Ngay my, Khi internet bring rong phat trin manh me, da tao nn su thay doi manh

me trong tinh vuc truyen hinh. Hin nay bn canh truyn hinh tuong tir, truyen hinh so,
truyn hinh v tinh, truyen hinh cap, truyn hinh internet, chiing ta con bit den IPTV.

IPTV thirng dupc cung cap cung voi dich vu Video-on-Demand (VoD) va cung co the
cung cap cung voi c:ic dich vu Internet kh:ic nhu truy cup Web vii VoIP, do do con dupc
gpi la Triple P lay v:i dirpc cung cap bci nh:i khai thac dich vii bang rong sir dung chung
mot ha I:ing mang. IPTV c cc hoi rat lori d ph:it trin nhanh chong khi ma mang bang
rong da c mat o khap moi rim va hin nay da c trn 100 trieu ho gia dinh sir dpng d|ch
vu. bring rong tren to an cau. Rat nhiu nha cung cap dich vu vien thong lori trn the gioi
dang trien khai thaw do IPTV v:i xem nhu mot cc hoi moi d thu lot nhu(an tir th|i trtrong
hin ci cua ho v:i cor di nhu in)ot giai phap tir bao ve truoc su tan s:in ciia cac dich vp
truyn hinh c:ip. Tai thi trudng cung cap dich vu ci Vit Nam, dich vu IPTV da bat d:iu
duoc cung cap vii mot so dich vu cc ban. Diu n:iy xem nhu I:i cc hoi kinh doanh dich
moi cii a cac nh:i cung cap dich vu tai Vit Nam, kh i in:i cc so ha tang mang bang rong
da vii dang phat trin manh me cung voi su doi ho i nhu ciiii cua kh:ich hung ng:iy c:ing
cao. Noi dung bai vit se cho chung ta thay

to ton cua dich vu IPTV trong

wang bang rong va kh:i uang irng dung trien khai IPTV trn truing vien thong Vit Nam.
Trong bai tieu lu )an my em trinh bay tong quan ve IPTV, cac khai mean cc ban, cac dich
vu ting dung cua IPTV,ciic tiu chuan chat luong ciia dich vu IPTV trien khai trn thuc
t va xu huong phat trin cua IPTV o Vit Nam cung nhu trn to an th gio.
Chwnng I: Gioi thiu chung v IPTV, trinh bay khai nim IPTV va cac uu dim nhuoc
diem ciia no so voi cac dich vu truyn hinh khac. Mo ta cac thanh phan chinh cua he
thong cung cap dich vp IPTV va cac dich vp cc ban.
Chwnng II: Xay dimg chat luong dich vu cii a IPTV
Chwong III: Thuc trang trin khai IPTV o VNPT, tim hiu tlnh hinh trin khai cac d|ch
vu IPTV cua VNPT va gun phap trin khai dich vu.
Trong quit trinh tim hiu va nghin ciiu v d tai mac du da co nhiu co gang, nhung ,
nhung do con nhiu han che ve trinh do cung nhu thoi gian nn chac chan de Hi khong
the tranh khoi nhfliig sai sot. Em rat mong nhan duoc su ph binh va gop y cua cac thay
co giao

CHUONG I: GIOI THI U CHUNG VE IPTV

1.1 Tong quan ve h)e thong cung cap d]ch vq IPTV

1.1.1 Khi niem IPTV
IPTV duoc got la truyn hinh trn giao thirc Internet, Telco TV hay truyn hinh
bang rong, vi nghia truyen ta truyen hinh qiiang ba va/hoac video theo yen cau, chuong
trinh ph:it thanh co chat lirong cao trn mang bang rong. Theo quan dim cii a doi tuong
su dqng, vic khai thac va xem IPTV cling giong nhu dich vu TV tra tin. ITU-T (ITU-T
FG IPTV) da chinh thuc chap thuan dinh nghia IPTV nhu sau:
IPTV dvpc dlnh ngh i"a l cc dich vii da phvang tien nh ir truyn
h inh/video/audio/vn ban/do hpa/s lien truyn Lai trn cac rnqng dva trn IP dvcc kim
seat nhm cung c p rnirc chat lir rig dlch vii, d man nguyn, d bo rn I va tin ciiy theo
yu cm.
Tir quan dim cua nha cung cap dich vu, IPTV bao ham qua trinh thu thap, xu ly,
va truyn tai mot cach an to an rio dung video trn ha tang mang dna trn cong ngh IP.
Thaw gia vao qua trinh cung cap dich vu IPTV gore nhiu nha cung cap dich vu tu cac
nha cung cap dich vu truyen hinh cap, truyen hinh ve tinh den cac cong ty Vin thong 16n
vii sirs nha khai thac mang ring o nhieu rim trn the gioi.
IPTV co mot so dac dure sau:
HP trcr Intyn h inh tircmg tae - C:ic kha uang hoat dcing hai chieu ciia h thong
IPTV cho php nh:i cung cap d|ch vii dna ra mot so luong lori cac ring ding
truyn hinh tuong tac. Cac loai hinh d]ch vu dupc phan phoi qua dich vu IPTV c
th bao gore truyn hinh truc tiep tiu chuan, truyn hinh d trung thc cao
(HDTV), ciic tro choi trirc tuyen, va ket rio Internet toc d)o cao.
Khong phu thue thii gran - IPTV khi kt hop voi in:iy thu video so
cho php tao chuong trinh noi dung khong phu thuoc thoi gian bang
cc ch ghi v:i luu lai noi dung IPTV v:i sau do c the xem lai.

Tng tinh ca nhan - He thong IPTV tu dau cuoi-dn-dau cuoi ho tro thong tin hai
chiu va cho php cac d i topg s dung lua chon va thiet lap viec xem TV theo
so thich ring nhu chuong trinh va thoi gran xem ua thich.

Fi/ i zn ve bng thng th p - Thay vi phai truyn tin tat ca cac knh cho moi doi
tuong su dung, cong ngh IPTV cho php cac nha cung cap dich vu chi cn phai

phat c:ic knh ma dci i tuong su dung yu c:iu. Tinh uang h:ip dan n:iy
cho php

nhii khai thuc wang tit kiem bang thong.

i dung IPTV
gioi han la dung cho cac way thu hinh. Cac khac hang thufing su dung
way tinh ca nhan va cac thit bi di dong d truy cap toi cac dich vu IPTV.

1.1.2 Kien triic h(e thong IPTV

End

Service

Service

Provider

Provider

Core/Edge

Access

Home

Network

"-" '

Hinh 1. 1 : Kien trc h thong IPTV

1.1.2.1 Video head end
Cung nhu voi h thong truyn hinh v tinh so hay truyen hinh cap, dich vp IPTV
cling can co h thong video head end. Day la rim ma noi dung linear (vi dq broadcast TV)
va on-demand (vi du phim) dupc ghi lai va d|inh dang d truyn qua mang IP. V cc ban
thi daa viio cua bo head end la cac chuong trinh dupc thu qua ve tinh hoac lay tr c tip tir
ciic bo broadcast hay ciic chuong trinh qua bo ket hop. Mot head end mang mot knh
ring va ma hoa no duoi dinh dang video so, nhu MPEG-2. Hin nay ciic nha cung cap
dich vu broadcast cung bat dau su dung ma hoa MPEG-4 vi no co mot so us dure hon so
voi MPEG-2 nhu yu cau toc bo bit thap cho ca tin hiu truyn hinh SD va HD.
Sau khi ma hoa, moi kenh dupc ding got IP vii dupc truyn qiia wang. C:ic knh
my la cac dong IP multicast din hinh, tuy nhin mot so nha san xuat cung st ding luong
IP unicast. IP multicast ci rat nhiu uu diem vi no cho php nh:i cung cap d|ch vu truyen
mot luong IP trn knh broadcast tu video head end dn mang truy nhap cua nha cung
sap d|ch vu. Cach n:iy co rat nhieu uu dim khi nhiu nguoi su dung muon su dung cfing
mot knh broadcast tai citng thoi diem (vi du hang nghin nguoi xem cung muo xem mot
su kin th thao).
1.1.2.2 Mijng Core/Edge ciia nha cung cap d]ch vq
Nhom cac luong video da ma hoa duoc truyn qua mang IP ciia nha
cung cap dich vu. Moi nha cung c:ip dich vu co mot mang ring ciia ho v:i

mang my thufing bao gore thit bi tu nhiu nh:i san xuat. C:ic mang my co
th la mot hon hop cua mang lP hin co

va muc dich la xay dung mang IP cho vic truyn video. Tai Edge, mang IP ket rio voi
wang truy nh:ip.
1.1.2.3 Mang truy nh"ap

Mang truy nhap la lien ket tu nha cung cap dich vu den thu bao khach hang. Kt
rio bang rong giira nha cung cap dich vp va khach hang co th su dqng nhiu cong ngh
khac nhan. Nha cung cap dich vi.i vien thong sir dung cong nghe DSL phuc vii cho thue
bao khach hang. Nha cung cap dich vij cung bat dari su dung cong ngh)e qiiang nhu PON
de ke't not dn khach hang. Mang IPTV sir dung duong truyn ADSL va VDSL de cung

cap bang thong dam bao cho hoat d(ong ciia dich vi.i IPTV den thue bao. Nha cung cap
dich vu se thay the thiet bi (nhu DSL modem) tai thu bao de phan phat kt rio Ethernet
dn mang cua khach hang.
1.1.2.4 Mang tai thu ban
Mang tai thu bao cung cap dich vu IPTV dn khach hang. Co rat nhiu loai mang
tai thu bao khac nhau nhung dich vu IPTV yu cau bang thong cao tai mang cua thu
bao. Dim cuoii trong mang cfia thue bao in:i TV duopc ket noi den la set top box.
1.1.2.5 Middlewave
Thu at ngu IPTV Middleware dwc!c dung d mo tit cac goi phan were lin quan den
vic phan phat dich vp IPTV. Co rat nhiu nha san xuat thuc thi goi phan mem my, moi
nha san xuat ci cach tiep cn ring doi voi IPTV. Middleware do nha cung cap dich vp
su dqng co th anh hufing dn kin trfic cua mang IPTV. Middleware co kien triic
client/server din hinh, trong do client mm o set top box. Middleware dinh nghia cach
khach hang su dung (nhu EPG Electronic Program Guige, VoD hay PPV) dirpc thirc
h ten va diu khin thong qua M iddleware. Tinh de dang trong qu:in ly nhiii dich vii la
mot chuc nang cua mang IP hat chieu. Kien triic IP my cung cap tiii chum cho cac ting
dung va dich vu duoc tich hop vao trong mang, IPTV chi la mot dich vu trong cac uiig
dung my. Nhan to phan bit trong mo hinh dich vu IP la tinh hoi tu. Boi vi cau trfic
chung cho cac Eng dung va dich vu, tinh hoi tu co the duoc hin thuc hoa cho cac thnh
phan mang, ung dung, h thong ho tro hoat dong. Vi vay quan ly da dich vu tro thanh bai
to an quan ly cung cac dich vu qua mang va phan bo chung den nhiu moi truong nguoi
dung dau cuoi khac nhau.

