mt mu alae of he peas me de a be ‘seis, we mun exe (67, or WG That egaton may be ‘rite incense a Econ 1) p00 ( Zocor a e 116 RESTONSE SPECTRA 121 » ila ht exprenion wth spect tie, we obtain iss p= sine = 2 © By sting te ern i race eqpl to eo, we tnd an exes for he ich he sina Spent occ inp = 8 a1) ° ‘Ths, fan Eat ran dets o gation (show et ely la ar si Fags oft for go ie py =, the emeaponlg ang oF i TE pao Sabon ofthe expeson lo py fom ey (7) a= Srplie (0 yells Stent a OD © Baten = ITO12 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM. Epson) he me 5) A 2, wh nies ret aporoath, Ts te resp spin arte capa apie Sy be sian a one oe for Osis Ba adn nile me nel gant (1.746) elosaly (rm fear me 76 Pg 132 LM RESPONSE SPECTRA 130" Diagrams of tee dances eprssions are shiva Ln Figs. 1.524 end 1:5 eran anf te ltd aust From 2 (1.7) wee hace dan of he pie ils an he dy epee est hana dato he sd pied ily On the ter had, fie dation ofthe impuise s eewen fant vale of yf between Tard ‘Of sare 21 teva cl 2g) abe eget 2 ‘Ati pont of interatt ecoac that pos of magieton atre J Tod bation ropeset response specs, ar dened ia the ates FFgwe EXP det 1.) cote tf of cris for f= a ltd ln the quency rao pT abo be recalled thatthe eaves com fe ony te sendy pr of he espons ad hat» erent are ‘Soir sac level of Sampeng Iw trae pss of the oes “Siraans mee to be itchidd, the sxponce eta iF. 1.39 Nod be np fghe, but haste of Iie senfsence Fartrcre, we png i of pst inportane inthe pele of oxedibatons, Ste cbited de a consdeation in eon spesra duc 19 impale ot Sint Law valve of camping have Life elt pon sch response ‘navn wich usualy oss Before mich energy Jsipled. Hose, tuly of Sine reiponespeara ean lows be conseeted for 2m) fore faniony wah arent ue foreach ce of damping. Ths) br ecomlced for singe ces by desing the appenprate anal sion bt fr compte see ¢ sumer apponch as be wi. ‘aple _Fipue .e sow oregon tt nce tt on suse Dyin hr andi comtet herr The rp of an saan ‘Sbdget gam te nb atone Prom 1182) (-3F) 9, Ey ests a Geno Dexsnin espns nd the caeponng i rato cae “Stine By mops ot ee.) a otha ena repre sways oar ar tee Ta lo (hence reo my ‘pre lnce Uennis fm Son Lye tingle 10 snp o Eat t aed sap ies ih ep ine eon apt =n)-con aSeng the ria achat eu tare la rion tie tne o 6 corti ws, panel o Ain be pein et, tly eed 0 ein, we cence ome 2 inthe uae rg = Sp baie expec oa ‘reo ate hanlt 12 vareeam i» a i : “The penis eprom adminis, wie pend upon the ‘he oats Suenaten rns nthe range 2 wee +e o aan ® pce 158 and Le conta pists ge) a (ph pete Wes sro th topnsn spc (Eg. 10) atte ite ae 0! ying 2 ‘Setter oh como onset te onto oe = ‘Weta amee sj tapponmcy rand ere ot cart Ex Trey fection Snes cei pgs pons ee ‘Secnp haa wan bt te tne ges pos te ete fy eva fy vst eed ae! ha erie tdetcdng cuca ane 3. Cone eo eetng gu.) ped to «damn onadeper sien Lan Wemay shee ong acon Stes ofa sep nto 6 mages penis at tie #0 t's icone tress (of mage) bey a im Fh Tye Sereidieqoon Girt attention men Geng, cfnm —o-efsant 3] Been ean eg er expen for he pone pec he forme eon,Sen yb ply eg ice ai wd seanig ama oo = = e*iaconn! + Bsin pet) oa amer(asnas Ronn) 1 a rit tenn) —f » Ding) mp1 He na tag eal 2 © ° ne C= FET Satan xpesions (oo, (and crn tems, ne ta fer o When he amigos elt, Base th same (pire aangad cae = ‘The examples ete this me ed co explicexpeons for fa sol sgn tt taboo be menoned tha tee ae cxetional es ts ‘enti eat o Key te tie ange win wih ie sana fapunte sss, In aon, the equate eomaiing fj may be sr ‘eenntl which case st cannot he ae exliiy Une theca Steals ofl and g/t hoa yeaa lesions, ‘ing abuses ales foc tbeine at Foren ne the fxpesion oy ate af fr ay be pled and vale fogs ‘nels tray be obtained ebro. PROBLEM SEF 4 fey PROBLEM SEI 114 eho spas pete iy he efor minum sponse inter tegen gre eer ere Prob 3. 