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Chapter 2
AP Calculus
Chapter 2
AP Calculus
y =
x
lim
x 0
f (c + x) - f (c) = m
x
Chapter 2
AP Calculus
lim
x 0
f (x + x) - f (x)
x
provided the limit exists. For all x for which this limit exists f '
is a function of x.
According to Wikipedia...
In calculus, a branch of mathematics, the derivative is a measurement of how a function changes when the values of its
inputs change. Loosely speaking, a derivative can be thought of as how much a quantity is changing at some given point.
For example, the derivative of the position of a car at some point in time is the velocity, or speed, at which that car is
traveling (conversely the integral of the velocity is the car's position or distance traveled).
Differentiation is a method to compute the rate at which a quantity, y, changes with respect to the change in another
quantity, x, upon which it is dependent. This rate of change is called the derivative of y with respect to x.
dy =
dx
Chapter 2
lim
x 0
y' ;
y =
x
d [ f (x)] ;
dx
lim
x 0
Dx[y]
dy
dx
f (x + x) - f (x) = f '(x)
x
AP Calculus
Chapter 2
AP Calculus
Chapter 2
AP Calculus
Chapter 2
AP Calculus
lim
x c
f (x) - f (c)
x-c
**Use this form when you are trying to find the derivative at a point...
Chapter 2
AP Calculus
One-Sided Derivatives:
A function y = f (x) is differentiable on a closed interval
[a , b] if it has a derivative at every interior point of the
interval, and if the limits
lim
x c-
lim
x c+
f (x) - f (c)
x-c
Chapter 2
AP Calculus
Chapter 2
10
AP Calculus
continuous at c differentiable at c
Chapter 2
11
AP Calculus
Chapter 2
12