1.1.3 in nhupc dim ciia IPTV so viii c:ie d;ich vq truyen hinh kh:ie

1.1.3.1 Uu dure
H thong IPTV dua trn IP nn co nhimg uu dim dang k, bao gore kha nang tich
hop truyn hinh vi c:ic dich vii IP kh:ic nhu truy nh(ap internet toc do cao vii VoIP. Mang
IP cung cho phe'p truyn nh ten thong tin hon vii voi nhiu chtrc nang hon. Trong mang v)e
tinh hay tniyn hinh truyen thong, sir dung cong nghe broadcast thi tiit ca n(or dung dupc
truyn I ten tiic den moi thu bao, thu bao chuyn knh tai set top box. Thu bao co the
lua chon tu nhiu lua chon nhu n t v tinh, cup, truyen thong d dna luong thong tin
v nh:i. Mang IP lain vic khac, rio dung duoc gin o trn mang va chi nhung
noi dung khach h:ing lua chon I:i duoc gin dn nh:i thu bao. Diu n:iy s
tit kim bang thong va su lua chon cua kh:ich hang it bi gioi han bcii
dudng ong dan dn nh:i thu bao. Diu my cung co nghia la tinh ring tu
cua kh:ich hang duoc dam bao hon so voi h thong ve tinh va truyn hinh
truyn thong.
Tinh tuong tac
He thong IPTV cho php nguoi xem co cc hoi d xem cac chuong trinh TV so
tinh tuong tac hon va cii nhan hon. Vi dii nha cung cap d]ch vu co th cung cap chirc
nang tuong tac cho phep nguoi xem lua chon noi dung xem theo tn phim hay tn sha
dun vin hay chuc nang picture in picture cho php ngucii xem co th chuyn knh ma
khong ph:ii ni be chuong trinh ho dang xem. Ngui xem co ci the truy nh(ap viio album
anh va kho nhac trn PC cii a ho tir man hinh TV, sir dung dren thoai de d)at lich ghi lai
cac chuong trinh TV yen thich. Ngoiii ra hp co ci the sir dung chic nang gi:inn s:it d iu
truyen hinh khong phu
kh in (parent control) de cain con car xem mot
hop.
VoD VoD cho php khach hang duyt mot chuong trinh truc tuyn hoac mot danh such
ciic bo phim d xem qua va sau do lua chon chung. V mat ky thuat, khi khiich hang ma
chon mot bo phim, thi mot ket noi point-to-point duoc thit lap giua bo giai ma cua
khach hang (Set top box hoac PC) va server phan phat luong noi dung. Bao hiu v cac
chirc nang nhu pause, backward/forward. . . dupc dam bao bcii giao thirc RTSP. Dang ma
hoa chung nhat dupc su dung cho VoD la MPEG-2, MPEG-4 va VC- 1. D tranh hin
tuong an cap ban quyn n)oi dung phim thi n)oi dung cua VoD thci duoc ma hoa. Voi
song ngh IPTV vies ma hoa dupc thuc hin hiu qua thong qua he thong DRM. Voi h
thong nity nii kh:ich hang lua chpn xem phim trong then gian 24 gici thi sau 24 gici no i
dung phim

khon

the xem dupc ntra.

Mot uu dim khiic ciia mang IP la khii nding tich hop va hoi tu. Cac dich vu hoi tu
o day noi dn khii nang tuong tiic cua ciic dich vu hin co theo cach trong suot d tao ra
ciic dich vu gia tang moi. Vi du la dich vu On-Screen Caller ID, nhan Caller IP trn man
hinh TV va khii nang xu 1y (gin den voice mail. . .). Cac dich vu dna trn IP se cung cap
kha nang cho khach hang co the truy nhap o bat ky dau, bat ky khi mo den noi dung
thong qua TV, PC hay din thoai cua khach hang, va kha nang tich hop cac dich vp va
rio dung d gan chat chung voi nhau.
1.1.3.2 Nhupc dim
Nhuoc diem chinh cua IPTV chinh lit kha nang mat du lieu rat cao va su sham tre
truyen tin hieu. Neu nhu duong ket noi mang cua nguoi dung khong that sq tot cung nhu
khong du bang thong cm thit thi khi xem chuong trinh se rat d bi giat hay vic chuyn
knh co th ton kha nhiu thoi gian de tai v. Thm vao nira nu way chit cua nha cung
cap dich vu khong dii manh thi khi so luong nguoi xem truy cap vao dong thi chat luong
dich vu se bi giam sut. Ngoai ra, cac nha cung cap dich vu IPTV cling gap nhiu kho
khan trong viec dam phan hpp dong voi c:ic nhii cung cap dich vu not dung dan de'n tinh
trang ngheo nan thong tin trn cac kenh IPTV. Nhiu cong ty vien thong dang tan dung
cc so ha tang san ci de phan phoi IPTV, nhung bai to:in dat ra la trim sao d d:ip ting du
nhu cau v bring rong. Mot van de khac la nha cung cap dich vu kho co the thu duoc loi
nhuan tin quang cao vi nguoi xem co th tua nhanh hoac law bat cm thao tiic mo d khong
phai ton thoi gian xem nhung doan ma ho khong thich
1.2 Cc thanh phan cc ban cii a h)e thfing cung cap d'ich vq IPTV

1.2.1 C:ic thiinh phln thu oc nha cung clip djch vq (SP Service Provider)
1.2.1.1 He: thng Video Headend
Thu, diu che' va gi:ii ma not dung hinh anh va am thanh tir cac ngiion kh:ic nhau
vii st dung c:ic th iet bi ma hia d chuyen doi not dung my thanh cac luong IP multicast ci
khuon dang ma hoa mong muo. Yu can phai co thit bi dau cuoi cho viec ph:it not dung
quang ba. Thiet bi dau cuoi my co kha nang ma hoa mot chuoi cac hinh anh theo then
gian thuc bang ky thuat nn dung MPEG-4 Part 10 hoac H.264. Hinh anh ma hoa co th
lay tu v tinh, truyn hinh cup, h thong truyn hinh mat dat, retry chin video, tape
playout, v.v... Sau khi ma hon, cac chuo (dinh dang ASI, SPTS) truyn MPEG se duoc
dong gii bang cach su dung IP Streamer. Sau do se truyn nhirng chuoi got IP bang cach
su dung giao thuc UDP/IP. Dau vao cua h thong Video Headend la cac chuong trinh

truyn hinh quang ba, cac knh truyen hinh mua ban quyn thu tu v tinh, cac knh
truyn hinh cap, c:ic phim tu cac nguon khac nhu tu s:in xuat, tir cac thiet bi VCD/DVD

player, v.v.
1.2.1.2 HQ
lVliddtewave

thng

Cung cap kha nang quan ly thu bao, n)oi dung va bao cao hoan chinh citng vii cac
chic nang qun 1y EPG va STB, dong thoi van diiy tri tinh mo cho vic tich hop cac d ich
trong tuong lai. Middleware la mot giao di)en cua he thong cung cap dich vii IPTV voi
nguoi sir dung, ni xac dinh danh tinh cho nguoi dung. Hin th i mot danh s:ich c:ic dich
viJ ma thu bao do co the su dung va tro gnp 1a chon dich vu my sau khi da xac thirc
danh tinh cua nguoi dung. Middleware Inn lai mot tiu su cho tat ca cac dich vu.
Middleware dam bao cac hoat dong bn trong ciia dich vu truyn hinh mot cach hoan
hao. Middleware se khong gioi han bat ky hoat dong ring re mo trong he thong, nhung
se giao tiep truc tip voi moi th:inh phan dupc h thong ho tro. Middleware ho tro API
cho php mo rong cac chuc nang moi vii truyn du lieu giira cac h thong.
1.2.1.3 HQ thcing phcin phi nc i dung

Bao gore cac chin way chu VoD va he thong quan 1y VoD tuong Eng, cho phep
luu trfr cac not dung da dupc ma hia va thit lap ciic chinh sach phan phoi dung m)ot
such mm do. H thong nity cung cho php nha khai thac mo rong mot cach kinh Ie, phu
hpp voi tai va yeu cau d]ch vii cua cac thu bao. May chu VoD se Inn noi dung thc va
cung cap cho thu bao khi no nhan duoc su xiic thuc danh tinh tu middleware. No cho
php cac thu bao da I va x em nhung bo phim chat luong cao va chuong trinh theo yu
cau (chuong trinh my duoc luu trn retry dich vu va truyn tai theo yu cau). H thong
my cung cung cap nhung chiuc nang diu khin VCR nhu tua di, tain dung, va tua lai.
1.2.1.4 He: thcng qaciii IQ b

f tt zi (DRM)

DRM gnp nha khai thac b:to v)e not dung cua minh, nhu tron cac tin h i)eu truyen
hinh hay ma hoa noi dung VoD, khi truyn di trn mang Internet va tich hop voi tinh
nang an ninh tai set top box o phia thu bao. DRM dung d biro mat noi dung cac khoa
giai ma ciia ciic thu bao. Nhitng noi dung duoc tai trn nhiung may chin noi dung se duoc
ma hoa truoc bang h thong DRM va no cung cung chi ma hoa rio dung quang ba d bao
mat su phan bo den STB. H thong co kha nang ho tro chuc n g ma hoa trong cac
headend tuong ung va cung cap khoa mat ma cho cac headend my. He thong DRM chua
khoa cho phan rio dung cua mpt cc sci dir lieu khoa dong thoi bi mat phan phoi cc so dir

lieu my Hi STB. H thong DRM cfing se ho tro thm vao phan noi dung cac chirc nang
thu thii(at trong kh i xem (tua nhanh, tua lai, v.v...). He thong DRM se da tren c:ic khai

nim ciia h thong cc sci ha tang kho:i cong cong (PKI). PKI dung cac the ky thuat so

X.509 de x:ic nhiin moi thiinh to trong h )e thong DRM dong tho de ma ho:i an to an dtr
trn co dung c:ic kho:i chiing/rin g.
1.2.2 C:ic thiinh phln thu oc nha mang (NP Network Provider)

Bo ghp knh truy nhap dudng day thu bao so (DSLAM) co mot so modem DSL
nhan c:ic phin tu c:ic thu bao. Sau di dna tat ca cac phin cung ra duong truc kt noi toi

wang tong hop.

Hinh 1.2: DSLAM

DSLAM Ta in )ot trong c:ic bin dupc qii:in ly hoiin toan bcii nha cung cap mang
IPTV vi no dupc fun trir bn trong moi truong v)at ly an to tin, tirong ph:in voi set top box
va dau vao ho gia dinh, cac thu bao khong the truy nhap vat ly Hi DSLAM.
Hinh I .2 miu ta cach DSLAM ho tro Internet toc d)o cao, VoIP va IPTV VLAN
tii cac thu bao. Thiet bi tai gia dinh se chia fun luong va cho php VLAN duoc kt thuc
(no cung ci the duoc ket thuc tai DSLAM). Cac DSLAM mii co the kt hop tat ca cac
phien vao mot tin hieu va dieu khin chung qua TCP/IP (hoac cac giao thirc khiic) Hi
mang truyn I:ii. Trong mot so kiu DSLAM so cac lua chon mang luoi nhu cac chuc
nang IGMP proxy, knh ao vii VLAN cfing nhu mot so irng dung TCP/IP ho tro van hanh
mang IPTV. DSLAM sir dung ciic pho tan so thap cho am thanh va phan bo ciic tan so
cao cho truyn dan du lieu. Bang cach my ca am thanh va du liu co th duoc quan ly
boi DSLAM.

DSLAM sir dung ca rio Ethernet (VLAN). Hoat d(ong bet viec danh dau cac gi i
de'n voi mot VLAN-ID dat dren cho mot nhom. VLAN-ID dua trn 802. 1 Q vii dupc su

dung boi DSLAM d dam bao qua trinh gin di. Dna vao bring chuyn tip bn trong,

DSLAM

i c:ic got Ui cac cong truy nhap khac nhau, trio luon I:ich bi)et fun luong tir
cac VLAN kh:ic nhan. Mo ca no i :io thirc hin kiem tra doc lap fun luong. Lim luong
dung ten den tir mot cong dac b i)et/PVC dupc g:in vao mot VLAN rieng. Cac go i nity
dupc gui to mot cong Ethernet rieng theo bang chuyn tiep trong DSLAM. Luu luong
dung len tir cac set top box khac nhau dupc tap hop vao ciic VLAN chuyen dung cho
ciic d|ch vp ring.
Hinh 1.3 miu ta car nhin chung v DSLAM v:i cach cac VLAN kt thuc tai
BRAS, head end hoac tai cac bo phan Internet. Mot vai DSLAM s chia s vic truy nhap

vao mot VLAN don.

