Cap 3 Torsión Beer

cma ene cs Yee Oo eee ed ede CHAPTER 33.1 Determine the torque T which causes a maximum shearing stress of 70 MPa in PROBLEM 341 the sce cylindrical shal shown, Tar TE T= Het ail Ts Zetex, E.018)(7ovi0%) = G4) Nem S§.8¥1O m 5S.8 mm et PROBLEM 3.6 3.6 (a) Detemine the torque which may be applied to a sold sh of 9-mm outer diameter without exeeding an alowable shearing stress of 75 MPa, (6) Solve pat a suing thal the sold sha is replaced by hollow shaft ofthe same mas and of 90- ah tam iver diameter. (a) For the sofid shaft c= dd = $)(0.070) * 0,045 m Ze Ect = Flo.ous} = 143.4 vio wt Coat qs nots Teal - (as xio® \U93.14 x 1") = 0.74 * 108 New 10.74 KNe m= We) HodPow shaft cy= $d, = (4)(0,090) = 0.045 m For equal masses the cross sectional areas must be equel Azwet se wez-6t) or c=fe4e" c, = fo.c4s* 4 0,045* © 0,0636396 m T= Eq" - 6") = 19.3237 #166 m* ow -< a el Ee Ys 22.77 lo? Nem 22.8 Nem atc oa a ape eet or] 1 eel eaic (al ca (eel: a oxowtt 3 27 (fart dame lp dn sw eerie he ae i a yc a dame th lw of ee ee uitinienr mest asoaca npele ain 5 SOLUTION 7 (a) Solid shaft eagd = $130) = 1S in Fooup.in Tes 27 ava . ’ 0 PRI Tray? B= AT - QO 7.545 si mt ® (b) Hoblow shaft cada) = £(40) = 2.0 in, Is Beto) _ 5 Ce Ce Tone Rea ete a ene y (C020) _ “4 ots c= AES = 201 See = 748 in Cc, = 1.7439S in A= 26, 3,49 in =< PROBLEM 3.8 3.8 (a) Determine the torque which may be applied to a solid shaft of 0.75-in. éiameter without exceeding an allowable shearing stress of 10 ksi. (6) Solve part a, assuming thatthe soi shaft has ben replaced by a hollow shat ofthe same erss- SOLUTION sectional area and with an imer dimmcter equal o halts outer diameter. (a) Seid shaft: 2d = GMe75)= 0.325 in. w= Be' = Eo.37s)' = 0.031063 Lint Lon = 10 si T+ Tow O.o2168Kie) 0,228 kipin or 828 tbin (6) HoPfow shaFt For He same area as the sodid shaPt 2 A= n(ci-c?) = mcd -(tay]= $7 = 7e C,? #e = # (0.875) 0,433013 in Gt kG, = 0.216506 2 T= Ele,'-6,") © E(oussora! - 0. 216506") = 0.051772 in® T = Gel = UOMOOSIZ) = 1.196 kiprin on 1196 inh 0.43301313.9 The torques show are exerted on pulleys A and B . Knowing that each shat is solid, determine the maximum shearing stress (a) in shat 4B, (6) in shaft BC. noms SD) > SOLUTION Shaft AB! Ty = Zeothwm, A= 0.080m, 672.015 m PROBLEM 3.9 oan " =a Non Coon = TS 2 BE , (20800) a AD: I aes * easy “ARK. = 56,588 x10° Pa = S66 MPa = Ne SheFt BC! Tae = 300 +400 = 700 Nem . i 2 Te .2T , B20 d= 0,046m , C= 0.023 m Tmo J > Ted “(0.023)5 = 36.026 «10° Pa 36.6 MPa PROBLEM 3.10 3.10 The torques shown are exerted on pulleys 4 and B which are attached to solid circular shafts AB and BC. In order to reduce the total mass of the assembly, TE = BE, 700) J TES © “(0-028 = 36.626 xIOS Pa = 36.6 MPa The Pargest stress (56.588 x10° Pa.) cccuns in porchion AB Reduce the diameter oP BC te provide tHe same stress, az res are (A)E700) 6 es FE sBRies + Taste CF R89 HIO* in d= e+ 39.79 x10"%m 51.8 mma Tac = 700 Nemfesse dete Cee c ean eee ries Core : 3.11 Knowing that each portion of the shaft AD consists of a solid circular rod, oan determine (a) the portion of the staf in which the maximum shearing stress occurs, (@) the magnitude ofthat stess. 00th in, SOLUTION She} AB! T= 400 Ib in c= 4d = 0.30 im 7 Tue = TS = FE Loa = aysiee). = 948) psi aan ShaFt BC: T=-400 +1200 = 800 dein ie aT. 5 cetd = 0.375 m Trae? TE 27, ieee, = 9653 ps ShoFt CD? T= -400 +1200 +500 = 1300 db.in 2001 ia, © Mpc = 975%, ade = 0.48; nay" FE = BT = BXiB00) - etd = 0.45in fics TOgy® 9082 psi becwerst (a) shaPt BC (b) 9.66 ksi ~« PROBLEM 3.12 3.12 Knowing tht a 0.30-in-dameter hole hasbeen driled through each portion of ‘shaft 4D, determine (a) the portion of the shaft in which the maximum shearing stress occurs, (b) the magnitude of tat stress sents SOLUTION Hole: C234, OS in Shaft AB! T= 400 fb-in 2 C,= 4d, = 0.30 in pe = 07518. T= F(q'-¢") = F(0.30"- 0.15") = 0.011928 in? ‘equ = 08 in Cray Te 2 (4Yooro.30) _ wr O.Onaae = 10600 psi = ShaP+ BO! T =-400+1200 = 800 fh: in C, = 44, = 0.375 in T= ¥e'-¢,1) = B(o.31s* 0.15") = 0.030268 int 2 Te . (Booyo.375) _ : Trae = GR = ee = Ia psi Shedt CD! T = -400 +1200 +500 = 1300 Mein Cp Edy = O.4S in T=BGt-6") = E (0.95% - ois") = 0.063617 in¥ ‘i 300 ows) _ : Tray = Toe 4300 C006) = 1196 poi ani dep = 09% Amboy Answers! (a) shaft AB (b) 10,06 ksi =3.13 Under normal operating conditions the electric motor exerts a torque of 2.4 KN-mat A. Knowing that each shaf is solid, determine the maximum shearing stress (o)in shaft AB, (6) in shaft BC, (c) in shaft CD. PROBLEM 3.13, j= LEkN-m [Fo 08k Ty = 041N ww SOLUTION Shaft ABE Tag = 24xIO% Nem, cated = 0.027m The = = = 4 . Genes = T7ASHIO Pa. 77.6 MPa, = ShaPt BCP Tee = ZA KNem — 1A Kom = 12 kNem | cates 0,028 m Tee = E = 2 2 O20) = 6 res xict Pa 62.3 MPa Nm cated = 0.023 m = BE = DOM) - goat 20.5 MPa 3.14 Under normal operating conditions, the electric motor exerts a torque of 2.4 PROBLEM 3.14 kN:m at 4. In order to reduce the mass of the assembly, determine the sinallest diameter of shaft BC for which the largest shearing stress in the assembly is not increased. SOLUTION See solution to problem 3.14 For figure and For maximus shear stresses in portions AB, BC, and“ED ot the shaft. The ages? value FS Tay = 17-625 x10% Pa oceunny in AB. Adjvst diameter of BC te obtain the same vadue of siness =e , 2 ar, @Xnaue*) _ 16% wt = re = Wore moe) = TBAT AIO” ww C= BAB HO md Ze = 42.810 m 42.3 mm < cv PROBLEM 3.15 Gy - The ebDowable BAS The allowable stress is 15 ksi inthe 1.-in-diameter rod AB and 8 ksi in the 1 8:in.-diameterrod BC, Neglecting the effet of stress concentrations, determine the torque that may be applied at 4 SOLUTION re Ete, Shaft AS! Tr 2 ISks CBRE O.7Sin Ts Flos Pls) = 4.44 kip -in ShaFt BCE Cry = 3B ksi cakd = 0.90m T = Elosoy(s)= 4-16 Kiprin torque is the smabfer value THUG Kip me PROBLEM 3.16 3.16 The allowable stress is 15 ks in the stel rod 4B und 8 ksi in the brass rod BC. Knowing that a torque T”~ 10 kipin. is applied at 4, determine the required diameter of (9) rod AB, (8) for BC. SOLUTION bw TE, TE, xz ShePt AB: T= 10 Kip-in Tony 2 IS ksi ots Get = 0.4244 in’ C= O.7SITin d=2e 7 1.503 mw —_ Shaft BC: T= /0 kip-in Conny = & KSI of ayes) = 0.79577 im © = 0.9267 in d= 2c = 1,853 in. -_< 7 LJ c a 13.17 The sold rod AB bas a diameter dy = 60 mm. The pipe CD has an outer jecuuent aa diameter of 90 mm and a wall thickness of 6 mm. Knowing that both the rod and the Pipe are made ofa steel for which the allowable shearing stress is 75 MPa, determine the largest torque T which may be applied at 4 SOLUTION ay = 15 w10% Pa Tu = Tw Red AB: c= dd = o.080m, Sete Te = $3 Ley = (0.080) 75" 0*) = 3/80 210 Nem Pipe CDi = C, = FA, *O.04Sm =O # CE = 0,045-0,296 = 0.089 m T= E(e,'- 7) = F(o.04s*- 0.027") = 2.8073 x17 mn = (2.8073 x10% Was x108) 2 Ne Tuy = (78278 x10 Kis ot 4.6749 «007 Nem APPowable torqve is the smedar vYolue (3.18 x10" Nem) 3.13 KNem SOLUTION * Solid wed BC: T=Te g=Fe" Cay= 25 *10% Po. stds 0.015m Tan = Fe* tw = E(o.oisPGsnio®) = 132.536 Nem B Hollow vod AG: Tiy = SO*I0% Pa Tey = 132.536 Nem Co = td, = $(0.025) = O.0RT m q2 ? aa ee Ty = Ste = EC, oe 2T ew Ce _ 232.536 Yo.01s) Tow W (G0 x1) C2 7ST HOF m = ASTmm dt 2c = 1518 mm Cae = 0.0125" = 8.3203 vIe* ABfoveble torque Tay = 182.5 Nem «(seed eee (=a) ot) 5 J | 3.21 A torgue of magnitude 7= 1000 Nim is applied at D as shown, Knowing tat FROBLEM 321 te dtr of ha 1 Sone edt ha CD 942, er smaximum shearing ze in () shad AB, (5) shall CD. SOLUTION Tep = 1000 New Ye Twa # 5 Teo = PE i000) = 2500 N-m Shel} AB? Ghia 0.028 m ‘ = (AMRS00) | ‘ ve yy as Se) 72.50 *10 TRS MPa = 40 mm and dyy = 32 mm, determine the largest torque T. which may be applied at C. PROBLEM 327 SOLUTION Shaft AC! Tnme® SOMO PR, Cake = 0.020 m Tet TE = Bex = E (0.020)(50m109 = 628.3 Nem ShaPt DE? Tonys SOM Pa, C=fe = 0.016 m Te EE sBee Floor ¥(soxio*) = 321.7 Nem From Statics? Te = er = B(wa.7) = S147 Nem Adfowable valve of Te is the smaller, we. Te = SIS Nem - PROBLEM S28 Sone a i oda hg rs yw maybe sin apple at 4 ie souvmi0n Shaft AP T= Bksi catd = OAS in el peteee The TE tee = Elorsvla) = 0.19635 kip-in > Sh Bl T= Bb cHatd= 0.3125 in : Tas EE = Bete = Elo.siasl(2) = 0.3886 kip-in Fron Staties? T= a Ta + Gant) Tg = (tan 12.48°)(0.3885) = ORT ipso Mowabbe value af Th is the smabler Th = 1278 Keprin = 127.8 Abin — (so ta ea aca (a. Hee Ja oo ioe 3.29 (a) For a given allowable stress, determine the ratio Thw of the maximum foe enat allowable torque Tand the weight per unit length w for the hollow shaft shown. (6) ‘Denoting by (7/w), the value ofthis ratio computed fora solid shaf of the same radius express the ratio Tw for the hollow shaft in terms of (TTw)y and eyey (Z SOLUTION we weight po ont Aergth ~~ Ws total weight, b= dength Mctatinaers YA = ¥7 (e,*-¢2) T + Tis 2% Sage CY tye geese iecsn oY) ts specific weight ete C+ C,*) T, Ca Teg (ae cheat» Ete SLY henrela) = 20 for solid shatt (ZT), = = Csollid shat) (tn. : (= a) (T7wy, = 1 * a (FL (1+ &) =< fates issahonn in (hn epponiat ve may bate! ee ssi Tan ‘stresses to be uniformly distributed over the area A of the cross section, as shown in Fig. (2),and then further assuring that all the elementary shearing forces actadistance fom O equal to the mean radius r, = ¥4{¢, + ¢,) of the cross section This approximate value is ty = T/Argy where T is the applied torque. Determine the ratio ‘uu/Ty Of the true value of the Maximum shearing stress and its approximate value 7, for values of c;/e, respectively equal to 1.00, 0.95. 0.75, 0.50, and 0. SOLUTION 2Te, For ahelew shatt: ty = Tt = PE Se = Tee : a AGP +C;?) Sati e 2-4. By defintin C= ah * Rtas) wep Te = SoC. _ 1 + (lta) Dividing e = gt TGF NCEE <_< Ole, 1.0 }0.95 |0.15 | O05 | 0.0 Tel t | 1-0 11.025 11.120 11.200 | ho(eso) fever se Coal 1 7 PROBLEM 3.31 = 3.31 (a) Forte solid steel shaft shown (G = 77 GPa), determine the angle of twist a1 A, (b) Solve part a, assuming thatthe stel shaft is hollow wth a 30-mm outer diameter and a20-rm inner diameter SOLUTION (@) c=d= 0.01ISm, T= Bets Flo.ois)" J = 72 S22 KIO mY Le Bm, GF 77x/0% Pa T+ 250 Nem eo: e__G50) (1-89 = 3.4910* TH7MIO*VCITSAAwIO | ATMO vad = CB. 4anjo'3 i _ ° = at Ps 421 = (6) = 0.015, C= $d,70.0lI0m, T=Ele'-6") T= E(0.018'- 0.010") = 63.814 410" m* g -& Q = a ASQMIB) __ sai sand nad = BEGLSan0* 2525" mat (77 #107 (63. 814 * 10" 3.32 For the aluminum shaft shown (G = 3.9 x 10°psi, determine (a) the torque T which causes an angle of twist of 5*, (6) the angle of twist caused by the same torque T in a solid cylindrical shaft of the same length and cross-sectional ares, PROBLEM 3.32 SOLUTION a 9-H, 7-H P= S° = 87.2610 med, Le 4Fh= 48m TAG") = F(o.1st- 0.5") = 0.39884 int 7 = stot Ko.g 796s e726 210") =2.2979 x10 Mein = 2.83 kip-in =< (6) Hoddow shaPt — A = 1(C2*- ¢*) Solid shft A = 71¢? Matching areas cts 65-6,*= 0.95*- OS" = 0.3125 in® c= 9.ss9oin, T= bets Elo.ssae)' = 153.878 /0* in’ = TL __(.8274%103 )(48) - 3 D* EF = amor jOss sieve? 7 ME BT*IO™ wad = 13.007 <«edited a 3.33 The ship at 4 has just started to drill or oi om the ocean floor ata depth of PROBLEM 3.33 5000 A. Knowing that the top of the 8-in.diameter steel drill pipe (G = 11.2 10" gi) rotates through two complete revolutions before the drill it at B starts to ‘operate, determine the maximum shearing stress caused inthe pipe by torsion. SOLUTION = ie = &lg o° af Tse He > Glge . GPs vo ds + Sges. Gps Qe Zrev =(Alam) = 12,866 ved, C2 tds ton L = S000 4 = 60000 in 7 = WR x10) C12, $66 3(4.0) C0000 = V3BRE elo" pss = 1.38 ksh — PROBLEM 3.34 5.34 Determine the largest allowable diameter of a3-rn-long steel rod (G= 77 GPa) ifthe rod isto be twisted through 30° without exceeding a shearing stress of 80 MPa SOLUTION Le 3m, p= ga = 523.6*/0% rad, T= 80x06 Pa > ik - Se eis - Glee - Goe = £b CC ee ee se ou t+ &* Be 13. 