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Epilepsy

Created by:
Thi Trinh, Alenny Solis, Jennifer Roldan, Kevin
Cuevas, Edward Pluma, Sheldon Sanders, and Vu
Nguyen.

What is Epilepsy?
-

A neurological brain disorder

Almost any disease that affects the


central nervous system is potentially
capable of producing epilepsy

-Most people with epilepsy live a full life


span
-Famous people with EPilepsy

History of Epilepsy
Earliest Recordings

Famous people like Julius Ceasar,


Napoleon, Joan of Arc, and Isaac
Newton had epilepsy.
In the times before Hippocrates
people believed that the disorder
was sent by the gods.
In the Hippocratic times people
believed that epilepsy had a natural
cause.
In the Christian middle ages, people
thought that epilepsy was the work
of the devil, evil spirits and demons.

How it was Cured

Offer sacrifices, take part in


religious acts

Dietetics (structured lifestyle),


herbal medicine

Prayer, Fasting, offering


sacrifices, undergoing
exorcisms

Epilepsy Internationally
Epilepsy is more common in people of
Hispanic Backgrounds than the non-Hispanics
Active Epilepsy is more common in whites than in
blacks
Lifetime Prevalence is higher in blacks than in whites
An estimated 1.5% of Asian Americans are living with
Epilepsy today
CAUSES? unknown, may be related to social and economic
factors.

Types of Epilepsy
Epilepsy Syndrome

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy


Front Lobe Epilepsy
Parietal Lobe Epilepsy
Occipital Lobe Epilepsy
Primary Generalized Epilepsy
Idiopathic Partial Epilepsy
Symptomatic Generalized
Epilepsy
Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy
Reflex Epilepsy

Epilepsy Syndrome in Children

Febrile Seizures
Benign Rolandic Epilepsy
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Infantile Spasms
Lennox- Gastaut Syndrome
Childhood Absence Epilepsy
Benign Occipital Epilepsy
Mitochondrial Disorders
Landau- Kleffner Syndrome
Rasmussen Syndrome
Hypothalamic Hamartoma & Epilepsy

Who does Epilepsy Commonly Affect ?


Epilepsy and seizures can develop in any person at
any age.
More likely for newborns, children
under age 10, and elders to suffer this condition.

Epilepsy does commonly affect those

with history of traumatic brain injury such as


a fall

gunshot wound/blow to the head etc.

2.5 million Americans have this disorder.

Causes of Epilepsy
Main Causes

Low oxygen during birth


Head injuries that occur during birth youth or adulthood
Brain tumors
Genetic conditions that result in brain injuries, such as tuberous sclerosis
Infections such as meningitis or encephalitis
Stroke or any other type of damage to the brain
abnormal levels of substances such as sodium or blood sugar

Types of Seizures
Focal Seizures

starts in & effects


just part of the brain

Generalized Seizures

sometimes called
focus of the seizure
can turn into
generalized seizures

called secondary
seizures

affect both sides of brain at once


can happen without warning

will not remember anything


afterwards
Absence seizures
Myoclonic Seizures
Tonic Seizures
Tonic- Clonic Seizures

person will be unconscious,


even for just few seconds

Symptoms of Epilepsy
SEIZURES are the ONLY SYMPTOM OF EPILEPSY.
Symptoms vary depending on types of seizures
General SYMPTOMS of Seizures are:
Temporary confusion
A staring spell
Uncontrollable jerking movements of arms and legs
Psychic symptoms
Loss of consciousness or awareness

What Happens During a Seizure

Physically

What Happens Mentally.

STEPS:

To Take During An Epileptic Seizure.

Most seizures happen within secs. so you cannot do much other


than make sure person with seizure is ok.

Tonic-clonic seizures are the most dramatic so take

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

PRECAUTION!
Move things out of the way so person wont injure themselves
Loosen any tight clothing around the neck
Place pillow or any alternative under head
Lay him/her on one side
Time the seizure

When to call for ambulance during seizure ?


The person was injured during the
seizure
The person may have inhaled water
Seizure lasted longer than 5 minutes
There is no known history of
seizures

What NOT to do during a Seizure


Do not put anything in persons mouth
Do not try to hold person down
Do not give mouth to mouth resuscitation
until seizure is over
Do not call an ambulance for typical seizure

Treatment of Epilepsy
Surgery

If medications have little to no effect on the


patient then they may consider surgery
Surgery can only be performed if the seizure
focus is identified
There are three main types of surgeries
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS therapy) is
another prevention of seizures that sends
pulses of electrical energy to the brain

Medicine

Medicine is the primary way in which seizures are


controlled and is almost always the main therapy
The most popular medicines are anti-epileptic drugs
(AEDs) or anti-seizure drugs
Its also important that you take your medication
at the right time too.

Dietary Therapy

Dietary therapy isn't as effective as


medications and surgery but it is another
alternative to treat epilepsy
Dietary therapy usually works in conjunction
with seizure medications

Have you ever wondered what it feels like to have a


seizure?
Well youre about to find out
http://www.kongregate.
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Video

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