Book Condensed Hydraulic

Condensed
Hydraulic
Data
Cornell Pump Company
Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book
CONDENSED
HYDRAULIC DATA
BOOK
CORNELL PUMP COMPANY

P.O. Box 6334
Portland, Oregon 97228-6334
Phone: 503-653-0330
Fax: 503-653-0338
Web: www.cornellpump.com
8/7/07
10:04 AM
Page 1
Cndnsd Hydrlc Dta Bk.eps:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book
Pumps
for Clear Liquid and
Solids Handling Applications
CORNELL PUMPS
available in a variety of configurations
to meet your special needs!
Horizontal Close-Coupled
Vertical Coupled and Close-Coupled
Horizontal and Vertical Frame
S.A.E. Engine Mount
Redi-Prime Self Priming Pumps
Hydro & Energy Recovery Turbines
Discharge Sizes to 30"
Efficient by Design
1/24/08
11:01 AM
Page 2
CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

WATER DATA
General Information on Water
Specific gravity of water is usually given as 1.0 at 60F. However, for
some purposes it is given as 1.0 at 39.2F; the point of maximum
density. Based on water at 39.2F as 1.0, water at 60F has a specific
gravity of .999. Therefore it makes no practical difference which base
is selected.
Viscosity of water varies as follows:

32F
Absolute visc. 1.79
centipoise
Kinematic visc. 1.79
centistokes
50F
1.31
60F 70F
1.12 0.98
80F 100F 120F 140F 160F 180F 212F

0.86 0.68 0.56 0.47 0.40 0.35 0.28
1.31
1.12 0.98
0.86
0.69
0.57
0.48
0.41
0.36
0.29
Weight and Volume Equivalents:

Convert
to
Convert
from
U.S. Gallons
Imperial Gallon
Cubic Inch
Cubic Foot
Pound*
Cwt (U.S.)*
Ton (U.S.)*
Liter
Cubic Meter
U.S. Imperial Cubic

Gallons Gallons Inch
1.0
1.201
.004329
7.4805
.1198
11.98
239.6
.2642
264.2
.8327
1.0
.003607
6.232
.0998
9.98
199.6
.22
220.0
231.
277.41
1.0
1728.0
27.68
2768.0
61.023
Cubic
Foot
Pound
.13368
.1605
.000579
1.0
.01602
1.602
32.04
.0353
35.314
8.345
10.02
.036124
62.425
1.0
100.0
2000.0
2.205
2204.5
Cwt
(U.S.)
.08345
.1002
.6243
.01
1.0
20.0
.022
22.045
Ton
(U.S.)
.00418
.00502
.03121
.0005
.05
1.0
.0011
1.102
Liter
Cubic
Meter
3.785
4.546
.0164
28.317
.454
45.36
906.9
1.0
1000.0
.00378
.00455
.0283
.0454
.907
.001
1.0
*Volume weight relationships for water at greatest density (39.2F).
1 Second-Foot (cu.ft. per sec.) of Water = 448.83 GPM

Barrels per day (42 gal) x .02917 = gal. per min.
Pressure, Lb. per Sq. In. to Feet (head) of Water
ft. = 2.31 x lb./sq. in.
Pressure, Feet (head) of Water to Lb. per Sq. In.
lb./sq. in. = .4331 x ft.
Inches of Mercury (at 32F) to Feet of Water (at 39.2F)
ft. = 1.133 x in. hg.
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 3

WATER DATA
FRICTION LOSSES IN PIPES CARRYING WATER
Among the many empirical formulas for friction losses that have
been proposed, that of Hazen and Williams has been most widely
used. It states that:
100 1.85 q1.85
f = 0.2083
C
d4.8655
()
Where:
f = friction head in feet of liquid
d = inside dia. of pipe in inches
per 100 feet of pipe (if desired q = flow in gallons per minute
in lbs. per sq. in. multiply
C = constant accounting for
f x .433 x sp. gr.)
surface roughness
This formula gives accurate values only when the kinematic
viscosity of the liquids is about 1.1 centistokes or 31.5 SSU, which
is the case with water at about 60F. But the viscosity of water
varies with the temperature, from 1.8 at 32F, to .29 centistokes at
212F. The tables are therefore subject to this error, which may
increase the friction loss as much as 20% at 32F and decrease it
as much as 20% at 212F. Note that the tables may be used for
any liquid having a viscosity of the same order as indicated above.
Values of C for various types of pipe are given below with the
corresponding multiplier which should apply to the tabulated
values of the head loss - f, as given on pages 6 to 22.
Values of C
Range
Average
Commonly
(High = best,
value
used
smooth,
for good,
value
well-laid)
clean
for
(Low = poor
new
design
to corroded)
pipe
purposes
160 - 140
150
140
150
140
TYPE OF PIPE
Cement-asbestos
Fibre
Bitumastic-enamel-lined iron or steel
centrifugally applied
160 - 130
148
Cement-lined iron or steel centrifugally applied
150
Copper, brass, lead, tin or glass pipe and tubing
150 - 120
140
Wood-stave
145 - 110
120
Welded and seamless steel
150 - 80
140
Continuous-interior riveted steel (no projecting
rivets or joints)
139
Wrought-iron
150 - 80
130
Cast-iron
150 - 80
130
Tar-coated cast-iron
145 - 80
130
Girth-riveted steel (projecting rivets in girth seams only)
130
Concrete
152 - 85
120
Full-riveted steel (projecting rivets in girth and
horizontal seams only)
115
Vitrified
110
Spiral-riveted steel (flow with lap)
110
Spiral-riveted steel (flow against lap)
100
Corrugated steel
60
Value of C
150 140 130 120 110 100 90
80
Multiplier to correct tables 0.47 0.54 0.62 0.71 0.84 1.0 1.22 1.50
140
140
130
110
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90
60
70
60
1.93 2.57
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 4

WATER DATA
Friction Losses in Pipe; C = 100 (for old pipe)*
.12 INCH
FLOW
(US GPM)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
STANDARD WEIGHT STEEL

.269" Inside Diameter
Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
(ft./sec.) Head (feet) (ft./100 ft.)
0.565
0.00
1.75
1.13
0.02
6.31
1.69
0.04
13.40
2.26
0.08
22.80
2.83
0.12
34.40
3.39
0.18
48.20
3.95
0.24
64.10
4.52
0.32
82.00
5.08
0.40
102.00
5.65
0.50
124.00
EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
(ft./sec.) Head (feet) (ft./100ft.)
0.884
0.01
5.21
1.77
0.05
18.80
2.65
0.11
39.80
3.54
0.19
67.70
4.42
0.30
102.00
5.32
0.44
147.00
6.29
0.61
191.00
7.08
0.78
244.00
7.96
0.98
303.00
8.84
1.21
369.00
.25 INCH
FLOW
(US GPM)
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.5

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
1.23
0.02
5.22
1.85
0.05
11.10
2.47
0.09
18.80
3.08
0.15
28.50
3.71
0.21
39.90
4.33
0.29
53.00
4.94
0.38
67.90
5.55
0.48
84.40
6.17
0.59
103.00
7.71
0.92
155.00
EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
1.79
0.05
13.00
2.69
0.11
27.40
3.59
0.20
46.70
4.48
0.31
70.60
5.38
0.45
98.90
6.27
0.61
132.00
7.17
0.80
168.00
8.07
1.01
209.00
8.96
1.25
254.00
11.20
1.95
385.00
.38 INCH
FLOW
(US GPM)
0.8
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
5.0
6.0

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
1.35
0.03
4.30
1.68
0.04
6.50
2.52
0.10
13.80
3.36
0.18
23.40
4.21
0.28
35.40
5.05
0.40
49.60
5.89
0.54
66.00
6.73
0.70
84.50
8.41
1.10
134.00
10.10
1.58
179.00
* For new pipe, multiply head loss figures by 0.54
EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
1.83
0.05
9.07
2.28
0.08
13.70
3.43
0.18
29.00
4.57
0.32
49.40
5.71
0.51
74.60
6.85
0.73
105.00
8.00
0.99
139.00
9.14
1.30
178.00
11.40
2.00
269.00
13.70
2.90
377.00
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 5

WATER DATA
.5 INCH
FLOW
(US GPM)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
0.528
0.00
0.582
1.06
0.02
2.10
1.58
0.04
4.44
2.11
0.07
7.57
2.64
0.11
11.40
3.17
0.16
16.00
3.70
0.21
21.30
4.23
0.28
27.30
4.75
0.35
33.90
5.28
0.43
41.20
5.81
0.52
49.20
6.34
0.62
57.80
6.87
0.73
67.00
7.39
0.85
76.80
7.92
0.97
87.30
8.45
1.11
98.30
8.98
1.25
110.00
9.51
1.40
122.00
10.00
1.60
135.00
10.60
1.70
149.00
EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
0.686
0.01
1.10
1.37
0.03
3.96
2.06
0.07
8.38
2.74
0.12
14.30
3.43
0.18
21.60
4.11
0.26
30.20
4.80
0.36
40.20
5.48
0.47
51.40
6.17
0.59
64.00
6.86
0.73
77.70
7.54
0.88
92.70
8.23
1.05
109.00
8.91
1.23
126.00
9.60
1.43
145.00
10.30
1.60
165.00
11.00
1.90
185.00
11.60
2.10
207.00
12.30
2.40
231.00
13.00
2.60
255.00
13.70
2.90
280.00
.75 INCH
FLOW
(US GPM) Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
1.5
0.903
0.01
1.13
2.0
1.20
0.02
1.93
2.5
1.51
0.04
2.91
3.0
1.81
0.05
4.08
3.5
2.11
0.07
5.42
4.0
2.41
0.09
6.94
4.5
2.71
0.11
8.63
5.0
3.01
0.14
10.50
6.0
3.61
0.20
14.70
7.0
4.21
0.28
19.60
8.0
4.82
0.36
25.00
9.0
5.42
0.46
31.10
10.0
6.02
0.56
37.80
11.0
6.62
0.68
45.10
12.0
7.22
0.81
53.00
13.0
7.82
0.95
61.50
14.0
8.43
1.10
70.50
16.0
9.63
1.44
90.20
18.0
10.80
1.80
112.00
20.0
12.00
2.20
136.00
EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
1.11
0.02
1.88
1.48
0.03
3.21
1.86
0.05
4.85
2.23
0.08
6.79
2.60
0.11
9.03
2.97
0.14
11.60
3.34
0.17
14.40
3.71
0.21
17.50
4.45
0.31
24.50
5.20
0.42
32.60
5.94
0.55
41.70
6.68
0.69
51.80
7.42
0.86
63.00
8.17
1.04
75.10
8.91
1.23
88.30
9.63
1.44
102.00
10.40
1.70
117.00
11.90
2.20
150.00
13.40
2.80
187.00
14.80
3.40
227.00
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 6

WATER DATA
1 INCH
FLOW
(US GPM)
0.1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
35
40
45

1.049" Inside Diameter
Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
0.565
0.00
1.75
0.742
0.01
0.595
1.11
0.02
1.26
1.49
0.03
2.14
1.86
0.05
3.24
2.23
0.08
4.54
2.97
0.14
7.73
3.71
0.21
11.70
4.46
0.31
16.40
5.20
0.42
21.80
5.94
0.55
27.90
6.68
0.69
34.70
7.43
0.86
42.10
8.17
1.04
50.20
8.91
1.23
59.00
9.66
1.45
68.40
10.40
1.70
78.50
11.10
1.90
89.20
13.00
2.60
119.00
14.90
3.50
152.00
16.70
4.30
189.00
EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
0.884
0.01
5.21
0.892
0.01
0.93
1.34
0.03
1.97
1.79
0.05
3.28
2.23
0.08
5.07
2.68
0.11
7.10
3.57
0.20
12.10
4.46
0.31
18.30
5.36
0.45
25.60
6.25
0.61
34.00
7.14
0.79
43.60
8.03
1.00
54.20
8.92
1.24
65.80
9.82
1.50
78.50
10.70
1.80
94.40
11.60
2.10
107.00
12.50
2.40
123.00
13.40
2.80
139.00
15.60
3.80
185.00
17.90
5.00
237.00
20.10
6.30
295.00
1.25 INCH
EXTRA STRONG STEEL
FLOW
(US GPM) Velocity
Velocity Head Loss Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
(ft./sec.) Head (feet) (ft./100 ft.) (ft./sec.) Head (feet) (ft./100ft.)
4
0.86
0.01
0.564
1.00
0.02
0.821
5
1.07
0.02
0.853
1.25
0.02
1.24
6
1.29
0.03
1.20
1.50
0.04
1.74
7
1.50
0.04
1.59
1.75
0.05
2.31
8
1.72
0.05
2.04
2.00
0.06
2.96
10
2.15
0.07
3.08
2.50
0.10
4.47
12
2.57
0.10
4.31
3.00
0.14
6.26
14
3.00
0.14
5.73
3.50
0.19
8.33
16
3.43
0.18
7.34
4.00
0.25
10.70
18
3.86
0.23
9.13
4.50
0.31
13.30
20
4.29
0.29
11.10
5.00
0.39
16.10
25
5.36
0.45
16.80
6.25
0.61
24.90
30
6.43
0.64
23.50
7.50
0.87
34.10
35
7.51
0.88
31.20
8.75
1.19
45.40
40
8.58
1.14
40.00
10.00
1.60
58.10
50
10.70
1.80
60.40
12.50
2.40
87.80
60
12.90
2.60
84.70
15.00
3.50
123.00
70
15.00
3.50
114.00
17.50
4.80
184.00
80
17.20
4.60
144.00
20.00
6.20
209.00
90
19.30
5.80
179.00
22.50
7.90
260.00
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 7

WATER DATA
1.5 INCH
EXTRA STRONG STEEL
FLOW
(US GPM) Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
4
0.63
0.01
0.267
0.73
0.01
0.376
5
0.79
0.01
0.403
0.91
0.01
0.569
6
0.95
0.01
0.565
1.09
0.02
0.797
7
1.10
0.02
0.751
1.27
0.03
1.06
8
1.26
0.02
0.962
1.45
0.03
1.36
9
1.42
0.03
1.20
1.63
0.04
1.69
10
1.58
0.04
1.45
1.82
0.05
2.05
12
1.89
0.06
2.04
2.18
0.07
2.87
14
2.21
0.08
2.71
2.54
0.10
3.82
16
2.52
0.10
3.47
2.90
0.13
4.89
18
2.84
0.13
4.31
3.27
0.17
6.08
20
3.15
0.15
5.24
3.63
0.20
7.39
22
3.47
0.19
6.25
3.99
0.25
8.82
24
3.78
0.22
7.34
4.36
0.30
10.40
26
4.10
0.26
8.51
4.72
0.35
12.00
28
4.41
0.30
9.76
5.08
0.40
13.80
30
4.73
0.35
11.10
5.45
0.46
15.70
32
5.04
0.39
12.50
5.81
0.52
17.60
34
5.36
0.45
14.00
6.17
0.59
19.70
36
5.67
0.50
15.50
6.54
0.66
21.90
38
5.99
0.56
17.20
6.90
0.74
24.20
40
6.30
0.62
18.90
7.26
0.82
26.70
42
6.62
0.68
20.70
7.63
0.90
29.20
44
6.93
0.75
22.50
7.99
0.99
31.80
46
7.25
0.82
24.50
8.35
1.08
34.50
48
7.57
0.89
27.10
8.72
1.18
37.30
50
7.88
0.97
28.50
9.08
1.28
40.30
55
8.67
1.17
34.00
9.99
1.55
49.00
60
9.46
1.39
40.00
10.90
1.80
56.40
65
10.20
1.60
46.40
11.80
2.20
65.40
70
11.00
1.90
53.20
12.70
2.50
75.00
75
11.80
2.20
60.40
13.60
2.90
85.30
80
12.60
2.50
68.10
14.50
3.30
96.10
85
13.40
2.80
76.20
15.40
3.70
107.00
90
14.20
3.10
84.70
16.30
4.10
119.00
95
15.00
3.50
93.60
17.20
4.60
132.00
100
15.80
3.90
103.00
18.20
5.10
145.00
110
17.30
4.70
123.00
20.00
6.20
173.00
120
18.90
5.60
144.00
21.80
7.40
203.00
130
20.50
6.50
167.00
23.60
8.70
236.00
140
22.10
7.60
192.00
25.40
10.00
271.00
150
23.60
8.70
218.00
27.20
11.50
308.00
160
25.20
9.90
245.00
29.00
13.10
346.00
170
26.80
11.20
275.00
30.90
14.80
387.00
180
28.40
12.50
305.00
32.70
16.60
431.00
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 8

WATER DATA
2 INCH
EXTRA STRONG STEEL
FLOW
(US GPM) Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
5
0.48
0.00
0.120
0.54
0.00
0.163
6
0.57
0.01
0.167
0.65
0.01
0.229
7
0.67
0.01
0.223
0.76
0.01
0.304
8
0.77
0.01
0.285
0.87
0.01
0.389
9
0.86
0.01
0.355
0.98
0.01
0.484
10
0.96
0.01
0.431
1.09
0.02
0.588
12
1.15
0.02
0.604
1.30
0.03
0.824
14
1.34
0.03
0.803
1.52
0.04
1.10
16
1.53
0.04
1.03
1.74
0.05
1.40
18
1.72
0.05
1.28
1.96
0.06
1.74
20
1.91
0.06
1.55
2.17
0.07
2.12
22
2.10
0.07
1.85
2.39
0.09
2.53
24
2.29
0.08
2.18
2.61
0.11
2.97
26
2.49
0.10
2.52
2.83
0.12
3.44
28
2.68
0.11
2.89
3.04
0.14
3.95
30
2.87
0.13
3.29
3.26
0.17
4.49
35
3.35
0.17
4.37
3.80
0.22
5.97
40
3.82
0.23
5.60
4.35
0.29
7.64
45
4.30
0.29
6.96
4.89
0.37
9.50
50
4.78
0.36
8.46
5.43
0.46
11.50
55
5.26
0.43
10.10
5.98
0.56
13.70
60
5.74
0.51
11.90
6.52
0.66
16.20
65
6.21
0.60
13.70
7.06
0.77
18.80
70
6.69
0.70
15.80
7.61
0.90
21.50
75
7.17
0.80
17.90
8.15
1.03
24.50
80
7.65
0.91
20.20
8.69
1.17
27.60
85
8.13
1.03
22.60
9.03
1.27
30.80
90
8.61
1.15
25.10
9.78
1.49
34.30
95
9.08
1.28
27.70
10.30
1.60
37.90
100
9.56
1.42
30.50
10.90
1.80
41.60
110
10.50
1.70
36.40
12.00
2.20
49.70
120
11.50
2.10
42.70
13.00
2.60
58.30
130
12.40
2.40
49.60
14.10
3.10
67.70
140
13.40
2.80
56.90
15.20
3.60
77.60
150
14.30
3.20
64.70
16.30
4.10
88.40
160
15.30
3.60
72.80
17.40
4.70
99.30
170
16.30
4.19
81.40
18.50
5.30
111.00
180
17.20
4.60
90.50
19.60
6.00
124.00
190
18.20
5.10
100.00
20.60
6.60
137.00
200
19.10
5.70
110.00
21.70
7.30
150.00
220
21.00
6.80
131.00
23.90
8.90
179.00
240
22.90
8.20
154.00
26.10
10.60
210.00
260
24.90
9.60
179.00
28.30
12.40
244.00
280
26.80
11.20
205.00
30.40
14.40
280.00
300
28.70
12.80
233.00
32.60
16.50
318.00
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 9

WATER DATA
2.5 INCH
EXTRA STRONG STEEL
FLOW
(US GPM) Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
8
0.54
0.00
0.120
0.61
0.01
0.163
10
0.67
0.01
0.182
0.76
0.01
0.244
12
0.80
0.01
0.254
0.91
0.01
0.342
14
0.94
0.01
0.338
1.06
0.02
0.455
16
1.07
0.02
0.433
1.21
0.02
0.583
18
1.21
0.02
0.538
1.36
0.03
0.724
20
1.34
0.03
0.654
1.51
0.04
0.88
22
1.47
0.03
0.780
1.67
0.04
1.05
24
1.61
0.04
0.917
1.82
0.05
1.23
26
1.74
0.05
1.06
1.97
0.06
1.43
28
1.88
0.05
1.22
2.12
0.07
1.64
30
2.01
0.06
1.39
2.27
0.08
1.86
35
2.35
0.09
1.84
2.65
0.11
2.48
40
2.68
0.11
2.36
3.03
0.14
3.17
45
3.02
0.14
2.93
3.41
0.18
3.95
50
3.35
0.17
3.56
3.79
0.22
4.79
55
3.69
0.21
4.24
4.16
0.27
5.71
60
4.02
0.25
4.99
4.54
0.32
6.72
65
4.36
0.30
5.79
4.92
0.38
7.79
70
4.69
0.34
6.64
5.30
0.44
8.94
75
5.03
0.39
7.55
5.68
0.50
10.20
80
5.36
0.45
8.50
6.05
0.57
11.40
85
5.70
0.50
9.51
6.43
0.64
12.80
90
6.03
0.57
10.60
6.81
0.72
13.90
95
6.37
0.63
11.70
7.19
0.80
15.70
100
6.70
0.70
12.80
7.57
0.89
17.30
110
7.37
0.84
15.30
8.33
1.08
20.60
120
8.04
1.00
18.00
9.08
1.28
24.20
130
8.71
1.18
20.90
9.84
1.50
28.10
140
9.38
1.37
23.90
10.60
1.70
32.20
150
10.00
1.60
27.30
11.30
2.00
36.70
160
10.70
1.80
30.70
12.10
2.30
41.20
170
11.40
2.00
34.30
12.90
2.60
46.10
180
12.10
2.30
38.10
13.60
2.90
51.30
190
12.70
2.50
42.10
14.40
3.20
56.70
200
13.40
2.80
46.30
15.10
3.50
62.30
220
14.70
3.40
55.30
16.70
4.30
74.30
240
16.10
4.00
66.40
18.20
5.10
87.30
260
17.40
4.70
75.30
19.70
6.00
101.00
280
18.80
5.50
86.30
21.20
7.00
116.00
300
20.10
6.30
98.10
22.70
8.00
132.00
350
23.50
8.60
130.00
26.50
10.90
175.00
400
26.80
11.20
167.00
30.30
14.30
225.00
450
30.20
14.20
208.00
34.10
18.10
279.00
500
33.50
17.40
252.00
37.90
22.30
340.00
10
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 10