3 c= feo mo V3.0) 5.453 xid® m = $2953 mm (17x10 )(523.6 «10°3) d= 27 1.41 mm = 32.35 The torques shown are exerted on pulleys 4 and B. Kno sare PROBLEM 335 ssid and na of sninan(G= 77 OP dene ng af ts wees) 4 od B, (0) aC: TN 1 soLuTion or Lf gp |) The = 300 Nem, bag 704m, Cyt tel = 0.015 m ee Ta = F(0.015)" = 79.522 *10°7 m* ie asm = Talus _ (8000.9) es ot LUiset Daa = Gage = CSTTES TATION = HHOFS w1O” vad Py = 253° « (&) Tee = 300+ 400 = 700 Nem, bac ® O.75m, Costa = 0.025 m Toe = © (0.023)" = 439.528 107 m? = Tube _ __(700)( 0.75 - ston® Gee? ER = ETRE) = IS-SUxIO™ red Pre = Pan + Pac = $4606 %/0% pad = 3,42" =eeeed esse tetoeee 71 c (teen Gees ere ee) (ad: co PROBLEM 3.36 0mm 41.36 The torques show are exerted on pilysB. Cand D. Knowing thatthe entize shaft is ade of scl (G = 27 GPa), detemine the angle of twist between (a) and 2.(6) Dand 8. SOLUTION Te (a)Shatt BC: C=hd* 0.0m Sec Bet = 79. 522 x/07% mm" Lge + 0. oe Ge 27x10" fe (60 (0.8) : a : Pee Bosra) = ONN9904 wed = B5Y° me Bam (b) ShePt CD: c= 4d = 0.013 m Seo= Fe = 164.896 x10" m* Leet Om Tap = 400-900 = - SOO Nem = Th ~ _(-500)(1.07 ae Pe oF = (27 «10° 164.896 x10 Cae = Doct Pop = O.NNFOH = 0611220 = 0.08674 vod = ZN me -L \ beam Shah G Answers? (a) (o) PROBLEM 337 ~ 337 The solid brass rod AB (G= 34 GPa. )is bonded to the solid aluminum rod BC(G~ 27 GPA). Determine the angle of twist (a) at B, (b) a1, SOLUTION Shaft AB! cd = 0.0m — L= 0.250m G = 39x101 Pa TS 180 Nom J = Bet = 79.822010"" m* TL ~__(180)(0.250) : “3 Ga GF = Bor 7eSza71O) © | S10 xO rad BC: ordd = 0.018m, L = 0.320m = 27x10" Pa, T= 180 Nem Te Bets ey. 296x107" m* Pac = poy 82M 820) | 12.987 4105" rad (27 ¥1OT (164.896 vlot Go * Pac = 12.937 x 10% vad = 0. 741° KR> Soot Pro 4 27.4497 e107 vad = 1.573" Aceo co (Gara (xz PROBLEM 3.38 le ret. 338 The brass rod 4B (G = 5.6 « 10* psi) is bonded to the aluminum rod BC (G= 39 1 pst. Knowing that each od is sold, determine the angle of ist mB, bac, SOLUTION Both portions C24d = 0,25%m Je Rete 6.1359 «10% in? T= 300 Abs in Shaft ABs Grg= S.6x10% psi Lae 4 FE = 48 in Pe* Pag = Lbae. (300248) Be” Cal Eb RIO NG. BFF) = 0.417 vod = 24,0° -_ ShaFt BC: Ge 3.9 10% pai Len? Ft = 72 im. Pact Lbs 2 Ge0)¢r2: “Gul Gswiss) = 0.908rad = SIL7° Pe = Pat Pac = 0.417 $0,903 2 1,320 nad = 75.6% oei rn U 1 U 1 3.9 Two solid steel shafts (G = 77 GPa) are connected by the gears shown. Knowing that the radius of gear Bis * 20 mun, determine the angle through which fend A rotates when Ty = 75. Nem, PROBLEM 3.39 SOLUTION Calestation of torques, Civcumferent’al contact fara. between gears Band ¢ lactase on Fees Te 2 tee bts “ The = Tat 15 Mom 2.060 “| ston Teo= 282 Gs) = 225 Nem Twist in shat CD Top 2 Begg = $0,012)" = 32.572015" mm", Lig £ 0-400 m = TL , (245) (0,400) -s Ciaiae ete Pa * EF * TamotVsasianon? FS. BBS*/0° vad, Retation angte at C Pe! Peo = 85.285 210° pat Civeomfverkieh displacement at contact porats of gears B and C Se nO = Mate Rotation angle 4 B: Twist in shat AB= 2,060 ae <3 Pe» BREE (88.285 16")= 107, 654210" vad Jet Fla = — 15,708 x(o™ m*, Lag = 0.500 m 4 ° OS \o.500) a ae Ge 77x10" Pa, Pye ® ad > Games eamy) 7 B1LOOF*10 rast Rotation at A Qh: Dat Dap * 188.7 41 rad © 794° = a PN TroPROBLEM 3.40 3.40 Solve Prob. 3.39. assuming that a change in design of the assembly resulted in the radius of gear B being increased co 30 me. G277GPu, Pg 3mm, Tet 75 Nem Determine the angde thvouyn whieh end A rotates, SOLUTION Cobevdation F torques CireumPerentiad contact force betwee. geere Band C = Te 2 Teo. = (| Fe tet Teo? a Tan ne = Ta = 7S Nem Teo = 2982 (15) = 150 Nem Twist in shalt CD Sep? Feed = E(o.oi)"= 32572«10" mm" beg = 0.400 m (i! : pat mata imeem wie | G= 77410" Pa, Pay = BI 7 CirmoVaasiamey) © 23-723 x10 vad Rotation angde at © Pe = Peo = 23.923K10% rad. CircomPerentia? displacement at contact pon of gears B and C. S= NG > ete Rotetion ongde ot Bo he LEG, = REL (23.423010")= 47.246 215 rl Twist in shabt AB She = BGag > E (0.010) = 15.708x 10" m" Lap = 0.500 m : 3 ~ TL ,__GS)(0.500) a 2 G = 77x10" Pa, Ve? BF Geo GSB OF) 31.00¢*10” pad ere fe Rotation ot A Qh = Oy+ Pg = 78.85xlo rad = 4.52 ~« peel‘3.41 Two shafts, each of $ - in. diameter, are connected by the gears shown Kaowing that G = 11.2 « 10®psiand that the shaft at Fis fixed, determine the angle ‘Through which end A rorates when a 750 Rein, torque is applied at A. PROBLEM 3.41 SOLUTION Calevdetion of torques Circumterentiel cow tect Force between qeus Band E fs le . Te cole Twist in shaft FE Lees Bin, Sees Fes F(0.895)'= 31.068xi in” G #12 *l0* pss = Keele . 6000 )(8; ___ 210" Gee = EET “Giamotyaied wos) © 24-995 x10" cad Rotation al E Ge = 2299S FIO ed Tangertiad displacement at gear circle S = Vede > Yada Rotation at B te z @, = $(artasr1d*)= 30.6600" ved Twist in shalt BA he = 6452 Win, Syy* 8068/0" int ~ Bybee Qso ci) . a Ya? Sg” iano CLOBAE) ~ 7713410" wed Rebetion af A De = Det Aq > $0-OHIC*s 27.713 ¥10* = 54.373 #15> vasd = 8.12% =~yea Rk a Cc ma 3.41 Two shafts, each of }- in. diameter, are connected by the gears shown PROBLEM 3.42 Knowing that G = 11.2 « 10° psi and that the shaft at Fis fixed, determine the angle trough which ead A rotates when a 750 Brin torque app at A SOLUTION 3.42 Solve Prob. 3.41, assuming that after a design change the radius of gear B is 4 ‘in, and the radius of gear £ is 3 in. Caberdation of torques yerticd contact Force ween gears Band & ste. Te Pet Ter = FE Tae = £080) = $62.5 fbin Twist in shabt FE Ler = Bin, Sper Fete BU0.875)" 31 0680/0" in? G 211.2108 psi) = Tele aye Gee * “Ei > Wino 31.0687) = 12.935 x10 ad Ret ation at E Pe = 12.985 410" rad, Tangential displacement at gear circle = ted = Vote Ration ot B Pgs BQ, Plrzassee*) © 2.701 1107 red Twist shat AB Lat 6459 Hin, Tyg = 5/0638/0 in’, Tie lee ___(750)Cu1) = = S0eN) 213 «(077 tad Qa” ES * WaxeFYsraaxet) 773600 Rotation at A R= Pte F 4 Jolxfor® + 23.713 x1o* = 33. 414*107 tod Fda =343 A coder F, used to record in digital form the rotation of shaft 4, is connected PROBLEM 3.43 to the shaft by means ofthe gear train shown, which consists of four gears and tape solid stel shafts each of diameter d. Two of the gears havea radius r and the other {wo a radius nr. Ifthe otation of the coder Fis prevented, determine in terms of 7, SOLUTION 4.G,.J,and m the angle through which end 4 rotates. Re eGo = Wee + BE - Bh) ot te = & TR(L Me Be Es Bla) ng > Tndos s Td or oF B= +s = Bara) oz PROBLEM 3.44 (343 A coder F, used to record in digital form the rotation of shaft A, is connected to the shaft by means of the gear train shown, which consists of four gears and three solid stel shafts each of diameter d. Two ofthe gears have a radius and the other two a radius nr. Ifthe rotation ofthe coder Fis prevented, determine in terms of 7, i 1.G,J,and m the angle tough which end rotates. See sodstion to PROBLEM 3.44 For the gear train described in Prob. 343, determine the angle through which 343 For devedop ment gf cmd rtaes when 7=0.75 Nm t= 60 an d=4 mm, G=77 GPa and n= 2 equetion Poe Da a= EER Data? T+ 0.725 Nm, Ps 0,060 m, C=td = 0.002m, G = 77x10, SOLUTION 022, T= ¥ct = E(o0.002)" = 25.193 x10" m* (0.750.060) fs . % a (I tbe L) = 30.5200 rad = 1.749% =coh fal Bela ecole tt eee oer Cc 2 3.48 The design specifications of a 2-m-long solid circular transmission shaft require PROBLEM 3.45 that the angle of twist ofthe shaft not exceed 3° when a Determine the required diameter ofthe shaft, knowing, steel with an allowable shearing stress of 90 MPa and a modulus of rigidity of 77 GPa, SOLUTION (® aronze wih an allowable bearing ses 35 MPa and a modus of igi of Q = 3° = S2.B60H10 wad, T= Px108 Nem Le 20m Q? eae ce eee Heke 7 2 + = Fag based on twist eagle = 25 2 08: 2b based sheanny stress (a) Steed shaft: t= 9010 Pa, G=77%10° Pa op EF 7 He V4xX109 12.07 . oy Based on twist ongle TOONS ROTTED) = RADIO mw Tr C= M06 R/O m = 4.06 mm d= 2e= 82.1 mm 2 Based on shearing stress ots Ono) F 68.662x107S m® = 89.98210% mm = 89.93 mm d= REF 19.4% mm Required value of A is the Darger: A= B21 mm = (b) Bronze shaft = T= 35xi0° Po, Ge 42 «107 Pa f 4. GY4x10°) (20) a mcy Based on twist angle OF Stan GR oxo) $2103 10S we C= A7.78x10% m = 47.78 mm d= 20 * 95.6 mm oa = RMGION) 6 4d Based on shearing stress Or elas eign)” = 168.702 410% ms c= SH Toxlo tm © SH To mm d= 2 = 1094 me Required valve of d is the Jarger A= 104.4 mm «lessor te ere ere Dor] [ [ mo 3.46 The design specifications of a 4-f-long solid circular transmission shaft require Moa oed thatthe angle oftwist of the shat not exceed 4° when a torque of 6 kiprin. is pplicd Determine the required diameter of the shaft, knowing thatthe shaft is mace of a steet SOLUTION ‘with an allowable shearing stress of 12 ksi and a modulus of rigity of 11.2 « 10° pa, Based on twist angbe = 9 = 4° = 64.81¥ IO" Md, Le HA 4B in, TF 6 bip-in = Cooodb th Gi. x10% psi =: au 9. 2TL , (2)(6000)(4a) tf : ga a oo abet Naoto Vea.aixios) ~ O° 784S in? Ct 0.696 in As 20 = 1.392 in Based on shearing stress T= 12 ksi = 12000 psi aul 2 = ZT . )66000) _ : ue + BE cts BE - Bissoee) | osiga int Cr 0.683 in Aa 2% 1.366 in, Reqvivedt cliameter is the Pavyer A= 1.392 ine = [ tco =. eee escola cece reel cor 1 3.47 The design of the gear-and-shaft system shown requires that steel shafts of the PROBLEM 3.47 same diameter be used for both AB and CD. Its further required that fag < 60 MPa tad that the angle q, through which end D of shaft CD rotates not exceed 15° ‘Knowing that G= 77 GPa, determine the required diameter ofthe shaas. SOLUTION Teo 2 T, = 1000 Hem Teo o Tha BTet $82 (ooo) = 2500 Nem on design baste on stress, vs teeae Bique Thos 2500 Nem om . ar © al * Tet a, 27 Masoo) . 