Hinh 1 .3 Mo t:i chung ve DSLAM VLAN

Set top box yu cau dia chi IP d gia nhap vao mang. cau hinh ciia chung dwac
gum ly su dqng giao thirc DHCP. DHCP cling s duoc ho trp boi cac ky thuat nhan thuc
cho php diu khin boi middleware va cac ung dung thuong mai trn cac loai hinh truy

c)ap cung cap cho cac thue bao.

Cac DSLAM co mot DHCP chuyn tiep chen vao d]nh danh duong day vat ly (lua
chon 82 trn DHCP) trn dia chi yu cau. Dieu my dam bao cac ban tin dn ID set top
box dooc lin ket mo I vi trI vat ly ring, giihn cac nguy cc lua dao va gian lan. Quit trinh
tinh toan va nhn thuc dna vao lua chon 82 d xac nhan nguoi su dung va su dung dich
vu RADIUS, co th yu cau cac ung dung thuong mai kiu truy nhap nn duoc cap cho
thu bao. Ciic DSLAM cung co th su dung IEEE 802. lX nhan thuc, su dung RADIUS
d ho tro qua trinh nhan thuc mang. Su dung giao thuc nhan thuc mo rong giua set top
box va cac may chit nhan thuc. May chu DHCP se cho way chu middleware cho php
dia chi IP duoc gan vao set top box.
Hinh 1.4 mieu ta qua trinh nhan thuc set top box, bat dau voi yu cau DHCP dna
ra boi set top box vii dupc chuyen di boi DSLAM va cac router Hi may chu DHCP. Yu
cau bao
dufing vat 1y cua yu cau DHCP. Miiy chin DHCP hum tra voi ciic
thanh phan khac nhu RADIUS hoac way chu middleware nu duong vat ly va thu bao

nhan mot dia chi IP hop l, va nhan dooc su xac nhan, truy nhap duoc chap nhn. Ciic
DSLAM thaw gia vao qu:i trinh multicast bang c:ich cung cap cac chuc nang proxy hoac
snooping cho cac yen cm IGMP. Luu luong IGMP dudng ten s danh dau VLAN de
dam b:to t:ich b it Init luong tai wang tong hop. C:ic b:in tin IGMP dupc tim bci c:ic cm
i de to mi cay phan phoi multicast. Luong video se dirpc nhan doi t c:ic cong th ich

hpp theo cac yu cau gia nhap IGMP dupc nhan boi DSLAM tir cac set top box. Cac
luong video dupc ma hoa, nen cac set top box se yeu cau cac chla khoa DRM cung nhu
nhan thuc de gia nhap mien IGMP ring.

Hinh 1.4: Nhan thuc set top box

D chong lai lira dao v:i tang cuong ma hia, DSLAM se kim tra c:ic
dia chi IP nguon cua moi thu bao cho moi yu cau doi voi danh sach c:ic
hop dong thu bao. Anh xa c:ic dia chi IP vri cong vat ly tuong mug
duoc luu trong DSLAM. Dia chi IP nguon

ciia

Ien di vao DSLAM qua cong thu bao dupc kiem tra trong b:ing.

DSLAM cling cung cap c:ic bao c:to trang thai thue bao. Tat c:i c:ic yen cau tir cac set top
box den dupc gh i lai. Hinh I .5 in ten t:i kie'n truc multicast

Hinh 1.5: Kien truc multicast su thaw gia ciia DSLAM

1.2.2.2
Router
Router kt hop voi nhau tao thanh ciic mang cua Internet. Var tro chinh cua chiing
la truyn c:ic goi tir mot tap c:ic lin kt dau vao tri mot t:ip cac lien ket dau ra, chiing
cung ci quan he voi c:ic cong ngh lien kt khong dong nhat, cung cap danh muc ho trp

cho dich vi.i kh:ic nhau. Router co ta mpi cap trong Internet. Router trong wang truy n http
cho ho gia dinh va nha kinh doanh nho ket noi Hi nh:i cung cup dich vu. (ISP). Router
trong mang doanh nghip lin ket 10 in:iy tinh vao mot khu. Router trong duong tin.c
thuong khong truy nhap truc tiep Hi h thong cuoi. Thay vao do, chiing lin kt cac ISP
va cac mang doanh nghiep voi dci:eg tin.c long cach xa. Su lori len nhanh chong cfia
Internet da tao ra c:ic yu cau khac nhau cho router trong cac mang truy nh:ip, doanh
nghip, dufing truc. Dung truc yu cau router kha g dinh tuyn
trn kt. Cac router doanh ngh iep nn ci gia thanh thap, nhiii cong, de' dung can hinh,
va ho tro QoS. Cuo cung, router truy nhap phai ho tro c:ic cong toc do
cao, c:ic giao thtrc kh:ic nhau ta moi cong.
Router co bon thanh phan chinh: cong vao, cong ra, cc cau chuyn mach, va xir ly
vao lin
dn. Co cau chuyn mach lin kt cac cong dau vao voi cac cong dau ra. Phan loai router
la hang dci dau vao hay hang dci dau ra phu thuoc vao quan h toc do cua cac cong dau
vao va cc cau chuyn mach. Neu cc cau chuyn mach ci bang thong ton hon tong bang
thong ciia cac cong dau vao, thi cac got chi dci o dau ra, duoc gpi la router hang dci dau

ra. Mat khac, cac hang dci ci th xay dung tai dau vao, duoc goi la router hang dci dau
vao. Cong dau ra chua sirs goi vii d dinh chung cho d]ch vu tai lien ket dau ra. Cuoi

cung, xu ly dinh tuyn thaw gia v:to ciic giao thiuc dinh tuyn va tao mot bang dinh tuyn

de chuyn got.
1.2.3 C:ic thiinh phln thu oc kh:ich hang (Client)
1.2.3.1 Set top box
Set top box duoc su dung d ket rio IPTV headend voi TV. Chuc nang chinh ciia
bo phan my la hiu va chuyn doi cac yu cau tir cac thu bao sau do gut cac ban tin toi
headend, cac dich vu va cac not dung yeu cau ring. Set top box se nhan cac not dung da
dupc ma hoa va giai ma chung. Hinh 1 .6 mieu ta kien truc IP set top box. Cac thanh phan

ciia set top box bao gore:

Truth diiv (:1 \Veb

Middleware Client

Thu Video

Giai rna

Do song/Thu v ideo
H9 dun hanh lhi gian
iliqc

Hi diem tinh v a dieu kliieii tluet bi

MPEG-2/4 Dni er

Tluct bi ngoai i (U SB. IR)

TCP/1P v a lin kct

Hinh 1.6: Kien tnic IP set top box din hinh

Cac set top box huong Hi bo vi xir ly gi:i re. Bo nho va kha nang xir ly
bi giri han so vri ciic PC chun. C:ic nh:i san xu:it hu6ng Hi vic lua chon
cac CPU cc so d: cung cap dv kha nang xu ly cac chiuc nang cc ban v:i
tuong rong vri so lan dap irng.

b, HQ thcrng Ii
Phim cirng Hi bao gore c:ic thiinh phan dren tu kh:ic nhan ho tro cho set top box
van hanh, thong tin trao do i giira sirs thanh ph:in, bo nho va khii nang quan trong nhat ciia
mot vi mach chuyn dung la d Inn trir DRM v:i kha PKI dupc yu cau cho truy nhap va
nhan thuc. Voi vic sir dung vi mach chuyn dung d luu trir khoa, cac de doa ve vic
truy nh:ip trai php gum di, trai ngiroc voi giai phap dna trn phan mm luu trii tat ca cac
th:inh phan an ninh trn dia cimg hoac ROM.

Co mot so th it bi ngoai vi kt rio toi set top box, bao gore day c:ip, dan ra video,
thiinh phan hong ngoai cho dieu kh ten tir xa hoac bun phim, USB hoac c:ic ky thuiit luu
trii.
d, DRM v h thcrng tray nh p din ki n
Set top box yu cau mot thanh ph:in chuyn dung de phan phoi vri cac
chirc nang lin quan DRM. No c:in thiet de c:ip nhat va yu

cau

khoa

DRM, ma hoa noi dung va cung cap luong ma hoa Hi cac bo ph:in kh:ic. Set
top box can tit nhan thuc dna v:to h thong truy nh:ip diu kin d cho
php truy nhap noi dung. Nha cung cap dich vu IPTV cm dam bao tuong
thich cac ting dung CAS va DRM duoc dat trn set top box. Yu c:iu dac
trirng my gay kho khan cho mot thi trirng mi v c:ic dich vp IPTV. Ni
khong giong nhu viec ciic thue bao chuyn doi ciic nha cung sap dich vu

IPTV ma khong can thay doi set top box. Ngoai ra, no khong giong nhu I:ip
hpp noi dung so the hoat dong trong thi truing ma cac not dung dna ra tir
so luong lori nh:i cung cap rio dung hoac cung cap dich vu IPTV, do moi nh:i
cung cap dich vu co th co h thong DRM khiic nhau. Theo thoi gian,
cac chub se dooc phiit trin d dam bao tuong kt giira c:ic he thong
CAS va DRM. Trong khi dci, ciic thu bao se duoc lin kt dn nha cung
cap dich vu cua chinh ho.
e, IVIPEC-2 v IVIPEC-4

Set top box cn co MPEG-2, MPEG-4 nii chung la c:ic trinh dieu kh ten ma hoagi:ii ma d cho php ma hia luong du I i)eu va cung cap dari ra de hin thi tren TV. Nha
cung cap dich vu can dam bao tuong thich ciic bo ma hoa-giai ina deac bat vao set top
box. Ciic bo ma hoa-giai ma duoc sir dung trn headend cn duoc nap vao set top box.
j He: diri hciiih v trinh diri khln hc: diri hciiih
Cac he diu hiinh nhe dupc su dung cho set top box. Mot so h diii hanh d)oc
quyn vii nguon mo dupc sir dung cho chirc nang my. Mot uu diem cua c:ic he dieu hanh
my la tinh mem deo dna ra d phat trien set top box cc ban, vi chung ho tro trinh duyet
cung nhu thu din tu, tin nhan tuc thoi va ho tro mang. Can sao chep ban goc cua dupc
cau hlnh chinh x:ic, ap ding cac ban va loi va biet chac chan kh:i nang b i tan cong truoc
khi dna set top box Hi ciic thu bao. Ngoiii ra, tat ca cac cong khong can thit san dupc
khoa lai.

g, Middleware khch hciiig

M)ot kh:ich hang trn lac voi in:iy chu in iddleware. Kh:ich hung n:iy co the sir dung
trinh duyet web de trao doi thong tin vi in:iy chu in idd few are cling nhir t:ii ve EPG de
nang DRM trong
h ten th i vii thu bao. Middleware kh:ich hung co the bao
mot so trucing hop

Chuc nang my se nhan luong ra tu chiuc nang DRM va se giai ma du liu MPEG4 thanh dang su dung duoc. No co th gun ma du liu thanh NTSC/PAL dau ra
i, Trinh dtiy t web
C:ic in:iy chu in idd lewave hudng t viec v(an hiinh nhu c:ic d |ch vi.i web. M)ot so
ciii d*at se cung sap tiit cii ciic truy nhap sir dung SSL (HTTPS, cong 443). Trinh duyet
web dupc sir dung boi set top box d truy nhap cac noi dung va hien thi thong tin cho cac
thue bao. Mot so set top box cung cho phep sq tuong tits giira thue bao voi set top box va
cho php trinh duyet web Internet dat bcri thu bao.