WATER DATA
3 INCH
CAST IRON
3.0" Inside dia.
FLOW
Velo- Velo- Head
(US GPM) city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
10
0.45
0.00 0.070
15
0.68
0.01 0.149
20
0.91
0.01 0.254
25
1.13
0.02 0.383
30
1.36
0.03 0.537
35
1.59
0.04 0.714
40
1.82
0.05 0.914
45
2.04
0.06
1.14
50
2.27
0.08
1.38
55
2.50
0.10
1.64
60
2.72
0.12
1.94
65
2.95
0.14
2.24
70
3.18
0.16
2.57
75
3.40
0.18
2.92
80
3.63
0.20
3.30
85
3.86
0.23
3.69
90
4.09
0.26
4.10
95
4.31
0.29
4.53
100
4.54
0.32
4.98
110
4.99
0.39
5.94
120
5.45
0.46
6.98
130
5.90
0.54
8.09
140
6.35
0.63
9.28
150
6.81
0.72 10.60
160
7.26
0.82 11.90
180
8.16
1.03 14.80
200
9.08
1.28 18.00
220
9.99
1.55 21.40
240
10.90 1.80 25.20
260
11.80 2.20 29.20
280
12.70 2.50 33.50
300
13.60 2.90 38.00
320
14.50 3.30 42.80
340
15.40 3.70 47.90
360
16.30 4.10 53.30
380
17.30 4.60 58.90
400
18.20 5.10 64.70
420
19.10 5.70 70.80
440
20.00 6.20 77.20
460
20.90 6.80 83.80
480
21.80 7.40 90.70
500
22.70 8.00 97.80
550
25.00 9.70 117.00
600
27.20 11.50 137.00
650
29.50 13.50 159.00
STD. WT. STEEL

3.068" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.43
0.00 0.063
0.65
0.01 0.134
0.87
0.01 0.227
1.09
0.02 0.344
1.30
0.03 0.481
1.52
0.04
0.64
1.74
0.05
0.82
1.95
0.06
1.02
2.17
0.07
1.24
2.39
0.09
1.47
2.60
0.11
1.74
2.82
0.12
2.01
3.04
0.14
2.31
3.25
0.16
2.62
3.47
0.19
2.96
3.69
0.21
3.31
3.91
0.24
3.67
4.12
0.26
4.06
4.34
0.29
4.47
4.77
0.35
5.33
5.21
0.42
6.26
5.64
0.49
7.26
6.08
0.57
8.32
6.51
0.66
9.48
6.94
0.75 10.70
7.81
0.95 13.20
8.68
1.17 16.10
9.55
1.42 19.20
10.40 1.70 22.60
11.30 2.00 26.20
12.20 2.30 30.00
13.00 2.60 34.10
13.90 3.00 38.40
14.80 3.40 43.00
15.60 3.80 47.80
16.50 4.20 52.80
17.40 4.70 58.00
18.20 5.10 63.50
19.10 5.70 69.20
20.00 6.20 75.30
20.80 6.70 81.30
21.70 7.30 87.70
23.90 8.90 105.00
26.00 10.50 123.00
28.20 12.40 143.00
11
EX. STRONG STEEL

2.9" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.49
0.00 0.083
0.73
0.01 0.176
0.97
0.02 0.299
1.21
0.02 0.452
1.45
0.03 0.633
1.70
0.04 0.842
1.94
0.06
1.08
2.18
0.07
1.34
2.43
0.09
1.63
2.67
0.11
1.94
2.91
0.13
2.28
3.16
0.15
2.65
3.40
0.18
3.04
3.64
0.21
3.45
3.88
0.23
3.89
4.12
0.26
4.35
4.37
0.29
4.83
4.61
0.33
5.34
4.85
0.36
5.87
5.33
0.44
7.01
5.81
0.52
8.23
6.30
0.62
9.54
6.79
0.71 10.90
7.28
0.82 12.50
7.76
0.93 14.00
8.72
1.01 17.40
9.70
1.46 21.20
10.70 1.78 25.30
11.60 2.07 29.70
12.60 2.46 34.40
13.60 2.88 39.50
14.50 3.26 44.80
15.50 3.77 50.50
16.50 4.22 56.50
17.50 4.73 62.80
18.40 5.27 69.40
19.40 5.81 76.30
20.40 6.43 83.50
21.40 7.13 91.10
22.30 7.75 98.90
23.30 8.37 107.00
24.20 9.15 115.00
26.70 11.10 138.00
29.10 13.10 162.00
31.60 15.50 187.00
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 11

WATER DATA
3.5 INCH
CAST IRON
3.5" Inside dia.
FLOW
Velo- Velo- Head
(US GPM) city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
15
0.50
0.00 0.061
20
0.67
0.01 0.120
25
0.84
0.01 0.181
30
1.00
0.02 0.254
35
1.17
0.02 0.337
40
1.34
0.03 0.432
45
1.51
0.04 0.537
50
1.67
0.04 0.653
60
2.01
0.06 0.914
70
2.34
0.09
1.22
80
2.68
0.11
1.56
90
3.01
0.14
1.94
100
3.33
0.17
2.35
110
3.68
0.21
2.81
120
4.02
0.25
3.30
130
4.35
0.29
3.82
140
4.68
0.34
4.38
150
5.02
0.39
4.99
160
5.35
0.44
5.61
170
5.69
0.50
6.28
180
6.02
0.56
6.98
190
6.35
0.63
7.71
200
6.69
0.70
8.48
220
7.35
0.84 10.10
240
8.03
1.00 11.90
260
8.70
1.18 13.80
280
9.36
1.36 15.80
300
10.00 1.55 18.00
320
10.70 1.80 20.20
340
11.40 2.00 22.60
360
12.00 2.20 25.20
380
12.70 2.50 27.80
400
13.40 2.80 30.60
420
14.00 3.10 33.50
440
14.70 3.40 36.50
460
15.40 3.70 39.60
480
16.10 4.00 42.80
500
16.70 4.30 46.20
550
18.40 5.30 55.10
600
20.10 6.30 64.70
650
21.80 7.40 75.10
700
23.40 8.50 86.10
750
25.10 9.80 97.80
800
26.80 11.20 110.00
850
28.40 12.50 123.00
STD. WT. STEEL

3.548" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.49
0.00 0.058
0.65
0.01
0.112
0.81
0.01 0.169
0.97
0.01 0.237
1.14
0.02 0.316
1.30
0.03 0.404
1.46
0.03 0.503
1.62
0.04
0.611
1.95
0.06 0.856
2.27
0.08
1.14
2.60
0.11
1.46
2.92
0.13
1.81
3.25
0.16
2.20
3.57
0.20
2.63
3.99
0.25
3.08
4.22
0.28
3.58
4.54
0.32
4.10
4.87
0.37
4.67
5.19
0.42
5.25
5.52
0.47
5.85
5.85
0.53
6.53
6.17
0.59
7.22
6.50
0.66
7.94
7.14
0.79
9.47
7.79
0.94
11.10
8.44
1.11
12.90
9.09
1.28 14.80
9.74
1.47 16.80
10.40 1.70 18.90
11.00 1.90 21.20
11.70 2.10 23.50
12.30 2.40 26.00
13.00 2.60 28.60
13.60 2.90 31.30
14.30 3.20 34.10
14.90 3.50 37.10
15.60 3.80 40.10
16.20 4.10 43.30
17.90 5.00 51.60
19.50 5.90 60.60
21.10 6.90 70.20
22.70 8.00 80.60
24.40 9.30 91.50
26.00 10.50 103.00
27.60 11.80 115.00
EX. STRONG STEEL

3.364" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.54
0.00 0.075
0.72
0.01 0.145
0.90
0.01 0.220
1.08
0.02 0.308
1.26
0.02 0.409
1.44
0.03 0.524
1.63
0.04 0.651
1.80
0.05 0.791
2.17
0.07
1.11
2.53
0.10
1.47
2.89
0.13
1.89
3.25
0.16
2.35
3.61
0.20
2.85
3.97
0.24
3.40
4.33
0.29
4.00
4.69
0.34
4.64
5.05
0.40
5.32
5.41
0.45
6.05
5.78
0.52
6.81
6.14
0.59
7.61
6.50
0.66
8.46
6.85
0.73
9.35
7.22
0.81 10.30
7.94
0.98 12.30
8.66
1.17 14.40
9.38
1.37 16.70
10.10 1.60 19.20
10.80 1.80 21.80
11.50 2.10 24.50
12.30 2.40 27.40
13.00 2.60 30.50
13.70 2.90 33.70
14.40 3.20 37.10
15.20 3.60 40.60
15.90 3.90 44.20
16.60 4.30 48.00
17.30 4.70 51.90
18.10 5.10 56.00
19.90 6.20 66.80
21.70 7.30 78.50
23.50 8.60 91.00
25.30 9.40 104.00
27.10 11.40 119.00
28.90 13.00 131.00
30.70 14.60 150.00
The National Bureau of Standards has recommended the elimination of this pipe size.
* For new pipe, multiply head loss
figures by 0.54
12
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 12

WATER DATA
4 INCH
CAST IRON
4.0" Inside dia.
FLOW
Velo- Velo- Head
(US GPM) city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
20
0.51
0.00 0.063
30
0.77
0.01 0.132
40
1.02
0.02 0.226
50
1.28
0.03 0.341
60
1.53
0.04 0.477
70
1.79
0.05 0.635
80
2.04
0.06 0.813
90
2.30
0.08
1.01
100
2.55
0.10
1.23
110
2.81
0.12
1.47
120
3.06
0.15
1.72
130
3.32
0.17
2.00
140
3.57
0.20
2.29
150
3.83
0.23
2.61
160
4.08
0.26
2.93
170
4.34
0.29
3.28
180
4.60
0.33
3.64
190
4.86
0.37
4.03
200
5.11
0.41
4.43
220
5.62
0.49
5.28
240
6.13
0.58
6.21
260
6.64
0.69
7.20
280
7.15
0.79
8.25
300
7.66
0.91
9.38
320
8.17
1.04 10.60
340
8.68
1.17 11.80
360
9.19
1.31 13.10
380
9.70
1.46 14.50
400
10.20 1.60 16.00
420
10.70 1.80 17.50
440
11.20 1.90 19.00
460
11.70 2.10 20.70
480
12.30 2.30 22.40
500
12.80 2.50 24.10
550
14.00 3.00 28.80
600
15.30 3.60 33.80
650
16.60 4.30 39.20
700
17.90 5.00 45.00
750
19.20 5.70 51.10
800
20.40 6.50 57.60
850
21.70 7.30 64.40
900
23.00 8.20 71.60
950
24.30 9.20 79.10
1000
25.50 10.10 87.00
1100
28.10 12.30 104.00
STD. WT. STEEL

4.026" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.50
0.00 0.061
0.76
0.01 0.128
1.01
0.02 0.219
1.26
0.03 0.330
1.51
0.04 0.463
1.76
0.05 0.615
2.02
0.06 0.788
2.27
0.08
0.98
2.52
0.10
1.19
2.77
0.12
1.42
3.02
0.14
1.67
3.28
0.17
1.93
3.53
0.19
2.22
3.78
0.22
2.53
4.03
0.25
2.84
4.29
0.29
3.18
4.54
0.32
3.53
4.79
0.36
3.90
5.05
0.40
4.29
5.55
0.48
5.12
6.05
0.57
6.01
6.55
0.67
6.97
7.06
0.77
8.00
7.57
0.89
9.09
8.07
1.01 10.20
8.58
1.14
11.50
9.08
1.28 12.70
9.59
1.43 14.10
10.10 1.60 15.50
10.60 1.70 16.90
11.10 1.90 18.50
11.60 2.10 20.00
12.10 2.30 21.70
12.60 2.50 23.40
13.90 3.00 27.90
15.10 3.50 32.80
16.40 4.20 38.00
17.60 4.80 43.60
18.90 5.60 49.50
20.20 6.30 55.80
21.40 7.10 62.40
22.70 8.00 69.30
24.00 9.00 76.60
25.20 9.90 84.30
27.70 11.90 101.00
13
EX. STRONG STEEL

3.826" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.56
0.00 0.078
0.84
0.01 0.164
1.12
0.02 0.280
1.40
0.03 0.423
1.67
0.04 0.593
1.95
0.06 0.789
2.23
0.08
1.01
2.51
0.10
1.26
2.79
0.12
1.53
3.07
0.15
1.82
3.35
0.17
2.14
3.63
0.20
2.48
3.91
0.24
2.84
4.19
0.27
3.24
4.47
0.31
3.64
4.75
0.35
4.07
5.02
0.39
4.52
5.30
0.44
5.00
5.58
0.48
5.50
6.14
0.59
6.56
6.70
0.70
7.70
7.26
0.82
8.93
7.82
0.95 10.20
8.38
1.09 11.60
8.94
1.24 13.10
9.50
1.40 14.70
10.00 1.60 16.30
10.60 1.70 18.00
11.20 1.90 19.80
11.70 2.10 21.70
12.30 2.30 23.60
12.80 2.50 25.70
13.40 2.80 27.80
14.00 3.00 30.00
15.30 3.60 35.70
16.70 4.30 42.00
18.10 5.10 48.70
19.50 5.90 55.80
20.90 6.80 63.40
22.30 7.70 71.50
23.70 8.70 79.90
25.10 9.80 88.90
26.50 10.90 98.20
27.90 12.10 108.00
30.70 14.60 129.00
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 13

WATER DATA
5 INCH
CAST IRON
5.0" Inside dia.
FLOW
Velo- Velo- Head
(US GPM) city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
30
0.49
0.00 0.045
40
0.65
0.01 0.076
50
0.82
0.01 0.115
60
0.98
0.01 0.161
70
1.14
0.02 0.214
80
1.31
0.03 0.275
90
1.47
0.03 0.341
100
1.63
0.04 0.415
120
1.96
0.06 0.581
140
2.29
0.08 0.773
160
2.61
0.11
0.99
180
2.94
0.13
1.23
200
3.27
0.16
1.50
220
3.59
0.20
1.78
240
3.92
0.24
2.10
260
4.25
0.28
2.43
280
4.58
0.33
2.79
300
4.90
0.38
3.17
320
5.23
0.43
3.57
340
5.56
0.48
3.99
360
5.89
0.54
4.44
380
6.22
0.60
4.90
400
6.54
0.66
5.39
420
6.87
0.73
5.90
440
7.20
0.81
6.43
460
7.52
0.88
6.98
480
7.85
0.96
7.55
500
8.17
1.04
8.15
550
8.99
1.26
9.72
600
9.80
1.49 11.70
650
10.60 1.70 13.20
700
11.40 2.00 15.20
750
12.30 2.40 17.20
800
13.10 2.70 19.40
850
13.90 3.00 21.70
900
14.70 3.40 24.20
950
15.50 3.70 26.70
1000
16.30 4.10 29.40
1100
18.00 5.00 35.00
1200
19.60 6.00 41.10
1300
21.20 7.00 47.70
1400
22.90 8.10 54.70
1500
24.50 9.30 62.20
1600
26.10 10.60 70.10
1700
27.80 12.00 78.40
STD. WT. STEEL

5.047" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.48
0.00 0.043
0.64
0.01 0.073
0.80
0.01
0.110
0.96
0.01 0.154
1.12
0.02 0.205
1.28
0.03 0.262
1.44
0.03 0.326
1.60
0.04 0.396
1.92
0.06 0.555
2.24
0.08 0.739
2.56
0.10 0.946
2.88
0.13
1.18
3.20
0.16
1.43
3.52
0.20
1.70
3.85
0.23
2.00
4.17
0.27
2.32
4.49
0.31
2.66
4.81
0.36
3.03
5.13
0.41
3.41
5.45
0.46
3.81
5.77
0.52
4.24
6.09
0.58
4.68
6.41
0.64
5.15
6.73
0.70
5.64
7.05
0.77
6.14
7.38
0.85
6.67
7.70
0.92
7.22
8.02
1.00
7.79
8.82
1.21
9.28
9.62
1.49 10.90
10.40 1.70 12.60
11.20 1.90 14.50
12.00 2.20 16.50
12.80 2.50 18.60
13.60 2.90 20.80
14.40 3.20 23.10
15.20 3.60 25.50
16.00 4.00 28.10
17.60 4.80 33.50
19.20 5.70 39.30
20.80 6.70 45.60
22.40 7.80 52.30
24.00 9.00 59.40
25.60 10.20 66.90
27.20 11.50 74.90
14
EX. STRONG STEEL

4.813" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.53
0.00 0.054
0.71
0.01 0.092
0.88
0.01 0.139
1.06
0.02 0.194
1.23
0.02 0.258
1.41
0.03 0.330
1.59
0.04 0.411
1.76
0.05 0.499
2.11
0.07 0.700
2.47
0.09 0.931
2.82
0.12
1.19
3.17
0.16
1.48
3.52
0.19
1.80
3.88
0.23
2.15
4.23
0.28
2.52
4.58
0.33
2.92
4.94
0.38
3.35
5.29
0.43
3.81
5.64
0.49
4.29
5.99
0.56
4.80
6.35
0.63
5.34
6.70
0.70
5.90
7.05
0.77
6.49
7.40
0.85
7.10
7.76
0.94
7.74
8.11
1.02
8.40
8.46
1.11
9.09
8.82
1.21
9.81
9.70
1.46 11.70
10.60 1.70 13.70
11.50 2.10 15.90
12.30 2.40 18.30
13.20 2.70 20.80
14.10 3.10 23.40
15.00 3.50 26.20
15.90 3.90 29.10
16.70 4.30 32.20
17.60 4.80 35.40
19.40 5.80 42.20
21.10 6.90 49.50
22.90 8.20 57.40
24.70 9.50 65.90
26.40 10.80 74.80
26.20 12.40 84.30
30.00 14.00 94.40
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 14

WATER DATA
6 INCH
CAST IRON
6.0" Inside dia.
FLOW
Velo- Velo- Head
(US GPM) city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
50
0.57
0.01 0.047
60
0.68
0.01 0.066
70
0.79
0.01 0.088
80
0.91
0.01 0.113
90
1.02
0.02 0.141
100
1.13
0.02 0.171
120
1.36
0.03 0.239
140
1.59
0.04 0.318
160
1.82
0.05 0.408
180
2.04
0.06 0.507
200
2.27
0.08 0.616
220
2.50
0.10 0.735
240
2.72
0.12 0.863
260
2.95
0.14
1.00
280
3.18
0.16
1.15
300
3.40
0.18
1.30
320
3.64
0.21
1.47
340
3.86
0.23
1.64
360
4.08
0.26
1.83
380
4.31
0.29
2.02
400
4.55
0.32
2.22
450
5.11
0.41
2.76
500
5.68
0.50
3.36
550
6.25
0.61
4.00
600
6.81
0.72
4.70
650
7.38
0.85
5.45
700
7.95
0.98
6.25
750
8.52
1.13
7.10
800
9.08
1.28
8.00
850
9.65
1.45
8.95
900
10.20 1.60
9.95
950
10.80 1.80 11.00
1000
11.40 2.00 12.10
1100
12.50 2.40 14.40
1200
13.60 2.90 16.90
1300
14.80 3.40 19.70
1400
15.90 3.90 22.50
1500
17.00 4.50 25.60
1600
18.20 5.10 28.90
1700
19.30 5.80 32.30
1800
20.40 6.50 35.90
1900
21.50 7.20 39.70
2000
22.70 8.00 43.60
2200
25.00 9.70 52.00
2400
27.20 11.50 61.10
STD. WT. STEEL

6.065" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.56
0.00 0.045
0.67
0.01 0.063
0.78
0.01 0.084
0.89
0.01 0.107
1.00
0.02 0.133
1.11
0.02 0.162
1.33
0.03 0.227
1.56
0.04 0.302
1.78
0.05 0.387
2.00
0.06 0.481
2.22
0.08 0.584
2.44
0.09 0.697
2.67
0.11
0.819
2.89
0.13
0.95
3.11
0.15
1.09
3.33
0.17
1.24
3.56
0.20
1.39
3.78
0.22
1.56
4.00
0.25
1.73
4.22
0.28
1.92
4.44
0.31
2.11
5.00
0.39
2.62
5.56
0.48
3.19
6.11
0.58
3.80
6.66
0.69
4.46
7.22
0.81
5.17
7.78
0.94
5.93
8.34
1.08
6.74
8.90
1.23
7.60
9.45
1.39
8.50
10.00 1.60
9.44
10.50 1.70 10.20
11.10 1.90
11.50
12.20 2.30 13.70
13.30 2.70 16.10
14.40 3.20 18.60
15.60 3.80 21.40
16.70 4.30 24.30
17.80 4.90 27.40
18.90 5.60 30.60
20.00 6.20 34.00
21.10 6.90 37.60
22.20 7.70 41.40
24.40 9.30 49.40
26.70 11.10 58.00
15
EX. STRONG STEEL