6g et: BF 2 ase = 26.526 110° m © F RYBAHIOT m= 29.82 mm, d= 262 54.6 mm Design based om rotation angle y= 15° = 26.18 107% rad ShePt AB: Tig = 2500 Nem, L= On m TL 2) (04 Qu * EE Gseom = Wee = Jec0 van Pia > Gy zh od eco. 2500 Fe EG > GEES = Gr Shaft cp Top = 1000 Nem, Le 0.6m xm = Ze = eooy(e.c) . ge fe i Qo= et toy = SEP BE = WO = Bes = (2X 3100) _ Bloo’ ey at ow ce tee, fl) ey 979.06 #107" m CF BLHG Hot m = BF mm , d= 20 = G2.d mm Design must vse Parger value For ol d= 62.9 mm =( oo cm PROBLEM 3.48 3.48 The electric motor exerts a torque of 800 Nim on the steel shaft ABCD when itis rotating at constant speed. Design specifications require that the diameter of the shaft be uniform ftom A to D and thatthe angle of twist between 4 and D not exceed 1.5°. Knowing that £4, s 60 MPa and G= 77 GPa, determine the minimum diameter shaft that may be used. SOLUTION Tongues Tyg = 300 +500 = 200 Nem Tec = $00 Nem, =O eel Design based om stress = 6ox/0* Pa vets . a cts BF Gxseo). = 8.4383 X10"% wed © = 20.40x10% m = 20,40 mm, d=20 = 40.8 mm Design based on dePormetion Qny = 1S? = 26.1810 mad Poe =O ge Taghes = Saye) ge du = Tab « eoenion) me Gn = Get Pen + Pan = BO = BO = Nerd poeta X20) = 195.80 x10" m* TCGe ~ Tae Vaeexos) * C= RO4Ko* m = 20mm, — d= BET YR I mm Design must use Paryer value oP d= AL mm =3.49 The solid cylindrical rod BC is attached to the rigid lever AB and to tbe fixed ee ‘support at C. The vertical force P applied at A causes a small displacement A at point 1 Show tht the eonespondingnzumum searing ses in the rod val Ot 5 : 7 ‘where dis the diameter ofthe rod and G its modulus of rigidity. SOLUTION A % 7 ] Lever AB turns throogh eyo angle @ to position A'B as shown in the auvidiacy Figue: a 7 Vertical olispfacement ig A= a sing? a i] from whieh @ =oresin & The mogtimym shearing stress in rod BC is f Ci i A [ Zn? CT = GL= GIL = FF acsind For smefP A, anamnh ow & s i4 3.80 and 3.51 The solid cylindrical od BC of length L=24 in is atached to the i ieee one: ‘gid lever 4B of length a = 15 in, and to the support at C, When a 100-Ib force Pis | applied at 4, design specifications require thatthe displacement of A not exceed 1 in ‘when @ 100sIo force P is applied at A. For the material indicated determine the required diameter of the rod 380 Steck: ry 15 ksi, G= 11.2 * 10° psi SOLUTION At the aMowahle tuist angle sing= A= b= 0.06667 Q= 3.8296" = 0.006716 var T= Pa cos p = (/00 (1S) cos 38226" = 1496.7 Shin J Based on tect = Te = BTL. ote ATE 4 aay ia : : = Tei NO-RETIE) = 32-608xI5" in ce O48 in, | : Based on stress 7 > Tes al x ct BE (r= 18000 psi) : cf = 2haer) (age 63.522 #107 in? C+ 0.341im, ! C Use tanger valve for dlesign C= 0.899 in d=2e= 0.837 in, —e | st PROBLEM 3.51 3.50 and 3.81 The solid cylindrical rod BC of length L = 24 in, is attached to the ¢ ‘ rigid ever 42 of length a= 15 in. and to the support at C. When a 100-Tb force P is : applied at 4. design specifications require thatthe displacement of 4 not exceed 1 in. ‘when a 100-Ib force P is applied at 4. For the material indicated determine the required diameter ofthe rod, B51 Aluminum: 54-10 ksi, G= 3.9 * 10° psi. SOLUTION J Q = 3.8226" = 0.066116 pad. n T= Pa ead = (l00 (iS eos 3.8226" = 1496.7 dein Based on twist ge Tes ATE x ots OTE 4. (21F96.7) (a4) _ aE = . c eo = 87.888KI0 in? er OSIM in Based on stress t= U6 2 20 2 8ST Cxes0000 pei | cts uate) = 98.283 10 in? C= 0.957 in ; Use Larger value for design C= O.SH4 in deter 1.08% in et ( ary rT | | At the oMowable twist angle sings As ibs 0.0067 | | |rT puABEN das 7352 Aim orue T nappa end 4 ofthe composes shown. Koowing ta the dhs of rig 177 GPa forthe sel and 27 GPa forthe alumina, C termine () he nara searing Sess te ste core (2) the axa shearing a: ‘stress inthe aluminum jacket, (c) the angle of twist at 4 SOLUTION rn Steef core: c,=$d, = 0.027 m Som Si = Fey = F(0.027)* = 834.7710" steele as 0 o Gl, = (97410"Y(634.29 010") = 64, 28.210 Biya? RS ae 7 Torque carried by steef cove TT =GNQO4L nT J Aduminom jocket: C= $d, = 0.027m, Cys Fda > 0.086 m l Tas (Gt 6") = $(.036"- 0,027") = 1.90355 «10°F mt U GJ, «(27107 C1, 80855 110%) = 48.70 x105 N-m* 0 Torque carried by aleminum jadet T= GT P/L A Total toe T= The Th = (GS + Gh G/L IL p= an _ 4x1 2 3 EO GHG, * Czaads dager = 95 106 OT oA /m : ; ( (2) Maximum shearing stress in ste? cove 0 L2G = GO" = (77107 N(0.027\(35.406 x10") In = 73.6x10% Pa 73.6 MPa ee (b) Maximum shearing stress in aluminum jacket Li t= G&Y= G a? = (27¥10°Y(0,086 \(35.406 x10" *) n = 34.4 xlo* Pe 34.4 MPa cH (c) Angfe of tuiet 0 @ = LS =(asastoenio®) = 28.5410 ved In = 5.07" 0 = 1 cTeaal (] U 0 U ca 3.83 The composite shaft shown isto be twisted by applying a torque T at end A. PROBLEM 3.83 Knowing thatthe modulus of rigity is 77 GPa forthe stee! and 27 GPa for the aluminum, determine the largest angle through which end may be rotated if the following allowable stresses are not to be exceeded fy = 60 MPA 8d Sanam 45 MPa. SOLUTION Tron = Vang = © Cron Z nm Oe cy stealcore u G Coe Alumina joke eo SteeP core? — Tat = 6010" Pa, Comer td = 0.087? m, G = 77X10" Pa = 60«10* = an Lo (77 106.027) ved /m 28.860 ¥/0" Alominum jacket? Tat 45x10" Pa, Cayo = 0.086 m, G= 27K10" Pa 4s x10 © i “8 Qe Rae 7 MEO mad/m Smaller valoe governs be = 2B.8LOxI0* vad /m Mfosble ante Push gay = LO > (25 \lan.ssouss*) = TRISH O vad = 413° =co ae = 1 c 7 ‘3.54 The composite shaf shown consists of a 0.2-in-thick brass jacket (G = 5.6 * PROBLEM 3.54 10° psi) bonded to a 1,2-in.diameter steel core (G = 11.2 * 10 psi). Knowing that the shaft is subjected to S-kipin. torques, determine (a) the maximum shearing stress ‘in the bras jacket, (b) the maximum shearing stress inthe steel core, (¢) the angle of twist of end B relative to end 4. se SOLUTION Bras cet Steel cove: 2 Fad 5 O.6in = ete Bloc)! = 0.208575 in” O2in, GS, = (2 1080, 20857) = 2.2800 KIO" Fb. in* Torque carvied by steedeors ToGo & Brass jacket! C= C,+b = 06+0.2+ 0.8 in Ge lc," 6") = (0.8"- 0.6") = 0.439823 in ef Ty = (6.6 10*)(0.439823) = 2.4680 x/0% fo-in Torque carried by brass jacket heGat Total porque T=T,+ Ta = (GQ +GL)E Diaeaiead 5x03 ee eae a ha sa LGR tGd = Zaaoowote avedowioy = S42 ICT red Zin (0) Meximom —s in brass jacket Lng = = Ge, 2 = (5:6810* )(0.8X1.0542 ¥10"* ) = 4.72 x10" psi N72 si — ) Mavimum a stress in steel core Tour = G Yom = G0, 2 = CU.2 210* (0.6K1.0542%10") = 7.08 x10" psi 7.08 ksi =e (e) Angle of twist (L= GH = 72 ind GLE = (r2V1os4anlo™*) = 75.9%107* rad = 4.357 =1 J [aaa fae tonal 1 fromm ecm fo) (ez: 13.55 The composite shaft shown is to be twisted by applying the torques shown. PROBLEM 3.85 ‘Knowing thatthe modulus of rigidity is 11.2 « 10% psi for te steel and 5.6 « 10° psi @\ for the brass, determine the largest angle of twist of end B relative to end ifthe fe sa following allowable stresses are not to be exceeded Figg 15 ksi and fgg = 8 ksi. SOLUTION Lan 2 CV nag = OC e Du, Tat For each material Clans Steef core? Ty = 15 ksi = 15000 psi, Come 24M = O06 in Quy a 1s000, = 18000 282) x10* ed Si LE” Gaxlo* ae) ae * Brass yacketi — Lys Bhai = 8000 psi, Coup? 0640.2 = O8 in Gut _ __8.000 . Pye L * (eHo 08) 1.7887 x10 ted in Smaller value qoverns oe = 1,7867x10"* rad Sin Ailowebte angbe of twist L= 6 = in Gar = LBs (72X1.7957 «10 ) = 128.5710 ad = 7.37° —_a 1 mm aie mo om (ene (eaae) ~ Samaria cae 3.56 Two soli tel shafts are fited with langes which are then connected by ited bolts so that there sno rebtve rotation between the anges. Knowing that G » 77 GPs, determine the maximum shearing stress in each shaft when a 500 Nm torque is SOLUTION pana Shaft AB T= Taw, b= Om, C2td= 0.01 m Tg = Fe"= E(o.o1s)" = 72.52 «1077 m" 9, = Tale = Side = 7x1 V94.524165" Tie = Sipe Go = rao YS 6, = 10.2051" Ps Shaft CD Tt Teo, be 0.9m, cotds 001m, J: Fe'= F(0.018)" Teo = 164.896 x10°7 m? To= Sete 9, = (rreteh e9 axe nt” Pere rin Matching wtebion at the Flanges a Tata? torque on Flanges T= TigtTig = 500 Nem S00 = (0.205 Klo® 4 14.1087) P > P= 20.565 x10" rack The = (lo. 208x108 (20.565 «Jo ) = 209.87 Nem Teo = (14. 108 «1a? (20.565 x 10% ) = 290.13 Nem Heximom shearing stras in AB Tat Tas + GASTNOOS) - sasqu10 Pa 92.6 He Marcimum Shearing stress in CD te Es = Gee.e eos) = 31.67 x10° Pe 317 MPa =<co omen ae ems ey mes ego 3.57 and 3.88 Two solid steel shafts are fitted with flanges which are then connected by boks as shown. The bolts are slightly undersized and permit a 1.5*rotation of one flange with respect to the other before the flanges begin to rotate as a single unit, Knowing that G= 77 GPa, determine the maximum shearing stress in each shaft when aL 11500 Nem torque T is applied to the fange indicated. Shaft AB 13.87 The torque T is applied to flange B. TiThe, Lt 0.6m, c=$d7O.0Iom The® Fel = E(o.o1s}t = 74.52 21077 m* Op = Tools f Gra Toa #107 )(77.52*10") 4 "O06 te 00 ie PROBLEM 3.57 Ton Sano &: = 10.205%10° Py SheFt CD T= To, big = O9m, C=td=O.018m, Les Fete $O.018)” Teo = 164.8496 x10"? m* fe = SeSee gy = TIO MICUBENE oy = WIOB HI @ CDearancr rotution for Penge B Pat 1S? = 26.18 x10 pad Torque te remove clearance? Tye = (\.20SKIo"* (26.1810) = 267.17 Nem Torque TM to cavse addiond rotation 9 tT! = 500 - 267./7 232.83 Nem T"= The + Ten 232.83 = (J0.205x10% + 14.103x10°) P's "= 7.5765 x10 ‘rad Tre” = (10.205 «10° 4.8265 10) = 97,73 Nem Teo" + (14. 108 *JO" (1.87 Sx IO") = 1BS.10 Nem Meximum shearing stress in AB Tra 2 TS (20.17 + 97.73 YO.01s) cg gxio’ Pa 68.8MPa =e vlee 74.52710% Mayirwn shearing stress in CO ~ Tat _ U3s10)(0.018) _ é ee $0 aioe = M75 vio” Pa VIS MPa =emi ad. ‘357 and 3.58 Two solid tec shafts are fied wit Danges which are then canmested PROBLEM 3.58 by bolts.as shown. The bolts are slightly undersized and permit a .5°rotation of one flange with respect to the othe before te flanges begin fo flat as single nk a owing tht G= 17 GPa deerme the maxim shearg sess nench sha when £500 Nmtorque Ti apd tote fangs inte 288 The onc Tis ppd vo flange C. Shaft AB T Tha, Lagt Ob6m, cata = 0.01Sm Sha = Bets E001) = 79.59%1077 gus Tels aT 7 “is? Saale Qe (romio’ )er1s3 15") em he = = 10.205%10* Gy Shaft CD T= Teo, bet 09m, C=¥d 0.08, Sey = Ec*= F(o,018)* Sep 7 164. 896 x07 mm Le Sede g, = Minto Wich gas ric ) = Ve l03 100 @ Clearance rotation for Flange C g's 1S? = 26.18 2107 red Torque ts remove cMearance > Teg = (I4.108*/08)(26.18 15") = 269.85 Nem Torgve T* to cause additiouel ratetion P*: T= 500-369.86 = 130.65 Nem Ts Te + Tes 130.65 = (10.205 70 + 14to8xio® )Q" Q" = 5.3737 #10* rad Tre’ = (10.205 10% )(5.3737% 107) = 54.84 Nem Ted’ = C4108 «10° 5.37378 lo) = 75.81 Nem Maximum shearing stress in AB s Tak _ (5484¥o.os) | _ tq = “= Seasie.cis) = 10.34 «10° Pa 10.34 MPa =e Marimon shearing stress in CD So > Tae. (aera 178.81) (0-08) - 49.6 x10 fa = 8.6 MPo—e : Baeaaa) sal eau se fc. c fs 3.89 At atime when rotation is prevented at the lower end of each shat, a 50-Nem torque is applied to end 4 of shaft 4B. Knowing that G= 77 GPa for both shafts, ‘determine (a) the maximum shearing stress in shaft CD, (b) the angle of rotation at A PROBLEM 3.9 SOLUTION Let Tas torque apbied at A = SO Nem Tha = teeque in shedt AB Tew = torqve in shet} CD Statics a : Tan The - FR =0 Tear Fr = 0 7 Tes? EGy ~ Te) = $ Ta Tead Gear A Gear 6 Kinematics = Tha = Nee Pat HHH Angles of twist = dat ®e = BE = pilaf ie = $$ azTialt (d+ fe) = ($402) te = dh Tag = 0.5204 Ty = (0.520450) = 26.02 Nem Teo = $ 450-2602) = 15.99 Nem (2) Maximum shearing stress in shat CD Uy = Rs = 2e - Qlis.20 = ATO Pa #47 Pe, met (0) Ange oP rotation at A y= Tak , Blab, V26.00N 0.220) 13.545 w10°F yaad Ghee Eda — WU7*10*YO.007S)* = 0.779% =13.59 ALa time when rotation is prevented atthe lower end of each shaft, 50-Nm PROBLEM 3.60 torque is applied to end 4 of shaft AB. Knowing that G = 77 GPa for both shafts, ‘determine (a) the maximum shearing stess in shaft CD, (b) the angle of rotation at. ‘3.60 Solve Prob. 3.59, assuming thatthe 50-N-m torque is applied to end C of sha oD. SOLUTION Let Te = torque cipplied at C= SO Nem Top = torque in shePt CD Tig = torque ia ShaP+ AB Statics. E Tw - TAF =O (¢ . Te-Teo - (FF © at Tra? (Te Tea) = $(Te-Tes) Geack © Gear Kinematics = ur ee RRM AEH Angles Ptuist — & = Be gy? Tak = 3th L GTan Cle - 3.2 E-Te "22 “6Sae +)% -(Us 4) Te = 2 = 0.4796 Te = (0.4796 (S50) = 23.98 Nom Tag = FSO - 23.98) = 39.03 Nem @) Maximum shearing stress in shebt CD Cn te) Angde H = = Toot, 2 Te, (2X03.98) - SPs Tess le. Oe 7 70-700 Pa 270.7 MPa - $e = aE : is TG “zh: Te x 1.3329x10"*) (S00) = 423.1 Mem 3829 x10* + 257.33 x10" Mawimom shears stress in jacket «> He: at Yovoo) = I2MOSPa 12.24 MPy me [462 'The mass moment of nein ofa gat so be determined experinerally by PROBLEM 3.42 using a torsional pendulum consisting of a 6-ft steel wire. Knowing that G= 11.2 * 10° psi, determine the diameter of the wire for which the torsional spring constant will ve 427 iad SOLUTION Torsion spring emstant K= 4.27 Mb-Fi/radd = 51.24 Absin /nad Sy, GI . 