Nha cung cap set top box co th car san mot thu din tu d cho php
thu bao gui va nhan cac ban tin. Ung dung my bao gore chuong trinh doc
c:ic tap tin cc ban nhu cac ho so, bang tinh va thuyet trinh.

Hinh 1.7 mo ta set top box xir ly liiu luong, bat daa voi viec yu cau IP va nhan
noi dung, cac chuc nang trinh duyt web, tuong tac middleware va giai rio dung, sau
do dn c:ic luong ma hoa v:i giai ma cho NTSC/PAL hoac ciic chun thich
hop va cuoi cung cung cap dan ra cho TV.

13

ithin

Trinh du et Web gui i eu can

Middlevi are

Middles are client cung cap dir

liu t6i Middlevi are serv er

Mn lioa Video clio NTSC hoc PAE

Gut tot TV

Hi nh 1 .7: Qua trlnh xfi 1y cc ban cua set top box

1.2.3.2 2 Cong giao thip thu bao (Res idential Gateway RG)
Cong giao tiep thu bao o giira mang truy nh(ap bang rong IP va mang trong nha
cho phe'p cac thit b i so trong nha chia se mot ke't no i IP don. Ngoai cac ung dung truy
nhap Internet toc d)o cao, RG cung co kha nang dinh tuye'n thong in inh dich vij IPTV ter
thie't bi ' cii the.
RG th h thru ba co khii nang ho tro nhiu cong ngh mang trong nha va bring
rong. Phan cung dupc thiet k theo kiu modul. Ho tro modul ci nghia la cac RG bat dau
phat trin thanh mot kieu way chit ung dung, thu bao su dung d phan phoi cac dich vp
VoIP, IPTV va bang rong vao nha cua ho. Tir goc do nha cung cap dich vp IPTV, RG la
mot ky thuat quan trong. Chung cho php nha dieu khin mang giii thiu cac san pham
mang trong nh:i, phan biet cac d]ch vii ciia ho voi d]ch vii ciia dcii thu canh tranh. Mot RG
san so h thong phn mm v:i phan cirng tin cay d dieu ti$t phan phoi cac d]ch vu dam
bao va tuong thich. RG thuong kt hop chuc nang cua modem, router, hub d truy nhap
ciic dich vu IPTV. Co nhiu kieu RG kha dung khac nhau dna trn yu cau ve chuc nang

RG

khong phu thuoc vao PC d hoat dong. Chirc nang dinh tuyn
duoc cap kt rio lip 3 giira dia chi IP ca nhan duoc gan cho
IPTVCD kt trong nha va mang truy nhap bang rong.

' tro d
cung i tii
mang

Khi mang bang rong ph:it trin lin tuc, RG cung ph:it trin cac chirc
nang ciia no.
Tuy nhin, v cc ban no bao gore va ket hop ba th:inh phan ky thu:it ring bit

(I) Mot modem so

(3) Phan mm thich hop

Nhieu cau hinh linh hoat dupc dna den bcri mot RG ho trp ciic kiu modem khac
nhau. Ciic modem my cung cap kt noi Hi cac kieu mang truy nhap bang rong:
( I ) Truyn hinh v tinh truc tip
(2) C:ic he thong Wi-fi, Wireless va WiMax

(3) Mang truyn hinh cup quang lai hai chiu

(4) He thong DSL, ADSL, VDSL

(5) Cac mang quang tii nha (FTTH)
Hau ht cac RG deu co in)ot cong diu khin cho php sua chua RG neu co van d
phat sinh.
1.3 Cc d'ich vq IPTV en ban
IPTV khong chi don thun la IP video. Tren thirc te, cms nh:i khai th:ic vien thong
dang I:ip trung v:to dich vu my de ieo ra su khac bit cua dich vu ho cung cap voi cac
dich vu ma cac nha khai th:ic mang truyn hinh cap hay v tinh cung cap. Tat c:i c:ic lua
chon c:iu truc va cong ngh cc sr tap trung vao viec phan phoi nhiu loai dich vu video
theo yu cau v:i video quang ba, nhung vii kinh nghim v c:ic dich vu thoai va so liu
toc dp cao cho php c:ic nhii khai th:ic vien thong cung cap cho kh:ich hung c:ic dich vii
tich hpp bo xung la mot phim ciia got dich vi.i IPTV ton.
Live TV

Entertainment

Digital TV

Gaming

Prem trim TV

Gambling

Pay-per-view

Karaoke

Near video-on-demand

Internet TV

Program guide
Stored TV

Commerce

Video on demand

Telecomerce

Subscription VoD

Time-dhifting PRV

Network PVR
Commiinictaion

Targeted/interactive advesting

ASP

Residental VoIP portal

SMS/MMS mesaging

Home automation portal

Instant messaging

Converged services

Mobile services portal

Video conferencing

Emergency alert system

Distance learning

Hospitality

dich vu IPTV

C:ic dich vii ch inh thuong dupc trin khai tnroc lit dich vu video theo yeu can va
video quang ba, tuy nhin cac nha khai th:ic vin thong du co k hoach bo xung cac dich
vu my voi cac dich vp tro choi, quang cao, :im thanh, thong tin. . . Diu cn bit la dinh
nghia va pham vi cua ciic dich vu my se lien tuc duoc tin trin theo thoi gian.

mo ta tong quan cac loai d|ch vij IPTV kh:ic nhau hin dang dupc d kie'n vii trin khai

Cac dich vu IPTV video co th phan thanh hai nhom: phiit quang ba va phiit theo
yu cau.
a) Cc d[ch vri video qriiig b
Ve cc bun, ciic dich vu video quang bit khong kh:is gi so voi ciic d ich vu. video ma
ciic nha khai th:is truyn hinh cap, ve tinh, mat dat cung cap ngay nay. Diu my gop ph:in
tao thanh tiu chuan doi voi dich vu TV, khong k dn cac cc ch truyen tai: lai cap
dong/quang, DSL hay FTTx. . . Cac knh video quang ba bao gore c:ic knh truyn hinh
quoc gia, dia phuong v:i c:ic knh tra tien (nhu HBO).
So c:ic kenh qu:ing b:i khu virc co the thay doi theo th i tnrdng, c:ic knh n:iy
thuong ho trp cac phin ban theo khu virc ciia c:ic wang goc (ABC, CBS, NBC vii Fox..).
Mot so trong ciic knh quiing ba c dinh dang do trung thuc cao (HD), diu d co
nghia cac nha khai thac vien thong co th cung cap cho kh:ich hng ca hai loai knh
quang ba tiu chun (SD) va do trung thuc cao (HD). Mot phan rio dung quang ba co th
duoc luu lai trong mang va sir dung sau do.

6) Cc d[ch vri video fire trii

Cms dich vii video luu trit co nhiu dang va lii nn tang d phn biet voi cms n)oi
dung video khac dupc truyen tai qua ciic mang IP. Noi dung video Inn trir d:ip Eng dupc
nhiu cac so thich khac nhau cua nguoi xem. Tiiy theo vi tri luu trii, khiich h:ing co the
tan dqng duoc cac uu dim ciia noi dung video fun tai thiet bi khach h:ing hoac mang de
diu kh ten mot c:ic linh hoat kh i sir dung dich vii nhir: tiia nhanh, tiia ngupc, tain dimg.
nhu kh i hp sir dung VCDs/DVDs. Noi dung video liru trir lit d)ong lc chinh thuc day sq
ph:it trin phan were 1dp dich vu trong c:ic wang IPTV cung nhu c:ic tiiy chpn ciia set-top
box. Cac tiiy chon not dung video lirii trir bao gore:
VoD luu tru cuc b)o: Noi dung dupc xem 1:i pho bin rong rai se dwc!c phat quang
bit Hi CPE qua mang IP va Inn cuc b)o d khach hang ci th xem theo yu cau .

Chrrang I. Gii thi u ch eng v IPTV

Cac noi dung my thuong gan voi quit trinh xac thuc quyn su dung khi xem doi
voi tirng thu bao.

VoD luu trn mang: VoD luu trn mang danh cho cac rio dung duoc cor I:i khong
pho bin cho nhiu thu bao tai cung thoi dim. Khach h:ing co th yu cau xem
noi dung ngay lap tuc va/hoac sau khi yu cau. Noi dung ci th xem ngay duoc
truyn Hi duoi dang unicast trn mang IP, trong khi noi sung xem sau yeu cau

dv pc t(ap hop theo nhm cac thu bao va c the truyn tai dang broadcast hay
narrowcast dna trn thir tu tirong duong d i vi ciic thu bao khiic. Diu my se
cho php nha cung cap dich vu su dung toi uu c:ic tai nguyn mang mo I c:ich linh
hoat.

VoD thu bao: VoD thu bao la bin th ciia hat d ich vu trn, cho php kh:is hang
quyn xem mot so rio dung duoc da duoc cho php trucrc do trong mot hoang
thoi gian xac dinh, tan dung uu dim cua ca hat not dung vdeo luuw trn mang va
cuc bo.

Ghi lai noi dung video theo yu cau c:i nhan: PVR (Personal Video Recorder) cho
php nguii dung quyn ghi lai ciic chuong trinh quang bit/theo yu c:iu d xem lai
sau d. C:ic quyen xem noi dung thay doi tiiy theo vic su dung mot ln, nhiu l:in
hay khong gioi han not dung v:i phan mm qu:in ly ban quyen (DRM) lit yii to

quan trong trong c:ic trirng hop n:iy de kiem so:it qu:i trinh chi a se not dung giiia
cac thiet b i trong nh:i thu bao.

Ghi lai not dung video va lmi trn wang (Network-based PVR): tirong tu nhu
dich vu PVR, su kh:ic nhau chu yeu la vi tri luu noi dung, trong truong hop my la
trn mang, thay vi st dung thie't bi cua kh:ich hung. Dich vu my cho php cac
thu bao voi set-top box don gi:in tan dung dupc cac irii dim cua cac d|ch vii
video lmi trii vii cho php cac nha cung cap dich vu trip hop c:ic n(or dung luu trir
trong mang mot such Hi uu nho dc gi:inn chi phi so voi viec thu bao ph:ii su
dung set-top box phtrc tap. D|ich vu. my cung cung cap m)ot ciich tot cho thu
bao kha nang linh hoat trong viec lua chon chuong trinh vi mang c kha nang liiu
i dun hon soa voi set-top box ciia khach hang.

