15.1: a) The period is owice the time to go from one extreme to the other, and v= fA =2/T =(6.00m)/(5.05) =1.20 mys, or 1.2 my/sto two figures. b) The amplitude is half the total vertical distance, 0.310 m. ¢) The amplitude docs not affect the wave speed; the new amplinide is 0.150m, d) For the waves to exist, the water level cannot be Jevel (horizontal), and the boat would tend to move along a wave toward the lower Level, altscnately in the direction of and opposed to the direction of the wave motion. 15.9: a) 2 —Ak sin(lx + ot) & =~ dk? cos(iac 4 cot) a = — Aa sin(ia: + wt) om aa! cos(ix + 2t), 2|2 ae “and y(x,t) is asolution of Eq, (15.12) with v= a/k. yr 2 b) Ca cos(kx+ at) By ae sin(kx+ at) ax a ay An tAeocostla + of) 2. —da! sin(kx + at), 22, and (x4) is a solution of Eq, (15.12) with y=« /&. ©) Both waves are moving in the — x direction, as explained in the discussion preceding Eq, (15.8). ) Taking derivatives yields v, (x,4) =—wa cos (ka+at)and a, (x,¢)=—wo"d sin (e+ 004) 15.19: a)y=y/F/u = J(5.00N)/(0.0500 kg/m) = 10.0 m/s b)A=v/f = 10.0 m/s)/(40.0Hz) = 0.250 m ©) (a2) = 4 cos(loc — cot) (Note : »(0.0)= 4, as specified.) k= 2n/=8.000 rad/m; @ = 2af = 80.00 rad/s - y(a,t) = G.00 am)cos[x(8.00 rad/m)..— (80.0 rad/s)¢] d) ¥, =+4e sin(x—cot) anda, = —Adco’costkx - w2) 8y man = AtO” = A(2af)? = 1890 m/s? ©) dy a,i5 much larger than g, so ok to ignore gravity.15.23: a) fri=tr2 Lp=K(nfm)* = (0.026 W/m?)(4.3m/3.1 m)* = 0.050 W/m? b) P= 4nr°J = 4n(4.3m )' (0.026 W/m? ) = 6.04 W Energy = Pt = (6.04 W)(3600s) = 2.2108 J 15.33: a) The amplitude of the standing wave is 4,, = 0.85 cm, the wavelength is twice the distance between adjacent antinodes, and so Eq. (15.28) is 15.29: ylxt) = (0.85 cm)sin((22/0.075 s}¢)sin( 27/30. cm). by vas =NT = G0.0cm)/(0.07505)= 4.00. ms. ©} ©@.850cm)sin(2x(10.5cm)/G0.0cm)) = 0.688 cm. 15.37: a) In the fundamental mode, ), = 2L =1.60 mands v= fA = (60.0Hz)(1.60 m) = 96.0 m/s. b)F=v'4 = m/i = (96.0 m/s)" (0.0400 kg)/(0.800 m) = 461N,15.45: a) 4, =22=3.00 m, f= = GS = 16.0Hz. bh =Ay/3=1.00m, f= 3f,=48.0Hz ¢)hg=2,/4= 0.75 m, f,=4f = 64.0Hz 15.61: a)yaF = Fu] F =F [v= F k{e and substituting this into Eq, (15.33) gives the result b) Quadmpling the teasion for F to F’ = 4F increases the speed v= /F/x bya factor of 2, 50 the new frequency «and new wave number &’ are related to cw ant k by («'/k")= 2(a/k), For the average power to be the same, we must have Phi = Fr'e', 30 kia = 4k'co' and k’ec’ = heal 4. ‘Multiplying the first and second equations together gives oo? =0'/2, sou’ =f ¥2. ‘Thus, the frequency must decrease by a factor of /2. Dividing the second equation by the first equation gives k= 8, 50 R=k/VE 15.67: There is a node at the post and there must be a node at the clothespin. There could be additional nodes in between. The distance between adjacent nodes is 4/2, 90 the distance between any two nodes isn (2/2) for m=1,2,3.... 45.0cm = n(hJ2), h=v/f, 80 Ff = n{v/(90.0em)] = (0.800 Hz)n,2=1,2,3,. 15.71: a) yc, ¥G.4)4 ¥, Gt) = Alcoatkx + cot) + coax —eot)] [coseatcos kx — sineotsin kx +.c03 corcos kx + sin. at sin kx] = (2A) coscatoos kx. b) AL x= 0, 0,t)= (2A)coswt,andsox=0 isamantinode, c) The maximum diyplacement is, front pact (b), Asy =24,the maximum speed is wAsy = Zand and the magnitude of the maximum acceleration is a? 4, = 2c.15.77: a) Solving Eq. (15.35) for the tension F, Fa4P fip = Ami fp? = 4(14.4x107 kg)(0.600 (65.4 Hz)? = 148 N. b) The tension must increase by a factor of (25) (73.4/65.4)? -1 = 26.0%, 9 and the percent increase is