5.761" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.62
0.01 0.058
0.74
0.01 0.081
0.86
0.01 0.108
0.98
0.01 0.138
1.11
0.02 0.171
1.23
0.02 0.208
1.48
0.03 0.292
1.72
0.05 0.388
1.97
0.06 0.497
2.22
0.08 0.618
2.46
0.09 0.751
2.71
0.11 0.895
2.96
0.14
1.03
3.20
0.16
1.22
3.45
0.19
1.40
3.69
0.21
1.59
3.94
0.24
1.79
4.19
0.27
2.00
4.43
0.31
2.23
4.68
0.34
2.46
4.93
0.38
2.71
5.54
0.48
3.36
6.16
0.59
4.09
6.77
0.71
4.88
7.39
0.85
5.73
8.00
0.99
6.64
8.63
1.16
7.62
9.24
1.33
8.66
9.85
1.51
9.75
10.50 1.70 10.90
11.10 1.90 12.10
11.70 2.10 13.40
12.30 2.40 14.70
13.50 2.80 17.60
14.80 3.40 20.70
16.00 4.00 23.90
17.20 4.60 27.50
18.50 5.30 31.20
19.70 6.00 35.20
20.90 6.80 39.40
22.20 7.70 43.70
23.40 8.40 48.30
24.60 9.40 53.10
27.10 11.40 63.40
29.60 13.60 74.50
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 15

WATER DATA
8 INCH
CAST IRON
8.0" Inside dia.
FLOW
Velo- Velo- Head
(US GPM) city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
130
0.83
0.01 0.069
140
0.90
0.01 0.079
150
0.96
0.01 0.089
160
1.02
0.02 0.101
170
1.08
0.02 0.112
180
1.15
0.02 0.125
190
1.21
0.02 0.138
200
1.28
0.03 0.152
220
1.40
0.03 0.181
240
1.53
0.04 0.213
260
1.66
0.04 0.247
280
1.79
0.05 0.283
300
1.91
0.06 0.322
350
2.24
0.08 0.428
400
2.56
0.10 0.548
450
2.87
0.13 0.681
500
3.19
0.16 0.828
550
3.51
0.19 0.987
600
3.83
0.23
1.16
650
4.15
0.27
1.34
700
4.47
0.31
1.54
750
4.79
0.36
1.75
800
5.11
0.41
1.97
850
5.43
0.46
2.21
900
5.75
0.51
2.46
950
6.06
0.57
2.71
1000
6.38
0.63
2.98
1100
7.03
0.77
3.56
1200
7.66
0.91
4.18
1300
8.30
1.07
4.85
1400
8.95
1.24
5.56
1500
9.58
1.43
6.32
1600
10.20 1.60
7.12
1800
11.50 2.10
8.85
2000
12.80 2.60 10.80
2200
14.10 3.10 12.80
2400
15.30 3.60 15.10
2600
16.60 4.30 17.50
2800
17.90 5.00 20.00
3000
19.10 5.70 22.80
3500
22.40 7.80 30.30
4000
25.60 10.20 38.80
4500
28.70 12.80 48.20
5000
31.90 15.80 58.60
5500
35.10 19.10 69.90
STD. WT. STEEL

7.981" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.83
0.01 0.069
0.90
0.01 0.079
0.96
0.01 0.091
1.03
0.02 0.102
1.09
0.02
0.114
1.15
0.02 0.126
1.22
0.02 0.140
1.28
0.03 0.154
1.41
0.03 0.183
1.54
0.04 0.215
1.67
0.04 0.250
1.80
0.05 0.286
1.92
0.06 0.325
2.24
0.08 0.433
2.57
0.10 0.554
2.88
0.13 0.689
3.20
0.16 0.838
3.52
0.23
1.17
3.85
0.23
1.17
4.17
0.27
1.36
4.49
0.31
1.56
4.81
0.36
1.77
5.13
0.41
1.99
5.45
0.46
2.23
5.77
0.52
2.48
6.09
0.58
2.74
6.41
0.64
3.02
7.05
0.77
3.60
7.69
0.92
4.23
8.33
1.08
4.90
8.97
1.25
5.62
9.61
1.44
6.39
10.30 1.70
7.20
11.50 2.10
8.95
12.80 2.50 10.90
14.10 3.10 13.00
15.40 3.70 15.20
16.70 4.30 17.70
18.00 5.00 20.30
19.20 5.70 23.00
22.40 7.80 30.60
25.60 10.20 39.20
28.80 12.90 48.80
32.00 15.90 59.30
35.30 19.40 70.70
16
EX. STRONG STEEL

7.625" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head
city
city
Loss
(ft./
Head
(ft./
sec.)
feet 100ft.)
0.91
0.01 0.087
0.98
0.01 0.099
1.05
0.02 0.116
1.12
0.02 0.127
1.19
0.02 0.142
1.26
0.02 0.158
1.33
0.03 0.175
1.41
0.03 0.192
1.55
0.04 0.229
1.69
0.04 0.269
1.83
0.05 0.312
1.97
0.06 0.358
2.11
0.07 0.406
2.46
0.09 0.540
2.81
0.12 0.692
3.16
0.15
0.86
3.51
0.19
1.05
4.22
0.28
1.46
4.22
0.28
1.46
4.57
0.32
1.70
4.92
0.38
1.95
5.27
0.43
2.21
5.62
0.49
2.49
5.97
0.55
2.79
6.32
0.62
3.10
6.67
0.69
3.43
7.03
0.77
3.77
7.83
0.95
4.49
8.43
1.10
5.28
9.13
1.30
6.12
9.83
1.50
7.02
10.50 1.70
7.98
11.20 2.00
8.99
12.60 2.50 11.20
14.10 3.10 13.60
15.50 3.70 16.60
16.90 4.40 19.00
18.30 5.20 22.10
19.70 6.00 25.30
21.10 6.90 28.80
24.60 9.40 38.30
28.10 12.30 49.00
31.60 15.50 60.90
35.10 19.10 74.00
38.60 23.20 88.30
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 16

WATER DATA
10 INCH
CAST IRON
FLOW
10" Inside Diameter
(US GPM) Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
180
0.74
0.01
0.042
0.73
0.01
0.042
200
0.82
0.01
0.051
0.81
0.01
0.051
220
0.90
0.01
0.061
0.089
0.01
0.061
240
0.98
0.01
0.072
0.98
0.01
0.071
260
1.06
0.02
0.083
1.06
0.02
0.083
280
1.14
0.02
0.096
1.14
0.02
0.095
300
1.22
0.02
0.109
1.22
0.02
0.108
350
1.43
0.03
0.144
1.42
0.03
0.143
400
1.63
0.04
0.185
1.63
0.04
0.183
450
1.84
0.05
0.230
1.83
0.05
0.228
500
2.04
0.06
0.280
2.04
0.06
0.277
550
2.24
0.08
0.333
2.24
0.08
0.330
600
2.45
0.09
0.392
2.44
0.09
0.388
650
2.65
0.11
0.454
2.64
0.11
0.450
700
2.86
0.13
0.521
2.85
0.13
0.516
800
3.26
0.17
0.667
3.25
0.16
0.660
900
3.67
0.21
0.829
3.66
0.21
0.821
1000
4.08
0.26
1.01
4.07
0.26
0.998
1100
4.49
0.31
1.20
4.48
0.31
1.19
1200
4.90
0.37
1.41
4.89
0.37
1.40
1300
5.31
0.44
1.64
5.30
0.44
1.62
1400
5.71
0.51
1.88
5.70
0.50
1.86
1500
6.12
0.58
2.13
6.10
0.58
2.11
1600
6.53
0.66
2.40
6.51
0.66
2.38
1700
6.94
0.75
2.69
6.92
0.74
2.66
1800
7.35
0.84
2.99
7.32
0.83
2.96
1900
7.76
0.94
3.30
7.73
0.93
3.27
2000
8.16
1.03
3.63
8.14
1.03
3.60
2200
8.98
1.25
4.33
8.95
1.24
4.29
2400
9.80
1.49
5.09
9.76
1.48
5.04
2600
10.60
1.70
5.90
10.60
1.70
5.84
2800
11.40
2.00
6.77
11.40
2.00
6.70
3000
12.20
2.30
7.69
12.20
2.30
7.61
3200
13.10
2.70
8.66
13.00
2.70
8.58
3400
13.90
3.00
9.69
13.80
3.00
9.60
3600
14.70
3.40
10.80
14.60
3.30
10.70
3800
15.50
3.70
11.90
15.50
3.70
11.80
4000
16.30
4.10
13.10
16.30
4.10
13.00
4500
18.40
5.30
16.30
18.30
5.20
16.10
5000
20.40
6.50
19.80
20.30
6.40
19.60
5500
22.40
7.80
23.60
22.40
7.80
23.40
6000
24.50
9.30
27.70
24.40
9.30
27.50
6500
26.50
10.90
32.10
26.40
10.80
31.80
7000
28.60
12.70
36.90
28.50
12.60
36.50
7500
30.60
14.60
41.90
30.50
14.50
41.50
17
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 17

WATER DATA
12 INCH
CAST IRON
FLOW
12" Inside Diameter
12" Inside Diameter
(US GPM) Velocity
Velocity Head Loss
200
0.57
0.01
0.021
0.57
0.01
0.021
250
0.71
0.01
0.032
0.71
0.01
0.032
300
0.85
0.01
0.045
0.85
0.01
0.045
350
0.99
0.02
0.059
0.99
0.02
0.059
400
1.14
0.02
0.076
1.14
0.02
0.076
450
1.28
0.03
0.095
1.28
0.03
0.095
500
1.42
0.03
0.115
1.42
0.03
0.115
550
1.56
0.04
0.137
1.56
0.04
0.137
600
1.70
0.05
0.161
1.70
0.05
0.161
700
1.99
0.06
0.214
1.99
0.06
0.214
800
2.27
0.08
0.275
2.27
0.08
0.275
900
2.56
0.10
0.341
2.56
0.10
0.341
1000
2.84
0.13
0.415
2.84
0.13
0.415
1100
3.12
0.15
0.495
3.12
0.15
0.495
1200
3.41
0.18
0.581
3.41
0.18
0.581
1300
3.69
0.21
0.674
3.69
0.21
0.674
1400
3.98
0.25
0.773
3.98
0.25
0.773
1500
4.26
0.28
0.878
4.26
0.28
0.878
1600
4.55
0.32
0.99
4.55
0.32
0.99
1800
5.11
0.41
1.23
5.11
0.41
1.23
2000
5.68
0.50
1.50
5.68
0.50
1.50
2200
6.25
0.61
1.78
6.25
0.61
1.78
2400
6.81
0.72
2.10
6.81
0.72
2.10
2600
7.38
0.85
2.43
7.38
0.85
2.43
2800
7.95
0.98
2.78
7.95
0.98
2.78
3000
8.52
1.13
3.17
8.52
1.13
3.17
3500
9.95
1.54
4.21
9.95
1.54
4.21
4000
11.40
2.00
5.39
11.40
2.00
5.39
4500
12.80
2.50
6.70
12.80
2.50
6.70
5000
14.20
3.10
8.15
14.20
3.10
8.15
5500
15.60
3.80
9.72
15.60
3.80
9.72
6000
17.00
4.50
11.40
17.00
4.50
11.40
6500
18.40
5.30
13.20
18.40
5.30
13.20
7000
19.90
6.20
15.20
19.90
6.20
15.20
7500
21.30
7.10
17.30
21.30
7.10
17.30
8000
22.70
8.00
19.40
22.70
8.00
19.40
8500
24.20
9.10
21.70
24.20
9.10
21.70
9000
25.60
10.20
24.20
25.60
10.20
24.20
9500
27.00
11.30
26.70
27.00
11.30
26.70
10000
28.40
12.50
29.40
28.40
12.50
29.40
11000
31.20
15.10
35.00
31.20
15.10
35.00
12000
34.10
18.10
41.20
34.10
18.10
41.20
13000
36.90
21.20
47.70
36.90
21.20
47.70
14000
39.80
24.60
54.70
39.80
24.60
54.70
15000
42.60
28.20
62.20
42.60
28.20
62.20
18
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 18

WATER DATA
14 INCH
FLOW
(US
GPM)
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
20000
22000
24000
16 INCH
CAST IRON
STEEL
14" Inside Dia.
13.25" Inside Dia.
Velo- Velo- Head Velo- Velo- Head
city city Loss city city Loss
(ft./ Head (ft./ (ft./ Head (ft./
sec.) feet 100ft.) sec.) feet 100ft.)
0.63 0.01 0.021 0.70 0.01 0.028
0.84 0.01 0.036 0.93 0.01 0.047
1.04 0.02 0.054 1.16 0.02 0.071
1.25 0.02 0.076 1.40 0.03 0.100
1.46 0.03 0.101 1.63 0.04 0.132
1.67 0.04 0.130 1.86 0.05 0.170
1.88 0.05 0.161 2.09 0.07 0.211
2.09 0.07 0.196 2.33 0.08 0.256
2.30 0.08 0.234 2.56 0.10 0.306
2.50 0.10 0.275 2.79 0.12 0.359
2.71 0.11 0.318 3.02 0.14 0.416
2.92 0.13 0.365 3.26 0.17 0.477
3.13 0.15 0.415 3.49 0.19 0.542
3.34 0.17 0.478 3.72 0.22 0.611
3.54 0.19 0.523 3.95 0.24 0.684
3.75 0.22 0.581 4.19 0.27 0.760
3.96 0.24 0.643 4.42 0.30 0.840
4.17 0.27 0.706 4.65 0.34 0.924
5.22 0.42 1.07 5.81 0.52 1.40
6.26 0.61 1.50 6.98 0.76 1.96
7.30 0.83 1.99 8.15 1.03 2.60
8.34 1.08 2.55 9.31 1.35 3.32
9.40 1.37 3.17 10.50 1.70 4.13
10.40 1.70 3.85 11.60 2.10 5.03
12.50 2.40 5.39 14.00 3.00 7.05
14.60 3.30 7.17 16.30 4.10 9.38
16.70 4.30 9.18 18.60 5.40 12.00
18.80 5.50 11.40 20.90 6.80 14.90
20.90 6.80 13.90 23.30 8.40 18.10
23.00 8.20 16.50 25.60 10.20 21.60
25.00 9.70 19.40 27.90 12.10 25.40
27.10 11.40 22.50 30.20 14.20 29.50
29.20 13.30 25.90 32.60 16.50 33.80
31.30 15.20 29.40 34.90 18.90 38.40
33.40 17.30 33.10 37.20 21.50 43.30
35.40 19.50 37.00 39.50 24.20 48.40
37.50 21.60 41.20 41.90 27.30 53.80
41.70 27.00 50.00 46.50 33.60 65.40
45.90 32.70 59.70 51.20 40.70 78.00
50.00 38.90 70.10 55.80 48.40 91.60
FLOW
(US
GPM)
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
25000
26000
28000
30000
32000
34000
36000
38000
CAST IRON
STEEL
16" Inside Dia.
15.25" Inside Dia.
0.80 0.01 0.028 0.88 0.01 0.036
0.96 0.01 0.040 1.05 0.02 0.050
1.12 0.02 0.053 1.23 0.02 0.067
1.28 0.03 0.068 1.41 0.03 0.086
1.44 0.03 0.084 1.58 0.04 0.106
1.60 0.04 0.102 1.76 0.05 0.129
1.92 0.06 0.143 2.11 0.07 0.181
2.24 0.08 0.191 2.46 0.09 0.241
2.56 0.10 0.250 2.81 0.12 0.308
2.87 0.13 0.304 3.16 0.16 0.383
3.19 0.16 0.369 3.51 0.19 0.466
3.99 0.25 0.557 4.39 0.30 0.704
4.79 0.36 0.781 5.27 0.43 0.987
5.58 0.48 1.06 6.15 0.59 1.31
6.38 0.63 1.33 7.03 0.77 1.68
7.18 0.80 1.65 7.91 0.97 2.09
7.98 0.99 2.01 8.79 1.20 2.54
9.58 1.43 2.82 10.50 1.70 3.56
11.20 1.90 3.75 12.30 2.40 4.73
12.80 2.50 4.79 14.10 3.10 6.06
14.40 3.20 5.96 15.80 3.90 7.53
16.00 4.00 7.25 17.60 4.80 9.15
17.60 4.80 8.64 19.30 5.80 10.90
19.20 5.70 10.20 21.10 6.90 12.80
20.80 6.70 11.80 22.80 8.10 14.90
22.40 7.80 13.50 24.60 9.40 17.10
24.00 9.00 15.30 26.30 10.70 19.20
25.60 10.20 17.30 28.10 12.30 21.80
28.70 12.80 21.50 31.60 15.50 27.10
31.90 15.80 26.10 35.10 19.10 33.00
35.10 19.10 31.20 38.70 23.30 39.30
38.30 22.80 36.60 42.20 27.70 46.20
39.90 24.70 38.60 43.90 30.00 49.90
41.50 26.80 42.40 45.70 32.60 53.60
44.70 31.10 48.70 49.20 37.60 61.50
47.90 35.70 55.30 52.70 43.20 69.80
51.10 40.50 62.30 56.20 49.10 78.70
54.30 46.00 69.90 59.80 55.60 88.30
57.50 51.00 77.50 63.30 62.30 97.60
60.70 57.00 85.60 66.80 69.30 108.00
19
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 19

WATER DATA
18 INCH
FLOW
(US
GPM)
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
30000
32000
34000
36000
38000
40000
42000
44000
46000
20 INCH
CAST IRON
STEEL
18" Inside Dia.
17.18" Inside Dia.
0.63 0.01 0.016 0.69 0.01 0.020
0.72 0.01 0.022 0.83 0.01 0.028
0.89 0.01 0.030 0.97 0.01 0.037
1.01 0.02 0.038 1.11 0.02 0.048
1.13 0.02 0.048 1.25 0.02 0.060
1.26 0.02 0.058 1.38 0.03 0.072
1.53 0.04 0.081 1.66 0.04 0.101
1.78 0.05 0.108 1.94 0.06 0.135
2.03 0.06 0.138 2.21 0.08 0.173
2.27 0.08 0.171 2.49 0.10 0.215
2.52 0.10 0.208 2.77 0.12 0.261
3.15 0.15 0.314 3.46 0.19 0.394
3.78 0.22 0.440 4.15 0.27 0.553
4.41 0.30 0.586 4.85 0.37 0.735
5.04 0.39 0.750 5.54 0.48 0.941
5.67 0.50 0.932 6.23 0.60 1.17
6.30 0.62 1.13 6.92 0.74 1.42
7.56 0.89 1.59 8.31 1.10 1.99
8.83 1.20 2.11 9.70 1.50 2.65
10.10 1.60 2.70 11.10 1.90 3.39
11.30 2.00 3.36 12.50 2.40 4.22
12.60 2.50 4.08 13.80 3.00 5.12
15.30 3.60 5.72 16.60 4.30 7.18
17.80 4.90 7.61 19.40 5.80 9.55
20.30 6.40 9.74 22.10 7.60 12.20
22.70 8.00 12.10 24.90 9.60 15.20
25.20 9.90 14.70 27.70 11.90 18.50
27.70 11.90 17.60 30.30 14.30 22.00
30.60 14.60 20.60 33.20 17.10 25.90
32.80 16.70 23.90 36.00 20.10 30.00
35.50 19.60 27.40 38.80 23.40 34.40
37.80 22.20 31.20 41.50 26.80 39.10
40.60 25.60 35.10 44.30 30.50 44.10
42.80 28.50 39.40 47.10 34.50 49.40
45.40 32.00 43.70 49.90 38.70 54.80
47.90 35.70 48.30 52.60 43.00 60.60
50.40 39.50 53.10 55.40 47.10 66.60
52.90 43.00 58.10 58.20 52.60 72.90
55.40 48.00 63.30 61.00 57.80 79.40
58.00 52.00 68.70 63.70 63.00 86.30
FLOW
(US
GPM)
800
1000
1200
1400
1500
1800
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
10000
12000
14000
15000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
25000
26000
28000
30000
32000
34000
35000
36000
38000
40000
45000
50000
55000
60000
65000
70000
CAST IRON
STEEL
20" Inside Dia.
19.18" Inside Dia.
0.82 0.01 0.023 0.89 0.01 0.028
1.02 0.02 0.035 1.11 0.02 0.042
1.23 0.02 0.048 1.33 0.03 0.059
1.43 0.03 0.064 1.55 0.04 0.079
1.64 0.04 0.082 1.78 0.05 0.101
1.83 0.05 0.102 2.00 0.06 0.126
2.04 0.06 0.125 2.22 0.08 0.153
2.55 0.10 0.188 2.78 0.12 0.231
3.06 0.15 0.264 3.33 0.17 0.323
3.57 0.20 0.351 3.89 0.24 0.430
4.08 0.26 0.449 4.45 0.31 0.551
5.10 0.40 0.679 5.55 0.48 0.832
6.13 0.58 0.951 6.67 0.69 1.17
7.15 0.79 1.26 7.78 0.94 1.55
8.17 1.00 1.62 8.89 1.20 1.98
10.20 1.60 2.45 11.10 1.90 3.00
12.30 2.40 3.43 13.30 2.70 4.20
14.30 3.20 4.56 15.50 3.70 5.59
15.30 3.60 5.18 16.70 4.30 6.35
16.30 4.10 5.84 17.80 4.90 7.15
18.40 5.30 7.26 20.00 6.20 8.90
20.40 6.50 8.82 22.20 7.70 10.80
22.50 7.90 10.50 24.40 9.30 12.90
24.50 9.30 12.40 26.70 11.10 15.10
25.50 10.10 13.30 27.80 12.00 16.30
26.60 11.00 14.30 28.90 13.00 17.60
28.60 12.70 16.40 31.10 15.00 20.10
30.60 14.60 18.70 33.30 17.20 22.90
32.60 16.50 21.00 35.60 19.70 25.80
34.70 18.70 23.60 37.80 22.20 28.90
35.70 19.80 24.80 38.90 23.50 30.40
36.80 21.00 26.20 40.00 24.90 32.10
38.80 23.40 28.90 42.20 27.70 35.40
40.80 25.90 31.80 44.50 30.80 39.00
45.90 32.70 39.50 50.00 38.90 48.50
51.00 40.00 48.00 55.50 47.90 58.90
56.10 49.00 57.30 61.10 58.00 70.30
61.30 58.00 67.20 66.70 69.00 82.30
66.40 68.00 78.10 72.20 81.00 95.70
71.50 79.00 89.50 77.80 94.00 110.00
20
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 20

WATER DATA
24 INCH
30 INCH
24" Inside Dia.

