oe 621, 319, 077. 3 FUJI DSR 72 SERIES THYRISTOR LEONARD EQUIPMENT 1. INTRODUCTION Variable speed motors now being produced operate on various principles and systems. The drive equip- ment for stich motor is rapidly becoming static and much of it uses thyristors which are typical elements for power electronics. One of the popular types of such equipment is thyristor Leonard equipment for DC motor drive. This equipment makes. variable speed drive easy and. its control performance and efficiency are good. In 1969, Fuji Electric standardized a series of high performance, compact DSR thyristor Leonard equip- ment for speed control of Fuji Standard variable speed “DS motor” from 0.55KW to 150kW. This series features easy handling, high performance and high reliability. It is now widely used for variable speed control in all fields of industry. Recently, on the basis of the good results and ex- perience obtained with above equipment, Fuji Ele- citric standardized the DSR72 series of thyristor Leonard equipment. ‘This series consists of four types: the mixed bridge connection type for non- reverse drive and the center tap connection type for reverse drive, both with a single phase power supply, and the pure bridge type for non-reverse drive and the anti-parallel connection of three-phase pure bridges type for reverse drive, both having three~ phase power supplies. They can be used with DS ‘motors of capacities from 0.25 kW to 375 kW. Many types of machinery can be used because of the good compatibility with motors and motor controlling, adapters (MCA series). ‘The control circuits employ linear IC micropacks and digital IC’s which have proven highly reliable in many industrial applications. These elements perform for greater compactness and higher performance of the equipment. An outline of this equipment is given below. Il. STANDARD SERIES ‘The Fuji DSR72 series thyristor Leonard equipment was rationally standardized on the basis of past ex- perience in order to fulfill customer's demands for fast delivery and low prices. Table 1 shows the standard specifications of the DSR72 series. Hideomi Kanno Technical Planing Center WI CONSTRUCTION ‘The construction of the DSR72 series is of three standard types: the wall mounted type, the panel mounted type and the selfstanding cubicle type. Fig. I and Fig. 2 are outer views of the panel mounted and self-standing cubicle types respectively. The basic construction units are common to all types. Osteniew of ponel mounted Fig. 2 Ouerviow of stfstanding cubicle type As standard units, the panel mounted type consists of the following circuits arranged efficiently : main circuit devices such as thyristor converters, AC re- actors; fuses for protection of semiconductors against short circuit currents, ACCT's and resistors, phase sequence detectors, surge suppressors, speed controllers and fans for thyristor cooling as well as. sequence circuits required for control. When the panel mounted type is inserted in a case made by steel sheet, it becomes the wall mounted type and when accommo- dated in a cubicle with a AC molded case circuit ‘breaker and magnetic contactor, it becomes the self 129standing cubicle type. The printed boards for con- trol are inserted in a special frame, Since this frame has the connection jacks placed on the rear surface which can be turned to the front (refer to Fig. 3) the equipment is much easier than previous models for a wide range of test adjustments, maintenance and checking, and the overall maintainability of the Leonard equipment is improved. The printed boards for the speed controllers, cur- rent controllers, speed-current controllers, gate shifters, pulse amplifiers, field controllers, etc. are all of the plug-in type. The printed boards are mounted on guide rail to avoid any mechanical deformations of the boards due to vibrations shocks and tempera- ture changes, so this frame construction also provides operation stability. Fig. 4 shows an outer view of @ typical printed board, IV. CIRCUIT CONSTRUCTION ‘The circuit construction of the standard DSR72 series is based on the standard type but semi-stand- ard types can easily be constructed by adding the necessary options. The standard specifications are outlines below. Fig. 4 Outerviow of printed boord 1. Control Block Diagram Fig. 5 is a typical block diagram ot the Leonard equipment in this series. It is a circuit in the DSR 72-4 series for reverse drive with regenerative braking of a DS motor