1462. Repee Mod L164 fe to ng tn in be ue (eo Pod 1.1 ae pone ora) @ L143, Repent P1161 th fein feo he ge ee Pod 1b rapes orm)|S SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM LANE, Rpt 1141 ec tin he Po 4 Lot8, Reet Pb 1 are prt ai econ @ = a ‘26 un. eb 1 for rope and een a OH 4 | Peo Luts C6. Rat Pab 44 hr parte rong insti @ = OH ‘nthe Agus Gee ob 112 formaponm forme nD 1162, nape Prob 144 fo te tgononeie fing ttn @ xconnt he ge from 1159 eps oa 1165, Repent Pb. Lib for the eigen fing anton Q = sat oh tbe Sgt. See Poh LID) for fap fouls inthe ine feope 21 2 dow tearm nnd oe 2 169, Po the spout epce stg andthe tne foro pnts (apis ierse compe cos Eee rage sane rao? "01 LAS) Name Soltis for Rep In many practi! robleme the foringSnetionrareet ana expreioae Dicarerpreseta by aseesf prt ena dager oe sto mbes a lable Iesush seit nay beluaeto epaeths dt acer ors ty cure fiting meds andthe to we tose formas the Dakar ‘Pig Howevr, « more gene apecach for erating the fesse cons: of wg ssl inp arcuon in wept ees f| {alelaons Tae lar math of mae! ana il be sce! tel for setal types oF nepolation Fnetinsno SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM Feast Assume tht the damped onedegren sete in Fi, 14 is aut 10 fore hat vais wih tine in sme nea ac, sch tot Fees seed bythe hve i ig 35. The oc fenton ny estes oy a session of ep facto of aos magus and bining at detet Une, deted in Fg 1.38 The Bex futon i of mgace 80, od beg a tine 1 = the sco is of gute Ast Bein = tine mete In ay tne lsteralygy 1-5 ta therespanel the ca (0 hs sees of sep aston i Gee Esanpie1Ade LE) ee eee LIS NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS FOR RESPONSE hf in tren me no LSao|i coolants 94 bands} 02% tic oe andngd of no }S0t—eoeat on or) ais meth the mgd BQ oa ple step my be pose ot eae depending upon te eop ofthe smal curve For goo crac) inti td, the eos shold be ete smal, and the ero in der the frig fein shold he approximately seleorpensng Tat is fe based ares fn Fig 155 projet sbove the cure shoul be = plotowtey et tothe washed areas tlow te eave. One Means of ‘ccompishng objet it leech stp (alt te Ut) tea at he [Shesbenthe inte ofthe cunelat the mdenghe of heey andes Inthe pure O sours, I the rang function consis of wn ips hat stil bounded by horzotal ena vera! nes, ths metou pes Skat resis. “Aocbe end ule oes parallel ote sceee aes ised Fig. 36 In ti cathe curve prone byw ea of renga Iinplis of vaus magitades abd uratons. Fer good accra the : ° i Noe . HEE eB EL : ae \ gts‘2 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM. tmagaluce 0 of ypc imple shuld be cnn ate ord o the surat left ine teal done mg Be aoe tie nena! tox ¥ tothe damped scpnteafthe age oa ‘B99 bs clic at tum of the eer or he lal sie ‘cr and ihe es of hein wth teen Sh ee reentry Eg + ~emmefeos adhe te rei —ted]} cute A the a ofthe tera hi empreion tomes *[sscounans Seo sons] “ ~emsfonntie Bava] cm) Torte ce of ao damping (1.160) simpli co se cseonp ti Frere th eos 2a tec fhe SSSRESTGs lt 4a hot tte ara my eo era Me meapan) 76) ” yumion (146) and 1.76) rp 6 even eecuea formulas free Sh anda eponit theta tepals : a ining sepa forrest ones teapot of sy +1 The forma my be apiece ‘odo ine Boro of both te daplcemen aad Ue wos eae espe, ae ponent aly a par me 8 eoutons deny above fee end 196) gh he nassanrsie enya Ziinay am ‘a end ager Pati by 3 aka eed th a response al the ed ofthe hie otrval on the bi of tl acco An alsatveapcoach cuit of deeming te reponse) 0 I preieseectangase impala om te inf peal alelatons. For ‘he Undanped ent ti tclga nvlen the ese Torr enonmtdtian el Sofia) =n (17) ‘Becate of the summation of terms i the Inter pct of 9, (1.76, hi capreion regres many ore cn operation tha do (90) and G3) Tete, ore ated cabatons mes eng ome Blt ine history of ropes, eg (1259) a0 (1768 ar preted, How: ‘nH onl the sponge at parle ine Sse, eg (01) wold Bethe apron cone, "Wi he cee coston yes of erpolaton deserted above, tint always conten to ace ie cress above a owe cng fanstion. Acie aproch