Discharge in
VeloVelo- Head
US Gallons
city
city Loss in
per
per
in ft./
Head
ft/
Min
24 Hr
sec
in feet 100ft.
350
505,00
0.252 0.00 0.002
700 1,008,000 0.495 0.00 0.007
1000 1,440,000 0.712 0.01 0.014
1400 2,016,000 0.999 0.01 0.026
1700 2,448,000 1.21
0.02 0.038
2000 2,880,000 1.42
0.03 0.051
2400 3,456,000 1.70 0.045 0.071
2700 3,888,000 1.92
0.06 0.089
3100 4,464,000 2.21
0.08 0.114
3400 4,896,000 2.41
0.09 0.136
3800 5,472,000 2.70 0.113 0.167
4200 6,048,000 2.99
0.13 0.200
4500 6,480,000 3.20
0.16 0.226
4800 6,912,000 3.41
0.18 9.255
5200 7,488,000 3.91
0.21 0.298
5500 7,920,000 3.69
0.24 0.329
5900 8,496,000 4.19
0.27 0.377
6200 8,928,000 4.41
0.32 0.413
6500 9,360,000 4.62
0.33 0.450
6900 9,936,000 4.90
0.37 0.502
7600 10,944,000 5.40
0.50 0.603
8300 11,952,000 5.90
0.54 0.713
9000 12,960,000 6.40
0.64
0.82
9700 13,968,000 6.90
0.74
0.95
10000 14,400,000 7.11
0.79
1.00
11000 15,840,000 7.82
0.95
1.19
12000 17,280,000 8.55
1.14
1.40
12500 18,000,000 8.86
1.22
1.52
13000 18,720,000 9.25
1.34
1.63
14000 20,160,000 9.95
1.54
1.86
15000 21,600,000 10.63 1.77
2.11
16000 23,040,000 11.38 2.02
2.42
18000 25,920,000 12.80 2.57
2.98
19000 27,360,000 13.50 2.85
3.28
20000 28,800,000 14.20 3.16
3.61
30" Inside Dia.

Discharge in
Velo- Velo- Head
US Gallons
city
city Loss in
per
per
in ft./ Head
ft/
Min
24 Hr
sec in feet 100ft.
700 1,008,000 0.322 0.00 0.002
1000 1,440,000 0.45
0.00 0.004
1300 1,872,000 0.59
0.01 0.008
1700 2,448,000 0.78
0.01 0.013
2000 2,880,000 0.91
0.01 0.017
2400 3,456,000 1.095 0.02 0.023
2700 3,888,000 1.23
0.02 0.030
3100 4,464,000 1.43
0.03 0.039
3400 4,896,000 1.55
0.04 0.046
3800 5,472,000 1.74
0.05 0.057
4100 5,904,000 1.87
0.06 0.065
4500 6,480,000 2.05
0.07 0.077
4800 6,912,000 2.19
0.08 0.087
5200 7,488,000 2.37
0.09 0.101
5500 7,920,000 2.51
0.10 0.112
5900 8,496,000 2.69
0.11 0.127
6200 8,928,000 2.83
0.12 0.139
6900 9,936,000 3.12
0.15 0.170
7600 10,944,000 3.47
0.18 0.203
8300 11,952,000 3.79
0.22 0.240
9000 12,960,000 4.10
0.26 0.278
9700 13,968,000 4.42 0.306 0.319
10000 14,400,000 4.56 0.325 0.337
11000 15,840,000 5.01 0.392 0.401
12000 17,280,000 5.47
0.47 0.473
12500 18,000,000 5.70
0.51
0.51
13000 18,720,000 5.94
0.55
0.55
14000 20,160,000 6.40
0.64
0.63
15000 21,600,000 6.85
0.73
0.71
16000 23,040,000 7.30
0.83
0.81
18000 25,920,000 8.20
1.05
1.00
19000 27,360,000 8.67
1.17
1.11
20000 28,800,000 9.12
1.30
1.22
24000 34,600,000 10.09 1.89
1.73
28000 40,320,000 12.75 2.46
2.27
Factor for correcting to

other pipe sizes
Diameter Velocity Velocity Head Loss
in inches ft/sec
head ft
ft/100 ft
23
1.089
1.186
1.230
22
1.190
1.416
1.527
21
1.306
1.706
1.915

other pipe sizes
in inches ft/sec
head ft
ft/100 ft
29
1.078
1.161
1.199
28
1.148
1.318
1.399
27
1.235
1.524
1.670
26
1.331
1.773
1.961

figures by 0.54
21
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 21

WATER DATA
36 INCH
42 INCH
36" Inside Dia.

Discharge in
VeloVelo- Head
US Gallons
city
city Loss in
per
per
in ft./
Head
ft/
Min
24 Hr
sec
in feet 100ft.
1400 2,016,000 0.44
0.00 0.004
1700 2,448,000 0.53
0.00 0.005
2000 2,880,000 0.63
0.01 0.007
2400 3,456,000 0.75
0.01 0.010
2800 4,032,000 0.88
0.01 0.015
3400 4,896,000 1.07
0.02 0.019
4000 5,760,000 1.26
0.02 0.026
4800 6,912,000 1.51
0.04 0.036
5600 8,064,000 1.76
0.05 0.048
6200 8,928,000 1.95
0.06 0.057
7000 10,080,000 2.20
0.07 0.072
7600 10,944,000 2.39
0.09 0.084
8300 11,952,000 2.61
0.10 0.098
9000 12,960,000 2.83
0.12 0.114
9700 13,968,000 3.05
0.14 0.131
10000 14,400,000 3.14
0.16 0.139
11000 15,840,000 3.46
0.19 0.164
12000 17,280,000 3.78
0.22 0.193
13000 18,720,000 4.09
0.26 0.226
14000 20,160,000 4.40
0.30 0.260
15000 21,600,000 4.71
0.34 0.294
16000 23,040,000 5.03
0.39 0.330
18000 25,920,000 5.66
0.50 0.412
19000 27,360,000 5.98
0.56 0.454
20000 28,800,000 6.30
0.61 0.504
21000 30,240,000 6.60
0.67 0.544
22000 31,680,000 6.92
0.74 0.590
23000 33,120,000 7.24
0.81 0.640
24000 34,560,000 7.55
0.88 0.695
26000 37,440,000 8.18
1.04 0.806
28000 40,320,000 8.80
1.20 0.935
30000 43,200,000 9.44
1.38 1.065
34000 48,960,000 10.70 1.77
1.34
38000 54,720,000 11.95 2.20
1.65
42000 60,480,000 13.20 2.70
1.99
42" Inside Dia.

Discharge in
Velo- Velo- Head
US Gallons
city
city Loss in
per
per
in ft./ Head
ft/
Min
24 Hr
sec in feet 100ft.
2000 2,880,000 0.46 0.003 0.003
2500 3,600,000 0.58 0.005 0.005
3000 4,320,000 0.70 0.007 0.007
3500 5,040,000 0.81 0.010 0.009
4000 5,760,000 0.92 0.013 0.012
4500 6,480,000 1.04 0.016 0.015
5000 7,200,000 1.16 0.021 0.018
6000 8,640,000 1.39 0.030 0.025
7000 10,080,000 1.62 0.041 0.033
8000 11,520,000 1.85 0.053 0.043
9000 12,960,000 2.08 0.067 0.053
10000 14,400,000 2.31 0.083 0.065
12000 17,280,000 2.78 0.120 0.092
14000 20,160,000 3.24 0.163 0.122
16000 23,040,000 3.70 0.212 0.157
18000 25,920,000 4.16 0.269 0.194
20000 28,800,000 4.62 0.331 0.238
22000 31,680,000 5.10 0.404 0.282
24000 34,560,000 5.55 0.477 0.332
26000 37,440,000 6.02 0.561 0.383
28000 40,320,000 6.48 0.651 0.432
30000 43,200,000 6.94 0.748 0.501
32000 46,080,000 7.40
0.85 0.566
34000 48,960,000 7.86
0.90 0.632
36000 51,840,000 8.33
1.07 0.702
38000 54,720,000 8.80
1.20 0.778
40000 57,600,000 9.25
1.32 0.855
42000 60,480,000 9.72
1.46 0.936
44000 63,360,000 10.18 1.61 1.013
46000 66,240,000 10.63 1.76 1.100
48000 69,020,000 11.10 1.92 1.194
50000 72,000,000 11.58 2.08
1.28
52000 74,880,000 12.01 2.25
1.38
54000 77,760,000 12.49 2.41
1.49
56000 80,540,000 12.93 2.60
1.60

other pipe sizes
in inches ft/sec
head ft
ft/100 ft
35
1.058
1.119
1.147
34
1.121
1.257
1.321
33
1.190
1.416
1.527
32
1.266
1.602
1.774

other pipe sizes
in inches ft/sec
head ft
ft/100 ft
41
1.049
1.101
1.124
40
1.102
1.216
1.268
39
1.160
1.345
1.434
38
1.222
1.492
1.627

figures by 0.54
22
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 22
Example: The dotted line shows

that the resistance of a 6-inch
Standard Elbow is equivalent to
approximately 16 feet of 6-inch
Standard Pipe.
Gate Valve
3/4 closed
1/2 closed
Fully Open
3000
2000
1000
48
500
Angle Valve, Open
Standard Tee
36
300
30
30
200
Square Elbow
22
24
20
30
20
Sudden Enlargement
d/D = 1/4
d/D = 1/2
d/D = 3/4
Standard Tee
Through Side Outlet
5
Ordinary Entrance
Standard Elbow or run of

Tee reduced 1/2
Medium Sweep Elbow or

run of Tee reduced 1/4
10
3
2
16
Nominal Diameter of Pipe in Inches
Close Return Bend
50
Equivalent Length of Straight Pipe in Feet
Borda Entrance
14
12
10
7
6
5
4 1/2
4
3 1/2
3
2 1/2
1 1/2
1 1/4
0.5
1
0.3
45 Elbow
10
9
Sudden Contraction
d/D = 1/4
d/D = 1/2
d/D = 3/4
20
18
100
Swing Check Valve,
Fully Open
50
42
Inside Diameter inches
Globe Valve, Open
3/4
0.2
1/2
Long Sweep Elbow or

run of Standard Tee
0.1
0.5
62852
This chart may be used for any liquid or gas

Note: For sudden enlargements or sudden
contractions, use the smaller diameter, d,
on the pipe size scale.
Copyright by Crane Company Reprinted by permission.
23
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 23

WATER DATA
Friction Loss in Pipe Fittings in Terms of
Equivalent Feet of Straight Pipe.
These data may be applied to any Liquid or Gas.
Equivalent Resistance of Std. Wt.
Nominal
Pipe
Size
DN
Std.
Wt.
Welding Elbows
Long Std.
Actual
Sweep Elbow Std.
Swing
Inside Gate
Elbow or Run Tee
Check Angle
Dia. Valve
or Run of Tee thru Close Valve Valve
in
Full 45 of Std. reduced Side Return Full Full
Inches Open Elbow Tee 1/2 Outlet Bend Open Open
Resistance factor .19
.50
.75
1
1.25
1.50
2
2.50
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
30
36
42
48
.622
0.824
1.049
1.380
1.610
2.067
2.469
3.068
4.026
5.047
6.065
7.024
7.981
10.02
12.00
.35
0.44
0.56
0.74
0.86
1.10
1.32
1.60
2.10
2.70
3.20
3.70
4.30
5.30
6.40
7.50
8.50
9.60
10.70
12.80
16.00
19.20
22.40
25.60
.42
.78
0.97
1.23
1.60
1.90
2.40
2.90
3.60
4.70
5.90
7.10
8.30
9.40
11.80
14.10
16.50
18.80
21.20
23.50
28.20
35.30
42.40
49.40
57.60
.6
1.11
1.40
1.80
2.30
2.70
3.50
4.20
5.20
6.80
8.50
10.20
11.80
13.40
16.90
20.20
23.50
26.90
30
34
40
50
61
71
81
.9
1.70
2.10
2.60
3.50
4.10
5.20
6.20
7.70
10.20
12.70
15.30
17.70
20.20
25.30
30
35
40
45
50
61
76
91
106
121
1.8
3.30
4.20
5.30
7.00
8.10
10.40
12.40
15.50
20.30
25.40
31
35
40
51
61
71
81
91
101
121
151
181
212
242
2.2
4.10
5.10
6.50
8.50
9.90
12.80
15.20
18.90
24.80
31
37
43
49
62
74
86
99
111
123
148
185
222
259
296
2.3 5
4.3 9.30
5.30 11.50
6.80 14.70
8.90 19.30
10.40 22
13.40 29
15.90 35
19.80 43
26 57
33 71
39 85
45 98
52 112
65 141
77 168
90
104
116
129
155
193
232
271
310
Length of Straight Pipe (Feet)*

Globe
90 Elbows
45 Elbows
Valve
Full Short Long Short Long
Open Radius Radius Radius Radius
10
18.60
23.10
29.40
38.60
45.20
58
69
86
113
142
170
197
224
281
336
R/DN=1 R/DN=1.5 R/DN=1 R/DN=1.5
+
+
1.60
2.10
2.40
3.10
3.70
4.70
6.10
7.70
9.20
++
12.10
15.20
18.20
20.10
23.10
26.20
29
35
44
53
63
72
0.68
0.91
1.15
1.50
1.80
2.30
2.70
3.40
4.40
5.60
6.70
++
8.80
11.00
13.20
14.60
16.80
19
21.20
25.60
32
39
45
52
+
+
1.01
1.33
1.60
2.00
2.40
3.00
3.90
4.90
5.90
++
7.70
9.70
11.60
12.80
14.70
16.70
18.60
22.50
28.30
34
40
46
Data on fittings based on information published by Crane Co.

* For 180 bend, multiply values for 90 bend by 1.34.
Data are based on Fanning coefficient of 0.006, as taken from Chart No. 18 of Catalog 211 of
Tube Turns, Inc.
+ Short Radius Elbows, R/DN=1, not made in this size and weight.
++ Not made in this size.
24
0.44
0.58
0.74
0.98
1.14
1.50
1.70
2.20
2.90
3.60
4.30
++
5.70
7.10
8.50
9.40
10.80
12.20
13.60
16.50
20.70
25
29.20
33
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 24

WATER DATA
Friction Losses Through Miscellaneous Fittings
The friction losses below are given for use in making approximate
estimates of friction loss through fittings not covered elsewhere in
this book.
They are based on the formula:
v2
h = k 2g = .0155(k) (v2)
in which; h = head loss due to fitting in feet (this is loss in addition
to that in a straight pipe the length of the fitting).
k = constant for the type of fitting
v = velocity in the pipe in feet per second
g = acceleration due to gravity = about 32.2 feet per second
Type of fitting
k*
Square elbow (intersection of 2 cylinders at 90)

Square return elbow (180)
Angle elbow (intersection of 2 cylinders at an angle
other than 90
Disk or wobble-disk meter
Rotary meter (star or cog-wheel piston)
Reciprocating piston meter
Turbine wheel (double-flow, balanced) meter
Horizontal (lift) check valve
Ball check valve
1.25
2.5
1.25 (angle/90)2
3.4 to 10
10
15
5 to 7.5
8 to 12
65 to 70
Elbows or bends made up of short sections of straight pipe welded

together or circular bends with corrugated inner radius will have a
friction loss from 1.3 to 1.6 times greater than that of an equivalent
smooth elbow or bend.
* Values of k based on those in Hydraulics by Schoder and Dawson
and the Standards of the Hydraulic Institute.
25
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 25

MISCELLANEOUS LIQUIDS
Entrance Losses for Pipe
in feet of Liquid
These data apply to any liquid.
Type of Value
entrance of k
Velocity in Feet per Second (v)

4
5
6
7
.59
.78
.98
.28
.38
.50
.63
.09
.13
.18
.23
.29
.02
.02
.03
.04
.05
Velocity in Feet per Second (v)

15
20
25
30
35
40
Inward
projecting
pipe
.78
.05
.11
.19
.30
.44
Sharp
cornered
.50
.03
.07
.12
.19
Slightly
rounded
.23
.01
.03
.06
Bell
mouthed
.04
.00
.01
.01
10
12
Type of Value
entrance of k
Inward
projecting
pipe
.78
1.21
1.75
2.73
4.85
7.58
10.91
14.82
19.41
Sharp
cornered
.50
.78
1.12
1.75
3.11
4.86
7.00
9.50
12.44
Slightly
rounded
.23
.36
.51
.81
1.43
2.24
3.22
4.37
5.72
Bell
mouthed
.04
.06
.09
.14
.25
.39
.56
.76
1.00
Courtesy of George B. Gascoigne, consulting engineer.
Based on the formula:
v2
h = k 2g
In which:
h = entrance loss in feet of liquid
k = constant depending on shape of entrance
v = velocity of flow in feet per second
g = acceleration of gravity at 45 latitude and sea level.
g = 32.174 ft. per second per second
26
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 26

WATER DATA
D
Loss of Head in Feet of Liquid due to Sudden Contractions

These data apply to any Liquid
D
d
Velocity in Smaller Pipes in Feet Per Second

2
10
12
15
20
30
40
1.10
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.20
2.50
3.00
4.00
5.00
8.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.01
0.03
0.07
0.10
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.02
0.04
0.10
0.14
0.19
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.27
0.03
0.06
0.13
0.20
0.25
0.28
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.04
0.07
0.17
0.26
0.33
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.06
0.12
0.27
0.40
0.51
0.55
0.59
0.62
0.65
0.69
0.70
0.72
0.72
0.09
0.18
0.40
0.67
0.73
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.97
1.00
1.02
1.03
0.15
0.28
0.65
0.89
1.12
1.19
1.28
1.34
1.40
1.48
1.52
1.56
1.58
0.29
0.54
1.14
1.56
1.92
2.06
2.20
2.30
2.41
2.53
2.60
2.68
2.71
0.75
1.38
2.68
3.44
4.05
4.28
4.56
4.76
4.98
5.24
5.36
5.56
5.68
1.49
2.74
4.98
5.97
6.72
7.09
7.41
7.71
8.11
8.48
8.67
9.06
9.36
Loss of Head in Feet of Liquid due to Sudden Enlargements

These data apply to any Liquid
D
d
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
5.00
8.00
10.00
Velocity in Smaller Pipes in Feet Per Second

2
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
3
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.14
4
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.12
0.14
0.17
0.19
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.24
5
0.04
0.10
0.14
0.18
0.22
0.27
0.30
0.33
0.35
0.37
0.37
6
0.06
0.14
0.20
0.26
0.31
0.38
0.42
0.47
0.49
0.52
0.53
7
0.07
0.18
0.28
0.35
0.41
0.51
0.57
0.63
0.66
0.70
0.71
8
0.10
0.23
0.36
0.45
0.53
0.66
0.74
0.82
0.85
0.91
0.92
10
0.14
0.36
0.55
0.70
0.81
1.01
1.13
1.25
1.31
1.39
1.42
D = diameter of Larger pipe

d = diameter of Smaller pipe
Courtesy of George B. Gascoigne. Consulting Engineer.
27
12
0.21
0.51
0.78
0.99
1.16
1.44
1.60
1.78
1.86
1.97
2.01
15
0.32
0.78
1.19
1.52
1.77
2.20
2.46
2.76
2.85
2.96
3.09
20
0.55
1.36
2.07
2.64
3.08
3.83
4.27
4.73
4.95
5.25
5.36
25
0.87
2.09
3.16
4.03
4.76
5.93
6.61
7.29
7.63
8.07
8.21
30
1.20
2.96
4.50
5.74
6.71
8.34
9.29
10.30
10.79
11.44
11.66
40
2.08
5.14
7.82
9.97
11.65
14.48
16.14
17.90
18.73
19.87
20.26
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 27

