Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
2 (2011)
,1)/8(1&,$'(/)$&725'(,17(16,'$'0;,0287,/,=$'2(1/$35()$7,*$(1
/$7(1$&,'$'$/$)5$&785$
03DODFLRV5/H]FDQR3*DUFLD)-%HO]XQFH
"
%
PCJ
U-=
U-=
RR%#!U-=
&
5(680(1
=
>? "\%# 4%##$<
D
/ B
=
P D
D=
@
@
- @
=
D
@
D=
D
@>?
Lb
@
D
@
D
=
D
D K
@
D
=
D
D=
$%675$&7
?@
I
D
>? "\$%# 4%##$<
@ D @
D @
D
@D
'DD@ 'DI@@
,1752'8&&,1
f
D
D
D=
D
-
D
3
/ P
B=
P
3
D D
D
3 /
B=
DI
C
=
D=
D
4K`<
K` B
- 4K
- <
K /
B
D
DD
J
D
/
-
=
3
=
-
D=
/D
3 D
-
D
D
773
>@
=
D 4b
L >?
< J
/
D
=
/ 3 B
D
>? "\%# N"O
- @ B
D
) / =
7HPHSUDWXUD C HIDWLJD
. I = #X <67HPSHUDWXUD(QVD\R
<6
. 4!<
4
)=
. I % : %
D
6 I
:
4W<
(6,63>@
P
%R
C%'$%
/
*
) /
D
. / =
I 4X<
:
% :
) / = #X )\ 4Y<
)\ =
! % (: D )%
<6 4\<
R 6
L
D
=*
. / = ( ####"W P 4$<
,62>@
P
W!%!
L"%"RWk%##%
/
D
*
6
) /
D
. / =
I 4"#<
"
:
(% % 1 : ) % :
"
) / = (
% (: D ) %
( <6 + 76 )7HPS C HIDWLJD 4%<
!6
(: % % 1 ) %
D
J"
:
4""<
= ####"X P 4"%<
L
*
. / = ( ####R% P 4R<
x=
3*
) / =
774
#\ % (: D ) %
( <6 )7HPS(QVD\R 4"R<
6
$670(>@
P
/ \
>? R$$*#$
/
D=
*
. / = #X . 4 4"!<
3D
>?"\%#
D 3
LD = *
7DEOD9DORUHVPi[LPRVGHSUHIDWLJDDGPLVLEOHV
VHJ~QODVGLIHUHQWHVQRUPDV
K /4C "%<
w
/=
;
B
bY!!\'"
%!\
4"<
C%'$%
%\X
4X<
L"%"RW
%\X
4"R<
>?R$$
4"!<
#XK5
>?"\%#
"$W4 <
4"X<
>?"\%# #XK54
<
4"Y<
352&(',0,(172(;3(5,0(17$/
- DB
D B
K
4J?
%<@
wb
B
@ RWWw: 4 z`R#
b`"W z`#W< B
D'
D
@
D
K P
?%4K /`%\W
C "%K /`R#C "%<
K /
B
/
>?"\%#
4K /`"$W C "%<
D
B
K /`"RRC "%
3
3
D
@-
E`#"
: ? R K
B
D=
D
B ? !
P
D
7DEOD'DWRVGHORVYDORUHVGH.XWLOL]DGRVHQOD
SUHIDWLJDGHODVSUREHWDV6(1%DQDOL]DGDV
K4C "%<
C
/=
B
"
4X<
K
%WY
%
4"X<
K
"YW"%#
R
%Y#
4"!<
K
. / = ( ####R P 4"W<
$670(>@
P
Y!
/>"'>R
>?"\%#*#$ / B
D
*
7HPS C HIDWLJD
7HPS C HIDWLJD
4"X<
. / = <67HPS(QVD\R ##XR <6
<6
x
D
P "R D
*
7HPS C HIDWLJD
. / = #X <67HPS(QVD\R . ) 4"Y<
<6
KQ`K5
&RPSDUDWLYDDSOLFDGDDXQFDVRFRQFUHWR
?
D
RWWw:
]x`R"# C
]?`W"# C `%#Y UC
3
E`#"
wb z`R# b`"W
z`#W
3
"
7DEOD9DORUHVPi[LPRVGHSUHIDWLJDSRVLEOHVVHJ~Q
ODVGLIHUHQWHVQRUPDV
K /4C "%<
w
/=
B
bY!!\'"
%!YX
4"<
bY!!\'"
YRX#
4R<
C%'$%
%\W$
4X<
C%'$%
R"#W
4$<
L"%"RW
RR"%
4"#<
L"%"RW
%\WX
4"R<
>?R$$
4"!<
#XK5
>?R$$
X%"#
4"W<
>?"\%#
"$WR
4"X<
>?"\%#
4"Y<
#XK5
775
7DEOD&LFORV\WLHPSRGHHQVD\RHQODHWDSDGH
SUHIDWLJDI +]
G
C
"
%
R
RY!#"
R"R!$X
RRYY"
?
4
<
!"
RX#
R\
C
K54C "%<
C54Hw<
"
%
R
W#%
!$R
W##
"%%%
""WY
""\W
? D=
D wb
=
=
DK
3 B=
- '"## | 3
'
: Q "
D
B=
D 3
@
D
D
)LJXUD3UREHWDIUDFWXUDGDWUDVHOHQVD\R.,&
)LJXUD5HJLVWUR&DUJD&2'HQORVHQVD\RVGH
GHWHUPLQDFLyQGH.,F
C B
?