sos fet the edna the cove st ‘he tciniog (oth ea) of in tea gaven the mast ot he ‘Se ni hse a). To os wal fe feud tore tb ue dege srry he ston ed ‘ror eay come gun eae Tonle ies, Skerorerierpoation finns ay be conlered Pgu 1.37 showt ste ret loge ce or sling ab Impalas ects ing aces lines vere sip Forth penetra of nrpution te Sump respon ofthe one depen thine ine fe ou] cone fons tad + Rainn tall} seer ccon pl 4) EPS iy = Bem Monnit ha = 828s an Th ater pare of 5 (1.79) den fom the in which 40, ip fonction [ce Prob. 129) At the endo he amped soso fr134 SYSTEMS WiTHt ONE DEGREE OF FREEDON DIS NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS FoR RESHONSE 18 and te velo de yp) Bm ncasin ats cosa + Stam pa , € 20, as ang + BB con aiy am Egon (1.710) acl (78) ar secures formals analogous to es. (he) en (78 Tor rectangular ples. Fore porpose of else thererpoet only te vg the ahem squation forthe ndampel eae (sei ie te tin) see nomen Hata ESO s=1)— so = tal + Mfaneenia neha o-fnxt= tJ) Vbich is drawn from Prob, 113-4 ae the rpc of wih dan oP Tum Fer ops 8 to ior wee Ses ‘oe interelog.(1.75) Besomes forang ftom sing vera ip 1a a of tee Ege eu ime ep ee SSRIS SINR Bete meteor sie oe oa a SOT E Shc oe teil pret mepee [asses peat 4 Se “ap a] cee tip: Life Eat and te he mogates of ele re * Tress afedane sts cones sgt ep. ceo feiiptat enters spaced Fe rp omg wn] Peerseetreoceny " e- enZ ra ~ Atm 8s)] for nih te eto with 20 pig own 0B Ge Pr 117) Oct oat : (at mit) waren w Mewapaisirmtsommanag ve see ety t tte 705 +20 wep sn © se * a8 soe ane cSbs SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM "Cate an plot tein ite 0 sadanpedroni ate cinerage 0.51 51 for be tour pes of serlsors nid nF, Le cg ASsune at tn al Suton at ee #8 ny w= Dead a he “a of Gy ea ae th iy S| Fo Ue the ie 98 (1.7) ad 2:1) apy, wb og (030 and 7 gov oe &. Frm paar gs tse ES “ie comcast Fie tse LIS NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS FOR RESPONSE 17 ° haga i. 158 ont) “hes cohmas fe ate oye i a cmp th ott a tena vat yan.p oth rice) pend i ee ‘fans (and 1) eps. Thon he as in Cough {oj oftesteond In rccepted LO ayeorp an 20 elite aualng ay = 6 LOH ipenep Be «0 cL: ping ae 0'O8 SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEOREE oF maeeDont ie san et Caan AUR ete fan yp may eee in asda wth ge (1.6) 7a pd cote UD oth se ae 2 = +.) 4 ek 0) SLID eh © ec. +e ‘ever nee in y the ae poe tht for be sed ‘Thee heath ean y rad oe aa ele ib are eh ewes ‘proces a ane Ab Sc a a Tole tm cane, miata aces ae See “ale Lapeer Esme Ppt aoe ee oe see 3) Me ie ili SYSTEMS WITH ONE DEGREE OF FREEDOM2 SYSTPQS Wit! ONE DEOREE OF FREEDOM ‘tmgstr pe shen 3 he eine Oe cve a the mse hese. 1 [eset atl oe oer se y= Oa ‘sen epee ee ey Soe Inbuummse ine ‘hg ne exam, and ge 408 soma fhe sp 3 = cat pated ROMLEN SEP sas} 1151 Deno ae xgton ley ied yp forth ana rsvp 01 8), ans ee ares + eon 1 atime -ormpt ta 1422. mines ean or way ied yp fre eape sem greed eg 1 (sip) apie BO ay sopsenp a bemptenid = porte val 1L1S3, Dina a eon a 8 (125) for + pei ne snarton con tae lang apie ee a otis eocret 12, st ao Hoa emp + $324 cheap, 1 a = fsionts =a} ‘sane tenn nn inline ght ops pp ‘Samy 6p propa samet CONFONEE Gor Slag pete ‘nic et cto ae pena hr pogrmnasINPORCE pes ng ft kai ag am CONN {eae me penn or wy id yp othe det spe mpd yoy 0 dH netomat te eons] (seas + Lemire) sons, ctr che orn wpe ppg of op est 0.750. a : 154, i gn to 2 ul sees it en a ih se sinarta Tate eu aslo epee ape tion of oy. (1.7%) and ¢1.794. oe Iba Gig pete pin me hw 6 co aa Geena eee a hs ee snr poh tng i ae ay = Monch Liss Repeat Pe, 1189 ang te peers inersonmathod soma TS, Reps ab 115 forte eg aon na Me, L138, far ay = Hoo) 144 Rap Pb, 14540 wing he eet kept sh stowain Pe ba UiS2 Fer te pte decal a Bute 2, wee pcs ‘rion td sn ip tcl oe ne ge TELS eon tte ote pe a nor 80 01 02 03 OF OS 06.07 08 ad 18 (Gis 88 Iss 154 ts Line e335 37 Nat a