WATER DATA
Theoretical Discharge of Nozzles in US Gallons Per Minute
Head
lbs.
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
130
140
150
175
200
250
300
ft.
23.1
34.6
46.2
57.7
69.3
80.8
92.4
103.9
115.5
127.0
138.6
150.1
161.7
173.2
184.8
196.3
207.9
219.4
230.9
242.4
254.0
265.5
277.1
300.2
323.3
346.4
404.1
461.9
577.4
692.8
Velocity
of disch.
in ft./sec.
38.60
47.25
54.55
61.00
66.85
72.20
77.20
81.80
86.25
90.50
94.50
98.30
102.10
105.70
109.10
112.50
115.80
119.00
122.00
125.00
128.00
130.90
133.70
139.10
144.30
149.50
161.40
172.60
193.00
211.20
Diameter of Nozzle in Inches

0.625
0.37
0.45
0.52
0.58
0.64
0.69
0.74
0.78
0.83
0.87
0.90
0.94
0.98
1.01
1.05
1.08
1.11
1.14
1.17
1.20
1.23
1.25
1.28
1.33
1.38
1.43
1.55
1.65
1.85
2.02
.125
1.48
1.81
2.09
2.34
2.56
2.77
2.96
3.13
3.30
3.46
3.62
3.77
3.91
4.05
4.18
4.31
4.43
4.56
4.67
4.79
4.90
5.01
5.12
5.33
5.53
5.72
6.18
6.61
7.39
8.08
.1875
3.32
4.06
4.69
5.25
5.75
6.21
6.64
7.03
7.41
7.77
8.12
8.45
8.78
9.08
9.39
9.67
9.95
10.20
10.50
10.80
11.00
11.20
11.50
12.00
12.40
12.90
13.90
14.80
16.60
18.20
.25
5.91
7.24
8.35
9.34
10.20
11.10
11.80
12.50
13.20
13.80
14.50
15.10
15.70
16.20
16.70
17.30
17.70
18.20
18.70
19.20
19.60
20.00
20.50
21.30
22.10
22.90
24.70
26.40
29.60
32.40
.3333
13.3
16.3
18.8
21.0
23.0
24.8
26.6
28.2
29.7
31.1
32.5
33.8
35.2
36.4
37.6
38.8
39.9
41.0
42.1
43.1
44.1
45.1
46.0
48.0
49.8
51.6
55.6
59.5
66.5
72.8
.50
23.6
28.9
33.4
37.3
40.9
44.2
47.3
50.1
52.8
55.3
57.8
60.2
62.5
64.7
66.8
68.9
70.8
72.8
74.7
76.5
78.4
80.1
81.8
85.2
88.4
91.5
98.8
106.0
118.0
129.0
.625
36.9
45.2
52.2
58.3
63.9
69.0
73.8
78.2
82.5
86.4
90.4
94.0
97.7
101.0
104.0
108.0
111.0
114.0
117.0
120.0
122.0
125.0
128.0
133.0
138.0
143.0
154.0
165.0
185.0
202.0
.75
53.1
65.0
75.1
84.0
92.0
99.5
106.0
113.0
119.0
125.0
130.0
136.0
141.0
146.0
150.0
155.0
160.0
164.0
168.0
172.0
176.0
180.0
184.0
192.0
199.0
206.0
222.0
238.0
266.0
291.0
.875
72.4
88.5
102.0
114.0
125.0
135.0
145.0
153.0
162.0
169.0
177.0
184.0
191.0
198.0
205.0
211.0
217.0
223.0
229.0
234.0
240.0
245.0
251.0
261.0
271.0
280.0
302.0
323.0
362.0
396.0
1
94.5
116.0
134.0
149.0
164.0
177.0
188.0
200.0
211.0
221.0
231.0
241.0
250.0
259.0
267.0
276.0
284.0
292.0
299.0
306.0
314.0
320.0
327.0
341.0
354.0
366.0
395.0
423.0
473.0
517.0
1.125
120
147
169
189
207
224
239
253
267
280
293
305
317
327
338
349
359
369
378
388
397
406
414
432
448
463
500
535
598
655
1.25
148
181
209
234
256
277
296
313
330
346
362
376
391
404
418
431
443
456
467
479
490
501
512
533
553
572
618
660
739
808
The actual quantity discharged by a nozzle will be slightly less than in the above table.
A well-tapered smooth nozzle may be assumed to give 97% to 99% of the values in the table.
28
1.3334
179
219
253
283
309
334
357
379
399
418
438
455
473
489
505
521
536
551
565
579
593
606
619
645
668
692
747
799
894
977
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 28

WATER DATA
Theoretical Discharge of Nozzles in US Gallons Per Minute
Head
lbs.
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
130
140
150
175
200
250
300
ft.
23.1
34.6
46.2
57.7
69.3
80.8
92.4
103.9
115.5
127.0
138.6
150.1
161.7
173.2
184.8
196.3
207.9
219.4
230.9
242.4
254.0
265.5
277.1
300.2
323.3
346.6
404.1
461.9
577.4
692.8
Velocity
of disch.
in ft./sec.
38.60
47.25
54.55
61.00
66.85
72.20
77.20
81.80
86.25
90.40
94.50
98.30
102.10
105.70
109.10
112.50
115.80
119.00
122.00
125.00
128.00
130.90
133.70
139.10
144.30
149.50
161.40
172.60
193.00
211.20
Diameter of Nozzle in Inches

1.50
213
260
301
336
368
398
425
451
475
498
521
542
563
582
602
620
638
656
672
689
705
720
736
767
795
824
890
950
1063
1163
1.75
289
354
409
458
501
541
578
613
647
678
708
737
765
792
818
844
868
892
915
937
960
980
1002
1043
1082
1120
1210
1294
1447
1582
2
378
463
535
598
655
708
756
801
845
886
926
964
1001
1037
1070
1103
1136
1168
1196
1226
1255
1282
1310
1365
1415
1466
1582
1691
1891
2070
2.25
479
585
676
756
828
895
957
1015
1070
1121
1172
1220
1267
1310
1354
1395
1436
1476
1512
1550
1588
1621
1659
1726
1790
1853
2000
2140
2392
2615
2.50
591
723
835
934
1023
1106
1182
1252
1320
1385
1447
1506
1565
1619
1672
1723
1773
1824
1870
1916
1961
2005
2050
2132
2212
2290
2473
2645
2955
3235
2.75
714
874
1009
1128
1236
1335
1428
1512
1595
1671
1748
1819
1888
1955
2020
2080
2140
2200
2255
2312
2366
2420
2470
2575
2650
2760
2985
3190
3570
3900
3
851
1041
1203
1345
1473
1591
1701
1802
1900
1991
2085
2165
2250
2330
2405
2480
2550
2625
2690
2755
2820
2885
2945
3070
3180
3295
3560
3800
4250
4650
3.50
1158
1418
1638
1830
2005
2168
2315
2455
2590
2710
2835
2950
3065
3170
3280
3375
3475
3570
3660
3750
3840
3930
4015
4175
4330
4485
4840
5175
5795
6330
4
1510
1850
2135
2385
2615
2825
3020
3200
3375
3540
3700
3850
4000
4135
4270
4400
4530
4655
4775
4890
5010
5120
5225
5450
5650
5850
6310
6760
7550
8260
4.50
1915
2345
2710
3025
3315
3580
3830
4055
4275
4480
4685
4875
5060
5240
5410
5575
5740
5900
6050
6200
6340
6490
6630
6900
7160
7410
8000
8550
9570
10480
5
2365
2890
3340
3730
4090
4415
4725
5000
5280
5530
5790
6020
6250
6475
6690
6890
7090
7290
7470
7650
7840
8010
8180
8530
8850
9150
9890
10580
11820
12940
5.50
2855
3490
4040
4510
4940
5340
5610
6050
6380
6690
6980
7270
7560
7820
8080
8320
8560
8800
9030
9260
9470
9680
9900
10300
10690
11070
11940
12770
14290
15620
The actual quantity discharged by a nozzle will be slightly less than in the above table.
A well-tapered smooth nozzle may be assumed to give 97% to 99% of the values in the table.
29
6
3405
4165
4810
5380
5895
6370
6810
7120
7600
7970
8330
8670
9000
9320
9630
9920
10210
10500
10770
11020
11300
11550
11800
12290
12730
13200
14250
15220
17020
18610
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 29

Friction Losses in Pipe; 1 inch (1.049" inside diameter)
Loss in feet of liquid per 1,000 feet of pipe
Figures for clean steel pipe, except those in italics which are for any pipe.
FLOW
US
gal
per
min
0.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
0.71
1.40
2.90
4.30
5.70
7.10
8.60
10.00
11.40
12.90
14.30
17.10
20.00
22.80
25.70
28.60
35.70
42.90
50.00
Kinematic viscosity centistokes

.6
1.1
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
0.14
0.43
0.71
1.4
2.9
4.3
5.7
7.1
8.6
10
11.4
12.9
14.3
17.1
20
22.8
25.7
28.6
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
3.41
6.82
13.6
20.5
27.3
34.1
40.9
47.7
54.5
61.4
115
162
212
268
326
394
583
803
80
4.08
8.16
16.3
24.5
32.6
40.8
49
57.2
65.2
73.4
81.6
167
221
279
341
405
599
842
100
5.35
10.7
21.4
32.1
42.8
53.5
64.2
74.9
85.6
96.3
107
129
150
295
365
437
651
904
435
650
Approximate SSU viscosity

0.29
0.96
3.23
6.84
11.4
17.2
24.2
32.3
41.6
51.8
62.7
89.3
120
155
194
237
368
523
708
31.5
33
35
40
0.28 0.55 0.70 1.12
1.13 1.09 1.41 2.24
3.72 4.41 4.80 4.48
7.63 9.04 9.48 10.8
12.2 14.9 15.9 17.6
19.2 22.1 23.4 26.3
26.8 30.5 32.1 36.8
35.4 40.8 42.6 47.4
45.5 51.1 54.3 59.9
56.2 63.5 66.3 73.4
68.1 76.2 80.1 88.2
95.3 106 111
122
129 140 147 160
164 181 188 205
202 224 233 254
250 272 281 308
383 410 429 464
545 582 600 640
735 780 795 852
26.4
32.0
FLOW
US
gal
per
min
0.1
0.3
0.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
2.1
50
1.93
3.86
7.72
11.6
15.4
19.3
41.3
53.8
68.2
84.9
101
142
185
234
286
342
501
712
933
60
2.68
5.36
10.7
16.1
21.5
26.8
32.2
37.5
75.3
91.7
111
151
198
257
305
372
551
759

43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325

125
1.37
4.12
6.86
13.7
27.5
41.2
55
68.7
82.4
96.2
110
124
137
165
192
220
248
470
150
1.66
4.98
8.32
16.6
32.2
49.8
66.5
83.7
99.7
117
133
150
167
200
233
266
299
332
200
2.25
6.75
11.3
22.5
45
67.5
90
113
135
158
180
203
225
270
315
360
405
450
300
3.38
10.2
16.9
33.8
67.6
102
136
169
203
237
271
303
338
406
474
541
609
677
500
5.65
17
28.3
56.5
113
170
226
283
339
395
452
508
565
678
792
904
750
8.45
25.3
42.3
84.5
169
253
338
423
507
591
676
760
845
1000
11.3
33.8
56.4
113
226
338
452
564
677
790
903
1500 2000 3000

16.9 22.6 33.8
50.7 67.8 102
85
113
169
169
226
338
338
452
676
507
678
677
904
846
Loss in lbs. per sq. inch = .433 (specific gravity) (figures in table)
30
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 30

Friction Losses in Pipe; 1.5 inch (1.610" inside diameter)
FLOW

.6
US
gal
per
min
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
1.4
2.9
4.3
5.7
7.1
8.6
11.4
14.3
17.1
21.4
28.6
35.7
42.9
57.1
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
1.1
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
1.4
2.9
4.3
5.7
7.1
8.6
11.4
14.3
17.1
21.4
28.6
35.7
42.9
57.1
71.4
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
1.23
2.46
3.68
4.91
6.14
7.37
9.83
12.3
14.7
31.1
51.1
75.2
103
170
251
347
457
580
715
863
80
1.47
2.94
4.41
5.88
7.35
8.82
11.8
14.7
17.6
21
53.8
78.9
109
178
263
362
477
602
746
898
100
1.93
3.86
5.79
7.72
9.65
11.6
15.5
19.3
23.2
29
38.6
84.7
116.5
191
281
388
508
643
792
949
435
650
2000
40.8
81.5
122
163
204
244
326
408
490
612
815
3000
60.9
122
183
244
304
365
487
609
732
914

0.13
0.42
0.86
1.43
2.11
2.90
4.97
7.51
10.4
16
27.2
41.4
58.8
102
157
224
300
389
489
601
31.5
33
35
40
50
0.10 0.20 0.25 0.41 0.69
0.49 0.39 0.51 0.83 1.39
0.98 1.17 1.25 1.24 2.08
1.63 1.92 2.07 1.65 2.78
2.42 2.83 3.05 2.06 3.47
3.36 3.89 4.18 4.69 4.17
5.60 6.44 6.87 7.77 9.02
8.34 9.58 10.1 11.6 13.2
11.6 13.4 14.0 15.6 17.9
17.4 19.6 20.7 23.2 26.5
29.5 32.9 34.6 38.2 43.9
44.8 49.5 51.8 57.5 64.6
63
69.1
72
79
89.3
107 117 122 132 150
164 178 183 198 222
233 249 259 279 306
312 333 343 369 402
403 427 440 470 516
508 536 550 585 634
624 656 670 714 774
26.4
32.0
FLOW
US
gal
per
min
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
15
20
25
30
40
50
2.1
60
0.97
1.93
2.89
3.86
4.82
5.79
7.72
9.65
19.8
29.1
47.6
70.1
97.1
160
237
330
436
551
681
820

43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325

125
2.47
4.95
7.42
9.9
12.4
14.9
19.8
24.7
29.7
37.1
49.5
61.9
124
204
302
150
3
6
9
12
15
18
24
30
36
45
60
75
90
216
317
200
4.14
8.28
12.4
16.6
20.7
24.8
33.1
41.4
49.7
62.2
82.8
103
124
166
342
300
6.09
12.2
18.3
24.4
30.4
36.5
48.7
60.9
73.2
91.4
122
152
183
244
304
500
10.2
20.3
30.4
40.6
50.7
60.8
81.2
102
122
152
203
254
304
406
507
750
15.2
30.4
45.6
60.8
76
91.2
122
152
182
228
304
380
456
608
760
1000
20.3
40.6
60.9
81.2
102
122
163
203
244
304
406
507
609
812
1500
30.4
60.8
91.3
122
152
183
243
304
365
457
608
760
913
31
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 31

FLOW

.6
US
gal
per
min
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
1.4
2.9
5.7
8.6
11.4
14.3
17.1
20
22.8
25.7
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
157
171
186
200
214
228
243
257
271
286
300
314
328
343
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
0.45
0.90
1.81
2.71
3.61
4.52
5.43
6.33
7.23
13.1
15.5
22.8
31.2
40.4
52.9
76.9
105
137
174
215
260
307
358
411
472
529
595
665
743
825
901
975
80
0.54
1.08
2.17
3.25
4.33
5.42
6.51
7.59
8.67
9.76
10.8
24.1
33
43.4
54.1
78.4
111
145
182
225
269
319
375
432
491
553
621
694
767
846
927
100
0.71
1.42
2.84
4.26
5.68
7.11
8.53
9.96
11.4
12.8
14.2
17.8
35.6
47.3
60.7
86.2
119
156
195
239
289
335
396
459
521
586
659
729
804
884
977

0.04
0.13
0.43
0.87
1.47
2.20
3.06
4.07
5.17
6.44
7.82
11.9
17
22.3
28.8
44.1
62.7
84.1
109
137
167
202
238
277
320
366
414
467
524
584
643
709
778
851
922
31.5
33
35
40
0.04 0.07 0.09 0.15
0.15 0.15 0.19 0.30
0.50 0.58 0.63 0.59
1
1.20 1.27 1.46
1.68 1.97 2.13 2.38
2.55 2.90 3.09 3.52
3.46 3.97 4.23 4.78
4.51 5.22 5.51 6.26
5.79 6.65 7.01 7.92
7.16 8.18 8.63 9.67
8.64 9.77 10.4 11.6
13
14.7 15.4 17.2
18.2 20.4 21.5 23.8
24.1
27
28.2 31.2
31
34.2
36
39.6
47.2
52
54
59.2
66.5 72.2 74.2 82.3
88.5 95.8 99.4 108
114 123 127 138
143 154 158 171
176 188 193 208
211 225 231 246
249 265 273 290
290 307 316 335
347 352 364 383
382 403 415 437
431 457 469 494
485 513 522 553
543 572 583 619
602 634 649 688
666 699 716 756
731 768 786 826
798 838 858 902
873 912 934 982
945 988
50
0.26
0.51
1.02
1.53
2.04
2.56
5.57
7.28
9.16
11.2
13.5
19.9
27.2
35.6
44.6
66.4
91.8
120
154
192
230
275
321
372
424
479
536
601
665
733
808
880
958
60
0.36
0.71
1.42
2.13
2.84
3.56
4.27
4.98
9.95
12.6
14.8
21.6
29.9
38.6
48.8
72
98.6
130
166
204
244
290
341
392
449
510
572
639
714
792
851
935
32
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 32

FLOW

26.4
US
gal
per
min
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
1.4
2.9
4.3
5.7
7.1
8.6
10
11.4
12.9
14.3
17.1
20
22.8
25.7
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
64.3
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
157
171
186
200
214
228
243
257
271
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
180
210
240
270
300
375
450
525
600
675
750
900
3000
22.4
44.9
67.4
89.9
112
135
157
180
202
224
269
314
359
404
449
562
674
786
899

125
0.91
1.82
2.73
3.64
4.56
5.47
6.38
7.29
8.20
9.11
10.9
12.7
14.6
16.4
18.2
22.8
27.3
31.9
63.0
70.8
92.8
127
162
208
257
309
364
423
487
548
622
697
775
858
947
150
1.10
2.21
3.31
4.42
5.52
6.63
7.73
8.84
9.94
11
13.3
15.5
17.7
19.9
22.1
27.6
33.1
38.7
44.2
80.2
97.1
134
176
219
270
322
379
445
510
580
655
737
808
871
986
200
1.49
2.98
4.47
5.96
7.45
8.95
10.4
11.9
13.4
14.9
18.9
20.9
23.9
26.8
29.8
37.3
44.7
52.2
59.6
67.1
74.5
146
189
238
293
352
412
463
549
627
705
792
882
962
300
2.24
4.48
6.73
8.98
11.2
13.5
15.7
18
20.2
22.4
26.9
31.4
35.9
40.3
44.9
56.1
67.3
78.5
89.8
101
112
135
157
180
327
388
465
537
618
703
792
887
500
3.74
7.49
11.2
15
18.7
22.5
26.2
30
33.7
37.4
44.9
52.4
59.9
67.4
74.9
93.6
112
131
150
168
187
225
262
300
337
374
412
449
487
524
909
750
5.6
11.2
16.8
22.4
28
33.6
39.2
34.8
50.4
56
67.3
78.4
89.6
101
112
140
168
196
224
252
280
336
392
448
504
560
617
673
728
784
840
896
952
1000
7.48
15
22.4
29.9
37.4
44.8
52.3
59.8
67.3
74.8
89.7
105
120
135
150
187
224
262
299
336
374
448
523
598
673
748
823
898
1500
11.2
22.4
33.6
44.8
56
67.2
78.4
89.6
101
112
135
157
179
202
224
280
336
392
448
503
560
672
784
896
33
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 33

FLOW

.6
US
gal
per
min
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
14
17.1
20
22.8
25.7
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
64.3
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
157
171
186
200
214
228
243
257
271
286
314
343
371
400
429
457
486
514
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
2.22
2.67
3.11
3.56
4
4.44
9.79
13.5
17.7
22.1
27.1
32.5
44.7
58.5
74.2
91.2
109
130
151
176
198
223
253
283
311
339
373
448
522
599
686
775
875
980
80
2.66
3.19
3.73
4.26
4.80
5.33
6.66
14.1
18.5
23.2
28.4
34.1
46.7
61.5
77.5
95.3
115
135
158
181
209
234
262
290
322
356
391
461
539
621
710
803
903
100
3.50
4.19
4.89
5.59
6.28
6.98
8.73
10.5
20
25
30.6
36.8
50.4
66
82.7
103
123
146
169
194
221
250
281
312
345
378
417
486
573
660
758
849
952