3mGe" eb oe é F Mere pan eved cra enna: 4, ZEK _ (a) 51.24) shy Ce Te = WUhaxiety = oat toa CF 0.1208 in, d= 2c = 0.24! in =363 A solid shaft and a hollow shaft are made of the same material and are of the same weight and length. Denoting by the ratio c/e,, show that the ratio T/T, of the torque 7, in the solid shaft to the torque 7, in the hollow shaf'is (a) fL= nF (1+ n?) ifthe maximum shearing stressis the same in each sha, (6X = ‘®)(1+ 1) ifthe angle of twist isthe same foreach shaft % PROBLEM 3.63, oc ey SOLUTION For equal werght and Jength, the avens ave equal wes = Wles-o%) = Tat(i-n*) + = Gfi-n* d= Bc = Bel (i-nt)* eRe te)s Eat-n") (@) For equa stresses = ee . Tice toa TR. ke . Fatwa AT Tho BGK nafi=ne * Ge I feet et (0) Foragond angles of trict : L eae de - fe Fol (0 * Oe nr) os ~ Ty * Be, *Cent) =n ro PROBLEM 3.64 3.64 A torque T is applied as shown to a solid tapered shaft AB. Show by integration tha the angle of twist at is oe SOLUTION 12aGe* Introduce courdinete yo shown. ne & Twist in * Denath oy -t¥ ,TH.2 Ld Ly ap SS 1 GEe 0 rec! Dal oT 2Tu o: CR = He CH os 20 ares f ae ate 208 §- a fe ares f ~ Rae + ar 2 oe ITL =< * Weer ae weet3.65. An annular plate of thickness ‘and modulus of rigidity G is used to connect PROBLEM 3.65 shaft AB of radius r, 0 tube CD of inner radius r,.. Knowing that a torque T is applied toend 4 of shaft AB and that end D of tube CD is fixed, (a) determine the magnitude and location of the maximum shearing stress inthe annular plate, (b) show that the SOLUTION angle through which end 2 ofthe shaft rotates with respect to end C of the tube is Use 0: free badly consisting tee (2-4) of shaft AB auld an tment AaGt ye re a portion of the plate BC, the Boker radios of Pais portion being Pp yest The force per unt = ¥ i ‘i x Pength oF cineumberence + @ ; Y wae ‘ i ‘ pete Reese a ttlampye -T=0 ee v= Fete (2) Moximun, sheaving stress ccours at ph Tine = wo Yn Shearing strain Ts Es chee The rebtive circunfererticl displacement Ti in vadiad Pength dp is as: Ydp = p dp ty a age re : ay 40+ meas # = eet Hae (earteesedmo neater ae cee fs Suc 21GE pe” wast S & . aety atl, * atm See eee Cad i BnGE CRG” an GE Lh” tolc ae O ce 3.66 An annular aluminum plate (G~= 27 GPa), of thickness = 6 mm, is used to PROBLEM 3.66 ‘connect the aluminum shaft AB, of length L, = 90 mm and radius r, = 30 ram, to the ‘aluminum tube CD, of length L, = 150 mum, inner radius ry 75 mm and 4 mm thickness. Knowing that 2500-N-m torque T is applied to end 4 of shaft AB and that ‘end D of tube CD is fixed, determine (a) the maximum shearing stress in the shaft- plate-tube system, (b) the angle through which end 4 rotates. (Hin; Use the formula SOLUTION ‘derive in Prob, 3.65 to solve part 6.) Shabt AS a 1O = ss =-@Miasea, = 58.4 x10" Pa a 58.9 MPa Plate BC (See PROBLEM 3.65 for den'vesion) * Z =—T_: OO. = e T* grENt* Fr(eooeyoncsoye = 77H Ae 73.7 MPa. ShPt CD 6, = NE O.07ITm, CLF B+ = 0.015+0.004 = 0.07] m T= Beet. 6") = £(0,079%~ 0,075") = 482 x10"* m* cr Tes (asoeo79) 17. 200° fo, = 1220 MPa (a) Largest stress. C= 73.7 MP = ele ieee Ticagiee )(aS00)(0,040) eee Ga" Gy = Teer * atimeryo- 803" = G.S50K]07§ rad Plate BC (See PROBLEM 3.65 fon derivation) ee eiereg ee) 4500 1 Pee Wee lit eye GTA VAOOT LODE aos] = IHG X10" vod > The , 500) (0.150) i cided eo * EE > Tater Eaoey = ROME Tobe rotation angle P= Pra + Pac + Peo = 8:9 x10" vad = 0.S10° =<3.67 Using an allowable stress of 5S MPa, design a solid ste! shaft to transmit 10 PROBLEM 3.67 LW ma honey ors Re SOLUTION Vat = SS XI" Fe. P= lonotw, F=1S He Pe _loxtot : T cr oS 106.10 N-m aaa ez Ts. 20 - 2227 . Qe . 1.2281 10S m? C= 10.7 xIoS m = 10.7) mm A= 2co= Y4 mm _ PROBLEM 3.68 $368 Using an allowable ses of Ski, dsign soli stel sha to transit! hp at a speed of 1725 mm. SOLUTION Tue? 5 ksi = 5000 psi Pekhp = (6600) = 3300 db-in/s f= BS s aac, T= Be BOee 5 18,268 Losin Ste ote ce er ayy os ys te Te. 3h cts BE. Buea) «2.2260 m0 Cz 0.1825 in d= 2e = 0.265 in - ” PROBLEM 3.69 3.69 Design a sol ea 7 pe bhp ata speed of 1200 rpm, ifthe SOLUTION Tan = 1500 psi P= 100 bp = GEOxIO fh-in /s on ae os pe eR . KOxtoe = 5282) x10" Mein o ENF * 2 (acy qs < ae 2 AT L (2S.asal «to? 3 te : ay as Te @egasuivior) = 0.4458 in Cz 0.763%in d= 2c = 1.528 in, ~— 3.10 Design sold see! shaft transmit 0.375 KW ata fequency of 29 Ha ifthe PROBLEM 3.70 shearing stress in the shaft is not to exceed 35 MPa. brea ds SOLUTION Tay = BS ¥10% eee Pe i BIS WF = 29 He T= gee = -2325ue = 2.0880 Nem — (212.0580) cote 2h. t= Hee QRS C= BB4SeIO mM = 3,345 mm d= 2c = 6.69 mm = 37.48 %(0" m*PROBLEM 3.71 3.71 A hollow shaft isto transmit 250 kW at a frequency of 30 Hz. Knowing that " the shearing tress must not exceed 50 MPa, design a shaft for which the ratio ofthe inner diameter to the outer diameter is 0.75, SOLUTION Tg = SOx Pa =P =250v IW Fs SO HR . Ts == aS: 1326.3 Nem Te qt-q= EU-@" ye? = 1.0788 ¢,* 7m . Tu . 2+ % Tt * Tens Ge tf Ce ose CS = 14.70 Ko mn Cy = RNR XLO m = 29IZ mm a, = 2c, = SBR mm = 3.72 Oneof two hollow drive stats ofan ocean liners 125 f long, and its outer and inner diameters are 16in. and 8 in. respectively. The shaft is made ofa tel fr which ‘54= 8500 psi and G~ 1.2 «10° psi. Knowing thatthe maximum speed of rotation SOLUTION ofthe shaf 165 rpm, determine (2) the maximum power tha ean be transmitted by the one sha to its proper, (8) Ue corresponding angle of twist ofthe sha. C2 4d.° Bin zkahe tin T= Blcat-6")= E(a-4*)= cozica in’ ve ie ra x (oosi-aXeseo) 22) = 6.4053 «10% fhein Pe WS = RIS He a) P= 2wET = 20(2.78 (6.408810) © 110.7410" fb-in /s 10.74 dS Novinls 3 Geo WI ip = 1678 40 hp. = Ls as fH = Soom by p= Th _ G.4osaxio® W1see) 29 423 pad chug CILQ #105 (GO3I-B ) PROBLEM 3.72 = BIS? =3.73 While a steel shaft of the cross section shown rotates at 120 rpm, a fone stroboscopic measurement indicates that the angle of twist is 2° ina 4-m length. Using G=71 GPa, determine the power being transmitted. SOLUTION Joh Twist angle @= 2° = 34.907 «10 vad st, = 0.0ISm, Cpr td, = 0.0875 m JEG) = F(0.0875 *- 0.015") T= 3.0268 «10% m* Le ttm . Te © GID _ (WWdWo*Y3.0268 610°! (34.907 #15*) or. +: Se. = T= 2.0339uI0 Nem = Fe 120 rpm > 2H. > 2H2 P=(QTEYT = 27QXK2.03389 v0) = 25.6 «Jobs 2S6KW =e PROBLEM 3.14 3.74 Determine the rue thickness of the SOs tubule sa of Example 3.07, itis to tansmit the same power while rotating ata equency of 40H. SOLUTION From Example 3.07 P= loo kW = looxlW Tn = GOMPa = 60 x/0% Pa = 0.025 m Given $= 40 He eee . Tv * oaF 397.89 Nem : aos eoreg a eer « ofect- 2 T= Elect -¢,") ve Te vg hey + y= oy - Sige toot. ata. 4 AMB497.89NC0-038) _ eat Gl = ¢," - SF = 0.025 Tees = 285.081 x15" m C, = 23.11 x107F m LEC, G = hea xioem = 18a mm me0 ea (ea tT 1 PROBLEM 3.75 @ » P= Go hp = (606600) = 3976 x0" Me in/s 3.75 ‘The design of a machine element calls for a 1.5-inouter-diameter shaft to transmit 60 hp. (a) Ifthe speed of rotation is 720 rpm, determine the maximum shearing stress in shaft a. (b) If the speed of rotation can be inereased 50% to 1080 ‘pm, determine the largest inner diameter of shit b for which the maximum sheasing stress will be the same in each shaft SOLUTION [& aT oe aT = C, = 22.43 vio Required thickness fs BS = Que CG ttd = 0.75 in epee csexior = wio® Qh. in T= anF ar tay S282) w10* Lb. i = De, 2T , QSaswno) 2 7425, see e) aera nesta ancoasns Ae eate 7.93 ksi = Gy) f= Bee iene Caz ta, = 0.75 in a = TG 2 2Te Seige ean) *. of. 21a. 4. 2MG.So14 x10" 0.95). in” Gece Te 7 078 SCrasebsrety 7 010547 in 0. 5697 in Ay= 2¢,7 114O in = [3.76 A sea! pipe of 60-mmm ower diameter isto be used to transmit a torque of 350 PROBLEM 3.76 N-m without exceeding an allowable shearing stress of 12 MPa. A series of 60-mm- outer diameter pipes is avaiable for use. Knowing thatthe wall thickness ofthe t available pipes varies from 4 mm to 10 mm in 2-mm increments, choose the lightest Pipe that canbe used SOLUTION coum Tat = 60 x10% Pa. C= kd, = 0.086 m -m,.3 vee: fhm (60 ¥10*) b= C,-G, = Zomm- 22.43 mm = 7.57 mm = 252.96 107 mt t>7.5%mm. Avoidable size b= Bmm =asin [577 A stel drive shafts 6 flog and its outer and incr dsmeters are respectively ‘equal to 2.25 in. and 1.75 in. (a) Knowing thatthe shaft transmits 240 hp wile rotating at 1800 rpm, determine the maximum shearing stress, (b) Using G= 11.2» 10° psi, determine the eo i SOLUTION si, determine the corresponding angle of twist ofthe shat. C= td, % 0.89 n, CgegabythlASin, — L= St = 72 in P= Aho he = (246600) = 1. Sa4wlo% fhe in/s Fe J322 2 go He Oo LSB xjOo 3 fb i Tee OS = 84034 x10 tb iv T= EGf- 6") = BG.1ast- 0.896") = 1559530 int @ ce Eee , C4ostat Citas) = SIRE pw a J 1. $9539 = TE _ (8.403410 X72) a seahan . fo) P> GF “Thamor\isresey 7 33:86%/0% rad = LaHo* we 3.78 Knowing that the allowable shearing stress ofthe steel to he used is 7500 cemred determine (th salt perme meter ofa ssh which mst nat Hp while rotating at 2000 rm (8) th corresponding ange of twist ina 4 length of the ones shaft (G= 11.2 « 10% psi Ta = 7500p, f= 2082 = 33,348 He Pe Ishp = S)c600) » 99«10% fb-in/s T= ape ptitsay = 172.64 Db in SS eeeic ae reread eed ar. 261) 40,123 ¥10% int Qe oo Fe 7 lisee) = 40.123 ¥/0 C= 0.3425 in d= Ze = 0.685 in. = te) T= Bet = Fe.3¢as)* = a.siexto® int Le 4h = 4 TE __ 72.69 Cua) = = 89x10" ? GT C2 toa. S16 KI See = 5,338" = (Code oe =4.79 Throe shafts and four gears ae used to form 2 gear train which wil transmit 7.5 PROBLEM 3.79 KW fromthe motorat 4 to a machine tool at F: (Bearing forthe shafts are omitted in the sketch.) Knowing thatthe frequency ofthe motor is 30 Hz and that the allowable stress for each shal is 60 MPa, determine the required diameter of each shat. SOLUTION PEDSkW = 725xIo Ww Tat? GOMPa = 60rlo* Pa ShaPt AB: Fae 30 He 510? Tea? Zfig” GnGos 7 3%-784 Nem : che (20 39.789) a TCO WIOF ) Cag = 7.5015" 9 = 7-50 mmm, = 422,17 «107 mt daa = 2lng = 1S.00mm = fot Bin = B (a0) = tans ee eee ee lON de I Teo ¥ anf tires * 99.472 Nem te Tee BE 2 ede BE RMD» gssyg wot at Tn” GS Te w(Goxo*) Ge IIB KIO m= 10.18 mm deg = lum = 20.4 mus <= Shat EF? = % So a tae = it fo F fey (2) F Ne Me 2 TS vio | Ee Te “Ge Gee ws Mem = Ter . BT CRs QUase 68) 2 geese vit mt Cee Tee OP Fomor) Cre = 1B.82«10F = 13.82 mm Dep = Rup? 27-6 mm —_4.80 Three shafls and four gears are used to form a gear train which wil transmit PROBLEM 3.90 [power fiom the motor at 4 to a machine tool at F. (Bearing forthe shafts are omitted ( inthe sketch) The diameter of each shaft is as follows: dg = 16 mm, dep = 20 ma, ‘dge=28mm. Knowing that the frequency ofthe motor is 24 He and that the allowable shearing stress for each shaft is 75 MPa, determine the maximum power that can be transmitted. soLuti0n Ta = TS MPa = 75 10° Fo Shaft AB: Gye kdie = 0.008m mem iets Tut Fed te = F@.008)*(7Sx10%) = 60.319 Nem Rau 2th Ty = 2m (24)(60.319) = 4.toKlooW Shalt CD! Cea = bakeg = 0.010 m ve Tee. Be Tye Ear, = B(o.010Y( 75% 10*) = 17. 81 Nm te feo Ce Feo PE fre = EC) = 26 He Ry = 2mh. Te = 2046 NABI) = 71 KOR W SheP+ EF! Cy = yer = 0.014 m Ten = EB Ge Tu = E(o.014¥ (iS ¥I0%) = 323.27 Nem fo = 62 = Fer = Ge Fe GEG) © 8.84 He Py = Qu fer Ty = 2m (384)(323.27) = 7, 80xloo Ww Maximum oMovabte povtr is the smaMor Par = Zt W = RW =mo 7 geese comet ata 1 a PROBLEM 3.81 re tt Statics! 