Cac dich vp IPTV audio

Nu chi co dich vu IPTV audio thi chac chan khong dii kich thich cac
thu bao chuyn nha cung cap dich vu va cung khong dii d nha cung c:ip
dich vu dau tit mot luong ln tin vao ha tang mang d ph:in phoi dich vu
IPTV. Tuy nhin, khi kt hop vri ciic tuy chon khac no se nang cao tinh hap
dan ciia goi dich vu tong th.

a) D]ch vri radio broadcast

Dich vu my cho php khach h g do tim bat dai phat mo trn th gioi va nghe
qua loi ra am thanh ciia TV hay h thong loa km theo.
6) D[ch vri music broadcast
theo quan dim dich vu am thanh, dich vu my rat giong uqangr bit vido cc bun,
nghia la nguoi dung co th su dung nhiu knh am nhac khiic nhau. Dich vu my da kha
pho bin va duoc cung cap boi nhiu nha cung cap dich vu cap/MSO. Dich vu am nhac
my thufing di km voi thong tin do hoa v noi dung nhac hien thi trn TV cua khach
hang. Huong dan chuong trinh chon knh cung tuong tu nhu doi voi cac knh video.
c) !VIiisic on demand
Tuong tir nhu VoD, quyn yu cau va nghe tuong tp nhu doi voi cac dich vu VoD.
Moi quan he giira cac nha cung cap rio dung va phuong tin la yeu to quan trpng nhu doi
voi dich vu VoD de dam bao co duoc thu vin ton cac file nhac.

d) Music s ubscription service

Cho php thu bao fun tru va sap xep theo so thich ciia minh.
Dich vii am nhac theo yen ca se dupc truyn t;ii qua mang IP theo cach tuong tu
nhu c:ic dich vii VoD sir dung cac cc can broadcast hay unicast, theo then gian v:i mdc d)o
tuong duong voi c:ic thu bao kh:ic.
Cac dich vp IPTV gaming
Choi game (mot nguoi hay nhiu nguoi cung liic) trn truyen hinh la d]ch vu ring
biet ma cms nha khai thuc vien thong dang xiic tin tich hop vao cms gi dich vu IPTV ciia
ho. Se c nhieu loai cho troi cho nhieu loai doi tuong khac nhau cung nhu cung nhu ciic
tro choi cho I nguoi va nhieu nguoi choi cung liic. Khiich hang c the lua chon nguoi
choi cung cung nhu ln ke hoach thii gian choi vri nguoi khac.
C:ic dich vu thong tin tich hop
Dich vu thong tin IPTV tich hpp la linh c trong di c:ic nhii khai thac vien thong
co uu the hon so voi ciic nha cung cap da dich vu/truyn hinh cup. Ciic dich vu thong tin
tich hop se tan dung ciic lot th v tai nguyn ciia cac nha nha cung cap dich vu vin
thong khi cung cap cac dich vp thoai va truy cap Internet toc d)o cao. Cac vi du v dich vp
thoai va Internet tich hpp dupc mo ta nhu sau:
a) D[ch vri thoci tich hpp
Dich vii thoai tich hop cho phep ciic thu bao sir dpng TV ciia ho mo
r(ong ciic
1

chirc nang dich vu thoai di dong v:i co dinh. Vi du:

Dich vu. thong bao cuoc got den (Incoming Call Notification Service): Hien thi
biu tupng trn TV, thong biro cho thu bao co cuoc gpi thoai/vdieo den. Ngoai ra
con ho trp cac chirc nang hin thi so thu bao va ghi lai cuoc gpi.

Dich vu thong b:to ban tin (Message Notification Service): Hin thi
bieu tuong trn TV, thong biro cho thu bao co Hi nhan (voice mail)
trong hop thu km theo dich vu thoai co dinh va/hoac di dong.

Dich vu thiet lap ket rio (Connection Establishment Service): cho php thu bao
gpi thoai/video tu TV ciia ho.

Dich vu hoi nghi thoai/video (Voice/Video Conferencing Service): cho php thu
bao thaw gia vii/hoac khoi tao hoi nghi thoai/video.

Dich vp danh ba (Directory Service): Cung cap cho thu bao danh ba din thoai
din tir ci th truy c:ip qua TV.

6) Cc d[ch !f I t

et t?cfi hpp

Ciic dich vu. internet tich hop se cho phep su dung TV de sir ding cac Eng ding
Internet triioc day ph:ii sir dung bang retry tinh ca nhan. Ciic d|ch vu. n:iy khong nham d
thay th ciic irng dung Internet dna trn PC ma chiing cung cap ciic bin ph:ip thu:in tin
hon de tniy cap thong tin trong nhung khu vijc khiic nhan trong nh;i thu bao hay ci cac
thoi diem kh:ic nhau.

Duyet web bang TV (TV web browsing): cho php thu bao xem cac trang web
trn TV cua ho.

Nhan tin bang TV (TV Instant Messaging): cho php thu bao thong tin
qua

IM trong khi dong thii su dung cac dich vu video/audio hay

gaming khac.

TV Email: cho php thue bao sir ding ciic Eng dung client trn TV d dpc, gin v:i
nhan thu din tu.

Telecommerce Service: tuong tu nhu cac dich vu

e-commerce,

cac

dich vu n:iy duoc thit k d cho php thu bao sir dung TV cua
minh d tim kim va dat mua h:ing.

Cac dich vii quang c:to

Ho trp cms quiing ciio quang bit truyn thong v:i xen vao cung voi quang bit cuc b (o
tai c:ic dim khac nhau trong mang IPTV. Kha nang tuong quan giira cac set-top box va

cac mirc uu tien dich vp cho php nha cung cap dich vu dna ra cac dich vu quang cao co

hung doi tirong.

Chrrang I. Gii thi u ch eng v IPTV

Vic tich hop cac dich vu quang c:to hurng vao doi tuong sir dung voi
ciic dich vu mua bun tit xa cho php nhii cung cap dich co the giiip khach
hung cua minh thuc hien diipc nhirng thoa thu)an miia bun theo yen cau. Vii
ban chat hat chiu ciia mang thong tin va cac dich vii ket hop, cac thu bao ci
the cung cap y kin danh gia ciia minh doi vi gluing cao trn IPTV de lain
cho dich vu quang cao nity sat voi doi tuong hon, phii hop hon.
Tong ket chuong 1

Chuong n:iy gioi thieu tong quan v h thong cung sap dich vu. IPTV, uu nhuoc
diem cua h thong my so voi cac h thong truyn hinh khac. Mo ta cac thanh phan cc
ban cua h thong IPTV: cac thanh phan thuoc nha cung cap, cac thanh phan thuoc nha
mang, cac thanh phan thuoc thu bao.

CHUONG 2: XAY DUNG TIEU CHUAN

Tiu chufln chit lirpng d;ich vq IPTV

Qua phan tich tinh hinh tiu chun hoa IPTV trn th giri, co th thay hin nay co

nhiu to chirc thaw gia viio qu:i trinh trn chiiiin hoa lien quan de'n IPTV. Hien nay d
d:inh gi:i chat luong dich vu IPTV, c:ic nh:i cung cap dich vp se phim dira vao c:ic trn
chum dirpc tong hop tir nhiu khiiyen ngh i v:i tiu chiiiin ciia cac to chtrc tien chun hoa
tren the' gioi.
Hin tai, ITU-T dang trong quit trinh soan thao hat tiu chuan v chat luong dich

vu IPTV v:i gum sat chat lupng dich vu IPTV G. 1080 [16] va IPTV-GSI [25]. Trong
[16], tiu chun chat luong dich vp IPTV duoc d:inh gia qua cac thaw so nhu:

QoE for video and audio:

Requirements for network transmission

QoE for text and graphics

QoE for control functions

QoE for other IPTV services

Accessibility requirements

Day lit khuye'n ngh i de cap day du nhat cac thaw so, chi trn de danh gia chat
lupng dich vij IPTV. Tuy nhin, trong khiiyn ngh i nity mot ' miic dupc de xuat nhung
son chua co gi:i tr| quy dinh cu th, vii ITU-T khuyn nghi ciic nha khai thac vien thong
dat ra ciic gia tr] phii hpp voi tin hinh thuc t.
Mot dim dang chu y la phan khuyn right v tiu chuan doi voi video, audio va
cac thaw so truyn dan mang truyn Hi trong [16] ci rat nhiu dim tuong tir nhu trong
DSL TR-126 [12]. Tuy nhiu, tiu chuan TR-126 ci khuyn nghi cu th gia tri thci gian
tuong t:ic dich vii va dna ra cac gia tri chi trn d)o kha dung dich vii cua in (ot so nhii khai
th:is vien thong trn the gioi.
Khuyn right TS 181 0 16 ciia ETSI cung moi chi dna ra c:ic d muc v:i
hau nhu khong guy dinh gi:i tri cu th mo in:i co th sir dung duoc trong quit
trinh do kim.

Ke't niki: IPTV lit dich vu moi dang dirpc trien khai tai nhiu niroc trn the gioi. hin tai
ci nhiu to chirc tiu chuan hoa thaw gia viio qua trinh tiu chuan hoa doi voi dich vu
IPTV. Hin tai tiu chuan doi voi d|ch vu. IPTV chua dupc hoan thien chinh thuc. Cho
dn nay, hai tieu chuan quoc t ci th coi la so cu tot nhat d diinh xay dung tiu chun
chat lupng dich vp IPTV la TR-126 cua DSL Forum va G. 1080 ciia ITU-T.

2.1 Phiin tich lqa chpn s cu xiiy dqng trn chua

2.1.1 ITU-T G.1080 va DSL TR-126

Trong ciic chuong truoc, bao ciio da de cap dn cms loai hinh d ich vu IPTV, tinh
hinh ph:it trin d]ch vu. IPTV trn the gioi, cac to chirc tieu chun hoa va cac tiu chuan
hin tai ciia ciic to chirc n:iy lin quan den dich vu IPTV. Hin tai, hai tiu chuan quoc te
co the coi la so cir tot nhat d diinh xay dung tiu chuan chat luong dich vu IPTV la TR126 cua DSL Forum v:i khuyn right dang trong qua trinh hoan thin G. 1080 ciia ITU-T
vi c:ic ly do sari:

Khuyen ngh i G. 1080 d xuat khii da y du cms thaw so chat luong dich vp IPTV:
QoE doi voi video va audio, QoE doi voi text va do hoa, QoE doi voi sirs chtrc
nang diu khin, QoE doi voi cac dich vu IPTV khac v:i cac yu cau truy c:ip. Tuy
nhiu, mot so thaw so chua ci gi:i tri guy dinh cu th.

V cc b:in muc 6 trong khuyen nghi G. 1080 dna trn muc 6 (Entertainment Video
Service QoE Objectives) trong TR-126 cua DSL Forum. Nhirng dim kh:ic biet la
G. 1080 d xuat thm mot so chi tiu khac ma TR-126 khong co. Co th thay duoc
dim khac bit my la do G. 1080 tap trung vao dich vp IPTV I:i mot phan trong gii
dich vp triple-play duoc d cap dn trong TR-126.

Hin tai, phan ldn d|ch vij IPTV dupc cung cap den khach hung qiia wang truy cup
xDSL. DSL Forum lit dun dun chiing cho cac nhii cung cap thiet b i wang xDSL,
c:ic nhii cung cap dich vij va nha khai th:ic mang vien thong bang r(ong. C:ic
khuyen nghi ciia DSL Forum dira ra rat phii hop vi c:ic th it b |mang va dich vu
truyn I:ii trn mang DSL. Chinh vi ly' do my, trong TR-126 co khuyn nghi con
so cu the ve thoi gian tuong tac dich vu ma trong G. 1080 khong d xuat duoc gia
tri cu th.

Hien nay, qua trinh phat trin d|ch vp IPTV tai Viet nam dang trong giai doan daa
va dich vu my se trin khai chu yu trn ciic thu bao ADSL hin co. Nhu vay
vic ap dung cac chi tiu trong TR- 126 la rat khii thi.

Giai doan tip theo, cac nha khai thuc mang se phat trin ciic mang cup quang hoac
lai ghp quang-vo tuyn bang rong... d dap irng nhu cau ve bang thong ngay cang
cao va riling cao chat luong truyen I:ii. Trn thuc Ie, phan ln cac yeu to gay suy
giiim chat luong dich vu IPTV xuat phat tir mang truy cap. Xt theo quan dim ciia
nguoi su dung, khong quan tain toi ha tng va cong nghe mang truyen tai dich vu,
thi khi dirpc trin khai trn c:ic wang c:ip quang, c:ic chi tiu chat lupng dich vii
IPTV dira trn cc so wang truy cap lii xDSL s dupc dap ting mot cach de dang.
23

Do v:iy, trong tuong lai, ciic thaw so chi tiu ky thuat v truyen dan c:in c:ip nhat

v:i nang cao hon.