0.92
1.28
1.68
2.15
2.68
3.23
4.88
6.87
9.18
11.8
14.8
18.1
25.6
34.2
44.1
55.2
67.2
80.9
95.7
112
129
147
167
188
210
233
258
310
367
429
497
568
643
725
809
31.5
1.05
1.47
1.92
2.43
2.99
3.61
5.39
7.57
9.97
12.8
15.9
19.3
27.2
36.2
46.7
58.8
72.3
86.2
102
118
136
155
175
196
219
243
269
322
381
445
513
586
663
745
835
33
1.23
1.70
2.23
2.81
3.46
4.27
6.17
8.55
11.3
14.3
17.7
21.4
29.9
39.6
50.6
63.2
76.7
92.4
108
125
144
165
187
210
234
260
286
343
404
470
540
617
695
776
866
35
1.31
1.80
2.37
2.99
3.68
4.42
6.55
9.07
11.8
15
18.7
22.4
31.1
41.4
53
65.4
79.4
94.8
112
130
150
170
191
214
239
265
292
351
416
482
556
632
716
800
892
40
50
60
1.48 1.26 1.75
2.04 1.51 2.10
2.65 3.09 2.45
3.34 3.86 2.80
4.21 4.77 5.26
4.94 5.73 6.26
7.31 8.42 9.2
10.1 11.5 12.6
13.3 15.1 16.4
16.8
19
20.7
20.8 23.5 25.6
24.9 28.3 30.6
34.2 39.1 42.1
45.2 51.4 55.4
57.3 64.5 69.7
70.9
80
86.6
85.8 96.3 104
103 113 121
121 133 143
139 155 166
160 176 188
181 198 212
203 224 238
226 248 267
253 277 297
280 306 328
308 334 357
369 400 427
436 469 494
505 543 575
580 630 657
659 705 748
747 799 837
839 894 933
936 994
34
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 34

FLOW

26.4
US
gal
per
min
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
220
240
260
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
1.4
2.9
5.7
8.6
11.4
14.3
17.1
20
22.8
25.7
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
64.3
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
157
171
186
200
214
228
243
257
271
286
314
343
371
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
7.38
14.8
29.5
44.3
59.1
73.8
88.6
103
118
133
148
185
222
258
295
332
369
443
517
591
665
738
812
886
960
3000
11
22
44.1
66.2
88.2
110
132
154
176
198
220
276
331
386
441
496
551
662
772
882
993

125
0.45
0.90
1.79
2.69
3.58
4.48
5.38
6.27
7.16
8.06
8.96
11.2
13.4
15.7
17.9
33
39.2
54
70
87.7
110
130
154
180
206
234
265
296
328
364
403
438
522
612
711
150
0.54
1.09
2.17
3.26
4.34
5.43
6.51
7.60
8.68
9.77
10.9
13.6
16.3
19
21.7
24.4
27.2
56.5
73.5
93.4
115
137
164
188
216
247
279
312
345
384
420
457
540
633
732
200
0.73
1.47
2.93
4.40
5.87
7.33
8.8
10.3
11.7
13.2
14.7
18.3
22
25.6
29.3
33
36.6
44
51.3
101
125
148
176
205
232
267
305
338
373
412
454
493
586
682
782
300
1.10
2.20
4.41
6.62
8.82
11
13.2
15.4
17.6
19.8
22
27.6
33.1
38.6
44.2
49.6
55.2
66.2
77.2
88.3
99.3
110
197
226
263
299
333
374
415
461
514
550
658
760
867
500
1.84
3.68
7.36
11
14.7
18.4
22.1
25.7
29.4
33.1
36.8
46
55.2
64.4
73.6
82.8
92
110
129
147
166
184
202
221
239
257
276
294
312
530
587
628
752
866
750
2.75
5.5
11
16.5
22
27.5
33
38.5
44
49.5
55
68.8
82.5
96.3
110
124
138
165
193
220
248
275
303
330
358
385
413
440
468
495
523
550
605
660
715
1000
3.67
7.35
14.7
22
29.4
36.7
44.1
51.4
58.8
66.1
73.4
91.8
110
129
147
165
184
220
257
294
330
367
403
441
477
514
551
588
624
661
698
734
808
881
955
1500
5.52
11
22.1
33.1
44.1
55.2
66.2
77.2
88.2
99.3
110
138
165
193
221
248
276
331
386
441
497
552
607
662
717
772
827
882
937
993
35
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 35

FLOW

.6
US
gal
per
min
8
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550
575
600
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
11.4
14.3
21.4
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
171
200
228
257
286
322
357
393
429
464
500
536
571
607
643
679
714
750
786
822
857
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
0.74
0.93
1.40
1.86
2.33
4.83
6.35
7.93
11.7
16
20.9
26.4
32.4
39
53.4
70
87.9
109
131
164
195
233
273
316
361
407
458
511
568
625
684
748
814
886
960
80
0.89
1.11
1.67
2.23
2.79
3.35
6.61
8.37
12.3
16.8
21.9
27.7
33.8
40.8
56.4
73.2
92.3
114
137
169
204
243
281
325
373
424
476
529
587
646
707
770
838
912
989
100
1.18
1.47
2.20
2.93
3.66
4.40
5.13
5.87
13.2
18
23.6
29.8
36.3
43.6
60
78.6
98.2
122
146
180
218
258
298
345
396
448
498
550
619
682
750
821
890
962

0.22
0.32
0.70
1.12
1.69
2.36
3.13
4.03
6.10
8.57
11.5
14.7
18.4
22.4
31.8
42.4
54.8
69
84.7
107
131
158
187
218
253
288
328
368
410
457
504
555
606
663
721
31.5
0.25
0.37
0.76
1.27
1.93
2.64
3.48
4.42
6.70
9.32
12.4
15.9
19.9
24.2
34.1
45.6
58
72.7
88.9
112
137
164
193
225
260
298
339
381
427
473
524
574
627
685
742
33
0.29
0.43
0.89
1.47
2.23
2.99
3.97
5.02
7.5
10.4
13.8
17.5
21.8
26.3
36.9
49.4
63.3
78.7
95.7
120
147
175
204
238
275
314
354
397
443
493
544
597
651
708
767
35
0.32
0.47
0.94
1.57
2.31
3.22
4.21
5.29
7.93
11
14.5
18.4
22.8
27.5
38.6
50.9
65.4
81.6
99.4
124
151
180
212
247
283
322
363
407
455
504
555
609
665
723
783
40
50
60
0.24 0.42 0.59
0.54 0.53 0.73
1.07 0.79 1.10
1.78 2.07 1.46
2.61 3.01 3.29
3.60 4.12 4.50
4.66 5.41 5.89
5.90 6.8 7.46
8.76 10.1 10.9
12
13.7
15
15.9
18
19.6
20.3 22.9 24.6
25
28
30.4
30.2 33.7 36.4
41.9 46.8 50.5
55.4 65.5
66
70.4 79.1 83.8
87.2 97.2 104
106 117 125
132 145 155
160 175 188
191 208 226
225 244 260
261 283 300
300 324 344
341 367 388
385 414 436
432 463 488
480 515 543
532 571 599
587 627 658
644 688 720
703 748 783
761 814 852
820 882 919
36
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 36

FLOW

26.4
US
gal
per
min
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
5.7
8.6
11.4
14.3
17.1
20
22.8
25.7
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
171
200
228
257
286
322
357
393
429
464
500
536
571
607
643
679
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
12.4
18.5
24.7
30.9
37.1
43.3
49.5
55.6
61.8
77.3
92.7
108
124
154
185
216
247
278
309
371
433
495
556
618
696
773
850
927
3000
18.5
27.7
36.9
46.2
55.5
64.7
73.9
83.2
92.4
115
139
162
185
231
277
323
369
416
462
555
647
739
832
924

125
0.75
1.13
1.50
1.88
2.25
2.63
3
3.38
3.76
4.69
5.63
6.57
7.51
9.39
19.2
25.3
31.6
38.9
46.1
64
83.9
106
131
157
191
229
271
316
364
415
469
526
587
652
718
150
0.91
1.37
1.82
2.28
2.73
3.18
3.64
4.09
4.55
5.69
6.83
7.97
9.1
11.4
13.7
26.8
33.6
40.9
49.5
67.6
89.1
111
137
163
204
242
285
331
381
436
493
550
612
675
744
200
1.23
1.84
2.45
3.06
3.68
4.29
4.90
5.52
6.13
7.67
9.2
10.7
12.3
15.3
18.4
21.5
24.7
44.6
53
72.9
94.9
120
148
179
223
261
311
361
416
467
528
592
656
728
801
300
1.85
2.77
3.70
4.62
5.55
6.47
7.39
8.31
9.24
11.5
13.9
16.2
18.5
23.1
27.7
32.3
37
41.6
46.2
55.5
108
135
164
198
242
291
343
398
458
523
586
656
728
802
889
500
3.08
4.62
6.16
7.70
9.24
10.8
12.3
13.9
15.4
19.3
23.1
27
30.8
38.5
46.2
53.9
61.6
69.3
77
92.4
108
123
139
154
279
332
396
456
527
593
672
751
834
928
750
4.62
6.92
9.23
11.5
13.8
16.2
18.5
20.8
23.1
28.8
34.6
40.3
46.2
57.7
69.2
80.8
92.3
104
115
138
162
185
208
231
260
288
317
346
375
672
746
843
937
1000
6.16
9.24
12.3
15.4
18.5
21.5
24.6
27.7
30.8
38.5
46.2
53.8
61.6
77
92.4
108
123
139
154
185
215
246
277
308
346
385
423
462
500
538
577
616
654
1500
9.25
13.9
18.5
23.1
27.7
32.3
37
41.6
46.2
57.7
69.3
80.9
92.5
115
139
162
185
208
231
277
323
370
416
462
520
577
635
693
751
809
867
925
982
37
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 37

FLOW

.6
US
gal
per
min
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
64.3
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
171
200
228
257
286
322
357
393
429
464
500
536
571
607
643
679
714
786
857
929
1000
1070
1140
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
60
70
0.82 1.04
1.67 1.30
2.30 1.56
2.97 3.18
3.70
4
4.57 4.91
5.42 5.87
7.41 7.97
9.76 10.4
12.3 13
15 16.1
18 19.3
25 26.3
33.1 34.6
41.8 43.9
50.8 54
61.8 65.5
75.9 80.1
92.7 96.9
110 115
128 135
147 154
169 178
191 200
213 225
238 252
265 280
292 310
321 340
385 407
452 466
522 540
597 621
682 704
765 794
80
1.25
1.56
1.87
2.18
4.21
5.19
6.20
8.41
10.9
13.7
16.8
20.2
27.7
36
45.6
56.3
68
84.3
101
120
140
161
183
207
233
259
287
319
350
415
480
557
637
725
815
100
1.64
2.05
2.46
2.87
3.28
3.69
6.64
9.21
11.9
14.9
18.3
21.7
29.7
39.1
49
60.1
72.2
88.8
107
127
148
171
194
220
248
279
309
336
368
440
510
587
675
769
861

0.56
0.82
1.15
1.53
1.95
2.46
2.95
4.17
6.78
7.19
8.92
10.8
15.4
20.5
26.4
33
40.3
50.7
62.6
75.4
89.2
104
121
138
156
176
196
219
241
290
343
400
464
532
606
31.5
0.63
0.93
1.29
1.70
2.17
2.68
3.25
4.54
6.02
7.72
9.59
11.7
16.4
22
28.3
35
43
53.2
65
77.9
92.2
108
124
142
161
181
203
225
249
300
355
414
480
548
624
33
0.72
1.08
1.50
1.94
2.49
3.03
3.68
5.12
6.78
8.57
10.6
12.9
18.1
23.9
30.9
38
46.3
57.7
70.9
84.6
99.6
116
133
152
171
192
213
235
259
311
367
428
494
567
641
35
0.78
1.14
1.57
2.08
2.68
3.22
3.90
5.38
7.11
8.79
11.2
13.6
18.7
24.9
31.9
39.6
48
59.7
72.7
87.1
103
120
138
157
178
200
221
244
268
323
377
440
505
576
652
40
0.88
1.29
1.78
2.31
2.91
3.59
4.32
6
7.84
9.81
12.5
14.8
20.5
27.3
35
42.5
51.4
64.7
78.9
93.3
109
127
146
167
188
211
234
257
282
340
399
461
532
604
684
50
1.03
1.52
2.09
2.68
3.35
4.11
4.98
6.82
8.87
11.2
13.9
16.8
22.9
30.5
38.4
47.7
57.1
71.2
86.5
102
119
138
159
181
203
225
250
276
304
365
426
498
572
651
730
38
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 38

FLOW

26.4
US
gal
per
min
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
550
600
650
700
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
14.3
21.4
28.6
35.7
42.9
50
57.1
64.3
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
171
200
228
257
286
322
357
393
429
464
500
536
571
607
643
679
714
786
857
929
1000
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
16.9
25.4
33.8
42.3
50.7
59.2
67.6
76.1
84.5
101
118
135
152
169
203
236
270
304
338
380
422
465
507
549
592
634
676
718
761
803
845
930
3000
25.8
38.8
51.7
64.7
77.6
90.6
103
116
129
155
181
207
233
258
310
362
413
466
517
582
647
711
776
840
906
970

125
1.05
1.57
2.10
2.62
3.15
3.67
4.20
4.72
5.25
6.3
12.8
16.1
19.6
23.6
31.9
41.5
52.3
64.6
77.3
94.4
114
134
157
181
206
234
261
291
322
353
389
459
538
620
708
150
1.27
1.91
2.54
3.18
3.82
4.45
5.09
5.73
6.36
7.64
8.91
16.9
20.8
24.8
34
43.8
55.3
67.3
81.5
99.8
120
141
164
188
215
245
274
303
337
368
403
481
566
648
735
200
1.72
2.58
3.44
4.29
5.15
6.01
6.87
7.73
8.59
10.3
12
13.7
15.5
17.2
37.1
48.2
60.5
73.9
87.9
108
129
153
178
205
233
262
291
325
359
395
433
514
600
690
789
300
2.58
3.88
5.17
6.47
7.76
9.05
10.3
11.6
12.9
15.5
18.1
20.7
23.3
25.9
31
36.2
67.7
83.4
99.9
122
146
172
198
227
258
291
326
363
402
440
482
566
658
755
863
500
4.32
6.47
8.63
10.8
13
15.1
17.3
19.4
21.6
25.9
30.2
34.5
38.8
43.2
51.8
60.4
69.1
77.7
86.3
97.1
108
199
233
266
301
339
379
419
462
505
551
648
749
865
987
750
6.46
9.68
12.9
16.1
19.4
22.6
25.8
29
32.3
38.8
45.2
51.6
58.1
64.6
77.5
90.4
103
116
129
145
161
177
194
210
226
242
423
473
525
572
626
733
851
978
1000
8.62
12.9
17.3
21.6
25.9
30.2
34.5
38.8
43.1
51.8
60.4
69
77.6
86.2
104
121
138
155
173
194
216
237
259
280
302
323
345
367
388
410
431
795
923
1500
12.9
19.4
25.8
32.3
38.8
45.3
51.7
58.2
64.7
77.6
90.6
103
116
129
155
181
207
233
258
291
323
356
388
420
452
485
517
550
582
614
647
712
776
841
906
39
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 39

FLOW

.6
US
Bbl
gal
per
per
hr
min (42gal) 20
28.6 0.30
30
42.9 0.62
40
57.1 1.05
50
71.4 1.58
60
85.7 2.22
70
100 2.96
80
114 3.79
90
129 4.72
100
143 5.77
120
171 8.09
140
200 10.8
160
228 13.9
180
257 17.4
200
286 21.4
220
314 25.6
240
343 30.3
260
371 35.4
280
400 40.8
300
429 46.6
350
500 62.7
400
571 81.4
450
643 102
500
714 125
550
786 151
600
857 179
650
929 209
700 1000 242
750 1070 276
800
1140 314
850 1215 355
900 1285 396
950 1360 441
1000 1430 488
1100 1570 587
1200 1715 699
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6

31.5
0.34
0.70
1.18
1.76
2.44
3.24
4.16
5.15
6.27
8.81
11.7
15
18.7
22.7
27.2
32
37.2
42.7
48.7
65.6
84.7
106
130
157
185
216
249
285
324
364
408
451
500
602
712
33
0.40
0.82
1.35
2.02
2.80
3.69
4.67
5.77
6.91
9.66
12.9
16.4
20.4
24.9
29.8
34.9
40.4
46.4
53
70.6
90.4
113
137
165
195
228
260
298
337
378
424
470
521
627
741
35
0.43
0.87
1.44
2.13
2.93
3.88
4.93
6.08
7.33
10.2
13.4
17.1
21.5
25.9
30.8
36.1
42
48.2
54.8
72.8
93.7
117
142
170
200
231
267
305
345
387
434
481
527
634
754
40
0.49
0.98
1.62
2.37
3.27
4.31
5.44
6.72
8.12
11.2
14.8
18.8
23.2
28
33.2
38.8
45
51.7
58.8
77.9
99.8
124
151
180
212
246
283
321
362
406
453
502
550
659
780
50
0.57
1.14
1.86
2.75
3.77
4.93
6.20
7.63
9.15
12.7
16.6
21.1
26
31.4
37.3
43.4
50.1
57.4
64.9
85.4
109
135
164
195
229
266
306
348
392
438
486
536
591
708
835
60
70
80
100
0.50 0.63 0.75 0.99
1.25 0.95 1.13 1.48
2.04 2.20 1.51 1.96
3
3.21 3.40 2.47
4.12 3.29 4.62 5.01
5.39 5.72 6.03 6.53
6.78 7.23 7.55 8.17
8.32 8.87 9.29
10
9.97 10.6 11.2
12
13.6 14.6 15.3 16.5
17.9 19
20
21.6
22.7 24
25.2 27.2
28.1 29.6 30.8 33.3
33.7 35.7 36.9
40
40.2 42.3
44
47
46.8 49.1 51.4 54.6
53.9 56.7 59.3 62.7
61.6 65
67.4 71.3
69.6 73.3
76
81
91.2 96.2 101 107
116 122 127 135
144 151 157 167
174 182 189 201
206 216 224 239
242 253 263 278
280 291 303 319
322 333 346 365
366 377 391 414
411 426 439 465
459 476 489 519
510 531 543 574
563 584 600 632
621 641 662 694
740 765 790 822
869 898 924 966
40
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 40

FLOW

26.4
US
gal
per
min
15
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
325
350
375
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
21.4
28.6
42.9
57.1
71.4
85.7
100
114
129
143
171
200
228
257
286
314
343
371
400
429
464
500
536
571
643
714
786
857
929
1000
1070
1140
1215
1285
1360
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
15.7
20.9
31.3
41.8
52.2
62.7
73.2
83.6
94.1
105
125
146
167
188
209
230
251
272
292
313
340
366
392
418
470
523
575
627
680
732
784
836
889
941
993
3000
23.4
31.2
46.8
62.5
78.1
93.7
109
125
141
156
187
218
250
281
312
343
375
406
437
468
508
547
585
625
703
781
860
937

125
0.95
1.27
1.90
2.54
3.17
3.80
4.44
8.81
10.8
12.9
17.6
22.9
29
35.5
42.6
50.3
58.5
67.2
76.4
85.8
98.5
112
127
143
178
213
252
296
338
386
437
490
544
603
666
150
1.15
1.54
2.30
3.08
3.84
4.61
5.38
6.15
11.3
13.7
18.6
24.3
30.3
37.4
45
53
61.5
70.8
80.5
90.8
104
118
133
149
184
221
263
305
353
402
455
510
570
629
696
200
1.55
2.07
3.11
4.15
5.18
6.22
7.25
8.29
9.33
10.4
20.3
26.5
33.2
40.7
48.7
57.1
65.1
76.8
87.2
98.5
113
128
145
162
198
237
280
328
378
433
488
546
608
674
743
300
2.34
3.12
4.68
6.25
7.81
9.37
10.9
12.5
14.1
15.6
18.8
21.9
25
45.7
54.8
64.7
74.7
85.7
97.3
110
125
143
161
180
222
265
313
364
419
474
533
570
663
739
813
500
3.91
5.21
7.82
10.4
13
15.6
18.2
20.8
23.4
26
31.2
36.4
41.7
46.9
52.1
57.3
62.5
67.7
73
127
146
166
187
208
254
305
360
417
480
546
616
687
763
844
927
750
5.85
7.8
11.7
15.6
19.5
23.4
27.3
31.2
35.1
39
46.8
54.6
62.4
70.2
78
85.8
93.6
101
109
117
127
136
146
156
285
343
404
467
528
608
685
764
848
939
1000
7.8
10.4
15.6
20.8
26
31.2
36.4
41.6
46.8
52
62.4
72.8
83.2
93.6
104
114
125
135
146
156
169
182
195
208
234
260
286
507
583
663
745
830
920
1500
11.7
15.6
23.4
31.2
39
46.8
54.6
62.4
70.2
78
93.7
109
125
140
156
172
187
203
218
234
254
273
293
312
351
390
429
468
507
546
585
624
663
41
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 41

