Centro Educativo Peumayen

ECUACIONES GRADO 1
Profesor: Francisco javier Valenzuela

x=6
ÍNDICE
7) x – 2 = 30
A. ECUACIONES TIPO ax+b=c x = 30 + 2

B. ECUACIONES TIPO ax+c=bx+d x = 32

8) 4x = 80
C. ECUACIONES CON DENOMINADOR
(monomios en el numerador) 80
x= = 20
4
D. ECUACIONES POLINÓMICAS
9) 3x = – 4
E. ECUACIONES CON DENOMINADOR 4
(binomios en el numerador) x =-
3
F. OTROS TIPOS 10) –2x = 14
14
x =- = -7
EJERCICIOS RESUELTOS 2
11) –2x = –14
A. ECUACIONES TIPO ax+b=c
-14 14
x= = =7
-2 2
1) x+2=4
x=4–2 12) 23x = 80
x=2
80
2) x–1=5 x=
23
x=5+1
13) 2x + 2 = 12
x=6
2x = 12 - 2 Þ
3) x–2=3 10
Þ 2x = 10 Þ x = =5
x=3+2 2

x=5 14) 4x + 4 = 12

4) x–4=7 4x = 12 - 4 Þ
8
x=7+4 Þ 4x = 8 Þ x = =2
4
x = 11
15) 13x + 4 = 11
x + 6 = 11
13x = 11 - 4 Þ
5)

x = 11 – 6 7
Þ 13x = 7 Þ x =
x=5 13

6) x + 14 = 20 16) 6x – 5 = 3

x = 20 – 14 6x = 3 + 5 Þ

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 8 4 11x = -2 - 5 - 3 - 13 Þ
Þ 6x = 8 Þ x = =
6 3 23
Þ 11x = -23 Þ x = -
17) 9x – 4 = 14 11

9x = 14 + 4 Þ B. ECUACIONES TIPO ax+c=bx+d

18
Þ 9x = 18 Þ x = =2
9
26) x + 2x = 5
18) 6x – 3 = 2
5
6x = 2 + 3 Þ 3x = 5 Þ x =
3
5
Þ 6x = 5 Þ x = 27) 3x – 2x = 4
6
x=4
19) 9x – 2 = 4 – 2
4x – x + x = 3 + 10
9x = 4 - 2 + 2 Þ
28)

4 13
Þ 9x = 4 Þ x = 4x = 13 Þ x =
9 4
20) 3x – 4 = 9 – 2
C. ECUACIONES CON DENOMINADOR
3x = 9 - 2 + 4 Þ (monomios en el numerador)

11
Þ 3x = 11 Þ x =
3 x 2 1
29) + =
21) 11x + 3 – 4 = 15 – 2 3 7 3
m.c.m(3,7) = 21
11x = 15 - 2 - 3 + 4 Þ
x × 7 2 × 3 1× 7 7x 6 7
14 + = Þ + = Þ
Þ 11x = 4 Þ x = 21 21 21 21 21 21
11
1
7x + 6 = 7 Þ 7x = 1 Þ x =
22) 17x – 3 + 2 = –10 – 3 7
17x = -10 - 3 + 3 - 2 Þ x 1
30) - =2
12 3 4
Þ 17x = -12 Þ x = - m.c.m(4, 3) = 12
17
x × 4 1 × 3 2 × 12 4x 3 24
23) 16x + 3 – 4 – 2 = – 4 – 2 + = Þ + = Þ
12 12 12 12 12 12
16x = -4 - 2 + 4 + 2 - 3 Þ 21
4x + 3 = 24 Þ 4x = 21 Þ x =
3 4
Þ 16x = -3 Þ x = -
16 3x 3 1
31) + =
2 4 2
24) 12x – 2 – 4 = –3 – 4 – 4
m.c.m(2, 4) = 4
12x = -3 - 4 - 4 + 2 + 4 Þ
3x × 2 3 × 1 1 × 2 6x 3 2
5 + = Þ + = Þ
Þ 12x = -5 Þ x = - 4 4 4 4 4 4
12 1
6x + 3 = 2 Þ 6x = -1 Þ x = -
25) 11x + 13 = – 2 – 5 – 3 6