with a three-phase power source. ‘The thyristor converter is anti-parallel connection of three-phase pure bridge. Here a detailed description will be given of the main circuit in the DSR72-4 series thyristor Leonard equipment such as the surge suppressor, thyristor converter, speed-current controller, gate shifter, pulse amplifier and changeover logic circuit 1) Surge suppressor circuit The surge suppressor circuit is used to reduce over voltages due to lightning or switching surges Set come ay Fig, 5 Block diogcom of DSR72-4 series thyristor Leonard equipment 130 Vol 18 No. 3 FUJI ELECTRIC REVIEWfrom the exterior to values within the safety limits of the equipment. A compact, high performance semiconductor arrestors are located between the three-phase line in order to improve the reliability against over voltages. 2). Thyristor converter ‘The thyristor converter employs an anti-parallel connection of three-phase pure bridges. Since the control method does not flow cross current, only one RC parallel circuit for over voltage suppressions by means of the cartier storage effect is provided in common for forward and reverse thyristors and each arm contains one fuse for protection of the thyristors against over currents as ean be seen from Fig. 6. Therefore this converter has the simpliest construction and improve reliability " Fig. & Thyrstor connections of DSR72-4 series thyristor Leonard 3) Speed-current controller Fig. 7 shows the circuit of the speed-current con- troller, This controller consist of a speed controller foe (OP 1), a current controller (OP 2) and a current command controller (OP 3). However, in order to improve control performances of the current minor loop, a micropack using IC’s with high amplification is employed in the main unit. ‘The current and speed cotrolllers have Prcharacteristies and the current com- mand controller has 1:1 P characteristics. ‘There~ fore, the current command voltage (points D, and D,) becomes as shown in Fig. 8. The output is fed directly to the gateshifter as control input signal Fuji DSR 72 Sevies Thyritor Leonerd Equipment Current command | Speed controller 7 | output voltage Fig. & Currant commond value of speed current controller The output voltage is limited in +1.8 V~7 V (60 Hz) and +2.2V~9V (50 Hz) by the external additional circuits. Syren ota transformer woe Control vottage V cis] [itt De supply Fig. 9 Celt of gote shitter 4) Gateshifter Fig. 9 show the gateshifter, Fig. 10 the dynamic mode of the shifter and Fig. 11, the characteristics ‘The operation will be explained on the basis of Figs. 9 and J0, First, when the output voltage of the synchronizing transformer 7; is in the direction to turn transistor T, on, Ve=Ve= +1.8~9V. Since transistor T; is biased from the ++-12V power source, it is tured on. Next, when the transformer output voltage turns transistor T, off, capacitor C, starts to charge via the resistor R from the control voltage Vi to the negative power supply of —10V. In other ‘words, the capacitor voltage V. decreases from the control voltage ¥, to —10V. When this voltage reaches zero, the base current of transistor 7; stops flowing and transistor T; is turned off. When this 131aera tine sf 7 ee Ups te et i ites : ic 21 nae : ! ose | EE Uphase | } : ——s voltage : ome er toy ae | H ve : Wot et ; , ct fates oe : Wore | Tt ! a [eee Sal Opa sara | faa ee Vo : Fig. 12. Cire of puee amplifier 180" Fig. 10 Dynamic mode of gateshter 180 0 Sa foony 3 ee J dont eto 5 73 Soe atacen = ce 8 — Inout voltage Vi (V) Fig. 11 Choractarisies of happens, a differential pulse with a width of 1.4 ms given out from the +24 V power supply via capaci- tor C;, This pulse has sufficient ascension and size for reliable control of the thyristors 5) Pulse amplifier ‘The circuit of the pulse amplifier is shown in Fig. 12, This pulse amplifier amplifies the input pulse from the gateshifter by a Darlington connection with two transistor stages, and provides a square wave pulse of 24V and 1.4 ms width for the pulse transformer. In such a case the maximum load cur- rent is 0.4A, In this pulse amplifier, the double pulse to be needed for 3-phase pure bridge control provided by a diode “or” circuit. 6) Changeover logic Fig. 13 shows the circuit of the changeover logie. ‘The explanation of the operation is base on the block diagram in Fig. 14. 