FLOW

.6
US
Bbl
gal
per
per
hr
min (42gal) 75
107 0.45
100
143 0.77
125
178 1.14
150
214 1.61
175
250 2.13
200
286 2.75
225
322 3.42
250
357 4.15
275
393 4.99
300
429 5.87
350
500 7.90
400
571 10.2
450
643 12.8
500
714 15.6
550
786 18.8
600
857 22.1
650
929 25.8
700 1000 29.7
750 1070 33.9
800
1140 38.3
900 1285 48.5
1000 1430 59.5
1100 1570 71.6
1200 1715 84.6
1400 2000 115
1600 2285 150
1800 2570 188
2000 2860 231
2200 3140 277
2400 3430 330
2600 3710 387
2800 4000 449
3000 4285 515
3250 4640 605
3500 5000 697
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
0.93
1.52
2.23
3.08
3.97
5.02
6.16
7.47
8.86
10.3
13.5
17
20.1
25.1
29.6
35
40.4
46.3
51.8
58.5
72.8
87.6
104
121
161
207
256
311
371
430
500
574
655
757
869
80
100
0.98 0.72
1.62 1.74
2.35 2.57
3.20 3.46
4.24 4.51
5.31 5.69
6.45 7.05
7.77 8.41
9.18 9.81
10.8 11.4
14.2
15
18
19.1
21.8 23.7
26.4 28.5
29.9 33.4
36.2 38.8
41.8 44.7
47.9 51.3
54
57.2
60.9 64.3
74.6 79.9
91
95.9
109 114
126 133
167 177
213 224
264 278
320 334
382 398
448 470
520 543
595 621
666 706
777 817
897 938

31.5
0.49
0.85
1.27
1.78
2.37
3
3.74
4.55
5.42
6.38
8.45
10.9
13.6
16.6
19.8
23.3
27.2
31.2
35.6
40.5
50.7
62.2
74.8
87.9
118
153
193
237
286
341
395
458
526
613
711
33
0.58
0.96
1.43
2.01
2.63
3.34
4.17
5.07
6.02
7.06
9.38
11.8
14.8
18
21.5
25.1
29.2
33.5
38.2
43.2
54.4
66.4
79.4
93.4
126
162
203
247
297
352
408
470
536
629
729
35
0.61
1.01
1.51
2.09
2.79
3.55
4.38
5.21
6.28
7.37
9.8
12.5
15.5
18.7
22.3
26.2
30.4
34.9
39.7
44.4
55.6
67.5
80.8
95.6
128
164
206
253
303
356
418
482
550
641
739
40
0.68
1.14
1.68
2.32
3.04
3.85
4.78
5.76
6.88
8.09
10.5
13.4
16.7
20.4
24.3
28.4
32.8
37.5
42.5
47.8
59.3
72.4
86.7
102
135
173
216
264
316
374
433
497
567
665
771
50
0.80
1.30
1.95
2.66
3.52
4.41
5.39
6.94
7.60
8.94
11.8
15
18.5
22.6
26.8
31.1
36.1
41.1
46.7
52.7
65.4
79.3
94.5
111
146
187
232
284
338
395
461
526
597
701
808
60
0.86
1.42
2.10
2.86
3.74
4.76
5.89
7.11
8.35
9.69
12.6
16
19.7
24
28.5
33.2
38.5
44.2
49.9
56.1
69.1
83.4
99.6
117
155
199
246
296
354
417
485
553
628
729
841
42
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 42

FLOW

26.4
US
Bbl
gal
per
per
hr
min (42gal) 125
50
71.4 0.62
75
107 0.92
100
143 1.23
125
178 2.75
150
214 3.75
175
250 4.90
200
286 6.10
225
322 7.43
250
357 8.91
275
393 10.6
300
429 12.3
350
500 15.9
400
571 20.1
450
643 24.7
500
714
30
550
786 35.6
600
857 41.5
650
929 47.7
700 1000 54.1
750 1070 60.8
800
1140
68
900 1285 83.9
1000 1430 101
1100 1570 120
1200 1715 140
1400 2000 184
1600 2285 234
1800 2570 292
2000 2860 350
2200 3140 417
2400 3430 487
2600 3710 564
2800 4000 645
3000 4285 734
3200 4570 827
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
10.1
15.2
20.3
25.3
30.4
35.5
40.5
45.6
50.7
55.8
60.9
71
81.1
91.3
101
112
122
132
142
152
162
183
203
223
243
284
324
591
707
833
968
3000
15.1
22.7
30.2
37.8
45.4
53
60.6
68.1
75.7
83.2
90.8
106
121
136
151
166
182
197
212
227
242
272
302
333
363
424
484
545
605
666
726
787

150
0.74
1.12
1.49
1.86
3.96
5.17
6.51
7.93
9.43
11.1
12.9
17.1
21.3
26
31.3
36.9
43.1
50
57
64.4
72.1
88.5
106
125
146
193
244
299
364
435
507
587
669
751
850
200
1.00
1.51
2.01
2.51
3.01
5.62
7.07
8.66
10.4
12.2
14.2
18.3
23.1
28.6
34.1
40.2
46.4
53.4
60.8
68.5
76.9
95.2
115
136
158
206
260
322
387
459
535
620
714
805
909
300
1.51
2.27
3.03
3.79
4.54
5.30
6.06
6.82
7.57
13.7
15.9
20.8
26.2
31.9
38
44.6
51.7
59.6
68.6
76.8
85.7
105
126
148
173
230
288
350
425
510
585
677
773
867
982
500
2.52
3.78
5.05
6.31
7.58
8.84
10.1
11.4
12.6
13.9
15.1
17.7
20.2
36.9
44.2
52.1
59.1
69.4
78.8
88.5
97.8
120
144
171
200
258
323
399
481
573
668
769
874
993
750
3.78
5.66
7.55
9.45
11.3
13.2
15.1
17
18.9
20.8
22.6
26.4
30.2
34
37.8
41.6
45.3
49.1
88.3
99.4
111
136
163
192
220
287
363
452
535
628
730
841
954
1000
5.04
7.56
10.1
12.6
15.1
17.6
20.2
22.7
25.2
27.7
30.2
35.3
40.3
45.3
50.4
55.4
60.5
65.5
70.6
75.6
80.6
148
177
208
242
316
393
480
576
683
799
913
1500
7.57
11.4
15.1
18.9
22.7
26.5
30.3
34.1
37.8
41.7
45.4
53
60.6
68.2
75.7
83.3
90.9
98.5
106
114
121
136
151
167
182
353
445
543
652
771
885
43
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 43

Figures for clean steel pipe.
FLOW

.6
US
Bbl
gal
per
per
hr
min (42gal) 150
214 0.42
200
286 0.71
250
357 1.05
300
429 1.50
350
500 2.01
400
571 2.58
450
643 3.21
500
714 3.94
600
857 5.54
700 1000 7.44
800
1140 9.66
900 1285 12.1
1000 1430 14.8
1200 1715 21
1400 2000 28.3
1600 2285 36.7
1800 2570 46.1
2000 2860 56.5
2200 3140 67.9
2400 3430 80.8
2600 3710 94.2
2800 4000 109
3000 4285 125
3200 4570 142
3400 4860 160
3600 5140 178
3800 5425 199
4000 5715 220
4500 6425 276
5000 7145 341
5500 7855 410
6000 8570 488
6500 9280 573
7000 10000 664
7500 10700 760
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
0.84
1.38
2.04
2.80
3.69
4.64
5.70
6.82
9.48
12.4
15.8
19.4
23.3
32.4
42.6
54.1
67
81.1
96.8
114
131
149
170
191
213
237
262
289
358
433
518
609
707
810
925
80
0.88
1.45
2.14
2.93
3.85
4.83
5.96
7.18
9.83
13
16.4
20.2
24.4
33.5
44.3
56.1
69.4
83.8
99.6
117
135
155
176
197
220
244
269
295
368
447
532
623
723
829
946
100
0.96
1.57
2.30
3.15
4.13
5.21
6.38
7.91
10.6
13.9
17.4
21.5
26
35.9
47.5
59.3
73.5
88.8
105
123
142
163
184
208
232
258
285
311
385
466
555
654
755
867
984

31.5
0.47
0.78
1.18
1.65
2.19
2.78
3.48
4.23
5.95
7.96
10.2
12.8
15.6
22
29.6
38.4
48
58.8
70.2
83
97.5
112
129
146
164
183
204
225
284
348
419
498
581
673
773
33
0.53
0.89
1.33
1.85
2.45
3.12
3.85
4.69
6.61
8.71
11.1
13.8
16.8
23.7
31.8
40.6
50.8
61.9
74.4
88
103
118
135
153
172
192
212
234
294
360
433
512
601
692
789
35
0.56
0.94
1.40
1.94
2.57
3.26
4.05
4.90
6.82
9.04
11.7
14.4
17.4
24.5
32.6
42.1
52.3
63.8
76.3
90.2
105
121
138
156
174
196
217
238
300
365
439
519
609
702
806
40
0.63
1.05
1.56
2.15
2.81
3.58
4.42
5.33
7.44
9.84
12.6
15.5
18.7
26.4
35.6
44.5
55.4
67.3
80.5
94.7
110
127
145
162
182
204
226
249
311
380
457
540
630
725
827
50
0.72
1.15
1.77
2.43
3.20
4.04
5.08
5.98
8.27
10.9
13.9
17.1
20.8
28.9
38.2
48.7
60.4
73.4
87.5
103
119
136
155
174
196
217
240
265
331
404
480
567
662
763
865
60
0.79
1.30
1.92
2.65
3.46
4.37
5.39
6.49
8.89
11.9
14.8
18.4
22.2
30.7
40.7
51.9
64.5
77.7
92.1
108
125
144
164
184
206
228
251
277
345
418
500
592
686
791
897
44
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 44

FLOW

26.4
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325

US
Bbl
gal
per
per
hr
min (42gal) 125
150 200 300 500 750 1000 1500
50
71.4 0.21 0.25 0.34 0.50 0.84 1.26 1.68 2.52
100
143 0.41 0.50 0.67 1.01 1.68 2.52 3.36 5.04
150
214 1.03 0.75 1.01 1.51 2.52 3.78 5.04 7.56
200
286 1.67 1.78 1.34 2.02 3.37 5.04 6.72 10.1
250
357 2.46 2.60 2.85 2.52 4.21 6.30
8.4 12.6
300
429 3.37 3.56 3.89 3.03 5.05 7.56 10.1 15.1
350
500 4.39 4.63 5.04 5.69 5.89 8.82 11.8 17.7
400
571 5.54 5.83 6.35 7.18 6.73 10.1 13.5 20.2
450
643 6.79 7.16 7.75 8.76 7.58 11.3 15.1 22.7
500
714 8.17 8.58 9.32 10.4 8.42 12.6 16.8 25.2
550
786 9.65 10.1
11
12.3 9.26 13.9 18.5 27.8
600
857 11.2 11.8 12.8 14.3 16.6 15.1 20.2 30.3
700 1000 14.7 15.5 16.7 18.6 21.7 17.6 23.5 35.3
800
1140 18.6 19.4
21
23.4 27.1 20.1 26.9 40.3
900 1285 22.9
24
25.9 28.7 33.1 37.4 30.2 45.4
1000 1430 27.4 28.8
31
34.4 39.7 44.9 33.6 50.4
1200 1715 37.8 39.4 42.8 47.3 54.3 60.9 66.4 60.5
1400 2000 49.7
52
56.1
62
70.8 79.3 86.7 70.6
1600 2285 63.2 65.7 70.6
78
89.3 99.4 108 80.7
1800 2570 77.9 81.3 86.9 96.2 110 122 132 150
2000 2860 93.4
98
105 116 132 147 159 180
2200 3140 111
116 124 137 155 173 186 211
2400 3430 130
135 145 159 181 201 217 244
2600 3710 149
155 168 183 208 231 250 279
2800 4000 170
178 191 210 236 262 283 317
3000 4285 193
201 215 236 267 296 319 357
3200 4570 217
225 240 265 299 332 357 398
3400 4860 242
251 268 294 333 369 397 441
3600 5140 268
284 296 326 369 407 438 488
3800 5425 296
307 328 359 404 447 482 536
4000 5715 325
337 358 394 441 488 526 586
4500 6425 405
417 442 485 543 601 646 718
5000 7145 488
505 536 582 656 726 776 860
5500 7855 579
605 634 689 773 855 913
6000 8570 678

706 744 810 910 993
45
435
650
2000
3.38
6.76
10.1
13.5
16.9
20.3
23.6
27
30.4
33.8
37.2
40.5
47.3
54
60.8
67.6
81
94.5
108
122
135
149
266
306
347
389
433
480
529
582
635
777
932
3000
5.05
10.1
15.1
20.2
25.2
30.3
35.3
40.4
45.4
50.5
55.5
60.6
70.6
80.7
90.8
101
121
141
161
182
202
222
242
262
282
303
323
343
598
656
718
876
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 45

FLOW

.6
US
gal
per
min
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
10000
11000
12000
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
571
714
857
1000
1140
1285
1430
1570
1715
1855
2000
2140
2285
2570
2860
3140
3430
3710
4000
4285
5000
5715
6430
7145
7855
8570
9280
10000
10700
11400
12100
12900
14300
15700
17150
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
1.55
2.30
3.15
4.14
5.25
6.46
7.83
9.25
10.8
12.4
14.2
16.1
18.1
22.1
27
32.1
37.3
42.9
49
55.7
73.6
94.2
117
142
169
197
228
263
298
337
378
422
511
611
719
80
1.63
2.40
3.31
4.32
5.46
6.74
8.10
9.62
11.3
13
14.7
16.6
18.7
22.9
28
31.8
38.9
44.8
51
57.7
76.2
97.1
120
146
173
204
236
269
303
345
387
429
524
626
737
100
1.75
2.59
3.54
4.67
5.86
7.19
8.63
10.3
11.9
13.7
15.7
17.8
20
24.3
29.5
35
41
47.3
54.1
61.3
80.8
102
127
153
182
213
246
282
321
360
403
447
542
649
763

0.83
1.27
1.78
2.39
3.06
3.84
4.68
5.63
6.61
7.71
8.88
10.1
11.5
14.3
17.8
21.3
25.2
29.6
34.1
39.1
52.5
68
86.1
106
128
152
177
205
236
266
301
337
416
503
599
31.5
0.92
1.38
1.91
2.55
3.29
4.12
4.99
5.97
7.05
8.18
9.42
10.8
12.2
15.1
18.6
22.2
26.3
30.6
35.3
40.2
54.4
70.5
88.6
109
131
154
180
208
239
272
307
341
422
511
603
33
1.03
1.53
2.14
2.84
3.63
4.49
5.42
6.49
7.63
8.85
10.2
11.7
13.2
16.2
19.8
23.7
28
32.5
37.4
42.7
57.4
73.9
92.3
113
136
161
187
217
248
282
318
354
434
522
617
35
1.09
1.60
2.24
2.97
3.79
4.72
5.70
6.82
7.85
9.16
10.6
12
13.6
16.7
20.6
24.6
28.9
33.5
38.4
43.5
58.9
75.9
94.8
116
139
164
191
220
251
286
321
359
441
533
630
40
1.19
1.78
2.47
3.26
4.12
5.09
6.13
7.34
8.65
9.95
11.4
12.9
14.6
17.9
21.8
26.1
30.7
35.6
40.8
46.6
62.3
79.9
99.2
122
145
172
201
231
262
296
334
372
453
544
643
50
1.35
2
2.77
3.62
4.63
5.72
6.90
8.20
9.58
11
12.6
14.3
16
19.7
24
28.6
33.4
38.7
44.5
50.7
66.4
85.8
107
130
156
183
212
243
277
314
352
392
478
574
679
60
1.46
2.16
2.98
3.93
4.99
6.14
7.36
8.76
10.3
11.8
13.5
15.3
17.2
20.9
25.5
30.3
35.5
41
47.1
53.2
70.6
90.2
112
136
162
191
221
255
291
329
367
407
492
593
701
46
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 46

FLOW

26.4
US
gal
per
min
150
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
9000
10000
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
214
286
429
571
714
857
1000
1140
1285
1430
1570
1715
1855
2000
2140
2285
2570
2860
3140
3430
3710
4000
4285
5000
5715
6430
7145
7855
8570
9280
10000
10700
11400
12900
14300
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
4.08
5.43
8.15
10.9
13.6
16.3
19
21.7
24.5
27.2
29.9
32.6
35.3
38
40.8
43.5
48.9
54.3
59.8
65.2
70.7
76.1
133
180
217
266
318
373
435
499
566
638
710
869
3000
6.09
8.12
12.2
16.2
20.3
24.4
28.4
32.5
36.5
40.6
44.6
48.7
52.8
56.8
60.9
64.9
73.1
81.2
89.3
97.4
105
114
122
142
162
300
360
423
489
560
637
766
797
976

125
0.25
0.58
1.15
1.88
2.75
3.78
4.94
6.21
7.66
9.21
10.9
12.6
14.5
16.6
18.7
21
26
31.3
37
43.1
49.8
56.8
64.3
84.9
108
133
160
191
223
258
296
335
377
469
567
150 200
0.30 0.40
0.40 0.54
1.22 1.33
1.98 2.17
2.91 3.18
3.97 4.34
5.19 5.66
6.55 7.10
8.04 8.71
9.61 10.5
11.4 12.3
13.4 14.4
15.4 16.4
17.5 18.7
19.6 21.2
21.9 23.7
27.3 29.2
32.7
35
38.6 41.3
45.1 48.3
52.1 55.4
59.2 63.5
66.8 71.8
88.3 94.4
112 119
139 147
168 179
199 212
232 247
267 286
305 326
347 369
389 414
482 512
582 619
300
0.61
0.81
1.22
1.62
3.60
4.89
6.37
7.97
9.76
11.7
13.8
16
18.4
20.9
23.6
26.3
32.2
38.6
45.8
53.4
61.4
70.1
78.8
103
131
162
195
231
268
310
355
402
452
557
666
500
1.02
1.35
2.03
2.71
3.39
4.06
4.74
9.31
11.4
13.6
16
18.6
21.2
24.1
27.2
30.4
37.1
44.4
52.3
60.9
70
79.7
89.8
117
149
182
218
258
302
348
396
447
505
624
743
750
1.52
2.03
3.04
4.06
5.07
6.08
7.10
8.12
9.13
10.1
18
21
24
27.2
30.6
34.1
41.7
49.8
58.8
68.3
78.3
88.9
99.8
131
165
202
241
286
334
384
436
492
550
679
817
1000
2.03
2.71
4.06
5.41
6.77
8.12
9.47
10.8
12.2
13.5
14.9
16.2
17.6
18.9
33.3
37.2
45.5
54.4
64
74.2
85
96.1
108
142
178
218
262
309
359
411
468
529
594
729
872
1500
3.04
4.06
6.09
8.12
10.1
12.2
14.2
16.2
18.3
20.3
22.3
24.4
26.4
28.4
30.4
32.4
36.5
40.6
71.9
83.8
96.2
109
122
159
199
244
293
345
399
460
522
589
659
809
964
47
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 47

Friction Losses in Pipe; 12 inch (12" inside diameter)
FLOW

.6
US
gal
per
min
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
18000
20000
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
429
571
714
857
1000
1140
1285
1430
1715
2000
2285
2570
2860
3570
4285
5000
5715
6430
7145
7855
8570
9280
10000
10700
11400
12850
14300
15700
17150
18550
20000
21400
22850
25700
28600
1.1
2.1
2.7
4.3
7.4
10.3
13.1
15.7
20.6
70
0.40
0.66
0.97
1.39
1.75
2.22
2.74
3.29
4.58
5.98
7.59
9.4
11.4
17
23.4
30.8
39.2
48.6
58.8
70
82
94.6
109
122
139
172
210
251
295
343
395
448
506
632
771
80
0.42
0.69
1.02
1.43
1.89
2.32
2.85
3.44
4.74
6.25
7.91
9.65
11.8
17.6
24.4
32
40.6
50.2
60.7
72.3
84.7
97.8
112
127
143
176
215
257
303
351
405
459
519
645
786
100
0.46
0.75
1.10
1.50
1.96
2.47
3.05
3.68
5.04
6.65
8.39
10.4
12.5
18.5
25.8
34
43.2
53.2
64.1
76.1
89.2
103
118
134
150
186
225
268
314
364
419
476
538
673
816

0.20
0.34
0.51
0.73
0.97
1.25
1.56
1.91
2.70
3.63
4.68
5.84
7.11
11
15.7
21
27.2
34.2
42.2
50.7
60.4
70.3
81.5
93.6
106
134
165
198
236
275
319
366
416
527
646
31.5
0.23
0.38
0.56
0.79
1.05
1.35
1.69
2.05
2.88
3.85
4.96
6.20
7.56
11.6
16.4
21.9
28.4
35.7
43.8
52.6
62.2
72.4
83.4
95.7
108
137
168
203
240
281
326
372
423
535
656
33
0.26
0.43
0.64
0.89
1.18
1.51
1.86
2.26
3.13
4.19
5.38
6.73
8.16
12.4
17.5
23.3
30
37.8
46.3
55.3
65.3
76.1
87.7
99.9
113
142
174
209
247
290
334
380
432
547
671
35
0.27
0.46
0.68
0.95
1.24
1.58
1.95
2.35
3.30
4.36
5.57
6.93
8.46
12.8
18
24.1
31
38.8
47.2
56.4
66.7
77.7
89.5
102
115
145
176
213
252
294
338
386
439
551
676
40
0.30
0.51
0.75
1.04
1.37
1.75
2.16
2.59
3.59
4.76
6.02
7.50
9.11
13.6
19.1
25.6
32.8
40.8
49.7
59.4
70.3
81.4
93.8
107
120
151
185
223
261
304
351
400
452
568
696
50
0.35
0.57
0.85
1.17
1.55
1.95
2.40
2.92
4.04
5.32
6.76
8.31
10
14.7
20
27.7
35.2
43.8
53.5
64
75.2
87.2
101
114
128
160
195
233
276
321
368
419
474
596
731
60
0.38
0.62
0.96
1.26
1.66
2.10
2.59
3.13
4.25
5.71
7.24
8.96
10.8
16
22.3
29.4
37.4
46.6
56.3
67
78.4
90.9
105
119
135
167
204
244
286
332
383
436
493
616
751
48
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 48