TR-126 duoc ban hanh thang 12 mm 2006 va khuyn nghi G. 1080 co phin ban
moi nhat dupc sua vao thang 12 mm 2008. Ca hai khuyn nghi my du dam bao
tinh cap nhat.

2.1.2 C:ie tiu chul i ve chat lwpng d;ich vu trong linh vi,rc vien thong
Cac tien chum chat luong dich vij trong linh vuc vien thong [32-37] thirng bao gore hai
phan chinh la:

Chi tiu chat luong ky thuat: guy dinh cac chi tiu ky thuat lien quan dn dich vu.
Phan ton cac thaw so my I ten quan chin yu de'n nha cung cap dich vii vii nha khai
th:ic mang con nguoi st dung ci th khong quan tain hoac khong biet khai n im.
Vi du nhu: trong tiu chun chat luong dich vu truy nhap Internet ADSL, chi tiu
fun luong su dung trung binh cua moi hu6ng ket rio lSP trong khoang thoi gian 7
ngay lien tip < 70% [36]. Hoac chang han trong TCN-68-176, va TCN- 68-253,
chat luong thoai duoc guy dinh theo MOS voi gia tri lan luot la ln hon 3,5 va 3,0.

Chi tieu chat luong phuc vu: trong phan chi tiu nity, ciic tieu chuan du guy dinh
do kha dung dich vp trn quan truc tip doi voi nha cung cap dich vu va khach
hang. Cac chi tiu v thoi gian thiet lap dich vp va tra lcii khiu nai khach hang la
nhtrng chi tien ma mpi kh:ich hang den b it vii quan tain.

Trong cac tiu chuan v chat luong dich vu, TCN 68-277: 2006 co th lain so cu
d xay dung tiu chuan chat luong dich vu IPTV vi:

Xt v phuong din ky thuat, ca dich vu truy cap Internet va dich vu IPTV du

dupc truyn Hi qua mang truy cap va mang Hi cua nha khai thac vien thong. Tiu
chum my da dirpc ap dung trn thuc te' doi voi d|ch vii truy nhap Internet sir dung
ADSL. Nhu vay, cac chi tiu ve chat luong phuc vu se rat phu hop khi up dung
cho dich vu IPTV duoc trin khai trn mang DSL.

Xet v doi tuong up dung, hien tai, o Viet Nam, phan Ion cac nha cung cap mang
du cung sap luon dich vu. nhu VNPT, Viettel... Thoi gian thit lap dich vu va do
khii ding d ich vu. tuy thuoc vao kha n g thit b i va ha tang in g cua nha khai
thac vien thong. Cac nha khai thac my cung du ci ke hoach phat trien d|ch vu.
IPTV trn mang cua minh, tiu chun chat luong dich vu IPTV dna trn tiu chuan
dich vu truy cap Internet ADSL co kha nang dat duoc su dong thuan chung.

2.2. 1 Phneng
dqng

ph:ip xdy

Du thao tiu chuan dupc xay dung theo phuong ph:ip xay dung moi tren cc so thaw
khiio, up ding ap dpng tiu chuiin quoc Ie DSL TR- 126, ITU-T G. 1080. Noi dung ciia ciic
tiu chu:in quoc Ie my duoc ch:ip nh:in dna vao du th:to tiu chuan, co bo sung mot so chi
tiu v chat luong phuc vu dna trn TCN 68-227: 2006.
2.2.2 N(oi dung du tho tiu chuan
Tuong tu nhu cac tiu chuan chat luong dich vii vien thong da ban hanh. Noi dung
Tiu chuan quoc gia v chat luong dich vu IPTV bao gore ciic phan chinh:

Tiu chuan n:iy guy dinh c:ic yu cau chi tiu chat luong cho dich vu IPTV trn mang

Vien thong cong cong.

Tiu chuan n:iy l:i sci cir d ngiroi sir dung gum sat ch:it luong dich vu; cc quan quan ly
Nha nuic v:i c:ic doanh nghip cung cap dich vu thuc hin gum ly chat lupng dich vu

IPTV theo cac guy dinh ciia Nha nuoc va cua Bo Thong tin vii Truyn thong.

[1]

TR-126 Triple-Play Services Quality of Experience (QoE) Requirements,

DSL Forum, Dec. 2006 (Cac yu cau chat luong thuc t cho cac dich vp
Triple-Play).

[2]

ITU-T G. 1080 Quality of experience requirements for IPTV services, Dec,

2008 (Ciic yu cau chat luong thuc t cho dich vu IPTV).

[3]

TCN 68 -227: 2006 Dich vu truy nhap Internet ADSL - Tien chum chat
luong, 2006.

a. D]ch vq IPTV (IPTV service)

D|ch vii da phuong ti)en nhu truyen hinh/video/audio/van ban/do hpa/so I i)eu truyn t:ii
tren c:ic wang dira tren IP dupc kiem so:it nham cung cap muc chat lupng dich vu, do
man ngiiyen, do bao mat va tin cay theo yen ca

b. Doanh nghi(ep cung cap d]ch vq IPTV

Doanh nghip vien thong cung cap d]ch vu IPTV theo ciic guy d]nh cua Nha nuoc va Bo
Thong tin v:i Truyen thong

c. Khach hang
Ca nhan, to chtrc Vit Nam hoac nuoc ngoai sir dung dich vu IPTV
d. Chat lupng d[ch vq
Ke't qua tong hpp ciia c:ic chi tien the h ten mtrc d(o him long ciia ngucii sir dung dich vii
doi voi dich vu do.
e. Sp co
Hu hong ciia mot hoac mot so phan tu ciia mang cua DNCCDV dan dn vic I:inn gi:in

doan cung cap d ich vu. .

f. Phwong php xc dJnh
C:ic phuong phap danh gi:i ch:it luong dich vu voi mirc lay mau toi thiu duoc guy dinh
d cc quan quan ly Nha nurc va DNCCDV :ip dung trong vic do kim chat luong dich

vp. Moi chi tiu ch:it luong dupc guy dinh mot hay nhiu phuong phap xac dinh khiic
nhau. Trong trung hop chi tiu ch:it luong dich vu dupc xac dinh bang nhiu phuong

phap kh:ic nhau guy dinh tai tieu chum my thi tien chum chat luong dupc d:inh gi:i la
phu hop khi kt qua diinh gia bcn moi phuong phap du phu hop voi muc chi tiu quy
dinh.

HDTV

Truyn hinh do trung thuc cao

IPTV

Truyen hinh dna trn giao thirc Internet

SDTV

Truyn hinh do trung thuc tiu chuan

VoD

Video theo yu can

EPC

Hung dan chuong trinh din tu

a) C:ie chi tiu ch1t lwpng ky thui)t

i. Chi tiu chit lirpng tin hi(eu video
> Ch I lirong tin hien video
Dinh nghia: Chat lupng tin hiu video la chi so tich hop chat luong truyn video
duoc xac dinh bang cach tinh dim trung binh voi thang dim MOS tu 1 dn 5 theo
khuyen nghi ITU-R BT. 500-1 1 cua Lin minh Vien thong quoc t.
Chi tiu: Dim chat luong hinh anh trung binh MOS > 3,0. Phuong ph:ip
x:ic dinh: Phuong phap mo phing. Su dung phuong phap do theo khuyn
nghi ITU-T J. 144 rev. I va guy doi ra th:ing dim MOS.

> C:ie thaw so l6p truyn dan

Dinh nghla: ciic thaw so truyn dan tai 16p chuyn tai co gia tri duoc khuyen nghi
d dam bao chat luong d|ch vu video trong IPTV.
Chi tiu: De dam biro chat luong dich vu video, cac thaw

' lip
truyn

dan phai

tuiin theo cac gia tr] guy d|nh trong cac bring tir I dn 4.
Phuong phap xiic dinh: Phuong phiip giiim siit. Su dung cac thiet bi do gum sat tai
thit bi nha thu bao (set-top box). Diu kin gia thit set-top box co hoac khong co kha
nang bu Hi. Cac chi tiu my chi ap dung doi voi cac luong IP truyn Hi rio dung video.
Ciic dai luong trong ciic cot (4), (5), (6) duoi day duoc hiu theo khuyen nghi IETF RFC
Bang 2. 1 : Cac ch i tiu truyn dan doi voi dich vu SDTV, VoD ma MPEG-2
Toc do

Tre, rrs

lung
(I4bps)
(1)

(2)

Rung pfa,

Tho gian loi

Chu ky ton tfrat

Khoang ton

Ti ie Joi goi

me

cc dai, me

goi IP, goi IP

(5)

that goi, su'

kien Ji/gif

luong IP video
(7)

(3)

(4)

(6)

<6

B:ing 2.2: C:ic chi tiu truyn dan doi vi dich vi.i SDTV,VoD ma MPEG-4 AVC hay
VC- 1
Toc do

Tr,

Rung

Thoi gian

Chu ky ton

Khoang ton

Ti Ie loi got

trung

ins

pha, ins

Hi cc dat,

that got IP,

that got, sir

luong IP

ins

gii IP

kin Hi/gici

video

(6)

(7)

Mbp)

(4)

(2)

E-06
1 E-06
2,5

< 200

< 50

E-06
16

5,85 E-06

Bang 2. 3 : Cac chi tiu truyn dan doi vii dich vp HDTV ma MPEG-2
Toc do

Tr,

Rung

Thoi gian

Chu ky ton

Khoang ton

Ti l Hi goi

luong

ins

pha, ins

Hi cuc dai,

that goi IP,

that got, su

luong IP

ins

gii IP

kin Hi/gio

video

(Mbps)

(6)

(4)

< 16

<1

< I , 17 E-06

16

< I , 16 E-06

16

< I , 17 E-06

Bang 2.4: Cac chi tiu truyn dan doi voi dich vu HDTV ma MPEG-4 AVC hay VC- 1
Tr,

Rung

Thoi gian

Chu ky ton

Khoang ton

Ti l loi goi

ins

pha, ins

Hi cms dai,

that gii IP,

that got, su

luong IP

ins

got IP

ki)en to/gio

video
(6) (7)

(4)

ii.

< 16

<1

< I ,28 E-06

t6

<1

2,24 E-06

t6

<1

5,22 E-06

Chi tiu thin gia n twnng I:ie

Bang 2. 5 : Chi tiu thoi gian tuong tac
\'i du

10.000

2
9

iii. Chi tiu ddng bo giiia tin hi(eu hinh vii ting
Bang 6 Chi tiu dong b)o giira tin hiu hinh va ting
Dong bo giira tin h i)eii
hinh va tie'ng

Tieng xiiiit h ten truoc hinh

Ting xuat hien sari hinh

? I 5,0 ins

? 45,0 ins

b) C:ie chi tiu chat lupng phqc vq

Dinh nghia: Do kh:i dung cua dich vu ( D ) |a ty I tho gian trong do DNCCDV san sung
cung cap dich vu cho khiich hang:
D

Trong di:

' : Thoi gian su co thuoc trach nhim ciia DNCCDV duoc tinh theo cong thuc:

' tron thci gian xac dinh do kha dung

ft

Tong so thue bao IPTV tai thoi diem xay ra su co thu

"' : So thu bao IPTV bi anh hu6ng trong su co thu '

Chi tiu: Do kha dung ciia dich vi.i ? 99,5%.