2) Atfowahte torques Assume Tz = 786.9 Ain, Pe ankT (e) Ablowahfe torques Assume T, = 485.4 db-in Pe aaFT ‘3.81 The shaf-disk-bet arrangement shown is used (o transmit 3 hp from point A ‘to point D. (a) Using an allowable shearing stress of 9500 psi, determine the required speed of shaft AB. (b) Solve part a, assuming that the diameters of shafts AB and CD ‘are respectively 01.75 in, and 0.625 in. SOLUTION Y= 9500 psi, P= Shp = BXe6o0)= 19800 Minds eZ 2Ee3 vee Tee Movable torques Zin. dianeter shaPt erg in, Tues EGE) (As00) = 455.4 dein gin diameter shaft crdin, Tas EZ) (4500) = 786.9 Ain CF -F) Wee te OF, - Fe) Tae eT = EE = 0.ask Tue = SS. 4 Abin, Teast = 786.9 Mein Then Ty = (0.25)C786.9) = 196.73 Jb.in < 455.4 Lb in Ckay) im 192 ~ 16.02 Ha iol Se ame” Emlie78) = Tear 786.9 Losin, Thea Ty = (o.as\(456.4) = 113.85 Jb in Tejatt = 455.4 bb, < 786-49 tb in gees liege uct ees fee aie > Faigaey 7 277 He =PROBLEM 342 3.82_A steel shaft must transmit 150 kW at a speed of 360 rpm. Knowing that G =77 GPa, design a solid shaft so thatthe maximum stress will not exceed 50 MPa and ‘the angle of twist in a 2.5-m length will not exceed 3°. souuTion P = IS0x10* W tf: 4 ecu to Tey > RUS + sa7e¢ eich Nem a for stress Bimit t= So MPa = Soxio* Pa 7 de = oem = Q)(3. 9789 #108) 5 -25 2 chs a 1 (So 10") = 50.661 x15 ° C= 37.00 Klo* m Design for angde of twist fin} gt 8* = S236410" vod C= 85.40% 107m Use Durger value C= 3200415" m= B720mm 5 A= 2C+ 74.0 mn ah PROBLEM 3.63 3.83 A steel shaft of 1.5-m length and 48-mm diameter isto be used to transmit 36 ‘kW between a motor and @ machine tool. Knowing that G = 77 GPa, determine the lowest speed of rotation ofthe shaft at which the maximum stress will not exceed 60 SOLUTION MPa and the angle of twist will not exceed 2.5°. P= 36x? w, crt O.024m, LelSm, 6277" P Torque based on manimum stress T= GOMPA = 6Ox/0% Pa ee Te =e Fetes Feo Font’) = 1.20288 nt vom Torque bused on ios te p= 25° = 48.033 (0S rad g+ie Ih: T= ustee, Tlo.02t)*(17 «10 ¥43.633 1S *) CGS) = 1.16730 x10 Mem Smaller torque governs T = 1.16730 x10" Nem 2 . 36 10% . + ankT = Paste Ui leiserosy = Mee Peeled eee aie ee 4, ZL , (2)03.9789 xto* W258), erly. EF Te ee eT eraerenacnasy © M5775 5m i3.84 A 1.5-in-diameter steel shaft of length 4 ft will be used to transmit 60 hp between motor and a pump. Knowing that G= 11.2 « 10° psi, determine the lowest speed of rotation at which the shearing stess will not exceed 8500 psi and the angle SOLUTION of twist will not exceed 2°, PROBLEM 3.84 c=kd = 0.75 in» Le 4h = 48 in Torque based on maximum Shearing stress Aimit T= 8500 psi re + 2 BE 2 T= Fete + Flo. 15 (8500) = 6.088 410% Hsin Torque based on twist oe Fim Ps 2° = 34.407 «10 rad ee = Tg “oP 10.75 9A. 2x10) 34.909"107 Prop AT? @@a = 4.048 x lo™ db-in Smaller torque governs T = 4,048 x10" Mh. in Pe ant where Ps 60 hp = (Go)(6600) = 396» 10% Mein /s Pores 316 x 10* aT = GaUrsaperey = S87 He = 984 vem ~ 3.85 A.1.6-nvlong tubular shat of 42-mm outer diameter dj having the cross section PROBLEM 3.85 shown sto be made of steel for which ry = 75 MPa and O~ 77 GPa, Kaowing that the angle of twist of the shal mist not excead 4” when the satis subjected to [ torave of 900 Nm, determine the largest inner diameter which can be specified in —p the design, y+ Mao dy SOLUTION = ¥d,= 0.0248 m LELem Based on strets tint 2 = 75 MPa = 75108 Pa alg ~asest - Te ~ (foo0)(0.o2!) . rt te cae = J= “ye terest = 252%107 m* Based on angle of twist fimit Pe He = 64.818 15" rast ee te oo 1.6) i ~9 at tet oe Caner yceraigeras) ~ 267-88 410m Larger value for J governs Ss 267.88 410" mt “y i J=E@l-c,") e 2 61-4 « o,e2i"- eylacr.s8xio") 23.943 x10 m* Cy = PRAM US m= RAH men dp 20, 7 24.9 mm =3.86 A.1.6-m-long tubular steel shaft (G=77 GPa) of 42-mm outer diameter d, and PROBLEM 3.86 '30-mm inner diameter dis to transmit 120 kW between a turbine and a generator. ‘Knowing thet the allowable shearing stressis 65 MPa and that the angle of twist mast ‘not exceed 3°, determine the minimum frequency at which the sha may rotate. y= AZ mm ee = Fa = O.0%m, CL = kd, 20.015 m T= Elet-c,)= Flo. 021" 0.01") = 225.4710"? mt ie Based on stress Pint E> 6S MPa = 65x10 Pa u GASAPMT MES x10) _ nl ae ace ae lau Uy Based on angle of twist Pimit p= 3° = 52.36 410 md =i. = SIP _ (9741071 225.47 #10") (52.36 2107) L Par Pa at CPN BET ANSE) = $67.40 Nem 1 shee ~ Jt fe ro Smaller torque governs T = S56%40 Nem Pe Ro kW = [20% /08 Ww : pe P_ _apowto® | i PeakT = $= arr = Gr eraoy * 38.54 Me ca = 201% rem = 2(Corel ea peOnLEM at 3.87 The stepped shaft shown rotates at 450 rpm. Knowing that = 10 mm, eerie he meripenpove ha cntetameeaeiin ee och Sabeuerenoae Le rooney eSiy"— souvrion F=100 mm, D=IZO me = lO mm = Be. Lolo. , . Be Be ee, $2 eon, From Fig. 3-32 Ke 1,38 For smabler shoPt c= tel = 0.050 m ce Ke - 2KT ae a T= Zt. Teese ogee Gewio") = 6.643 410% Nem P= 450 rpm = 72.5 Hz Power Pe anfT = 2n(7.sXe.cr3xo") = ZigvjohW = ZB kW et 3.88 The stepped shaft shown rotates at 450 rpm. Knowing that r= 4 mm, ee determine the maximum power that canbe transmitted without exceeding an allowable ¢ —_—_itrng tess of 45 MPa eal 20 nn i SOLUTION Az 100mm, D= 120mm = Hmm L 4 7 Bg. Boz 42, Fe gh-0.0t From Fig. 3.32 Ke 15S For smaller shat c= $d = 0.050 m us Se 2 aKe > oe Te WE _ _wlo.osoY(4sxioe) _ S.70 ¥lo® Nem aK QVC.5S 5 f= 450 cpm = 7.8 Hz Powes P= 2nfT = an(zsXS.70 wo) © 268 xl W = 2B KW oePROBLEM 3.29 3.89 Knowing tha the stepped shaft shown must transmit 60 hp ata speed of 2100 ‘pm, determine the minimum radius r ofthe fillet if an allowable stress of 6000 ps is exceeded. Fr 28h eee SOLUTION 125, F = B02 = 35 2 " P= GO hy = (60X¢¢00) 396u/0* Jbin /s = Pi, Bexios eget Te ane “ar taey 2 8007 10% fb. in For smaller shaPt cebds= 0.625 in v= kis - 24t we Hs32 | _wloces)*go00) _ hes 2T TAC, 8007 mat) = t+ QO: 2S. From Fig 8.82 G= 0.18 = O.1BA = (O.080)C1L.2Tm) = 0.225 ine = 3.90 The stepped shaft shown ‘transmit 60 hp. Kno that the allowable PROBLEM 3.90 shearing sens in the haf 86000 pl an tat oe duos es ee oe Basin, ‘determine the smallest permissible speed of the shaft. SOLUTION 2. os | daseescenicekce, 1am + ) From Fig. 3.32 For smadler shaPt C=4d = 0.625 ye KTe 2 2KT Tt Tes Te*e _ 1 (0.625) (6000) _ L826 x10 Bein T? "XK ~~ QV 26) P= Gohp = Gol(ecco) = 396 x10° Jb-in/s = Tae sph. Btbuos___ is eee rs eerrre te sa ¥ 2076 rpm = 34. Hz ow3.91 A 25- Nem torque is applid to the stepped shaft shown which has a fol eee quater ctcuar filet. Kroving that D = 24 mm, determine the maximum shearing stress inthe shat when (a) d= 20 mm, (8) d= 26mm SOLUTION 2 a = 4(D-d)= ZQH-20)* 2mm a From Fiq 3.32 Ke i34 Eager hat For smaller shatt p= hal= 0.010m ~ KTe . 2KT . @)u.3#)@s) . x10" Pas x. Ke: BAF = BUG = 2L3 x10 Pee 21.6 MPa me aye ( B.Be in ee ED-d) = (24-218) = 1.2mm F243 = 0.0556 Fron Fig 8:82 K=/42. For smaller shabt ¢ 2 pal = 0.0108, x= Kis = 2. Odes» = 11.9 x10 Pe = 17.9 MPO =e ‘3.92 Inthe stepped shaft shown, which hes a fll quarter-ircular fillet, D= 1.5 in PROBLEM 3.92 and d= 1.2 in. Knowing that the speed of the shaft is 1800 rpm and that the ‘allowable shearing stress is 8000 psi, determine the maximum power that may be transmitted by the sha. : SOLUTION r= HD-a) HD-d)= $US - 1.2 )= ONS in From Fig. 3-320 K = 1-3! For smadfer shatt C= 4d = 0.6 in Eels go age hat te kTe preJe - ace 3 T= OR eT peoel = 2072 Dein $5 1800 rpm = 3OH2 Power Penh T = 2n(a0d(2072) = 349. 6x10" Ab-in/s 340.6 x 10? Rb ins _ 6600 Ib-in/s/hp 5 $4.2 bp fanPROBLEM 3.93, 4.93 Inthe stepped shaft shown, which has full ouarter-cirular fillet, the allowable searing stress ig 12 ksi. Knowing thet D =1.25 tw, determine the largest allowable ‘torque that may be applied tothe shaft if (a) d= 1.1 in, (b) d= 1.0 in. - SOLUTION r=}D-a) Tn = IR ksi = 12000 psi D @ Denas detlin Ps fPx Loa ved(D-d) = P(.25-01) = 0.075 in 03 nigel = 45F = 0.0682 pn ‘ht Saeco From Fig 3.82 Kz I-40 For smaller shat Cake = 0.55 in ve Ts “Te ge. Tet. ELonS5¥ (eeeh = 8240 Hb-in = fb) De hasin d= 0 in pek(D-d) = 4(L25-10)= 0. 125 in =e 2s, Fa OBS sons From Fig 3-32 Ke gi For smaller shadt cated » 0.50in = T&L . _w(o.se¥(i2000) _ : ‘ T: Fe Gray = 1798 Bh-in —See eee 3.94 4 S4-mm-dlamete solid shat is made of mild steel which is assumed to be LEM 3.94 ide elastoplastc with r= 145 MPa. Determine the maximum shearing tres and the radius ofthe elastic core c ication ofa torque of magnitude (2) eae laste core caused by the application of a torque of magnitude (a) 4 FX, () SiN c=td = 0027m Ty = IMS «10° Pa Compute Tr = Tye Fett Flo.oa7 (ius wot) = 448s nso Nem ) T= oxl Nm < ePastic P2 CF Z Imm =< eee teeter CMM ORION Isc < fs T Ft te *Teo.ca7ye 184 Ho! Pa * 129.4 MPa =e 6) T? Foxit Nm > plastic region with ebaste core. The maximum Shearing stress is Tray Ty = 145 MPa am Te¥T Cie &) 2g Br4-8. 4 ~ Beene = 0.650 & = 0.8680 Pr = 90-8680 C = (0,8680)(0.027) = 0.02844 m = 23.4 mn =e PROBLEM 3.95 395 A 1.S-in-diameter solid shaf is made of mil steel which is assumed to be di with r= 21 ksi, Determine te maximum shearing stress ar the ras ae oft air cmty he apa fatoge omg @) 12H.) Cekd = 0.75 in Tt 2) kal Compote Ty Te Sh. Beta = Elo.2 M2!) = 13.916 kip. in @) T= 12 Kip-in < Ty elastic P PCF OS in, me =te .27, gua) = : . T el” Torey = '8-!) He = (b) T= 18 Kip-in > Ty plastic region with ebastic cove The maximum Shearing stress is Tmy= G = 21 ksi —_< T Eh (i- &) &-4-4E = 4-2. 0.11957 Be 2 0.49265 . : Pr = 0492650 = (0,49265" C75) = 0.369 tn, “—3.96 A 30-mn-diamete soli rod is made ofan elastoplasio material with #,= 3.5 conten MP, Koowing thatthe elastic core of the rod is 25 mm in diameter, determine the magnitude ofthe torque applied to the rod soLUTION Ty = 3.5 m10% Pa e=¥d- 0.015 m Pez A= 0.0185 m The o » Betz, + Zoos) (.siot) = 19.555 Nem, Le. g.0as 0. 83833 0.08 é TERI 4H) = Hs.sss)] i- a(essss2F] = 71.2 em PRI . 3.97 Its observed that a straightened stel paperclip can be twisted through several al ‘eveltions by the application of torque of approximately 08 Ibi. Knowing thatthe tdiameter of the wire used to form the paper clips 0.04 in, determine the approximate soLuTion vale ofthe yl soem ofthe see = 0.02 im. : ~ 41% . 4. ee 2 BTe , Go.8) oo Race ~ Faeoays 4.98. The soli ciculr shaft shown is made of sce! which i asumed 0 be Seer XY elastoplastic with F;~21 ksi, Determine the magnitude T of the applied torque when the plastic zone is (a) 0.6 in, deep, (b) 1 in. deep. cn 1358 SOLUTION YY FLAS im Ty Al keer Ts ce = BSH, = FU.2s P(A) = 64.427 Kip-in = RE + onsite T= ETRC- b= ¥le4.427)[1- 5 (0.520)] = (a) bys O.bin, py O-by = 28 -0.60 = 065m , (ec) tye LOm , pret, = 1hQS-hO = O.2Sin Eis TE = 0.200 SSR $F) = Ss (cunar [1-4 (0.209 ] = B57 kipin =e£98 Tem i Sl sow mae of ses! wich sumed lett wih 21k. Determine he rae ote spl omes ing Y She plate ones) 0. in ‘deep, (6) | in. deep, ites ote saan ning Prob, 98, tem he ang of wi na r Jength of shaft, eae fea PROBLEM 3.99 = 1350 ; souemos a C= LAS im, Te A ksi = ZnO" psi GI. 2HJO* px Le Pt + 48 in Ve EPs SH gee EM Le UNA I oy ost" wd a CG SUAS Axo) ro DW 2 get BB a 9 hm @) b= 0.6 in Pro Orbe 1280.6 > 0.65 2 Pe. Thoowte pepe ay Q Re = O.sa0 ¥ 138,46 +10 peel = (b) tyF lO in Cb = has - 0 0,25 ee. Tao0x1o* , wlo* fe oe = RpHle = 360 r10 rad = 3.4100 torque Tis applied tothe 20-man-dimeterstelr04 AB. Assuming the stcel PROBLEM 3.100 tobe estate wih @= 77 GPaand = 145 MPa, deeming T if ‘Bhan the angle of wit ais 25 (8 the coresponding diameter ofthe elastic core 0 mm <4 <> SOLUTION ~ Asa C=td = 0.010 m, » GE7IKID Fa yo Coy 2L% = bp 2 US) x10), - Dy = Gilroy * *e47 x10 vast Te it = Bete, = E(o.o1oy(14s «1ot) = 227.77 Nem oe Q = RS = 496.2316 md > = Yew RBZ © 0.64737 (a) THE TH (1- $8) €(zrm[i- goers] = zea um = w oe & = 0.64787 Pr * 0.64737 ¢ = (0.64787) (0.00) Pr > 624787 *16?m = 6.4737 mm dys 2Pe= 1295 mm a3.101 A 18-mm-diameter solid circular shat is made ofa material which is assumed eee to be clastoplastic with G= 77 GPa and f= 145 MPa, Fora 1.2-mlength, determine ‘the maximum shearing stress ard the angle of twist caused by a 200 Nm torque, SOLUTION Tee WS x1 Pa, Cok =0.004m, L= Lem, Ts a00 Nem Tee GB. Bety, = B(o.009PUasnot) = 166.08 Nem Ty plestic region with elastic core Tory = IAS MPa mt = Re . QL L Ovie.0t.29 eaaeae We OF 7 Fete > Floor Gao = WS OB x nd. tT. 300-48) (ay ae a. 4- Qeer = 0.8864! & = 0.72837 = —&. = 251.08 xjo% ~ Po L* Bes) = OLE + B44 IC mal = 19.78 < 3.102 A sold circular rd is made of material which it assumed to be elatoplastc. dame Denoting by sand respectively, the torque and angle of twist atthe onset of ck, soueTi0N determine the angle of twist if the torque i ineeased to (a) T = 1.1 Ty, (8) T= 1.287; (@) T=13T;. ) or Co ea Te Eh(l-§ s 38. ane ee ! e = 1126 > eet ae Facannn = 1126 Prlleegy me z 2. : : * (b) eras F Trams 7 1587 PrLsarg «a ore I © Le : = Qs PrAs a 1 & V4 =(3)(1.3) .cacy ieee ere ero Ho see rue oto fd SOLUTION PROBLEM 3.103 3.103 A 0.75-in.