2U 2U

a
= 2
x 2
t
2

0 < x < U(0,t) = 0 U( ,t) = 0 U(x, 0) = 0

U
t

= Sen(x)
t=0

Como :

U = X ( x ) T (t )
Tendramos que :

U
U
2U
2U

= X T
=
XT
=
X
T
= XT
2
2
x
x
T
t

a 2 X T = XT
X
= 2
X

2
X = X X + 2 X = 0
D2 + 2 X = 0 D2 + 2 = 0

X T
=
= 2
X a 2T

T
= 2
2
aT

2 2
T = a T T + 2 a 2T = 0
D2 + a2 2 T = 0 D2 + a2 2 = 0

D = D = 2
D 2 = a 2 2 D = a 2 2


D = i
D = ai

X ( x ) = c1Sen x + c 2Cos x
T (t ) = c3 Senat + c4Cosa
t


U ( x, t ) = X ( x ) T (t ) U ( x, t ) = ( c1Sen x + c2Cos x ) ( c3Senat + c4Cosat )
2

Como U (0,t) = 0

( c Sen 0 + c Cos 0) = 0 c

(c3Senat + c4Cosat ) 0

U ( ,t) = 0
Como

= 0

U ( ,t) = c1Sen = 0 Para evitar solucin trivial c1 0
( Senn = 0) Sen = Senn



= n
=n


U n ( x, t ) = c1n Sen ( nx ) c3n Sen ( ant ) + c4nCos ( ant )

U ( x,t ) =

n =1

U n ( x,t )

U ( x, t ) = Sen ( nx ) Bn Sen ( ant ) + AnCos ( ant )

n =1

Como U (x,0) = 0 U ( x,0 ) =

n =1

Sen ( nx ) Bn Sen ( an(0) ) + AnCos ( an(0) )

U ( x,0 ) = Sen ( nx ) Bn (0) + An (1) =

n =1

Como

U
t

n =1

Sen ( nx ) An = 0 [ An ] = 0

U ( x, t ) = Sen ( nx ) Bn Sen ( ant ) = Sen ( nx ) Bn anCos ( ant )

t
t
n=1

= Sen(x)
t=0

U
t

t=0

n =1

= Sen(x) = Sen ( nx ) Bn anCos ( an0) = Sen( x)

n =1

Sen ( nx ) Bn an = Sen(x) B1 = a

B = 0
n

U ( x, t ) =

1
( Senx ) ( Senat )
a

n 1

 2 U U
0 < x < L t > 0 U(0,t) = 0 U(L,t) = 0 U(x, 0) = x(L x)
k 2 =
x
t

Como :

U
U
2U
2U

= XT
= XT
= XT
U = X ( x ) T (t )
2
2 = X T
x
x
T
t

Tendramos que :

kX T = XT

X
= 2
X

2
X = X X + 2 X = 0
D2 + 2 X = 0 D2 + 2 = 0

X T
=
= 2
X
kT

T
= 2
kT

T = k 2T T + k 2T = 0


D + k 2 T = 0 D + k 2 = 0

D 2 = 2 D = 2
D = k 2
2

D = i
T ( t ) = c3e k t
X ( x ) = c1Sen x + c 2Cos x


k 2t
U ( x, t ) = X ( x ) T (t ) U ( x, t ) = ( c1Sen x + c2Cos x ) c3e

Como U (0,t) = 0

(c e ) 0 (c Sen 0 + c Cos 0) = 0 c = 0
k 2t

Como U (L,t) = 0

U (L,t) = c1Sen L = 0 Para evitar solucin trivial c1 0

( Senn = 0)

n
=
n = 1,2,3......
L = n
L


2
n2

k 2 t

n
n
x c3n e L = Bn Sen
x
U n ( x, t ) = c1n Sen
L
L

U ( x,t ) =

U ( x, t ) =
n =1

n =1

U n ( x,t )

n
Bn Sen
L

Sen L = Senn

k n2 2 t
e L2

2
n2
k L2 t
x e

Como U (x,0) = x( L x)

U ( x,0 ) =

n =1

k n2 2 0

e L2 = B Sen n x 1 = x(L x)
n

n =1

n
U ( x,0 ) = Bn Sen
x = x(L x)
L

n =1

n
Bn Sen
L

La cual es una expansin en Series de Fourier de Senos en el semintervalo donde el objetivo es

encontrar los coeficientes Bn

2
n
2
n
2
n
Bn = x(L x)Sen
x dx = xLSen
x dx x 2 Sen
x dx
L0
L
L0
L
L0
L
L

U ( x,t ) =

n
Bn Sen
L

n =1

k n2 2 t
e L2 =

n =1

2 L

n
n
x dx Sen
x(L x)Sen
L
L
L 0

k n2 2 t
e L2

Entonces resolviendo la integral

n
2
n
x dx
x 2 Sen
x dx
L
L
L 0

Bn = 2 xSen
0

n
xdx
L
L
n
dv = dx w =
Cos
x
n
L
v=x

dw = Sen

ds = Sen

L
n
L
n
2 L 2
n
2 L
n
Cos
x +2
Cos
x dx +
x Cos
x
2xCos
x dx

n
L 0
n 0
L
L 0 L n 0
L
L n

L

Bn = 2x

n
xdx
L
L
n
dr = 2xdx s =
Cos
x
n
L
r = x2

L
n
L
n
L
n
2 L 2
n
2 L 2
n
2 L
n
Cos
L + 2(0) Cos
0+2
Cos
x dx +
L Cos
L
0 Cos
0
2xCos
x dx

n
L
n
L
n 0
L
L
L n
L
L n 0
L
L n

L

Bn = 2L

L2
L
n
2L2
2
n
n
Bn = 2 (1) + 0 + 2
Cos
x dx +
(1)n 0
2xCos
x dx

n
n 0
L
n 0
L
n

L

L
n
4
n
L L
n L
4
n
Bn = 2
Cos
x dx
xCos
x dx = 2
Cos
x
dx
xCos
x dx

n 0
L
L
n n 0
L n n 0
L
n 0

L

v=x

dv = dx

n
xdx
L
L
n
w=
Sen
x
n
L

dw = Cos

2L2
n
4 L
n
4
n
Bn = 2 2 Sen
x
xSen
x +
Sen
x dx

n
L 0 n n
L 0 n 0
L

L

2L2
n
2L2
n
4 L
n
4 L
n
4
n
Bn = 2 2 Sen
L 2 2 Sen
0
LSen
L+
0Sen
0+
Sen
x dx

n
L
n
L n n
L
n n
L
n 0
L

L

4
n
4L
n n
4L
n
4L
n
4L
n
Sen
x dx =
Sen
x
dx = 2 2 Cos
x = 2 2 Cos
L + 2 2 Cos
0

n 0
L
n n 0
L L
n
L 0
n
L
n
L
4L
4L
4L
4L
4L
4L
Bn = 2 2 Cosn + 2 2 Cos0 = 2 2 (1)n + 2 2 (1) = 2 2 (1)n + 1 = 2 2 1 (1)n
n
n
n
n
n
n

4L
n
Bn = 2 2 1 (1)
n

L

Bn =

U ( x, t ) =
n =1

n
Bn Sen
L

n
k 2
x e L

U ( x,t ) =

U ( x, t ) = 4L 1 (1) n Sen n
2 2
L

n
n =1

2
n2
n k L2 t
4L
n
1 (1) Sen
x e
L

n2 2

n =1

2
n2
k L2 t
x e