4z`X# kb`R# kz`#WW<
f
D=
C
B
K`"$ C "% D
B
K` "Y C "%
3 D
B= K
!R
C "%4J
3D
?%<
7DEOD'DWRVGHORVYDORUHVGH.XWLOL]DGRVHQOD
SUHIDWLJDGHODVSUREHWDV&7DQDOL]DGDV
C
K4C "%<
!
K
"$#"Y#
W
!R#
K
5(68/7$'26<$1/,6,6
(QVD\RVGHWHQDFLGDGHOiVWLFROLQHDO
D %
D 'L
w b D
D
4J ? R< @
D
=
K
:
w b
)LJXUD3UREHWD
.SUHIDW03DP
)LJXUD3UREHWD
KSUHIDW*"YW"%#
03DP
)LJXUD3UREHWD.SUHIDW03DP
C
?Y
?
4 W J ? W< @
D
D
776
7DEOD5HVXOWDGRVREWHQLGRVHQORVHQVD\RV.,&DXQD
WHPSHUDWXUDGH&3UREHWDV&7
C
K54C "%<
C54Hw<
!
W
X\!
\RR
!$Y\
W\W\
ED
D
D4 "Wg<
B
D=
D
$QiOLVLVIUDFWRJUiILFR6(0
f
B B
D
D /
=
4
@B
<
D
D P
D
D=
D3
K/:D
X'\
B
=
D
3"RW3
3D
D
K
D
3
D P 4 @< 3
@
D=
3@
>
DK /D
D=
D
B
B
@
B'
=
3
D =
@
% ! 3 @
B
D=
3
=
@ 4J
?!<
D =
@
3
D
-
'
"##|
C
D=
DB
K //D
B
D 3
3
=
J
B=
D
D
)LJXUD3UREHWD6XSHUILFLHGHIUDFWXUD
5HJLyQGHOIUHQWHGHJULHWD
ED
D
)LJXUD3UREHWD6XSHUILFLHGHIUDFWXUD
5HJLyQGHOIUHQWHGHJULHWD
ED
D
)LJXUD3UREHWD6XSHUILFLHGHIUDFWXUD
5HJLyQGHOIUHQWHGHJULHWD
D
)LJXUD3UREHWD6XSHUILFLHGHIUDFWXUD
5HJLyQGHOIUHQWHGHJULHWD
777
D=
@
D
D
D
'"##| @
D
D=
D
DD=
D
3
D=
>
B?#|
3
D
D=
@
4
D= D
<
D
"Wg
D
C
3
D K
-
@$
$*5$'(&,0,(1726
:
B=
-
Q
=
?>
5()(5(1&,$6
N"O>? "\%# 6WDQGDUG 7HVW 0HWKRG IRU
0HDVXUHPHQW RI )UDFWXUH 7RXJKQq >?
%##X%##$
N%Ob Y!!\'" )UDFWXUH 0HFKDQLFV 7RXJKQHVV 7HVW
3DUW 0HWKRG IRU 'HWHUPLQDWLRQ RI .,& &ULWLFDO
&72'DQG&ULWLFDO-9DOXHVRI0HWDOOLF0DWHULDOV
b@
%##%
NRO
C%'$% (6,6 3URFHGXUH IRU 'HWHUPLQLQJ WKH
)UDFWXUH %HKDYLRXU RI 0DWHULDOV
"$$%
N!O
L "%"RW 0HWDOOLF 0DWHULDOV 8QLILHG 0HWKRG RI
7HVW IRU 'HWHUPLQDWLRQ RI 4XDVLVWDWLF )UDFWXUH
7RXJKQHVV
L%##%
NWO>? R$$ 6WDQGDUG 7HVW 0HWKRG IRU /LQHDU
(ODVWLF 3ODQH6WUDLQ )UDFWXUH 7RXJKQHVV .,& RI
0HWDOOLF0DWHULDOV>?
%##$
NXO>?"%$#6WDQGDUG7HVW0HWKRGIRU&UDFN7LS
2SHQLQJ'LVSODFHPHQW&72')UDFWXUH7RXJKQHVV
0HDVXUHPHQW>?
%##W
NYOfw w
L "%YRY 0DWHULDOHV 0HWiOLFRV
'HWHUPLQDFLyQ GH OD 5HVLVWHQFLD D )UDFWXUD SRU
'HIRUPDFLyQ3ODQD81(%##X
N\O G G> p0DQXDO RQ (ODVWLF 3ODVWLF )UDFWXUH
/DERUDWRU\ 7HVW 3URFHGXUHV >?
"$$X
ED
D
)LJXUD3UREHWD6XSHUILFLHGHIUDFWXUD
5HJLyQGHOIUHQWHGHJULHWD
ED
D
)LJXUD3UREHWD6XSHUILFLHGHIUDFWXUD
5HJLyQGHOIUHQWHGHJULHWD
ED
D
)LJXUD3UREHWD6XSHUILFLHGHIUDFWXUD
5HJLyQGHOIUHQWHGHJULHWD
&21&/86,21(6
-@
3
D=
-=
D >
P
3 K
B=
D=
D
D
D
BRWWw:@ 3
3&
KB
778