-diameter solid circular shaf is made of amateria which is assumed to be elastoplatic with G = 11.2 » 10" psi and 7," 21 ksi. For a 5-f length of the shaft, determine the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist caused by a 2- kipin, torque, Cag = 0.328 in, GE M.2W10% psi, T= 2l si = 21000 ps Le oF = 60m T 2 kip-in = 210% Mein Ty Shee Letyy = E(o.27s (aloe) = 1.7345 w10 Abin T > Ty paste region with efastic core + Trace Tye Qlksi = L% (G02) 0c0) B00%/0"3 pad C3 WNIT * Ty (1-4) esa aera eee aaa = 1220 Py = (220 Weoonlo?) = 366/07 rod = 210° =Cn J 3.104 A hollow steel shaft is 0.9 m long. and has the cross section shown. The steel is assumed to be elastoplastic with fF, = 180 MPa and G= 77 GPa. Determine the ‘applied torque and the corresponding angle of twist (a) atthe onset of yield, (6) when atl the pte Zane 10 rn deep. SOLUTION PROBLEM 3.104 0mm 70am | tay Ab phe onset of yield, tha feces distribution is the nt elastic distribution with Tay > T = td, = 0.085m, c= 44, = 0.015m = B(e.t-0,") = F(0,.085"- 0.015") = 2.2777% love m Lee he ee. Ge Th . {2 21M110*}i30 no") mae Tye Ee Te 7 1714 x10" Nom = 17) kNem = CL 0. 035 2 EL, Wao oa) eS ia = Ce ae ererrcn creer procs agi el - b= 0.010 m Pre C,-t = 0.035 - 0.0/0 = 0.045 m eee a - ae Y= = #2 Y= = Feb 180 x10%)(0.9) BIS WIS) | ° OQ: x: = BEISC*IO nad = bE «= Gpy ~ U7*10.025) fen: a Torque Ty carnied by ebestic portion co < PS Pe T= a ps pr. TB where LF (pe-6,") J, = E(0.0a5"- 0,015") = 534.0710" wm* -7 5 Te Ly, (534.0710) (180 HI) 2g guys xfo? Nem Pr 0.025 Torque Ty carried by phastic portion Co he any ap dp = arg el Ba (op- ped = 2 (iso x10* )(0.085* - 0.025) = 10.273 x 1o* Nem Toted toryue Te Tt Ty = B. 24S rio 4 10.273 10" = 14.12 1107 Nem W412 KNem ataaa] {inna | © eee eee) eee) 1 3.105 A hollow stee shaft is 0.9 m long and has the cros section shown, The steet eoreae ee is assumed to be elastoplastic with 5, ~ 180 MPa and G=77 GPa. Determine (a) the ‘angle of twist at which the section fist becomes fly plastic, (4) the corresponding ‘magnitude of the applied torque. 30m 10am SOLUTION —t Gatd= 0.0m c= td, = 0.085 m (29 For onset oF Fully plastic yielding, p ~ x He L& _ (04Yj80%)0') _ 53 = - ? Ge * Woe iasy ~ NORE ric veo = 8.04 «= Ck 2 ye ) Tpe an a Tpdp = Wye Je = BH(er-<*) = BE (90 w/o" (0.088? - O.015°) = 14.84 «10% Nem = 1489 kN 3.106. A shaft of mild steel is machined to the shape shown and then twisted by Poe ee torques of magnitude 45 kip in. Assuming the steel tobe elastoplati with £,~21 ksi determine (a) the thickness of the plastic zone in portion CD of the shaf, (8) the length ofthe portion BE which remains filly elastic. siaesielanting SoLutION (a) In portion CD c= Fae 1.00 in ‘eeeceae We Bh = Fetz, = E(1.00)* (a1) = 32.989 kipin T= é5(1-&) . Be 4. 4- GG) ~ o.sce20 &. 9.71288, py =(0.71281(4.00) = 0.713 iny tye C-fp=O.287in me (be) For yiedding at point E TT, C=C.) Te 40 kpin r 3,20 ,@ ; > Tee 27 cee “ae Oe. 12126 in? Ce = Lh OCC4 in, Using proportions From the sheteh as Las ceePROBLEM 3.107 4.107 The magnitude ofthe torque T applied to the tapered shaft of Prob. 3.106 is slowly increased. Determine (a) the largget torque which may be applied to the shaft, (6) the length of portion BE which remains filly elastic. souwTion (a) The arg est torque Which may be applied te th atl [sh shat Baker portion Cd "Sllyy oiler” im An portion CD c=kd = [00 im Ty = Tee Febd, = Eluco (ar) + 22.987 Kipein For fully plesk shah py =o T: $a(1-4) PETE + $(42597)= 49.982 kipin e HOkpin —e (6) For yielding at point E, L* 2, Ox Cr, Te 43.982 kip-in, 2 Te . 20 2. (43.982 4 ue The ca = Bee 1.33383 jn Dsing proportions frum the sketch Se Wee > Ce = 121006 in Las-hloo6 | xb Tas loo ~ 4 eee erate X= 2.39 in —_ be{i ee scaling a be epg (59 pened sb te Fe La Sibeue wane cpa, on SOLUTION | 4 The stress is that shown on the JePh | Tors anh ptrdp = arf ptdd = | t Po tdp = Aam\pdA = ArT h = = yom 2% . as where dA = T dp and I= 2nel moment about the T-ayis. 7 c u . FURS & 0 LQ i SN 7 ke ke Aa Gea - ome -leuns Sup (4AyS =euc- aupe = $uctli- $e) Trarl » W@ye(i- £4) ReaM that Ty Te - EH 2 Bae- Ty Heme = T= $7, (1- $A)3.109 Using te stress-strain diagram shown, determine (a) the torque which causes ‘maximum shearing stress of 5 ksi ina 0.8-diameter solid rod, (6) the corresponding angle of twist in a 20-i, length ofthe rod. PROBLEM 3,109 SOLUTION @) Cong = IS esi = = 0.400 in From the stress-strain diagram Your 0,008 © CoaTORONECMETNT y= Leh ze = = e hae i Vea’ prop = wet ete de = aner where He iwtegrl Eis given by = De 6! 2tx de Evabuste I using a method of numencad int Tow. IF Simpson’ tule is ooed, He “iehegtation Bemcoh ig tat Elle! T= 3wz'7 where w isa weighting Pacter, Using Az = 0,25, et the valves giteh om the tehde befod ad Z| VY [Ee ksi |e msi] w | w27, kei 0 | 0.000} o 0.000 | 1 | 0,00 0.25 | 0.002 3 0.500 | 4 2.00 0.5 | 0.004 12 | 3000 | 2 | 6.00 0.75 | dvoe} 14 7.375 | 4 | 3150 1,0 | 0.008 Is 15,000 t \s,00 S460 <}- Dwr Te GASH SO) 4 ca ket @@) T= 21L= 2n(o.yo%(4s+) = 1.926 Kip- in = (8) Taue # SB g = LE ~ G2)(0.008) - Yoo xyo* pad = 22.4° = Cc 0.400 Note! Answers may differ sfightBy doe to oliPPerences oP opinion iw reading the stress ctrhin curve.4.110 A hollow shaf of outer and iner diameters respectively equal to 0.6 in, and eee 0.2. is faceted from an aluminum allo for which the stress-strain diagram s given inthe sketch. Determine the torque required to twist a 9-n. length of the shat through 10°, SOLUTION P = 10% = 174.53 x10" rod be Oot Gt td = Olean, C= td. = 0.300 in mae ge + @.200 MIT. Soni) = 0.00582 Thin ® se. Soutoo Veer. sants) = 0.00194 -X% eZ Ges fees tes ae, arate 1 Te an pede = anced) ede = 2ngt where He integra? Tis gives by 9 I = S) 2*xae Evatuste I using a, method of numerical integration. LP Simpson's pele is used, the integvation formuda, is I= & Dw2e h i ighting Factor. Using Azad we get 2 age reer a tee ie z|7r ksi | ate ksi | w |w2*e ksi va | 0.00144 | 3.0 | 0.84 Wz | 0.00291 | joo 2.50 2/3 | 0.00383} Us SM Sh | 0.00485 | 13.0 9.03 1 0.00882 | i4.0 Ito [— Dw2"e Ie aeittt2a) = 3.96 ksi T= ancS I= 20(0.300)*(3.9¢) = 0.671 kip-in = 671 tein Nem Loading: Ts x10 Nem Ts $h0- 48) ra & = o.scua , Unfoading ee TE where gs "CS \o.0as) _ At pre e cis s~10" | = (50.019 128) _ At pp teen Residucl> Te * Tng 0! At pec Tres 2 IGOuD® ~ 203.72 %/0 At Pepe Treg = 160210% = 115.08 ¥JO* . = are (3Ylsxt0%) _ f= Agave aaa Saagees Pe 70-8696 0.18029 = O.01F 1210" m = 14 128mm T = §x10* kNem 203,72 10° Pa HS.08 x 10% Pa. F = 43.72 ¥10% Pa = = 48.7 MPa = 44,92 xJo* Pa = 44 MPa ~3.114 The solid citeular shaft AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be clastoplastic with G= 11.2» 10* psi and #21 ksi. The torque T is increased until the rads of the elastic core is 0.25 in._Determine the maximum residual shearing sess in the shaft after the torque T has been removed. | SOLUTION 8 Cr0in. Pre Rin R= BM a yg tC T= Jets Flo.rs © 9.49701 in + Lk, (oM70NAN 2 pa 916 kipnin At end of foading? T24%C1- $6) = $03.00) -4G¥1 = 18.383 kip in PROBLEM 3.114 oo oO ot p=o ty = a Ksi at eee 0.25 in tes 21 ksi at pe 0.75 in, The stresses ane on acer Torque change i. onfoading T= ~ 18.383 kipsin \ Stress changes dering onfoeding = = TP Cefastic) GO Mo pzo 1's 0 0 At p= o.2cin v's WBBBSMOAS) 2g. a5 ksi Ab p> 0.75 in te ESBS HOE) © 27.74 ksi iQ Residual stresses ave | by adeing — To? Tout — n At p =o ast: es At P= O.25in Tey = 2 - WIS = MATE ese = a At p= 0.15 in Tey = 21-2274 = ~6.74 esi v 1a ie vas P -6.74 oa3.15 The bow haf 4 made of ec hich amuned tote atop ee with = 145 MPa and G=77 GPs. The magnitude 7 of the torque is slowly increased until the plastic zone first reaches the inner surfice; the torque is then 125m, removed. Determine (a) the maximum residuel shearing stress, (6) the permanent angle of twist of the sha 7 SOLUTION Tnmer radion C7 0.010 outer radivs C= 0.080 m wha T= EG - 6") = F(o.0se'- 0.008") = L1OTHS 410% yt Loading: When py reaches inner surFace, then Z = Ty & ae : aie anh ptdp = ant, $I = Bala -c) = (ius wot )( 0.030*- 0.0187) = 6, 428510 Nem vs Bat prc, Abe 1282 Pag EERBEIED = 130.7715 rd + 7.498° Te G.azasriot Wem Calaste) av Te Un Porting AA pFa eb SAB N0.080) 174.14 »10" Pa 1. 10795 *1O-* Mpeg ts (6.4285 1(0.018) 2 oH Yq xJo% Pa [1074s © 10% > (2DL _ ¢ 6. 42a. as) = eee ie Oe Neral @7miosyuemeos) a tiene ara Residual: Tau = That ~ E' Penk Prat @) At prG tue 195 stot = 174,19 «10% = = 29.14 #108 Pew = =a.) MPa = AP P= Ts = WE HOt - Vot.da lot = 40,51 «10° Pa = 4o.s MPa = 36.54 x10 ved (e) Dyes ® 180-7710" = 94.28 21" ee amo 3.116 The solid shaft shown is made ofa steel which is assumed to be elastplastie iseaierned with r= 145 MPa and G=77 GPa. The torque is increased in magnitude until the i shaf has been twisted through 6° and then removed. Determine (a) the magnitude and Jocation ofthe maximum residual shearing ses, (b) the permanent ange of twist of _| the shat. SOLUTION Ct O01 m DG = 104.72*I0 ved 16m as Yo ® se. Lette Min Teno lor) = 6.0027925 2 he, sot. Ve? Sot aHT 7 0001s 2 Me . 