MOTORES DE INDUO:

f1 = p n1

0<s1
n1 > n2 0
0 < f2 f1

s = (n1 - n2)/ n1
n2 = (1 - s ) n1
c/ n=n1-n2 n + n = n
2
1

f2 = s f1 = p n

E1= 4.44 f1 N1 k1
s E2 = 4.44 f2 N2 k2
E2= 4.44 f1 N2 k2
I1 = I0 + I2e
a = E1/E2=N1K1/(N2K2)
-E1 = Z0 I0 = R0 Ia = jX0 Im Z0 = R0 // jX0

U1 = -E1+R1 I1 + jX1 I1
s E2 = R2 I2 + j s X2 I2
E2 = (R2/s) I2 + j X2 I2

R2 /s = R2 + R2 (1 - s)/s
X1 = L1 = 2 f L1
X2 = L2 = 2 f L2
I2e = (-1/a) . I2
I0 = Ia + Im

Circuito equivalente exacto (referido ao estator)

U1 = -E1+R1 I1 + jX1 I1
-E1 = (R2e/s) I2e + j X2e I2e
= (R2e I2e + [(1-s) /s]] R2e I2e + j X2e I2e
I1 = I0 + I2e
-E1 = Z0 I0 = R0 Ia = jX0 Im

I2e = (-1/a) . I2
-E1 = -a E2
R2e= a2.R2
X2e= a2.X2

Circuito Equivalente Aproximado

U1 = (R1+R2e/s) I2e + j(X1 +X2e) I2e = (R1+R2e) I2e + j X I2e + [(1-s) /s]] R2e I2e
I1 = I0 + I2e
U1
I2e =
2
R
2
R1 + 2 e + ( X 1 + X 2 e )
s
U1 = Z0 I0 = R0 Ia = jX0 Im
Potncias; Perdas; Binrios
P1 = 3 U1 I1 cos 1 = 3 R1 I12 + 3 R0 I a2 + 3 R2e I 22e + 3 [(1-s) /s]] R2e I 22e
P2 = 3 (R2e/s) I 22e = 3 R2e I 22e + 3 [(1-s) /s]] R2e I 22e PJr = s.P2 =3 R2e I 22e
P = 3 [(1-s) /s]] R2e I 22e = (1-s) P2
T = P2 = 3 (R2e/s) I 22e [Ws]

Pmx =

3U12

(R

2
1 + R 2 e ) + X (R1 + R 2 e )

Tmx =

T = T.p/1

3U12

2 R12 + X 2 R1

=>

=>

s=

s=

R2 e

R2 e
R12 + X 2

(R

R2 e

+ R2 e ) + X 2
2

Ensaio em Vazio: (s 0) : Mede-se P0; I0; cos 0; U1

Ia = U1/R0 = I0 cos 0

Im = U1/X0 = I0 sen 0
2

P0 = 3 U1 I0 cos 0 = 3 R1.I0 +Pfe + Pmec

0 ;

sincronismo (s = 0)
I0 = U1/Z0 = Ia + Im
P=0 ; T = 0

Ensaio em Curto-Circuito (s = 1): Pcc; Icc; Ucc (rotor travado - Arranque)

Pcc = 3 Ucc Icc cos 1c = 3 (R1 + R2e) Icc2

Ucc = Icc

(R

+ R2 e ) + X 2
2

I1a = Icc U1/Ucc

X;

OCt

P1a = 3 U1 I1a cos1c = Pcc (U1/Ucc)2

1c ; R2e
U
OC0 = 1
2. X
U1
I2a =
(R1 + R2e )2 + X 2

CtR

C0Ct

Ta = P2 = 3 R2e I2a2

CtT

Diagrama de Circulo:

C0Ct

C0C
CtR
CA

Linha de potncia de sada (mecnica);

I2a
Linha de Binrio
P1a
SR Pfe (est+rotor)
P1
AB Pfe+mec
CD
P

P CD
=
P1 CA

s=

PJr DE
=
P2 CE

OC0

I0 ;

U1

2( X 1 + X 2 e )

U1
2. X

OCt
I1a
OC
I1
C0C
I2e
TS PJe
CtT
PJr=P2a=Ta R2e
BE PJe R1 CE
P2 = T DE PJr R2e
= Potncia de sada (mecnica)