Phuong ph:ip x:ic d|nh: Phuong phap thong k. Thong ke toan b(o su co trong thoi
gian xac dinh d)o kha dung. Thoi gian x:ic dinh d)o kha dung toi thiu la 3 thang.

ii.

Thoi gian thit lap d]ch v

Dinh nghia: thoi gian thiet lap dich vu duoc tinh tu Inc DNCCDV va khach h:ing

ky hpp dong cung cap dich

IPTV cho Hi kh i kh:ich hung co the sir dung dirpc dich

my.

Neu DNCCDV khong the

hpp dong cung cap dich vu thi trong vong 3 ng:iy k

tir thoi diem nhan duoc phiu yu cau cung cap dich vu cua khach hang, DNCCDV phai
co van bun thong biro cho khiich hng v vic tu choi ky kt hop dcing dich vu va nu ro
Iy do tir choi.
Chi tieu: It nhat 90% so hop dong cung cap d]ch vu co thoi gian thiet lap dich vu.
trong khoiing thoi gian guy d]nh nhu sau:
Trung hop khong lap dat dufing thu bao, E < 5 ngay.
Trufing hop co lap dat dufing thu bao, E duoc cong thm thoi gian lap
dat

duong thu bao E,

- Noi thanh, thi xa:

E,
15 nguy.

Phuong phap xac dinh: Phuong phap thong ke. Thong k to tin bo yu cau thiet lap
dich vu IPTV ciia DNCCDV trong khoang thoi gian it nhat la 3 thang.

Chi tiu: It nhat 90% so lan mat dich vp duoc khac phuc trong
khoang then gian guy dinh nhu sari:

< 36 gio.
72

Phuong ph:ip xac dinh: Phirong ph:ip thong ke. Thong k day dii so lien khac phuc
d|ch vp trong khoiing thoi gian it nhat la 3 thiing.

Chi tiu: Khieu nai cua khach hang ve chat luong d|ch vii ? 0,25 khie'u nai/100
khach hng/3 thang.
Phuong phap x:ic dinh: Phuong ph:ip thong ke. Thong k to:in bo so kh ten na ciia
khach hang v chat lupng dich vu trong khoang thoi gian toi thiu la 3 thang
v. HP i erm I:hin net khach hng

Dinh nghla: Hoi am kh ieu na cua khach hang la van b:in cua DNCCDV thong b:to cho
khach h

g co don, thu khiu nai v vic tip nhan khiu nai va xem xt gun quyt.

Chi tiu: DNCCDV phai co van ban hoi am cho 100 % khach hang khiu nai trong
then han 48 gio k Nr thoi diem tip nhan khiu nai.
Phuong phap xac dinh: Phuong phap thong k. Thong k to an b)o
cong v

hoi

am cho kh:ich h:ing v chat luong dich vu trong khoang thii gian Hi thiu la
3 thiing

Chi tiu:
-Thii gian cung cap dich vu ho tro khach hang bang nhan cong qua din thoai la
24 h trong ngay.
-Ty Ie
dich vu ho tro kh:ich hang chim mach th h cong
va nhan duoc tin hiu tra loi ciia din thoai vin trong vong 60 guy > 80%.
Phuong phap xac dinh: Thuc hin goi nhan cong tri dich vu ho tro
khach hang, so cuoc got thir toi thiu I:i 250 cuoc got vao
cac gio kh:ic nhau trong ngay.

CHUONG III: AP DUNG CO CHE THUC HI N D]CH VU IPTV CHO VNPT

3.1 Tim him nhu can sir dqng IPTV fr Vi(t Nam
Tir mm 2006, nhin thay dupc xu hudng ph:it trin manh m cua IPTV, VNPT da
giao cho Cong ty Phan mm va Truyen thong VASC nghin cmi th i truing, xay dung ke
hoach phat trin vii trin khai dich vu. Tai thoi dim do, du IPTV van co la mot khai
nim kha moi m, nhung nhirng ket quit nghien ciiu thi trung cua VASC da cho thay
tiem nang cfia viec trin khai IPTV tai Vit Nam.
De xay dijng phuong an trin khai dich vu IPTV VASC da khao sat tai 4 thanh
pho ln la Ha Noi, Tp.Ho Chi Minh, Da Nang, Hai Phong va tap trung vao cac doi tuong
la ca nhan trong d)o tuoi 18-50, co quan tain den c:ic dich vu gi:ii tri truyen hinh va bit sir
dung Internet. Miic tiu cua cuoc khao s:it nham tire hieu tho quen gi:ii tri cua cong
chung, tim hiu muc do chip nhn cua cong chung dci i vi dich vu truyn hinh truc
tuyn, video theo yu cau va ciic ciic dich vu gia tri gia tang ciia IPTV, du bao nhu cau sir
dung dich vu IPTV va phan tich du lieu thu dooc nham d xuat cac dinh hudng kinh
doanh dich vu.
Ket qu:i cho thay, voi sir phat trien khong ngirng cua kinh te'- xa hoi, nhii cau giai
tri cfia nguoi dan ngay nang cao. Gan 1/3 dc i twcjng dwpc khao siit co nhu cau truy c)ap
Internet, 1/8 co thoi quen xem phim tai rap vii choi video game. Dac biet, 1/2 doi tuong
dupc khao sat co dang k y su dung truyn hinh cup/ky thu )at so, cho thay su quan tain ciia
ho doi voi cac loai hinh dich vu giai tri truyn hinh, dat bit la hinh thirc dich vu TV so
tra tiu. Trn cc scr gioi thieu d]ch vu IPTV, dcing dao khach hang dupc hoi rat quan tain
dn dich vp my, trong do trung binh co trn 50% doi tuong cho bit se dang ky su dqng
dich vu. Day la nhitng du bao lac quan cho thay IPTV s dupc don nhan nhu mot luong
gio moi ve cong nghe gi:ii tri tien ich.
Bn canh do, Viet Nam dang ci nhieu yen to thuan lot de phat trien IPTV, trong
do phiii k dn ty l dan so tre chim hon 70%, toc dci tang trucing thu bao Internet bang
rong ngay cang cao, ha tang truyn dan mang khong ngung duoc nang cap. . . Chinh vi
vay, khong chi xt trn goc do dap ung nhu cau thi trufing, vic trin khai cung cap dich
vu IPTV se tao cc h)oi kinh doanh moi cho cac nha cung cap dich vu, dac bit la tao nn
su tang trudng thu bao bang, gop phan tang doanh thu va khai thac toi da mang bang
rong hin co.

3.2 Tinh hinh trien khai IPTV cua VNPT

3.2.1 Tong quan
VNPT lira chon mm 2009 lain their diem de cung cap dich vii, vic trin khai
th:inh song d ich vii IPTV phii thuoc vao 3 yu to mau shot nhat I:i: noi dung, chat luong
dufing truyn va thi truong. Vri ciic yu to n:iy, den nay VNPT da co h thong mang
bang rong rong khap v:i chim toi hon 75% thi phan bang rong ca nuoc (I .5 triu thu
bao). Cung voi do, vira qua, VNPT da ho:in thanh vic trin khai mang th h moi NGN,
tao diu kin thuan lpi cho vic trin khai dich vp IPTV va cac dich vu gi:i tn gia tang
khac trn mang bang rong. Khong chi chun bi tot cac yeu to v mat ha t:ing, thoi gian
qua VNPT cung da khong ngirng thuc d:iy vic hop tac phat trin c:ic dich vu rio dung
vi c:ic doi tiic trong vii ngoai nuc. Ch inh vi the, miic tiu ciia VNPT lit hudng tii vi)ec
trin khai ciic d|ch vu. IPTV day dii (full-service), co chat lupng cao da trn mot ha tng
mang lun v:i c:ic ring dung noi dung du nang luc phuc vu.
Theo lo trinh trin khai dich vu ciia VASC, du kin trong giai doan 1 se co khoang
14 dich vu IPTV duoc cung cap, trong di co c:ic dich vu cc ban nhu Live TV, VoD, TVoD,

Mod, Information, dich vii quiing c:to. . . Giai doan 2 ciia du :in, c:ic dich

IPTV tien ich

khac nhu Media sharing & Photo album, Usage data, E-education. . . se depc trin khai day
du dn khach h:ing, nang tong so cac dich vu IPTV cfia VNPT ln hon 30 d|ich vu. . Doi
voi cac knh truyen hinh, buoc dau, VNPT se cung cup khoang 32 knh truyen hinh (trong
d c 13 knh co ban quyn nuoc ngoai, 4 kenh HD, c ho trp ciic tinh nang xem lai, tain
dimg) va sau do du kin se nang ln 60-100 knh truyen hinh. Dac biet, the manh vuot trot
ciia VNPT I:i cung cap nhieu dich vu gi:i tri gia tang ma h in c:ic doanh nghip khac chua
co, dci I:i ciic dich vu TVoD, Music, Karaoke, Game, quang cao,
3.2.2 Gi:ii ph:ip trin khai d;ich vu IPTV

Cau truc mang nhu hinh 3. 1 . Tat ca cac fun luong tu trung tain IPTV du duoc
dinh tuyn dn thit bi PE M20 ciia Cong ty Vin thong Lien tinh (VTN). Cac luu luong
dich vu sau do di qua mang core dn BRAS tai cac tinh thanh. Tu BRAS, cac luu luong
duoc day xuong cac access switch 16p 2, DSLAM, va cuoi cung Hi thu bao.

IPTV
Center

Core Router
M160

Core Router
M160

VoDSewer

VoD Server

DStAMs

Hinh 3. 1 : Mo hinh dau noi h thong cung cap dich vu IPTV

Do nhu

u sir dung cling nhir bang thong ch nan dung cua d |ch vij VoD rat
ln

nen de giam Hi cho he thong mang, dac bit la mang duong truc, cac VoD server thir cap
se dupc trin khai tai cac dia dure gan voi thu bao hon. Co hai vi tri co the bo tri cac

VoD server thir cap:

Bo tri VoD server tai BRAS.

Bo tri VoD server tai access switch.

Giai phap bo tri VoD server thu cap tai cac BRAS kha thi hon vi:

Bo tri VoD server tai c:ic access dot hot ch i phi rat ln cho mot

server.

VoD

BRAS la dim I:ip trung luu luong voi so luong thue bao hop ly.

BRAS hoat d(ong c top 3 nn vic ca hinh, diim biro QoS vii qiiiin ly cung de dang

3.2.2.2 MW hinh hocit dcrng

Mang khach hang su dung mo hinh tinh xa dich vp multi-VC

Dich vp IPTV dupc cung cap trn cac ket noi ADSL2+. Moi ket noi ADSL2+ dn
thu bao gore co 2 PVC khac nhau nham cung cap 2 loai dich vu:

PVC 1 : cung cap dich vu truy nhap Internet toc dci cao (HSI)

PVC 2: cung cap dich vu video (bao gore ca VoD, BTV,. . .)