9.001883) _ ¢ "WL, 7 “ooompas = 0.87489 T= Fet= BCoote)*= 102.944 got m* ms Se. gen. Foor y(insxiot) = 932.43 Nem At end of oscliny Trea = $Ty(1- 4A Y= A(aa2.98 )]I- 406.67009)"] = bh VRSS foo Nem a Unboading: elastic Tle “W148 55% 10% Nem “ 2 ; Ab prc it's Te = Chess lo" (0.016 | = 178.52 x]0° Pa At pepe t's ES Pee Cizs.sawiot (0.0733) = 120.3810 Fe g's EL, Lis BS510"V0.6) ge, gy x10 veel = GT C7107 \002-444 07) Residul: Ce = Tina ~ 0! Pe = Pa — 9 Ab PFC Ta = WSx1O*- 178.52x108 = ~ 33.52% 10° Pa = -3315 MPa ~ At P= Pe Te * IAS x(0%~ 120.3800" = 24.621 * 10 Pa = 24.6 MPa. ~ Prom = 109-72 % 15S 86.94 10% 217.98 St vad = 1.019° =<3.113. The solid circular drill rod AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be PROBLEM 3.117 clastoplastic with ¢;~ 160 MPa and G77 GPa. Knowing that a torque T= 5 kNom is applied to the rod and then removed, determine the maximum residual shearing ‘stress in the ro. SOLUTION 3117 In Prob. 3.113, determine the permanent angle of twist of the rod, From the solution to PROBLEM 3.113 Sr OORT 5 Ts 618.59 x10 mY, Es 0.5649, py =0.014123 m lo = Ok. = 4% Lh. LY APter touting Y= p= bes oe Le Be is Soe ° Prout = fieligexion = 1.4713 rad = 84.30 Doring unfoading e+ = (efastic) T+ Swja* Wem t. ( Sxt0* C10) ie : ° 2 * GpmoyGiasana® = OS8S md = Co.64 Permanent twist angte Poors = Phot ~-P = 14713 ~ 1.0583 = 0.4180 rad = 23.7% = 3.114 The solid circular shaft AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be clastoplstic with G= 11.2 x 10$psi and +, =21 ksi, The torque T is increased until the radius of the elastic core is 0.25 in. Determine the maximum residual shearing siress inthe shal after the torque T has been removed. SOLUTION ‘3.118 In Prob. 3.114, determine the permanent angle of twist ofthe shaft. PROBLEM 3.118, ante PROBLEM 3.114, 2 = 0.9 in, T= 0.49701 in After Jooding T= 18.383 kip, pp 2 QASin, * Ly Lt e* AG Vhere L> Hin, By = Alsi, .G =I 2mlO% psi > He 2x10" psi EMAL. 3 ° Prout = GR ny = 180 10 vad = 10.3) Unfonsting T+ 18.383 Kp-in 7, TL » (19.388) 2+) = GMO ved = 4 SHE SL “Ciamorvoaateny ~ 77 %6 ™0 ved Permanant mngle F twist Pper® Prout - P' perm = 18O WSS ~ 79.26 x10 = 100.74 nIC* pad = $.77° et 5 i3.119 A torque T applied toa solid rod made of an elastoplastc materials increased PROBLEM 3.119 ‘atl the rod becomes fully plastic and then isremoved. (a) Show that the distribution torque due the stresses acting on the portion ofthe rod located within a circle ofradius a — SA, ferry + ale Loading Unloading | Residual Atter fouding — Py20, Thy 2 $1, AF OH > Weer, Dn Roasting t's # > oE = 20) 2 gy atpre ts até Residual Ts G- EGE = 7(0-#) Te Find ce, Set Tu 7O auc p= lo o- 1-#¢ 2 Gs ¥e an pPtdp = an (pin 1-4 £) dp ane, (Set) | = emne £4@y-GHeNt i iio So aver jz BLY > ALY = 0.2209 He" « @) T3.116 The solid shaft shown is made of a steel whichis assumed to be clastoplastic PROBLEM 3.120 with 1,= 145 MPa and G=77 GPa. ‘The torque Tis increased in magnitude until the shaft has been twisted through 6° and thenremoved. Determine (a) the magnitude and location of the maximum resiual shearing stress, () the permanent angle of twist of the shat 3.120 After the solid shaft of Prob, 3.116 has been loaded and unloaded as described inthat problem, a torque T, of sense opposite to the original torque T is applied to ‘the shaft. Assuming no change inthe value of gy, determinc the angle of twist @ for which yield is intited inthis second loading and compare it with the angle for SOLUTION ‘hich the shat started to yield in the original loading. From the sofution te PROBLEM 3.116 C= 0.016m, L=0.6m p= NS #1 Pay ST = 102.944 Io m? The residowD stress at p=c is Te = 33.5 MPa For Doading in the opposite sense, the ehange in stress 4 produce reversed yiebding i Uy = Te -Ta t WS 10% = 33.5% 10% = 1 SHO" Pa - ke 2 TH _ Cozy x10 LS x10! ee ces 0.086 = J17 Nin Ang he of twist Tk _ (uz xo? )(o.6) “3 G * GF * GinotYiawet) = S13 ci = B® = ee ; Cd3414 The solid circular sha AB is made of a stel which is assumed to be lastoplastc with G = 11.2 « 10°psi and r= 21 ksi. The torgue Ti increased until ‘the radius ofthe elastic core is 0.25 in. Determine the maximum residual shearing ress in te shat after the torque T has been removed. ‘3.121 Afler the solid shat of Prob. 3.114 hus becn loaded and unloaded as described in that problem, atorqueT, of sense opposite othe original torque T is applied tothe sha. Assuming no change inthe value of #, determinc the magnitude 7; of the torque T, required to initiate yield inthis second loading. and compare it with the SOLUTION ragnitude Ty ofthe torque T which caused the shat to yield in the original losing. PROBLEM 3.121 From the sofution to PROBLEM 3.114 c= O.75in, Le 24 in T= Alksi, T= 0.47701 in” The residual stress at p=c is Tey = 6.74 ksi For Poading in the opposite sense, the change in stress to produce reversed yielding Is Ue Tye Ty ® B-674 © 14 2E ksi ty us Se > fosttnen tna) AS Kip in Ae Ty = Lhe = OBMONRN = 19,92 kip in Cale eer3.122 Knowing thatthe magnitude ofthe torque T is 1800 Ivin., determine foreach, ee ‘ofthe aluminam bars show the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist at end B. Use =3.9 « 10" psi. SOLUTION = 1800 fein, L= 36 in @) QrlBin, br06in 2-h8 22 From Table 81 €,70.267 , C2> 0.268 ieee seeks 1800 feet SORE ~ ©. 2IIC.IVOE)* = |0.4oxlo* psi = 0.40 ksi =< Th. __(ifoo (36) = 162sx1O pad = 23/9 mt Pra, Gane ~ O.%3X1. 806A) (by 1.0 in, b= 10 in, Be Loo 0.208 , C, = 0.1906 v alee 1800 ce : aa . = = BES desi = : Gake = Grover = 8-OS*O ps = 865 ks @ = pibrg = pplfgeMen = inavioad = 6.77 cab (0.1406 X10 Y(-0)*C 3.9 wo* )3.123 Using %2 10 ksi, determine foreach ofthe aluminum bars shown the largest PROBLEM 3.123 tora T which my be api andthe comespodig angle oftwit, Use G= 3.9 x 10° psi SOLUTION Va = 10 ksi, G = 3.4% /0% psi = 3.9 x10 ksi (2) &= 18 in, br 0.6m, e-48 =3 U From Table 8.1 €, 0.267, €,7 0.263 5 BE foe tan C, Ab" Toray n T= 0.267\(1-8)(0.0910)= 1.730 k’p.in 0.050, br SOmm = 0.080 m + Behe From Table 3.1, ©, = 0,208, C,7 0.1406 = 20.8xl0° Pe = 30.8 MPa at (Be0X(0.400) ~ Te, eeontoo) -s Gee Gab & (0.1406)(0,.05)(0.05 7 (89 x10" ) © 49.38 *10" ved = 0.535° = (b) a= 72 mm = 0.070m , b= 85m + 0,085 m, $: ale =Zo0 C,7 0.246 , Cz = O.224 a ee sco O° Pa = 37.9 MPa =e Tee SAE * Tomevoarewaorye * $77" Pa ae Somes (800) (0.400) eine P = avs * Wm loorroossyamey © Two wd = 0.684° = Ooaf Drea eee Ceo Coad ore er PROBLEM 3.125 3.125 Using = 50 MPa, determine for each of the cokl-rolled yellow brass bars shown the largest torque T which may be appied and the corresponding angle of twist, Use G=39 GPa, SOLUTION Tot = 50x10" Pa, Le YoOmm = 0.400 m Gs Bqx 10% Pa (2) ar SOmm = 0,099, be SOmm = 0.050 m f= Loo From Table 3.1 0,70. 208, 6,7 0.1406 Tres > —_. cak* Te Gab 't., + (0.208X Xose)(0,050) (Soxlot) = 1300 N-m = 1.800 KNem <0 eee U 300) (0.400) : Gabe © Gitocy .050)(0.080 (54104) = IS.17xj0"* Pade = 0.869" < aie. > Brg 740 From Tabte 3.1 C7 0.246, C= 0.229 T= cab, = (0.240 0.070.088 (S0 vot) = 1055 Nem Qt TO mm > O.07m, b> BS mm = 0,085 m = LOSS kNem at s—Th ___ U0s5) (0,400) Z sion? Pare © (224M 0.070 (0,085 5(37 «107) ~ ah = 0.902° =3.126 A 2-Lipin. torque T is applied to each ofthe steel bars shown, Knowing that a~ Oks, determine the required dimension b foreach bar. PROBLEM 3.126 SOLUTION T= Zkep in Tay? © Kor (o) civede ton EE = cae Tr e B= ie 1.698 int Woot 1.193 in =< (b) sqvare: a=b, F+hO, From Tuble 2) 2, = 0.208 Bese eee a eee eee ee 3 Toetzam Ebr + Vee aes) = M608 ie ©) rectangles as 2b, tT 0.668 in? aa : b+ 0.878in Gabe ~ ase Ee ._T Gwe . b= Sith. _ ©.208K 100 x10° 4.0) eee AEP (0.908 7107 Cam) = 1 2zBdO% em = RAS mm me3.131 Shafts 4 and B sre made of the same material and have the same cross PROBLEM 3.131 sectional area, but 4 has a circular cross section and 2 has a square cross section. Determine the ratio ofthe maximum torques T, and 7, which may be saely applied to A and B, respectively. SOLUTION Let c= radius of cincular section A and b= side of aquare section B. Cine: > ES = Bh. T= Fett Square? CC, = 0,208 fron Table 3.1 =>, - tee 78 Te* ca = abet Te Gb te : 3 Bo Rei: Be Fete F- Ru 1 y Te) b'Ze = “Gets “Te te Fon the same stresses Tar ¢ 21.356 — a.) Te Goma 3.132 Shafls 4 and B are made of the same material and have the same length and ross sectional area, but A has a circular cross section and Bhas a square cross section. Determine the ratio of the maximum values if the angles 4, and gy through which shafts and B, respectively, may be twisted. SOLUTION Let ¢ =padivs oPesreular sechin A and be side of square section B. For equal aveas Wco*= bs b= FTe Cire? Yue a Sm Qs am Sqvaret Vabfe B19 c,> 0.208, C2 = 0,106 PROBLEM 3.132 lesa = 0.208 & * asp Te = 0.208% orca aL _ A7AH L% Gave - sheebe ~ be jo & , kU bG = bE th Red Go Te TATE, 7 08 EE 210.61 Tt Fon equal stresses % > To 6 = O.676F# = 1.198 =Sf ood eal cm Serie eed fa eo) ae (awa) (a) 3.133 A 1.25-mlong steel angle has an L 127% 76% 6:4 eross section, From Appengix C we find that the thickness of the section is 6.4 mm and tat itsareais 1252 mm? Knowing that ry, = 60 MPa, G= 77 GPa, and ignoring the effect of stress concentrations, determine (a) the lagest torque T which may be applied, (5) the corresponding angle of twist PROBLEM 3.133 SOLUTION B= 1252 mm b = 64 mm = 0.0064 m Bet ee tse . ae f= BR = 195.6 mm = 0.1956 m @_ 1as.6 neq 30.56 G22 d(1-0.0808) = 0.3265 To .te 2 Toe? Sage = TF CS, Ab" Conan a) T =(0. 2265 X0.1956)(0.0064)*(60x104) = 156.9510 N-m = S70 KN-m = Th GO Col CT Toop le ©) P* Fane = CabtG ~ Gabe be = Soa = 152.19 VIO rad = 8.727 1134 A 3000 in, torque is applied to a 6--long stel angle witha L4 4 3 PROBLEM 3.134 ‘ross section. From Appendix C we find that the thickness ofthe section is? in. and thatitsare is 2.86 in? . Knowing that G= 11.2 « 10" ps, determine (a) the rina, taxaxd bearing stress along line -2, (6) the angle of twist. 2 sovurio 5 A= 286 int, b= Fin = 0.378 th, o. pts E> Ze = ws C,= C,=4$(J- 0.630 2) = 0.3230 ~ Tt. 3000 i: : : ©) Ton SADE = SRB VOR FET pai = BKC ksi 1 (go000\(72) = 1HB.NS WIC vad = B51? feral &) P = Saute = (Babe Vr er(0.475 PUA FIO") Note: L= GP * 72 in3.135 An 8-f-tong steel member with a W 8x 31 cross section is subjected to a 5 EM3.135 PROBLEM 31 Sin torque, From Appentx we fin tat thethsknes ofthe sections >in. and i ‘that its area is 2.86 in?, Knowing that G = 11.2 « 10¢ Psi, determine (a) the = ‘maximum searing tess along line o-a, (6) the maximum shearing sts alo fre 48, (6)the angle of twist. (En Consider the wsb and lngesspertly an ea 4 relation between the torques exerted onthe web and a ange, respectively: be bape ‘expressing that the resulting angles of twist are equal.) SOLUTION zs wexsi Flange? Q= 7.995 in, be Ouss, $+ SHE = 13,39 = Gegli- 06808) © 0.829 Os ehe Te = Gabt SMe = kp S2 where Ke = Gab? Kp = (0.821900 7.995 0.485 = 0.2188 ind + 213 Web? = 0-@MOMS) = 118 in, b= 0.285 in Be ER 2 asoz C= C,2 $(i-a6sebk}> 0.2209 Ou > githee To * Gab’ Sh 2 KGE hee Ky = abt ‘y= (0.8249 )(2.13 (0.285 )* = 0.0563 in* For matching twist ang tes a an) Teta? torque T* 2Tp + Ty = (ZKes Ky SE feu = eT easekeg Ect ioe > Gage ™tatth Ty SSO) a0) Bains Te > 0-2S8208000) . 567 in QVOT38)+O.056 3 2188) +O.0563 sa pee aoe pe F472 ksi we B* ” (6.3219K7. 195X0.435)~ ie aa emer Retreat peg teen te) eae ORwVT Noms ~ 21ers = 296 ke Corot: Dat hore Le BH Un, © TC “mem * sqm “ee Csveo)(a6) = 88.6xio' nd = 5.087 eta 7 Hpesoea (eecad tte eec tthe Saat ee Gr Ger co n u 4 J 3.136 A 3-m-long stel member has an W 250 x 58 cross section, Knowing that @ = 77 GPa and thatthe allowable shearing stress is 35 MPa, determine (a) the largest torque T which may be applied, (b) the corresponding angle of twist. Refer to Appendix C for the dimensions ofthe erass section and neglect the effect of stress ‘concentrations. (See hint of Prob, 3.135.) PROBLEM 3.136 soLvTion Flange! 2 208 mm, b= 18.Smm, B= 15.04 c=, = $(1-0.6302)= 0.3194 eae Tp Pee es 3 Go & % eae «Te cab Se kp = (0.31940, 203)(0,0135)° = 159.53%/0"7 m* Web? O = 262 -QMIZ.S)= 225 wm , b= 3mm B22 28.13, G=C.= 41-0082) = 0.2254 ie aaiibeeed : 260 yp Ge Pu aaisg * Ty = Cab’ SP = KS Ky = (0.8259K0.225)(0.008)*= 37.54 410-7 mY For matching twist angles Qe = Pu Total torque T= 2p +Tu = 2kp 4 Ky) SZ eg a eo ame Tie 2 Te Hcg ra eect Tw eve, | T+ Behe 7, Adlowehbe velse for T based on aPMovebbe vadse fae Te Te = cab'e’ = (0.3194X0.203)(0.0135)'(asniot) = 413.6 Nem T= Gs4.58)+ 27.9 (413.6) = 924.5 Nem Allowable value For T base on aMowabte value for Tw Tw = cab'e’ = (0.3259)(0.225)(0.008)'Casx/o*) = 164.25 Nem = 2ANGS9.53)+ 37-54 a : Ts sey (164.25) = 1560 Nem Choose smadten vofue T= 25 Nem = eseeaece eLRtSN 3.00) pe . D Ree IS Gsc.cxtotycreaey 7 (OOM A mel = 5.79 aPROBLEM 3.137 v co "REQ * GYo.00e Kran) 3.137 and 3.138 A 750-N-m torque T is applied toa hollow shaft having the cross section shown. Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing stress at points a and}, Thickenes = G wma oe SOLUTION Aven bounded by center fine 7 Q = 23 (e3) + (CoG) = 7381 am = 7381 xJ07* m* t= 0,006 m at bah a ond b. 150. 