Friction Losses in Pipe; 12 inch (12" inside diameter)
FLOW

26.4
US
gal
per
min
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
18000
20000
Bbl
per
hr
(42gal)
143
286
429
571
714
857
1000
1140
1285
1430
1715
2000
2285
2570
2860
3570
4285
5000
5715
6430
7145
7855
8570
9280
10000
10700
11400
12850
14300
15700
17150
18550
20000
21400
22850
25700
28600
32.0
43.2
65.0 108.4 162.3 216.5 325
435
650
2000
1.32
2.64
3.96
5.28
6.60
7.93
9.25
10.6
11.9
13.2
15.9
18.5
21.1
23.8
26.4
33
39.6
73.6
93.5
114
136
161
186
213
242
272
304
372
445
525
611
700
794
892
999
3000
1.98
3.95
5.93
7.91
9.89
11.9
13.8
15.8
17.8
19.8
23.7
27.7
31.6
35.6
39.5
49.4
59.3
69.2
79.1
89
98.9
181
210
241
273
306
342
419
499
589
685
787
890

125
0.08
0.16
0.49
0.80
1.18
1.61
2.10
2.64
3.22
3.88
5.37
7.04
8.87
10.9
13.2
19.7
27
35.9
45.4
56.2
67.9
80.6
93.7
108
123
140
157
195
235
280
328
381
434
490
554
689
841
150 200
0.10 0.13
0.20 0.26
0.52 0.39
0.85 0.93
1.24 1.36
1.70 1.86
2.22 2.42
2.79 3.04
3.42 3.72
4.09 4.45
5.60 6.09
7.38 7.94
9.32 9.99
11.4 12.5
13.8 14.9
20.5 21.9
28.4 30.3
37.2 39.9
47.3 50.6
58.5 62.3
70.7 74.8
84
88.9
98.2 105
113 121
129 137
146 156
163 175
202 216
244 259
291 307
339 359
393 414
451 476
510 540
573 605
705 754
861 911
300
0.20
0.39
0.59
0.79
0.99
2.10
2.73
3.42
4.19
4.99
6.85
8.9
11.2
13.7
16.5
24.2
33.4
43.8
55.4
68.2
82.4
98.2
114
131
150
168
190
235
283
336
393
455
517
583
657
807
981
500
0.33
0.66
0.99
1.32
1.65
1.98
2.30
2.63
4.86
5.84
7.94
10.3
12.9
15.8
19
27.8
38.1
49.7
62.5
77.3
92.9
110
128
148
168
189
212
262
317
374
436
503
576
653
730
908
750
0.49
0.99
1.48
1.98
2.47
2.96
3.45
3.95
4.44
4.93
5.92
11.7
14.7
17.8
21.4
31.2
42.8
55.6
70.1
85.6
103
121
141
162
185
209
235
287
347
410
477
550
630
712
797
981
1000
0.66
1.32
1.97
2.63
3.27
3.95
4.61
5.26
5.93
6.58
7.90
9.21
10.5
19.5
23.4
34
46.5
60.4
76.1
93
111
131
152
175
199
223
250
308
372
439
510
590
672
757
849
1500
0.99
1.97
2.96
3.95
4.93
5.92
6.90
7.89
8.88
9.87
11.8
13.8
15.8
17.7
19.7
24.6
52.6
68.2
85.5
105
125
147
171
197
223
251
280
343
412
483
562
649
740
836
938
49
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 49

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
Viscosity for Common Fluids
10-2
8
Fuel Oil
(sp. gr. = 0.94)
Fuel Oil
(sp. gr. = 0.97)
4
Glycerine
S.A.E. 30
Helium
2
Hydrogen
10-3
8
Crude Oil
(sp. gr. = 0.93)
S.A.E. 10
4
Methane
(Natural Gas)
Ammonia
ft.2/sec.
2
Air and Oxygen
10-4
8
Carbon Dioxide
6
Brine
(20% NaCl)
Crude Oil
(sp. gr. = 0.86)
Kerosene
2
Benzene
Ethyl Alcohol
10-5
8
Water
6
4
Gasoline
(sp. gr. = 0.68)
Carbon Tetrachloride
2
Mercury
10-6
50
100
150
200
Temperature in Fahrenheit
Kinematic viscosity versus temperature for common fluids. Courtesty of Professor Hunter Rouse.
State University of Iowa, Iowa City.
50
250
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 50

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
Vapor Pressures of Refrigerants
1000
FR
EO
-2
2
FR
EO
N
80
70
60
50
40
140
100
80
60
50
40
30
20
14
10
SU
LP
30
HE
R
DI
FR
OX
EO
ID
E
N
-1
FR FR
14
EO EO
N
N
-2
-1
FR
1
1
EO
N
-1
13
FR
EO
N
100
2
-1
20
5
2
0
5
10
10
15
AMM
ON
IA
6
5
4
3
20
22.5
25
26
27
1
-150
-100
-50
50
100
150
TEMPERATURE - DEGREES IN FAHRENHEIT ( F)
51
200
250
VACUUM- INCHES OF MERCURY
AM
200
-1
3
200
400
300
FR
EO
N
ABSOLUTE PRESSURE - LBS. PER SQUARE INCH
300
600
500
-1
4
400
A
NI
O
M
GAUGE PRESSURE - LBS. PER SQUARE INCH
985
800
800
700
600
500
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 51

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
Vapor Pressures of Common Liquids
1000
400
300
300
200
200
30
20
10
8
6
5
140
100
80
60
50
40
30
20
14
10
ET
40
N
O
CA
M
ET
H
HA AN
NO OL
L
80
70
60
50
RB
100
E
ID
OR
HL
C
A
TR
TE
5
2
0
5
10
15
20
22.5
3
25
2
26
27
50
100
150
200
250
300
52
350
400
400
TR
IC
HL
OR
OE
TH
Y
W
AT LEN
ER
E
600
500
985
800
800
700
600
500
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 52

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
Vapor Pressures of Light Hydrocarbons
1000
300
200
ET
HY
LE
NE
200
TA
NE
30
20
20
14
10
BU
5
2
0
5
IS
O
10
60
50
40
30
TA
NE
ET
HA
NE
40
100
80
BU
80
70
60
50
140
PR
OP
YL
EN
E
PR
OP
AN
E
100
10
15
6
5
20
22.5
3
25
2
26
27
1
-200
-150
-100
-50
50
100
53
150
200
400
AC
ET
YL
EN
E
300
600
500
ME
TH
AN
E
400
985
800
800
700
600
500
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 53

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
Metric Conversion Table
To Convert
From
To
Multiply
By
To Convert
From
Length
To
Multiply
By
Length
mm
cm
meters
meters
inches
inches
inches
feet
meters
km
km
km
yards
feet
yards
miles
.03937
.3937
39.37
3.281
1.0936
3,280.8
1,093.6
.6214
inches
inches
inches
feet
mm
cm
meters
meters
feet
yards
yards
miles
km
meters
km
km
Area
25.40
2.540
.0254
.3048
.0003048
.9144
.0009144
1.609
Area
sq mm
sq cm
sq meters
sq inches
sq inches
sq feet
.00155
.155
10.764
sq inches
sq inches
sq feet
sq mm
sq cm
sq meters
645.2
6.452
.09290
sq meters
sq km
hectares
sq yards
sq miles
acres
1.196
.3861
2.471
sq yards
sq miles
acres
sq meters
sq km
hectares
.8361
2.590
.4047
cm
cm
meters
meters
cu inches
fl ounces
cu feet
cu yards
.06102
.03381
35.314
1.308
inches
inches
feet
feet
cu cm
liters
cu meters
liters
16.387
.01639
.02832
28.317
cu meters
liters
liters
liters
US gal
cu inches
cu feet
US gal
264.2
61.023
.03531
.2642
cu yards
fl ounces
US gal
US gal
cu meters
cu cm
cu meters
liters
.7646
29.57
.003785
3.785
grams
grams
kg
grains
ounces
ounces
15.432
.0353
35.27
grains
ounces
ounces
grams
grams
kg
.0648
28.350
.02835
kg
kg
kg
pounds
US tons
long tons
pounds
US tons
long tons
kg
tonnes
kg
.4536
.000454
907.2
tonnes
tonnes
tonnes
pounds
US tons
long tons
pounds
US tons
long tons
tonnes
kg
tonnes
Volume
cu
cu
cu
cu
Volume
cu
cu
cu
cu
Weight
Weight
2.2046
.001102
.000984
2,204.6
1.1023
.9842
avoirdupois pounds and ounces.
54
.9072
1,016.0
1.0160
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 54

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
Metric Conversion Table
To Convert
From
To
Multiply
By
To Convert
From
Unit Weight
gr/sq cm
gr/cu cm
kg/sq cm
kg/cu m
kg/m
lb/sq
lb/cu
lb/sq
lb/cu
lb/ft
.01422
.0361
14.22
.0624
.6720
lb/ft
lb/sq
lb/sq
lb/cu
lb/cu
Unit Volume
US gpm
cfm
US gpm
cu m/min
cu m/hr
cu m/hr
cfm
cfm
US gpm
in
in
in
ft
kg/m
gr/sq cm
kg/sq cm
gr/cu cm
kg/cu m
1.4881
70.31
.07031
27.68
16.018
Unit Volume
.2642
.03531
.0044
35.314
.5886
4.4028
US gpm
US gpm
US gpm
liters/min
liters/hr
cu m/hr
cfm
cfm
cfm
liters/min
cu m/min
cu m/hr
Power
3.785
227.1
.2271
28.317
.02832
1.6992
Power
ft-lb/sec
hp
hp
hp
.7376
.00134
1.3410
.9863
ft-lb/sec
hp
hp
hp
Btu
Btu
Btu/lb
Btu/sq ft
Btu/cu ft
.003969
3.9693
1.800
3.687
.1124
Btu
Btu
Btu/lb
Btu/sq ft
Btu/cu ft
Heat
gr-cal
kg-cal
kg-cal/kg
gr-cal/sq cm
kg-cal/cu m
Multiply
By
Unit Weight
in
in
in
ft
liters/min
liters/min
liters/hr
watts
watts
kw
cheval-vap
To
watts
watts
kw
cheval-vap
1.356
745.7
.7457
1.0139
Heat
Work or Energy
joules
meter-kg
gr-cal
kg-cal
ft-lb
ft-lb
ft-lb
ft-lb
hp-hr
kwhr
Btu
ft-lb
ft-lb
ft-lb
gr-cal
252.0
kg-cal
.252
kg-cal/kg
.5556
gr-cal/sq cm
.2713
kg-cal/cu m
8.899
Work or Energy
.7376
7.2330
3.087
3,087.0
1,980,000.0
2,655,000.0
778.0
ft-lb
ft-lb
ft-lb
ft-lb
joules
meter-kg
gr-cal
kg-cal
ft-lb
ft-lb
ft-lb
hp-hr
kwhr
Btu
55
1.356
.1383
.3239
.000324
5.05 x 107
3.766 x 107
.001285
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 55

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
English Conversion Table
To Convert
From
To
Multiply
By
To Convert
From
Length
Multiply
By
To
Volume
inches
inches
feet
feet
feet
yards
inches
yards
feet
yards
yards
miles
feet
miles
.0833
.0278
12.0
.3333
cu.
cu.
cu.
cu.
inches
inches
inches
feet
.0001894 cu feet
3.0
cu. feet
.0005682 cu. yards
cu. yards
Area
cu. feet
cu. yards
US gal.
cu. inches
.0005787
.0002143
.004329
1,728.0
cu. yards
.03704
US gal.
7.481
cu. inches 46,656.0
cu. feet
27.0
Weight (Avoirdupois)
sq. inches
sq. inches
sq. feet
sq. feet
sq. yards
sq. inches
.00694
.000772
144.0
sq. feet
sq. yards
sq. yards
sq. yards
sq. inches
sq. feet
.11111
1,296.0
9.0
sq. yards
acres
acres
acres
sq. feet
sq. yards
.000207
43,560.0
4,840.0
grains
ounces
ounces
ounces
grains
pounds
pounds
pounds
pounds
ounces
US tons
long tons
US tons
long tons
pounds
pounds
.002286
437.5
.0625
16.0
.0005
.000446
2,000.0
2,240.0
Circumference of Circle = 3.1416 x diameter = 6.2832 x radius

Area of Circle = .7854 x (diameter)2 = 3.1416 x (radius)2
Area of Sphere = 3.1416 x (diameter)2
Volume of Sphere = .5236 x (diameter)3
1 pound per square inch is equivalent to .06804 atmospheres
Affinity Laws
The affinity laws express the mathematical relationship between the

several variables involved in pump performance. They apply to all
types of centrifugal and axial flow pumps. They are as follows:
With impeller diameter D held constant Q1
N1
where: Q = Capacity, GPM
=
Q2
N2
H = Total Head, Feet
BHP = Brake Horsepower
2
H1
N1
N = Pump Speed, RPM
=
H2
N2
( )
( )
BHP1
N1
=
BHP2
N2
56
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 56

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
PUMPING COSTS
COST PER 1000 GALLONS PUMPED:
.189 x Power Cost per Kilowatt-hour x Head in feet
Pump Efficiency x Motor Efficiency x 60
EXAMPLE:
Power costs $0.01 per Kw hour; pump efficiency is 75%; motor efficiency is 85%;
total head is 50 feet:
.189 x .01 x 50 = .0025
.75 x .85 x 60
The cost of pumping 1000 gallons of water under the above conditions is
1/4 of a cent.
COST PER HOUR OF PUMPING:
.000189 x GPM x Head in feet x Power Cost per Kw-hour
Pump Efficiency x Motor Efficiency
COST PER ACRE FOOT OF WATER:
1.032 x Head in feet x Power per Kw-hour
Pump Efficiency x Motor Efficiency
PUMP EFFICIENCY:
GPM x Head in feet
3960 x B.HP (to pump)
HEAD:
3960 x Pump Efficiency x B.HP
GPM
BRAKE HORSEPOWER (B.HP)

TO PUMP:
GPM x Head in feet
3960 x Pump Efficiency
MOTOR EFFICIENCY x HP AT
MOTOR GPM:
3960 x Pump Efficiency x B.HP
Head in feet
MOTOR PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS
MOTOR APPLICATION
FORMULAS
EFFECT OF VOLTAGE:
POWER FACTOR - Increasing voltage
usually reduces power factor due
to increased magnetizing current.
STARTING TORQUE - Varies as square
of voltage.
SLIP - Varies inversely as square
of voltage.
HORSEPOWER REQUIRED:
To calculate motor HP if torque and
speed required by driven machine are
known:
EFFECT OF FREQUENCY:
POWER FACTOR - Reducing frequency
has a similar effect to increasing voltage;
doing either usually reduces the
power factor.
TORQUE - The Lbs./ft. of torque varies
inversely as the square of the frequency.
The percentage of torque will vary
inversely with the frequency.
SLIP RPM - Remains approximately
constant with changes in frequency.
DISPLACEMENT AND
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS:
HP = Torque (foot lbs.) x RPM

5252
HP =GPM x Head in feet x Sp. Gravity

3960 x Efficiency
1 cubic foot/second = 448.8 GPM

1 lb./sq. in. pressure = a Head of 2.309 ft.
for water weighing 62.36 lbs./cu. ft. at
62F.
57
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 57

MISCELLANEOUS DATA
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
Table to determine the required kilovars (KVAR) of Power Factor Correction
capacitors needed to improve a plants power factor to the desired level.
Existing
Power
Factor
100%
95%
90%
85%
80%
60%
62%
64%
66%
68%
70%
72%
74%
76%
77%
78%
79%
80%
81%
82%
83%
84%
85%
86%
87%
88%
89%
90%
91%
92%
93%
94%
95%
96%
97%
99%
1.333
1.266
1.201
1.138
1.078
1.020
0.964
0.909
0.855
0.829
0.802
0.776
0.750
0.724
0.698
0.672
0.646
0.620
0.593
0.567
0.540
0.512
0.484
0.456
0.426
0.395
0.363
0.329
0.292
0.251
0.143
1.004
0.937
0.872
0.809
0.749
0.691
0.635
0.580
0.526
0.500
0.473
0.447
0.421
0.395
0.369
0.343
0.317
0.291
0.264
0.238
0.211
0.183
0.155
0.127
0.097
0.066
0.034
0.849
0.782
0.717
0.654
0.594
0.536
0.480
0.425
0.371
0.345
0.318
0.292
0.266
0.240
0.214
0.188
0.162
0.136
0.109
0.083
0.056
0.028
0.713
0.646
0.581
0.518
0.458
0.400
0.344
0.289
0.235
0.209
0.182
0.156
0.130
0.104
0.078
0.052
0.026
0.583
0.516
0.451
0.388
0.328
0.270
0.214
0.159
0.105
0.079
0.052
0.026
Desired Power Factor
EXAMPLE:
Plant Kw load = 395
Existing PF = 70%
Desired PF = 95%
Total required KVAR
of correction = 395 x 0.691
(from chart) = 273 KVAR
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
EFFECT OF SPEED ON HP:
HP consumption varies approximately as the 3rd power of the speed.
EFFICIENCY:
50 to 1000 GPM = 70% to 75%
1000 to 1500 GPM = 75% to 80%
Larger than 1500 GPM = 80% to 85%
58
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 58
CORNELL - FOR A VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS

WITH MODULAR COMPONENTS THAT FIT YOUR NEEDS
Horizontal Close-Couple: Model 5RB

CORNELL CLEAR LIQUID PUMP
Horizontal Frame Mount: Model 4NHTB

CORNELL SOLIDS HANDLING PUMP
59
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 59
Model 8NHTA-VC18
CORNELL VERTICAL COUPLED PUMP
60
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 60
Model 3CB
CORNELL STANDARD REFRIGERANT PUMP
Model 2HT
CORNELL HERMETIC REFRIGERANT PUMP
61
8/7/07
10:05 AM
Page 61
Model 6NHPP
CORNELL FOOD PROCESSING PUMP
Model 6RB-EM16-1
CORNELL ENGINE MOUNT PUMP
62
8/7/07
10:04 AM
Page 62
Cndnsd Hydrlc Dta Bk.eps:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book
CORNELL ADVANCED DESIGNS

EXTEND THE LIFE OF YOUR PUMP
THE EXTERNAL HYDRAULIC
BALANCE LINE
A Cornell Exclusive
Balanced
axial forces
Reduced
Pressure
Area
Improves hydraulic efficiencies

Increases life of packing, seal
and bearings
Provides positive control of
axial forces
Improves abrasive wear
Sand and silt

flushed out
THE CORNELL DOUBLE

VOLUTE SYSTEM
Important for High Capacity
Pumps that must produce
High Heads
Cutwater #1
Eliminates shaft failure from

flexure fatigue
Prolongs packing and
bearing life
Available in high capacity, high
head models
Cutwater #2
CORNELL DOUBLE VOLUTE

Radial thrust is offset & balanced
by the Double Volute design.
63
1/24/08
11:01 AM
Page 63
CORNELL PUMP CONFIGURATIONS
CC - Horizontal Close Coupled
VF - Vertical Frame Mounted
VM - Vertical Close Coupled
F - Horizontal Frame Mounted
VC - Vertical Coupled
EM - Engine Mounted
64
8/7/07
10:04 AM
Page 64

Book Condensed Hydraulic

Cargado por

Información del documento

Derechos de autor

Formatos disponibles

Compartir este documento

Compartir o incrustar documentos

Opciones para compartir

¿Le pareció útil este documento?

¿Este contenido es inapropiado?

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

Book Condensed Hydraulic

Cargado por

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

Condensed

Cornell Pump Company

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CORNELL PUMP COMPANY

Cndnsd Hydrlc Dta Bk.eps:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

Viscosity of water varies as follows:

80F 100F 120F 140F 160F 180F 212F

Weight and Volume Equivalents:

U.S. Imperial Cubic

*Volume weight relationships for water at greatest density (39.2F).

1 Second-Foot (cu.ft. per sec.) of Water = 448.83 GPM

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STANDARD WEIGHT STEEL

EXTRA STRONG STEEL

STANDARD WEIGHT STEEL

EXTRA STRONG STEEL

STANDARD WEIGHT STEEL

* For new pipe, multiply head loss figures by 0.54

EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STANDARD WEIGHT STEEL

EXTRA STRONG STEEL

EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STANDARD WEIGHT STEEL

EXTRA STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STD. WT. STEEL

* For new pipe, multiply head loss figures by 0.54

EX. STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STD. WT. STEEL

EX. STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STD. WT. STEEL

* For new pipe, multiply head loss figures by 0.54

EX. STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STD. WT. STEEL

* For new pipe, multiply head loss figures by 0.54

EX. STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book

CONDENSED HYDRAULIC DATA

STD. WT. STEEL

* For new pipe, multiply head loss figures by 0.54

EX. STRONG STEEL

Condensed Hydraulic Data Book:Condensed Hydraulic Data Book