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 4x 7 1
32) - = -1
9 6 3 11x 14 1 1
36) - + -1 = +
2 6 4 8
m.c.m(3, 6, 9) = 18
4x × 2 7 × 3 1 × 6 1 × 18 m.c.m(2, 4, 6, 8) = 24
+ = - Þ 11x × 12 14 × 4 1 × 24 1 × 6 1 × 3
18 18 18 18 - + - = + Þ
8x 21 6 18 24 24 24 24 24
Þ + = - Þ 132x 56 26 6 3
18 18 18 18 Þ- + - = - Þ
Þ 8x + 21 = 6 - 18 Þ 24 24 24 24 24
33 Þ -132x + 56 - 26 = 6 - 3 Þ
Þ 8x = -33 Þ x = - 27 9
8 Þ 132x = -27 Þ x = - =-
5x 1 3 132 44
33) - = -5 13x 16 1 12
6 7 3 37) - + -2 = +
2 6 4 8
m.c.m(3, 6,7) = 42
5x × 7 1 × 6 3 × 12 5 × 42 m.c.m(2, 4, 6, 8) = 24
- = - Þ 13x × 12 16 × 4 2 × 24 1 × 6 12 × 3
42 42 42 42 - + - = - Þ
35x 6 36 210 24 24 24 24 24
Þ + = - Þ
42 42 42 42
Þ 35x + 6 = 36 - 210 Þ 156x 64 48 6 36
Þ + - = - Þ
Þ 35x = 36 - 210 - 6 Þ 35x = 180 Þ 24 24 24 24 24
180 36
Þx= = Þ 156x + 64 - 48 = 6 - 36 Þ
35 7
46 23
34)
4x 1
- = -1
1 Þ 156x = -46 Þ x = - =-
5 20 10 156 78
m.c.m(5, 10, 20) = 20 3x 1
38) + x - 2 = + 2x
4x × 4 1 × 1 1 × 2 1 × 20 2 4
- = - Þ
20 20 20 20 m.c.m(2, 4) = 4
16x 1 2 20 3x × 2 x × 4 2 × 4 1 × 1 2x × 4
Þ - = - Þ + - = + Þ
42 42 42 42 4 4 4 4 4
Þ 16x - 1 = 2 - 20 Þ 6x 4x 8 1 8x
Þ 16x = 2 - 20 + 1 Þ 16x = -17 Þ Þ + - = + Þ
4 4 4 4 4
17
Þ x=- Þ 6x + 4x - 8 = 1 + 8x Þ
16
9x 14 1 1 Þ 6x + 4x - 8x = 1 + 8 Þ 2x = 9 Þ
35) + = -
2 6 3 9 9
Þx=
m.c.m(2, 3, 6, 9) = 18 2
9x × 9 14 × 3 1 × 6 1 × 2 13 x x x
+ = - Þ 39) + -2 = +
18 18 18 18 2 6 4 8
81x 42 6 2 m.c.m(2, 4, 6, 8) = 24
Þ + = - Þ
18 18 18 18 13 × 12 x × 4 2 × 24 x × 6 x × 3
+ - = + Þ
Þ 81x + 42 = 6 - 2 Þ 24 24 24 24 24
Þ 81x = 6 - 2 + 42 Þ 156x 4x 48 6x 3x
46 Þ + - = - Þ
Þ 81x = 46 Þ x = 24 24 24 24 24
81 Þ 156x + 4x - 6x + 3x = 48 Þ

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 48 44) -4(3 - x) = -3
Þ 157x = 48 Þ x =
157 -4 × 3 + 4 × x = -3 Þ -12 + 4x = -3 Þ