Khach hang su dung cac thit bi dau cuoi khac nhau cho tung loai dich vp:

Video: STB (Set-Top Box)

Internet: PC
Ket rio ADSL2* dupc ket cuoi boi modem hoac gateway. Cas thiet b i my chuyen

cac luu lupng tren cms PVC dn giao din dau ra tuong irng kt
cuoi d ich vu.
6, Ming truy nhap (access iietw'ori)
Mang truy nhap tai cac tinh thanh dupc trin khai theo mo hinh S-VLAN (Service
VLAN hay VLAN per service). Nguyn tac thuc hien mo hinh: mc g truy nhap tai cac
tinh thnh bao gore cac thit b] mang, cac kt noi mang tfi cac DSLAM dn BRAS.
Trong mang truy nhap cau hinh cac VLAN khac nhau cho tirng loai d]ch v se dupc cung
cap. Tai bin cua mang truy nhap, cac luu luong truoc khi di vao mang duoc phan loai d
tinh xa vao cac VLAN dich vu.
Cu th doi voi h thong mang hin tai, mo hinh S-VLAN hoat dong nhu sau:

Tai cac IP-DSLAM, moi cong ADSL2* gore 3 PVC, 'i PVC danh cho mot dich
vp (Internet, VoIP, video).
Tai ciic giao din chinh uplink, ciic PVC duoc tinh xa vao ciic S-VLAN tuong ung
voi tung loai dich vu sir dung phuong thuc dong got 802. lq. Cac S-VLAN my
bao gore:
HSI VLAN: VLAN danh cho dich vu truy nhap Internet
VoIP VLAN: VLAN d:inh cho dich vu VoIP
3

VoD VLAN: VLAN danh cho dich vu VoD

BTV VLAN: VLAN danh cho d|ch vu truyen hinh (multicast).

Hinh 3.2: Mo hinh S-VLAN trong mang tniy nhap

Tai cac switch ldp 2, access switch, cau hinh giao din trunk mang luu luong ciia
cac S-VLAN my.

Cac
802. Ip doi
QoS lp 3
chuyn doi

bin phap dam bao QoS duoc ap dqng trn I g S-VLAN thong qua cau hinh
voi cac S-VLAN tuong ung. Tai BRAS, rim ket cuoi cac S-VLAN, thuc hin
bang DSCP (Different Service Code Point). Nhu vay tai BRAS cm can hinh
QoS tir 802. Ip cua Idp 2 sang DSCP cua 15p 3.

Doi voi dich vu truy nh:ip lntemet toc do cao (HSI), thu bao thuc
hin quay so PPPoE dn BRAS. BRAS c:ip dia chi IP

cho

tirng

kt

noi

PPPoE, thuc hin NAT (nu c:in) va chuyn tiep cac luu luong ra Internet.

Doi voi c:ic dich vu video, d|a chi IP dirpc cup d(ong bang DHCP. Tai BRAS cau
hinh DHCP relay chuyn tie'p c:ic gii tin DHCP dn DHCP server vii thuc hien dinh
tuyn ciic goi tin ciia cac d|ch vu. my dn dich mong muon.

d, Linh ltrcriig multicast

C:ic giao thirc thirc hien ta cac thie't b i nhu tren hinh ve 3.4.
Mot so BRAS khong ho tro multicast VPN da chay song song
va IP/MPLS
trn mang dufing trpc, trong do IP dung de truyen luu lupng multicast.

IP

Ciic BRAS ho tro multicast VPN chay multicast VPN de truyen luu luong
multicast qua mang duing truc.
3.2.3 M(ot so nhi)n xt
Ban dau VNPT mii ch i trien khai d]ch IPTV o c:ic tinh/thanh pho 1dn, chua the
mo rong dupc c:i nuoc do chua tim hiu dupc nhu cau thuc te ta c:ic dia phuong va gin
thanh dich vu van con cao chua thich hpp voi da

Hinh 3.4: Mo hinh truyn I:ii multicast cua VNPT

He thong truy nhap dupc quiin ly hi)eu quit do VNPT da ci ha tiing wang kh:i virng
chac, ve in jat not dung chuong trinh co phu thu (oc vao c:ic nhii cung cap n(o i dung nen co
the x:iy ra c:ic van d v ban quyn vii sir thieu dong bo giira c:ic nha cung cap not dung
vii nha cung cap dich vu.
He thong middleware dat tap trung tai ciic trung tain lori nhu Ha Noi, TPHCM chi
duoc dap ting duoc trong giai doan dau moi trin khai
lupn thu bao con
dich vp vi
it, khi mo rong dich vu so thu bao tang ln thi h thong s trci nn qua tai.
Hin tai VNPT dang cung cap d ich vu IPTV trn cc scr ha I:ing mang truy nh:ip sir
dung cong ngh xDSL nn chat luong dich vu moi dung lai ci mirc thia thu:in voi kh:ich
hang.

Trong tuong lai, khi nhu cau dich vu duoc nang cao, d trin khai dich vu IPTV

thiinh cong ca thay do i cong ngh)e ciia wang truy nhap d d:inn bao chat luong dich vii
cling nhu yen cau ve ' luong ngui dung va bang thong.
3.3 Mot so d xuiit en ch thqc hi(n d]ch vq IPTV cho VNPT
3.3.1 Cn che chung thc hi(n d)ch vq IPTV
Ca tim hieu nhu cu thirc t tai c:ic d |a phuong d trn hanh lap d)at h thong
wang truy nhap, he thong in:iy chin mot c:ich hpp ly de tit kim chi ph i khi mo rong dich
. San khi mo rong dich ra to an quoc thi cm mo rong hoac phan t:in mot phan
middleware cho ciic h thong nho cap viing.
De law phong phu noi dung chuong trinh thi VNPT can hop tac voi nhieu nha
cung cap noi dung va cn co su lien kt chat che ciic nha cung cap voi nhau de diim biro
v mat ban quyn va tinh dong bo v noi dung. Ngoai ra, de nang cao chat luong dich vp
thi mang truy nhap nn sir dung mang quang do mang cap quang ci bang thong 1in du
kha nang d:ip irng nhii cm cua ngircii st dung.
3.3.2 Ve cc che thqc hi(en Broadcast TV
Cac chuong trinh quang ba duoc trin khai theo phuong thuc Multicast trn ne
mang IP. H thong mang cdi phai ho tro va cau hinh cho php luu luong IP Multicast
mang rio dung tir trung tain he thong cung cap dich vp toi dau cuoi khach hang trong
pham vi cung cap dich vu (tien Hi trn pham vi to an quoc)
Giao thuc thuc hin trong he thong IPTV doi voi cac irng dung multicast nn la
giao thuc IGMP v2 vi giao thuc my ho tro hau het cac Eng dung cung nhu ciic thiet bi
mang hin co. Trong tuong lai, khi cac thit bi da ho tro IGMP v3 thi se chuyen sang su
dung IGMP v3. Do sir dung cong ngh truy nhap xDSL nn sir dung giao thirc H264 cho
ky thuat ma hoa vi no la giao thfic h i)eu qii:i cho bang thong thap.
3.3.3 V cc che thqc hi(en on Demand va Interactive
Cac chuong trinh theo yu cau (on Demand) duoc trin khai theo
phuong thirc IP Unicast trong cac pham vi nhat dinh (viing, tiu viing, thanh
pho . . .). Cac fun luong my phai duoc gioi han chi trong pham vi cung cap
dich vp tuong mug, khong duoc chay xuyn suot giira cac viing cung cap
dich vp khac nhau gay lang phi bang thong cua he thong dung trijc.
Nn dat cac in:iy chit VoD o g:in thu bao d gram luu luong

Hi

mang liii. Sir dung RTSP d truyn t:ii vi no dam bao tinh thoi gian thuc
cho cac dich vu cung c:ip cho kh:ich hung.

Tong ket chirnng 3

Chuong 3 tdp trung noi dung chinh ve danh gia hin trang mang vin thong hien
tai ciia VNPT, nguyn tac cc bun to chirc mang IPTV vii cau tins kt noi ciic phim tu
trong mang khi trin khai d ich vu. IPTV :ip dung cho mang vien thong VNPT. D xuat
mot so giai phap thuc hin dich vp IPTV cho VNPT

KET LUAN
Xt trn khia canh cong ngh, xu hu6ng cong ngh hin nay la su hoi tu ciia nhiu
cong ngh d dna ra nhirng loai hinh dich vp tong hop (nhu kt hop cac dich vu thoai, so
tiu va bang rong) cho khach hang, dong thoi tan dung dupc nhirng cc so ha tang san ci
d gum thiu chi phi dau tu nang cap. Dich vu IPTV chinh la mot san pham ciia su hoi lii
do khi ma ch i vi mot thiet bi dau cuo i kh:ich hang co the sir dung rat nh ten c:ic loai hinh
d|ch vp con (truyen hinh quiing ba, truyn hinh theo yu cau, dren thoai thong thung,
din thoai IP, dren thoai truyn hinh, truy c(ap Internet, v.v...). Hon nira viec ap dung cong
nghe de trin khai nhtrng d|ch vij vi cac chi phi nho, toi uu ho:i ha tang vien thong san
co se tang sirc canh tranh. Trong then ky kinh te thi trirng, khi Viet Nam dang dan ho i
nhap voi th gioi, nhung dich vu co chat luong cao voi gia th:inh phii hop voi dcii song
nguoi dan se ngay mot trcr thanh mot phim thit yu cua xa hoi. Voi nhiu tien ich mang
lai dna trn ha tang so san, trong tuong lai IPTV se rig:iy mot pho bien hon, ciich d ich vu
va chuong trinh ngay mot phong phu hon dap ring nhu cau ciia khach hang, gop phan
thuc day phat trin xa hoi.
Dong thoi co th khang dinh vii ha tang mang truy nhap hiiu tuyn va vo tuyn
bang rong trn cc sc mang NGN hin dat ma c:ic nhii khai th:ic cung cap dich vp cua Vi)et
Nam da va dang hirdng toi xay dung thi viec trin khai dich vq IPTV la hop ly va kha
nang b:to d:inn dap mug yen cau trin khai d|ch vu nity la hon to an kha thi
Sau mot thoi gian nghin ciiu va tim hiu citng voi su huong dan cua thay quo Do
Van Trang, em da hot thanh d Hi Nghin ciiu cc ch thqc hie d]ch vq IPTV voi
nhung rio dung chinh sau:

Gioi thiu chung v IPTV, trinh bay khai mean IPTV va cac uu nhuoc diem ciia no
so vii cac dich vu truyn hinh khac.

Xay dung ciic tiu chuan chat luong dich vu cua IPTV

Trn cc so ti in hin nhu ca va tinh hinh trin khai cac d|ch

IPTV d xuat :ip

dung cc che thirc hien d]ch vu. o VNPT

Do day la mot van de ln nen do Hi moi chi tap trung tim hiu cc che thuc hin
ciic d ich vu. IPTV va giai ph:ip trin khai IPTV cfia VNPT in (ot cach tong quan. Huong
tiep theo cua do an la tip tuc tim hiu sau hon giai phap trin khai cung voi cac giai phap
kinh doanh, mo hinh khai thac dich vu, cac giai phap cung cap noi dung,

Mac dii da ht sirc co gang nhung do noi dung van d con mri, thoi gian v:i trinh

do co han nen de ta khong tr:inh khci nhirng th ten sot, em rat mong nhan dupc y kien
dong gop ciia c:ic thay co giao va c:ic ban d co th tie'p Inc ho:in thien v:i nghin ctrii de
t:ii sau hon

43

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

Gerard ODriscoll, Next Generation IPTV Services And Technologies, 2008

Gilbert Held, Understanding IPTV, 2007
David Ram irez, IPTV Security, 2008
Wcs Simpson, Video Over IP 2' d Edition, 2008

Qty://vasc.com.vn
Tran Th Tuynh., Danh gia chat luong truyen dan video MPEG trong mang IP.,
TCBCVT, 2006
Bo TTTT, D ta 9 I -07-KHKT-RD Ngh ten ciiu cong ngh IPTV va kha nang
Nam, Ha Noi 2007
trien khai trn wang

ETSI TS 181 016 V3. 1 . 1 Service layer requirements to integrate NGN services
and IPTV, July, 2009.

Gilbert Held., Understanding IPTV, Auerbach. 2007

Cac bai bao trn internet