Module 1 @ Personal pronouns and possessive adjectives @ be: positive form Personal Possesshe oncun —_adjective Fm tam {rom Valencia, e 1 my ‘My name's James Taylor You're te yousre) a student you your How ois your car? he's ee corso he his His address is 6 Leyton Avenue a ene the her \What'sher telepnone number? Shes she is) Chinese. « te es fullname the Brtich ai Groadeasting Corporation 80). fhe rom Polane: we our ur children are six nd eight Were te we ore) teaches. years ol, te ie anaes nate ema ssaress? Theyre le they are) tnglcn af (REMEMBER! : form 1 HiS1s roman His oames Paul © be: regetion Saris foremerron Her names anne frm not (1 em nod a student 2 Your's fr simpuor ond purl es ~ eu A: wats your sare? Aldona arent te you rt ot (Ae vnc yours? fe Io od mak He isnt fe hei not) italian ———————— ‘She isn't (x she is ncty ‘satura, @ cand an: indefinite articles with jobs Weisme pittance marcas Wie use 0/2n for jobs Wie oi aii Use an beiere vowels (8 ¢,1,0,0) _amactor an engineer Use a before consonants (5, ¢, gy.) @ doctor « manager They aren't le they re not) | on notiday . @ Capital letters nese negate fers. They mean the same. We use capital teners fo You're not fram Moscoxt =sames ‘Lara Croft Queen Elizabeth HelShenes not Engish = countries China, the United Stores WeiThey’re nat macros = nationalities Brzzlan, Greek 7 — = roads 123 Stamford Road. Fifth Avenue - =towns/cies New York. ants) @ be: questions and short answers cuertins stort anewers ami | here? Ye.yousre Noyueet Module 2 areyou | marca? Yeslam. No, rnnot. tshe | egyptian? Yes, hela Mo, he set © this, that, these and those teshe | anholdoy? Yor, sheik No, se ent Here there vit | srdoye Ves. itin, No, tient Singur this ook that ook, arewe | wenas? Yeswe are. No, we arent paral these foooks} these (books) Are hey | frNewvor? Yas theyare No, they arent tr Toran this indore un These opis are ood ‘Arethese your kon? ‘ito are those people? © Question words wemempeR tthe awn we uesy use eo tyr Winat + your job? nae nome ve teed cndt ons & Faure i viccaretesarhase? ws Theyrondect Whore * Alsi eam be your nae? © Nouns: singular and plural owas | os | ema hele vou? avedicars credncnas +8 ‘who | pon awatch: watches: sesialterch sh. sx 21 bay 3 family fame ‘es (consonant sy ~ les)@ have got 1 Positive, negative and question forms We use ae gor: pottston Ive got crew mocie 1 relonhine ‘ost gol orew stra, They have gotvee chicrn Wie con au have nae af eve go 1¥y soo has tert ve computes Ay choos got entree comnts euisonyve | anew aliphone faa sgot(enave got) | munber, smwvetorm Sashes got ‘has gt) television Upssethey avert got cassette payer (hve nt goo) Nepave frm eihast hast got whas | a mobilephone nat got) ave vou an engin ey Pomugaese ewes | = Hachosbert got | acopiyert vs. vow 1, owe Par wether have ‘ey havent smert —Yos hasheit has. | No. hist hast ‘pewewece oo THe Amercin es -he a) Met got an Araneae res snes 2 We donot se he short im eftheverbim art arses Wws.jhave, to setae Ye hehe 1 Werke 2 Question forms with question words How many | brctnes | has iene ot? what answer | have You gotfor question 2? © Adjectives Adjecives “go before nouns acombrishecar scr ecemaamlannie jonatchange BEES Hor erent Aenetice ond elentstenew matte 2 loinc ond owresoree @ aon with singular nouns anc adjectives 1 le wtea/or + singular nuns 2.0177 of0, a ours, aptote, on ave, on odes, an erat Ibsen) 2 We we a/an + adcives and sings: sane new cor ata ct aroha gl eochar @ Possessive 's and of 1 Wesea person +s or posession Jones bestre ae Diebratnanattone Peres remus eng cor Mylaters come 2. Whe frst nun is pura, the anesthe cores ate he rmypormsthawie = npsaen etches cor munya 2 We usualy ue of befor things cr pacer cure afacer sor scones trecueenotergans sc poner tretoverofionion sor endonnoee © Apostrophes 1 We use apostrophes: 2 wrt ne shor forms of ean as, rts my book ‘shes gt ouster Hesenhoigoy Wer your nae? 1 "To show possesion: Homeanleccher My ceusietschec 2 We do not use apostrophes to show that a noun is plural. ‘ese ore ys. ‘They've gocawo Dawes. questions and short answers (i, you, we, they) cumini Sotavnatny | apr? study aunty? ves, wyouweitey | do Srortanevers we wouwetney | don't (ie tothe a rb ithe srt ne | De yousececteman? —Ye,1d0, sor Verto No. Ident er i aacapeae We use the Present simple: foc chings that ae genesaty/abays ve. De yauwork era. corny? De thy lv thy oly cert? ol know your bre? 1 fori snd wins ‘Do youstudy othe weekend? Do they $000?