5x 2x 12 Þ 4x = -3 + 12 Þ 4x = 9 Þ
40) + 2-x = +
3 5 8 9
Þx=
m.c.m(3, 5, 8) = 120 4
5x × 40 2 × 120 x × 120 4(3 - x + 2x) = -3
+ - = 45)
120 120 120
2x × 24 12 × 15 4 × 3 - 4 × x + 4 × 2x = -3 Þ
= + Þ
120 120 Þ 12 - 4x + 8x = -3 Þ
200x 240 120x
Þ + - = Þ -4x + 8x = -3 - 12 Þ
120 120 120
48x 180 Þ 4x = -15 Þ
= - Þ
120 120 15
Þ 200x + 240 - 120x = Þ x =-
4
= 48x - 180 Þ
Þ 200x - 120x - 48x = 46) 4(3 - x) + 3(x - 1) = -3
= -180 - 240 Þ 12 - 4x + 3x - 3 = -3 Þ
Þ 32x = -420 Þ
420 105 Þ -4x + 3x = -3 + 3 - 12 Þ
Þ x=- =- Þ -x = -12 Þ x = 12
32 8
47) 4(3 − x) − ( − 3 − 5x) = − 1
D. ECUACIONES POLINÓMICAS 12 - 4x + 3 + 5x = -1 Þ
Þ -4x + 5x = -1 - 3 - 12 Þ
Þ x = -16
41) 3(x - 2) = 7
48) -4(3 - x) - (-3 - 5x) = -1 + x
3x - 3 × 2 = 7 Þ 3x - 6 = 7 Þ
-12 + 4x + 3 + 5x = -1 + x Þ
Þ 3x = 7 + 6 Þ 3x = 13 Þ
Þ 4x + 5x - x = -1 - 3 + 12 Þ
13
Þx= 8
3 Þ 8x = 8 Þ x = = 1
42) 4(3 - x) = -3 8
49) -7(1 - x - 2) - (-3 - x) = -(2x - 1)
4 × 3 - 4 × x = 7 Þ 12 - 4x = 7 Þ
-7 + 7x + 14 + 3 + x = -2x + 1 Þ
Þ 12 - 7 = 4x Þ 4x = 5 Þ
Þ 7x + x + 2x = 1 + 7 - 14 - 3 Þ
5
Þx= 11
4 Þ 10x = 11 Þ x =
10
43) 3(3 - x) = -3 - 2
3 × 3 - 3 × x = -5 Þ 9 - 3x = -5 Þ 50) -4(3 - x) - (-3 - 5x) = 2(x - 3x - 1)
Þ 9 + 5 = 3x Þ 3x = 14 Þ
14
Þx=
3