132 : 2 =p Fe 14. Operotion of chongeover logic Vou 18, No. 3 FUJI ELECTRIC REVIEWTele 1 standard spt Series SRI wes | DSREZ wes | DSRS wis | DSR wis 3 | Wall mooned type, patel mouted type, seistnding cabice wpe Rated power suply vols 16 20088 3 2m38¥ or an(f2¥ a cn . rise volage variation {HO of rated votage «| Permisbe frequency variaon ae _ i ee = ee | | Man eres eonnesion 16 mined bridge | 14 centr tap | pure igs | Arbre o | Rated armature voltage De too PC TIOMOV | —~dDE 20V or OV [ited ao vote 2 ~ pe 1509 Maximum ouput ——~=~*~*~*~*‘dtCi ew | aaiaTW | 7s=0kW Overload capacity Speed control method ' DVR ho —— | Opeaton | DS motor capacity 0.25~7.5kW | Base seed Control range z 1 (as 3% (DVR, a Control accuracy Permissible ambient temperature Dieetrie strength Standard painting color By dynamic braking resistor added Braking Armature circuit changeover method ‘by magnetic Reversible operation | with constant acceleration setter with motor speed setter with speed setter with field regulator with manual field regulator with check panel This changeover logic performs reliable and stable selection of the gate pulses of the forward or reverse converters connected in anti-parallel and changes over between forward and reverse operation of the motor by means of thyristor Leonard control with no cross current. The operation discriminates the torque polarity by the output from the speed con- Fuji DSR 72 Sries Thyrstor Leonard Equipment 15036 of motor rated current DVR or ASR MCA-Hé series MCA-HS series Reverse, Non-teverse, Reverse, regenerative who brake” | regenerative 025~55kW 055~375 kW, £850, 1,150 and 1,730 rpm 1100 (ASR), 1:30 (DVR) SR, rated speed, 10~ 100% of rated torque) ‘peed, 10~ 100 of rated torave) —10~ 440°C. | AC 1500 (for 200), AC 2000 Gor 400V) Tin Munsell 75 BG 6/15 By dynamic braking Armature circuit jhangeover method by magnetic troller, starts the pulse amplifier on the correspond- ing side, triggers the thyristor and causes current to flow. For example, when the torque polairty is positive, the pulse amplifier is started on the forward side and current flows into the forward converter. When a reverse signal is given and the torque is re- versed under these conditions, the gate pulse is 133,shifted to yma. and the current becomes zero. The Schmidt circuit discriminates that the current has become zero, the pulse amplifier which has been operating is cut off and the converter is tured off After a set period, the pulse amplifier on the side corresponding to the torque polarity is started, cor- rect starting is confirmed, the fais, shift is stopped and current flows to the corresponding thyristor. At the time of stopping, the speed setter first becomes zero and this causes the torque polarity to be re- versed. The reverse side converter is started, re- generation control automatically begins and the motor is stopped. When the speed become zero, it is discriminated that there is no speed and this causes the gate pulse to shift to yo, and simul- taneously, both pulse amplifiers are cut out and stop operating, V. CHARACTERISTICS Static Characteristics Fig. 15 shows the load regulating characteristics of the DSR72-4 series for forwardjreverse operation of a I1kW DC 220V, 1,000 rpm DS motor at 2,500 rpm and 1,000 rpm using the ASR system. The rotational speed accuracy is within 1% and current limiting is performed at 150% of the rated motor current, Dynamic. Characteristics Fig. 16 shows the full load starting characteristics for sequence operation (start—> forward — reverse—> stop) using the ARS control system of a 11 kW, DC 220V, 1,000 rpm DS motor, From this oscillogram, it is evident that a speed control loop setting in optimum conditions is formed so that speed control with rapid response and high accuracy is possible. Trane) Zs shee oe i a ti Spaodon) Eo 1B ee Sooo fastarvansgatvy Fig. 15. Lood roguetion ehorocois Leonard eauipment of SR72-4 VI. CONCLUSION An outline of the DSR72 series thyristor Leonard equipment has been presented above and the features of the series are now being displayed in various fields of industry. In the future, there will be greater use of IC’s and attempts will be made to develop Leonard equipment for general use by providing 2 large number of series. References : (1) Kanno, Yonezawa and Sugimoto: Fuji DSR Type Thyris- tor Leonard Equipment, Fuji Journal, 43, No. 9 (1970) RR HR Tiare! Aenstire carn) | ES “es Ea si ‘haatenetaeneicrner anne eioemntienemmnasuiiosieanae San MER we ei amma Fig. 18 Onellogrom of fll lod sertng chorea (ert forward» reverie — sop) 134 FUJL ELECTRIC REVIEW Yo 18, Ne. 3