© Present simple: positive and negative forms Pee tonianey_|nin a4 eet Natio het don't lve in a hat, @ Telling the time ‘After the hour we usps and before the hour we ute (0 305 fe post ae 338. wentyivet four 310 ten pos roe 340 went te eur 315 quarter gost tree 348 quotertofour 320 wert anit ovee 250 tena our 325 wap postinme 385 wero bur 430 haf poctnae We an ales gay rs un (3.10) sre srg ve (98), ———<—, ‘ewenoeR ar on attencidace ——onSundoy in tharmomrg anges inthe cence (crt wectend nvreeveang | Module 4 © Present simple: positive and negative the, she and it) 1 Inthe h/t pesitive farm ofthe Preset simple, ee a's! ote’, Meloes crocote, She notes cogs. opens at he otioce “Toe spelling res for fe, she an it ve le Most veros Ads ethcomes rom the USA. Pood wont new car Endsin a conserant thangey This tine Mesto ” toes Siena Endsim ch, sh, addes Andrew watches 0 lt of a dos. Fron fishes work ots doand go aides wymanoger goes home ot ‘eleven! ot dove of the hauteur, hove os He hae breton t seven 2 We form the negative with does? [= does ne) + veh, se dotsnv ect nea. so: Hrapesreats ‘She oes ke corer, 1 doesn't open on Sundoy er dogs, Postive form Oe ete oes tke (doesnot the) Ngati lorm hein | my Brother ‘oes eat e does ‘ot et ih © Present simple: questions and short answers (he, she and it) 1 We rm be ise Preset spe question wth doe + vets Does eve mh ha poets? va Doth? oes tee cer? Does Copen ae? vn [we win you ‘uestonfoom oes einer | INE Wino vs abet done Short aniwert yo, hehe! doesnt. 2 Notice how we form Hs questions withthe Presen smple What does etsevt Were does on wrattime Goes tie cass Anna @ Adverbs of frequency We use requency adverbs and the Preser simple to sy how oer we do somedhing never_notohen otten aime e semen, wwaty 100) 1 We usvly put the ave before te ves Uy chien Sometimes nck 0 W880 29 Sunday arg weals never goes to schoolen Sotudoy doar ften vise my totrer’ omy ‘dont usualy ide pe 1 We pat the aduar fir ha verde Egan pope ore usw very temo Tre wits xe Sometimes very coke The wearer rt aways good. rmnoteten nome tre evening Module 5 © most, alot of, some, not many) can and con't ‘We use conto say ht it posible fo do something You can rate tran om Fassrgton Sant eotrow ‘We use con't ay iis impossible oo something We can’ ike tx becavse we chy got £29 (Temeune | 4 Wealnys iste ose fm Fever ter ca, Yexean eat ches food nthe cy corr, nor you seme 1 We doa use do odes io mate te question frm, cine ndon wisi sr evvaneos Na a goon veveion wyuneneanery | ens yet) | ct ernatm init ae Cin | ans —| mat seen ten \ } Definite, indefinite and zero articles Indefinite article wi jee man ast with a singular nour to mean “one! We hove area preter, wth hese pases ‘latch engtene Definite article se hes with times of dy. inthe mavningitercon (au at ight wth hese pases, ir the cay core onthersrviet Tero article 240 not use 0 29 oF te: i towns and ces mom besten wth most corres. yon sie rence, (BUT the unease Unied ings, tha Cree eb) wich ty + a ype of transport bybuscortron with imes + day, atonw oveck on Monday vet hese phrases. gotoworex tome most peanle Module 6 @ Countable and uncountabte nouns Countable noun ‘Uscountale noun cams sll apples butter books money cs music | Wecanuse ccurtable now inthe singular o pr. ove yaugat cot Do vou te ote) 2 Uncourtable ours do not havea pl 1e you the clase muses? Nex: A detionary says if 2 nouns countable or uncountable. ‘Remenaen 2 Broa, toes cae mi, ruc. wate cf, ea ere of uncountable, but we cant about piece of brenttazsiale 4 glass of miki acelater © Mere is and There are ‘snguar ‘plural siti Tlie Tage — = joe ommem Steen oven SE TET @ some and any 1 a Weuuse some in the posizive when we don't ray exactly: eve any o how mach or some pres ‘hw’ sme Sapo bred ty ech ‘ithe some cores lose 1b Same a ell nrmber/a snl! amount. Wotice the erence soeorions _e'ecofontns somemoney —_eletofmeney 2 We uly se eyo nn egtives wh pul and recur nous ‘raven gat ow merey =e goto money ‘er