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 -12 + 4x + 3 + 5x = 2x - 6x - 2 Þ x+1 x+1 3
55) + =
Þ 4x + 5x - 2x + 6x = -2 + 12 - 3 Þ 3 6 2
7 m.c.m(2, 3, 6) = 6
Þ 13x = 7 Þ x =
13 (x + 1)× 2 (x + 1)× 1 3 × 3
-2(x + 2) - 3(5 - x) = 2(3x - 4x) + 1 + = Þ
51) 6 6 6
-2x - 4 - 15 + 3x = 6x - 8x + 1 Þ Þ (x + 1) × 2 + (x + 1)× 1 = 9 Þ
Þ -2x + 3x - 6x + 8x = 1 + 4 + 15 Þ Þ 2x + 2 + x + 1 = 9 Þ
2x + x = 9 - 2 - 1 Þ
20
Þ 3x = 20 Þ x = 6
3 Þ 3x = 6 Þ x = = 2
3
E. ECUACIONES CON DENOMINADOR (binomios
en el numerador) x + 1 x + 1 5x
56) + =
3 6 6
x - 1 12 m.c.m(2, 6) = 6
52) =
2 8 (x + 1)× 2 (x + 1)× 15x × 1
m.c.m(2, 8) = 8 + = Þ
6 6 6
(x - 1)× 4 12 × 1 Þ (x + 1) × 2 + (x + 1)× 1 = 5x Þ
= Þ (x - 1)× 4 = 12 Þ
8 8 Þ 2x + 2 + x + 1 = 5x Þ
Þ 4x - 4 = 12 Þ 4x = 12 + 6 Þ 2x + x - 5x = -2 - 1 Þ
18 9
Þ 4x = 18 Þ x = = Þ -2x = -3 Þ 2x = 3 Þ x =
3
4 2 2
x + 2 12 3(x - 4) 5(2x + 1) 2x
53) = 57) + =
2 3 2 3 4
m.c.m(2, 3) = 6 m.c.m(2, 3, 4) = 12
( x + 2) × 3
12 × 2 3(x - 4) × 6 5(2x + 1) × 4 2x × 3
= Þ ( x + 2)× 3 = 24 Þ + = Þ
6 6 12 12 12
Þ 3x + 6 = 24 Þ 3x = 24 - 6 Þ Þ 18(x - 4) + 20(2x + 1) = 6x Þ
18 Þ 18x - 72 + 40x + 20 = 6x Þ
Þ 3x = 18 Þ x = =6
3 18x + 40x - 6x = 72 - 20 Þ
x-1 x
54) = 52
2 8 Þ 52x = 52 Þ x = =1
52
m.c.m(2, 8) = 8
(x - 1)× 4 x×1 3(2x - 4 + x) 5(2x - 1) 2(x - 3)
= Þ (x - 1)× 4 = x Þ 58) - =
8 8 2 3 4
Þ 4x - 4 = x Þ 4x + x = 4 Þ
4
Þ 5x = 4 Þ x =
5

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 m.c.m(2, 3, 4) = 12
3(2x - 4 + x) × 6 5(2x - 1) × 4
- =
12 12
2(x - 3) × 3
= Þ
12
Þ 18(3x - 4) - 20(2x - 1) = 6(x - 3) Þ
Þ 54x - 72 - 40x + 20 = 6x - 18 Þ
Þ 54x - 40x - 6x = -18 + 72 - 20 Þ
34 17
Þ 8x = 34 Þ x = =
8 4
5 × 7x 1× 2 1 × 14x
= - Þ
14x 14x 14x
F. OTROS TIPOS
Þ 21x = 2 - 14x Þ
Þ 21x + 14x = 2 Þ
1 2
59) =2 Þ 35x = 2 Þ x =
x 35
1 2 1× 1 2 × x 5 1
= Þ = Þ 1 = 2x Þ 64) +3= -2
x 1 x x 2 3x
1 5 × 3x 3 × 6x 1 × 2 2 × 6x
Þx= + = - Þ
2 6x 6x 6x 6x
3x 2
Þ 15x + 18x = 2 - 12x Þ
60) =4 Þ 15x + 18x + 12x = 2 Þ
2x
2
3x 2 4 3x 4 3x × 1 4 × 2 Þ 45x = 2 Þ x =
= Þ = Þ = Þ 45
2x 1 2 1 2 2 2x 3
8 65) =
Þ 3x = 8 Þ x = 1- x 5
3
2x × 5 3 × (1 - x)
1 2
= = Þ 10x = 3 - 3x Þ
61)
2 x (1 - x) × 5 (1 - x) × 5
3
1× x 2 × 1 Þ 10x + 3x = 3 Þ 13x = 3 Þ x =
= Þx=2 13
2x 2x
3 5 1
62) =
2 7x 66)
1- 2 = 1
3 × 7x 5 × 2 x
= Þ 21x = 10 Þ
14x 14x 1 1
×1
10 1 2 1 1× x 2 1× x
Þx= - =- Þ - =- Þ
21 1 x 1 x x x
5 1 1 1 1
63) = -1 Þ x - = -x Þ x + x = Þ 2x = Þ
2 7x 2 2 2
1 1
Þx= Þx=
2×2 4

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