Foundation of Organizational Behavior

Smita Choudhary

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 1

Contents
In this chapter you will be able to understand:-

Introduction/Objectives

Biographic characteristics

Ability

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 2

Learning Objectives
The learning objectives of this unit are as
follows:-----

1. Biographic characteristics

2. Ability

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 3

Introduction
 Organizational behavior give emphasize to intellectual capital.
 People are the indispensable human resources.
 According to A fortune survey(1998) “the single best predictor
of overall success was a company’s ability to attract, motivate,
and retain talented people”

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 4

Biographic characteristics
Biographic characteristics includes—

1. Gender
2.Age
3.Marital status
4.Tenure

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 5

1. Gender
Women are reported to be more conforming than
men.
Women have lower expectations of success than
men do.
Women’s absenteeism rates tend to be higher
than those of men.

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 6

2. Age
 Older workers are considered to be inflexible and undesirable in
many ways.
 In some cases, workers at age forty are considered to be old on
opinion that their experience and skills are no longer valued.
 On the other hand, small businesses give value to older workers
for their experience, stability and low turnover.

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 7

3. Marital status
1. Married employees have fewer absences,
undergo less turnover.

2. Married employees are more satisfied with

their jobs than their unmarried coworkers.

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 8

4. Tenure (No. of yrs. Of work)
1. There is a positive relationship between tenure
and job productivity.
2. There is a negative relationship between tenure
to absence.
3. Tenure is also a strong indicator in explaining
turnover.
4. The evidence indicates that tenure and
satisfaction are positively related.

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 9

Ability Aptitude
 Ability reflects a person’s
existing capacity to perform
the various tasks needed for
a given job and includes both
relevant knowledge and skills.

 Abilities are the knowledge

and skills that an individual
currently possess.

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 10

(A) Intellectual Abilities
 Intellectual abilities are those required to perform mental
activities.
 IQ tests are designed to judge one’s general intellectual
abilities.
 Examples of such tests are-------SAT, GMAT, and LAST.

 The SAT Reasoning Test (formerly Scholastic Aptitude Test and Scholastic Assessment
Test) is a standardized test for college admissions in the United States.
 The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is a computer adaptive standardized
test in mathematics and the English language for measuring aptitude to succeed academically
in graduate business studies.
 The Law School Admission Test (LSAT) is an examination administered by the Law School
Admission Council (LSAC) for prospective law school candidates. It is designed to assess
logical and verbal reasoning skills

Foundation of Organizational Behavior 11

Dimension Description Job Example
Number aptitude Ability to do speedy and Accountant
accurate arithmetic

Verbal communication Read write speaking Senior managers

ability
Perceptual speed Identify similarities and Investigators
differences quickly and
accurately
Inductive reasoning Logical sequence drawing Market researchers

Deductive reasoning Ability to use logic and Supervisors

assess the implications
of the argument
Spatial visualization Ability to imagine Interior decorator

Memory Ability to retain and Sales person-

recall past experience remembering customer’s
name 12
Strength factors
Dynamic strength Ability to exert muscular force repeatedly or continuously

Trunk strength Ability to exert muscular strength using trunk muscles

Static strength Ability to exert force against external objects

Explosive Ability to expend a maximum of energy in explosive acts

strength
Flexibility factors
Extent flexibility Ability to move the trunk and back muscles as far as possible

Dynamic flexibility Ability to make rapid, repeated flexing movements

Other factors
Body coordination Ability to coordinate simultaneous actions of different parts
of the body
Balance ability Ability to maintain equilibrium despite forces pulling off
balance
Stamina ability Ability to continue maximum effort requiring prolonged
effort over time 13
Foundation of Organizational Behavior 14