aertany eos Thee wenaerals “Wee ait any is «Terie {We usally se anyin questions with plurals and unceumbles fave you got any bro or san ‘etna any bes gh We thersany eit i Sou?Sogou: rat uncountable ccourable noun countablenour —naun © Trerssanapple. Theearesome Theses some soup. ropes, © Trerelarrt bow, There arent any. Thece isnt any water bsses ‘There areno There's no wates asses. © eimerescitema? Arethere any lethere sry money? stops? a REMEMBER! Wah pire ond urcoumtoble nouns 0 We canals use soe thse questions Would you lie some cheseaesleeteraces? ave you got some grapesmeral ier? 1b We usiny use semen ths queston: Can have some wreicakeovanges? © Questions with how much? and how many? | Wevuse how many with countable ura nouns. ow many tratherschienoranges hove you go!” How mony crete des Pou! sake ever Joy> 2 ease how much with uncoumiabie noone How much rcemilcireney hove we got? ow much coffee does Eero drink inc week? 3 How mc how many and there /there oe ‘ie use thre ore with countable sal nouns ‘ie tse theres eth unccurizbie nouns. ‘How mony teachers are ther in your school? 1 There ore chout tuenty, think. ‘How much sugr is therein this coke? 3 okay. Theres rat much. REMENER: | Weusenow much ts ost about paces. | How much sintisihad How much at heyrneserose? ow much does < Verb fit on page 149. We se Past spe ow sbos: 1 hed singe scton in dhe pat ‘My rents met 1940 me ne sartego: 730 a fnhed sate in de past xate hod a hapeychidheod We lived 2590 cy © repeated acuon nthe pas. ‘de dueys telephoned me 20 Vondoy They went sing every doy "When we use the Past simple we offen say the time of the ‘ction: in 1960 ot 720, on MondayD Past time phrases in sven n999 decade inthe 19805 | century nthe 2th century month inhdy from to. ‘orf th compony rom 194 2000 ‘elsion ws from ot rst to ep ( mewewser — | Wedo nor wie orepetion fon tm, wth bn ie waters ein lat gh | yesercoy aru! phovecne yesterday. } Past time phrases with last, yesterday and ago hese ime pvases ave very commer wih the Past imal eerday aes ow her ysterdy so" omen he wer shogcing yesterday moringtaternoon Iney aaron helcey ast weekend. seaneneoans phones me lastnight ago = belo now} They got marie sie months ogo. ‘phoned you abot tree minutes og. 3 ordinal numbers and dates a fist tm = event nd = second 2h = walt eo thee 13h = tient » tours zon twentieth » fe Dist > twee hos gen Zink twentysecond ee ee = eghth Sud = thinythird n= ein att + orier ahs teh N00) + anced ese ordinal numbers: ‘ordaes Decenber 25 December een th lerteosinabuidng: The clstoom s onthe this ow sen agecive ‘Stes Pooc' second wie ypoecar nae 2B Una Module 8 © Past simple: negative Iyoukeshe ent Jone aon cow | a to thepare i ReMeees ease tan the bose eof vrd Feglor ond equ verso re same | eatin gestecping_ tocsheibent shone © Past simple questions (Question orm 2M | rome, | sancti Did sleep nel? Short answers seeneee | te No, Wootwetne didnt SS renee We ror sete ol verb in shor arses Didyouthe Rome? Yes Mies We ididnt vor Hocrsénetie —) | | think o out Anca? liven Sean? work hare ‘gonone? ‘speak to? leave eat? | ver Module 9 © comparative forms of adjectives 1 When we compat oe dings we ue thaw Sor cer than Hurrah tordonis mare expensive tan ancrestr 2-2 Wi alone sable aajctires, we weer + thon ‘is car's cheaper than te other one, Joe stale than fxher. With twoayabe electives thle in. we change yo ler than uty tom Bola than as belo ‘rt The porto the own peti than he new pr. ‘Wah otter enosyale adjectives and dices of thee Cr more ye, we se moe» ect +e, Moons more famous than he hurbord This hop moe expensive than te other cnt reek more sat tan tin 3 Notice hese eg arms. oat This rod beter then wos belore. tid fe worse kody hon ystercoy© Superlative forms of adjectives Wolo operas with e+ active + et totes the oleate ory ‘or the+ mas + adjective "Ths the most expensive rexoure in oun, “The rules ae the same 2s with comparative forms. ‘Atjecive Conparthe Supedatve Spellg rue heap cheaper. the cheapest most one syable acectnes sexiest ice nieer——thericest__axfetvesendingin sat big Digger thebiggest_adectves endingin Corson’ + vowels consonant: double the fina! consonant» evest easy aber theasiest_—_agectnes ending ny change to eviest enous more famous the most most wo sable more fameus acces, and expensive the mest adjectives wih vee expensive ormovesybles: mmoreimost« agecive good beter iret acces ad worse Module 10 © Present continuous 1 Wwe the Present continous to alk about actions appening now. musing he comer one moment ‘Abs here he's working. or around new rere staying nonce ths week 1m reading 0 realy irene 0006 tm fosuvetom | behets ag. you'erteyre met ‘Megatie form | eisheit art playing. Yeuiwertey arent ami uestontonm | ishehest verting? Ave youwervey | eat a Pm nt stemarsmers | res tornertis |, Romner nt | ves jouwettey | No, youwethey 2 Lok at the spling rales forthe sing foes, veo ule most verbs add dng Hes tying 0 Sou atic. ‘eros ending wth-e take amay thee Theyre ig in efng Verbs encing with Geuble theta Sh siting hore. consonant «vowel + consonant consonant 2 Notice how we ute the Present continuous with question words Wat | say tong vine | oe vy | oat See whe you'nertney | taing to? © Present continuous and Present simple 1 We ute ihe Present simple to talk about someting that is aay re ovr comes tom Rome don" speak tusson Wi as we dhe Present spl otk abou habits and outnes, fen wih words Wee norma, usualy sometimes, oe ne tte woteho video ride ght Do younermaty woke 021)? 2 We use te Present continaoos to ak bow something thats happening now or around now. Compare thes pis of semences Jon's phoning his rend. fo) Jon phones hs slnend abou eight mes 0 dog (habit 1m reading ofeteste book tthe momert. cin te preset peed [read tee or four books o weet. f= habit Module 11 @ We use which dere are only afew possible answers. Whichis cote, ooorese, Chess a Englah? Engh, hk? 2 Compound (two-word) questions 1 Wie ean make compoond questions with what and whic, hot kindsortype o! oedc2 youtee? chon Wot time does te wanieare? Al seahty Whee cetours your co? Green Which one do you ke bes” {ret ke se yew one 5 Wie can make compound question with howe ow faris yournametiomtere’ ——_Abautsle mometes ‘How often do y2u hove Eigsh cossee? Tree ues # maak ‘ow long oe your essors? (ne anda hal ours ‘How fost s your computer? Newytost ow much bread rave we get? ie much ow mony cigeretes do ycusmole? — Abaut neo doy ‘how oles your auger? Se wos seve ies: wae (feueuaen ) Weuse how meny x coureebe nouns ardhow much or sneeuntable rn ‘How many peaele oe thre hare? a About 200, Mow mucnumeravewe got! —_s Ony wena. 3 Question words and verb forms We can ave eflerene vet forms wth question words Very good, honk you Matra. we, Sue Tomond Aveur 10 mates How wos youryouney? which cy lo. ke the bes? ow many nares can your? How for do you travel ery doy? @ vefi 1 Zeta article ‘We use ro aricle (no aril) with plaal rounso- wih uncountable nouns. Jore loves elie, ‘Meats geod ir you ‘We vse itto speak about things in genera 2 Indefinite article ‘We use ofem before a ceuntabe singular noun ‘moving i axel in Borge indefinite and zero articles te, aan = one. but we dont know which one. Cer we use a/on when this isthe frst tire we are speaking about something 3 Definite article We use the before nouns when iti lear that she spake is talking about something specific or somettieg which we Kaow. The children orem bee =the children in my tary children: The meat ¢rtote! + we kv which mest (the reat that Lam eating sow) Fv org beck othe hotel soon = we know which hotel becouse ‘we spoke abot it before Module 12 @ Future intentions 1 Going to + verb 2 Weuse going + ver when we ae taling about our plans or enters vere gong to ge: moresnex sures Jane tt going to have poy year D We ont esuay saying ge"= wee astute the Pesens re gig tg outwith be grou ol ends im gentegostecring ose lore mn heshe's seingto | have party rest we yeuwathey're Negative form rm not haere oingo | stay ongne vyeuinatey arent ‘ueson frm ami Ishe se foing ta | ste karan tomerou? severe | Shot aeowers ‘Shor newers 1 an. m ot es, helshe ik te, haste are yourwenney ae youwenney arent 2 Want to + verb; would like to + verb 22 We use wen and woud tie vo ak abou cu wishes Would ies uals more pale. went tesze te marager’ keto bcok 300m, please, te he negative we doit ten use wouldnt keto We prefer dor went ta don't want to go uLtorght wo bane heto peeutsseahs