8.47%10" Pa = 3.47 MPa —e PROBLEM 3.138 eed Ue 4 —l_- wa 3.137 and 3.138 A 750-N-m torque T is applied to a hollow shaft having the cross section shown, Neglecting the effect of sress concentration, determine the shearing stress at points @and b, Thvcleness © 8 mm. SOLUTION fre >| Detail of corner t Zt = e@ tan3o> Pe ee © Than Boe Ske 2 = Ran gor = 6.928 mm) b= 90-26 = 76, /44 mm Area bounded by center fine Q=4b8b - By. Bre jue) = 2510.6 mm = 2510.6 #107 m™ L = 0.008 m 750 ‘ @Weo.oogyasio.e vor) = 1867410 Pa = 18.67 MPa =eoo PROBLEM 3.139 section shown, Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing eed teas at pois @ an SOLUTION Aree baonded by center Einin asin] 7 Q= BU.9 Was (3.8) = 1B.HO int oth T At powt 0 250.2 in eerie eEuEESD. : TER *@oameyoy* ot Ke mn M point b £ = 0.3 in, 22 TASB sie Ps REQ * BN0.3Xi8.40) 3.139 and 3.140 A 50-kipyin, torque T is applied to a hollow shaft having the cross PROBLEM 3.140 section shown. Neglecting the effet of stress concentration, determine the shearing stress at pats and jo SOLUTION Area bounded by centerDine Qu: ade ae M posta b> Fin ® 0.26 in es eee i : TEA * Gowan ~ 786 ke At poist bo t= Fin 7 0.375 in eee = st REQ (20.8 VIANA) 3.139 and 3.140_A.50-kiprin. torque T is appliod to a hollow shaft having the cross Al ke2ea 10mm vw: Prete 2ta PROBLEM 3.142 faeaeceeemeerceraaal wh oa L 3.141 and 3.142 hollow member having the cross section shown is formed from sheet metal of 2-mm thickness, Knowing that the shearing stress must not exceed 3 Mpa, determine the largest torque which may be applisd to the member. soLUTION 48 Area, boonded by is . center dine * * = 43)(8)+UoKa) ie = 704 mm* = 70¥ «15% m* = 0.002 m T= 2E 2% = (2)(0,002\Go4m10% )( 3x 10%) = 8.45 Nem —_ 3.141 and 3.142 A hollow member having the cross section shown is formed from, sheet metal of 2-mm thickness. Knowing that the shearing stress must not exceed 3 “MPa, determine the largest torque which may be applied to the member. SOLUTION 48 Area bounded by fe center Dine @ 3 Q= Us)Cis) +@o)lie) Ee = 1404 mms 1404x10%m Te T= 2tQr = (2\(o.002Vi4o4mo® X3x10%) = 68S Nem = fe eeePROBLEM 3.143 za 3.143 and 3.144 A hollow merober having the cross section shown is to be formed from sheet metal of 0.06 in. thickness. Knowing that 8 1250 Ibn, torque will be applied to the member, determine the smallest dimension d which may be used ifthe shearing sres is not to exceed 750 psi SOLUTION Avea bounded by centerdine Q = (6.94N2-94) - 206d = 17.4636 - 2069 Bs 0.06 in, Fs TSOps, Te 1250 devin ee eRe fered Qs attr 2 150 - 12686 ~ 206 d = Aaa 7 13-8887 ds SST 1,735 in =~ PROBLEM 3.144 Bin 4 CE 2d 3.143 and 3.144 A hollow member having the cross section shown is to be formed from sheet metal of 0.06 in, thickness. Knowing that @ 1250 Tein, torque will be ‘applied o the member, determine the smallest dimension d which may be used i the shearing stress isnot to exceed 750 psi SOLUTION Area bounded by center Q= (S44 a44- d) + 4 d= 17.4636 4.00 d B= 0.06in , > 780 pw, Ts 1250 fb-in ©" 3a OQ "ae BEE Ias0 124686 - 400d = Ge oey7so) * 13-8889 d= 38247 - 0.894 in =<3.148 hollow cylindrical shaft was designed to have a uniform wall thickness of PROBLEM 3.145 0.1 in. Defective fabrication, however, resulted in the shaft having the cross section shown. Knowing that « 15-kiprin, torque T is applied to the shat, determine the ame shearing siress at points a and b, SOLUTION Bodies of outer civede = VQ in Radius of inner civcte = Ld uw Mean radive = LIS in Avea bounded by cendertine 0.12 in Q=Th = TUS) = ISS in® : agen ape e : Ab point £2 0.08in Tae BYo.08 aes) = 726 ksi 0 i EB : sepa Ss 2 At pint bo BF O.LIZin ea” Deryuesy = 1S.04 ksi = 3.146 A cooling tube having the cross section show is formed from a sheet of stainless stec! of 3 mm thickness. The radii c, = 150 mm and c, = 100 mm are ‘measured to the centerline ofthe sheet metal, Knowing that a torque of magnitude T=3 K Nomis applied tothe tbe, determine (a) the maximum shearing stress inthe tube, (6) the magnitude of the torque caried by the outer circular shell. Negleet the neta eees at o>) Avea bounded by centertine Q= Wcf- eS) = W(iS0"= 108) = 39.27%10% mm = 29.27 110% m* PROBLEM 3.146 bt = 0,003 m cae 3xjo? . “Pee @ te: DeoesyGamies) * 12-78 x10 Pa 12.73 MPa &) T= (@nqteo) = ameter = 2m (0.180)"(0,003) (12.73 x10°) = 5.46 x10 Nem = E40 kNem -eer oa eee eee) eo sears een Cc PROBLEM 3.147 C 3.147 A cooling tube having the cross section as shown is formed fom a sheet of Staines stel of thickness. The adic, and are measured to the centerline ofthe sheet metal Knowing that a torgue Tapio the ube, determine internat 7 ee and the maximum shearing sires in the tube. SOLUTION Area beunded by center tine Q= T(e,-¢,*) Shearing stress TL C+ Ra * aE E ea ~ PROBLEM 3.148 x 4.148 Equal torques are applied to thin-walled tubes of the same length L, same thickness (, and same radius ¢. One of the tubes has been sit lengthwise as shown. Determine (a) the ratio 5/1, ofthe maximum shearing stresses inthe tubes, (b) the z* ratio /, ofthe angles of twist of the shafts. AFA SOLUTION a I “XX Without sdit ® cee Ca RE To~ anette Ciel ce Tr he cap Area bounded by centertine? Q= Te* amt sree (ele q&:-L. --3h. Cake 2ictte Stress retio: Twist ratio = 3T anct* 3TL a = . 3c usmo mo a ca (cam) 3.149 A hollow cylindrical shaft of length £, mean radius ¢,,,and uniform thickness ‘is subjected to torques of magnitude 7. Consider, on the one hand, the values ofthe average shearing sess Sy and the angle of twist obtained from the elastic torsion formulas developed in Sees, 3.4 and 3.5 and, onthe other hand, the ‘values obtained from the formulas developed i Sec. 3.13 fr thin-walled hollow shafts. (@) Show that the relative error introduced by using the thin-wall-shat formulas rather ‘than the elastic torsion formula is the same for ry_ ane and that the relative error is postive and proportional to the square ofthe ratio d/c,. (B) Compare the percent error corresponding to values ofthe ratio tfeg equal 0.1,0.2 and 0.4 PROBLEM 3.149 SOLUTION het y= outer rasivs = CosZb and C2 inner tadus = C,-$E T= Eel- cf) = Elects choweex-6)) = Flats cat + gtte ot cnt edt? )(2e,) £ = amore FECAL Hi Teact i pa ee T= °F * ENTE E g,= tL: Th TG * QEGRP ATE Area bounded by centertine Qo Tn oe we Fea. * Waele . EPL (am ae eel eee a ees E > TOES aT GSES rome | 4g Crt, Lancet ea ome ae4.180 For the solid bass shaft shown, determine the maximum shearing stress in (a) PROBLEM 3.150 portion 48, (8) portion BC: SOLUTION y= 125Kp-in Toa3skpin ABE Ts 125-252 9 Kipin fe Te , aT . aX) a 5 Caddeo.875 in ‘Sin | ; le 7 vc Fr he Wome * BSS hi ae Bo: T= 385 kpin, Chole 0.625 in aa i: mee 7 rs AD. BBO. a 3.151 Knowing that G = 5.6 » 10° psi fr the solid brass shaft shown, determine the PROBLEM 3.151 angle of twist at point C. SOLUTION y= 125 Mp sake AB? Ts 12S -3.5=9 ky in, ce $d+0.995 in ane, G = S.6x10% psi > 5.6% IO" ksi 3 wa] yz Ee*s E(o.g2s)" = 0.92077 in %, Tru bee 1) 630) 7 = SRA xJo* [ones (5.6 10? )(0-92077) i canine! BC! T= 3Skpin, or gd = 0.625 in Se = Fe’ = E(o.eas)" = 0.28968 in* Tale. (3.59024) = 626oxto" Ge * SE * ee res No. ENB) (ee Net angfe PF dust — Qye- Pag = 10.2410 rad = 0.527° =<ge 3.132 The stepped shaft shown rotates at 900 | PROBLEM 3.152 Aetermine the maximum i (2) 120m, (6) 20 mn, tpm. Knowing that ry)= 42 MPa, [Power which can be transmitted ifthe radius ofthe fillet is SOLUTION sees ae U Frequency f= are = ISHe l] D= 10mm, d= 80mm, T= 42M Pa = 42x10% fe | eat = 4d = domm = 0.040 m B. G2. 20 i jel 7 (2) P= Rmm, 5 = gs ons Ke 1.33 | 2 KTe | 2kT O Sere i | = EAL _ Tlo.o4o) (42uio*) _ fo Ne : n alee csyeents @i-33) = B.1TS*(O Nom a Pt QnfT = (20K Is I7SI0') = 200 K10 W = c06kW oe (b) 0 = 2mm, G2 B - 0.28 K = 1.20 = TZ _ (1Xo.040)(y2%jot) _ ape Cou ul Ts eee @ycL265 = B.S20x10" Nem q P= anfT = (amUs @.s20x10") = a3208W = 332KW me 5 ( | eee ee eee eo.eee co O eee eee 7 Ee aleead jE gee Ted) A PROBLEM 3.153, 3.153 The long, hollow, tapered shaft 42 has a uniform thickness ¢. Denoting by G ‘the modulus of rigidity, shown that the angle of twist at end A is SOLUTION AT] eTLn eines $s” anGt etek From geometry ve ie * Ce-G % tan = S=Ee ce y tana = Bay = = oh i Ya * fork = Te Ge oe T= anett = an Saxe P ytt ‘ % 3 % 4 3 7 = Tay . TL gs (agai eaeeaeatn yee Pr lee FEES. a YB GyES (aye h. ) = Tut i $at Geen" Aiea te | Ye wt “trG-apeie ( bee L*Cem re * Yn e-G) EG = Tb CG " 4NGE CrCe” {a-a]- TL Ge - ot) 4M(Ce~ Ca) BeCp*Cg*3.184 Two solid steel shafts, each of 30-mm diameter, are connected by the gears PROBLEM 3.154 shown. Kaowing that G = 77 GPa, determine the angle through which end A rotates when a 200-N-m torque T is applied at SOLUTION Calevtahion of torques CiveumPerentiad contact force between gears B ond D pede. Ve fo vs Tor = FE The > 3 (400) = 300 Nem Twist in shaft DE Soe = Eo" = E(0,015)" = 79.522 ™10"" m* bee= 0.5 Tosboe , __ (509 0.5) On ames) atte Rotation ot D Do = Poe = 24.497%10* vad Circomfarential displacement at gear circles S=RQ= tay Rotetion of B ? Bde = FE (ar 4aric?) = 36.78015* va Twist in shaft AB lye = OF # 0.240.440.2 = 0.9m, Tye = 74-522 ¥/0"" m Tas bee . Rov )( 0.7) ie ~s ti. eas = 29.396 x10 ad Rotetion at A Ga = Met ae = 6 THSHIO? + ABIES rad © 6614 Hd nd = 8.79" ~ rn (aa3.155 The angle of rotation of end 4 of the gear-and-shaft system shown must not PROBLEM 3.155 ‘exceed 4°. Knowing thatthe shafts are made of astel for which r= 65 MPa and G~77 GPa, determine the largest torque T which can appl SOLUTION largest torque be safely applied at end 4, Calculation of torque ratio Contact fre F ee Te 2 Te ts Ye sy. Bre Toe = Te? ZT TST Since Darger torque occurs in shat, we tind the torque Limit based on stress in shaft DE vy: Tet. 2Te . QUOT Tt ace To? -——cr:f 3 oe . Tr@an cot: 3 (o.01s)(6S x10) = 227.7 Nem a Twist in shedt DE See = Bots F(0.015)" = T4622 11a wt | Loe = 0.5m , Tor ST ~ Teele | US TIC6S) = wot Pe > CS | (Fro \F-S22"107) ~ oe Rotation at D dp > 122.485 x)0°% T Civcumberanticd clisplacement at gear ciredes S= iado> Vads Rotation af Bo eB. + Blizayasnio*T)> (98.7210 T Twist in shaPt AB = Lyg = 0.190.240.440.2 = 0.9m Qua > Talos « TO) - Gea "(Tio \rqsaawton * (46-982 IOT T Rotation of A Qs he Ge = 183.7280 T + 146.9926 T = 330.7) «lo T Roteti on Binit Qt 4° = 69.813 «107° rad, Enveting 330.7) «lo T= 69.818*/0° 2 T= Zild Nem Limtting toeque is the smaller vadue T= 211 Nem =3.156 A sheet metal strip of width 6 in, and 0.12 in thickness isto be formed into a PROBLEM 3.156 tube of rectangular cross section. Knowing that #y ~ 4 ksi, determine the largest orth ay be api othe tube when) (w= 12in, (w= = 3] SOLUTION perimeter ps Gin * Qwa 2d fe peices Aves, bouncled by centertine OL > wols w(E-w) Urslg « T+ atat= 2tw(P-wie Deta? £= O12, prGin Te 4ke (.) we hs T= BYNES IE) = 2.16 Kiprin ma tb) We ha Te QO WABI) = 207 Kipin ~< Wweto T= @Xo12 Yoo Kd) = 14a kpein = The Pangest abfowable torque corresponds to a square section, 3.187 Two solid brass rods AB and CD are brazed to a brass sleeve EP. Determine PROBLEM 3.157 ‘the ratio dy, for which the same maximum shearing stress occurs inthe rods and in the sleeve, soLution Let c=4d, and ch tde shbt ae To» Ee -20 A TGS 2 si Se ies seat Sten er %> Te . 2Ta tate ates tet For enuad ntsses 22 « STS ci-col = c2c, let x= & xt-1 2% ow xe ren Solve by successive cpproximations starting with Xo= Lo he Wes visa, es fan84 = 1.216 ye VRB = 1.220 thys Rho * NRRL ee YPRATL = 1.201 Ceonveryed) wee naar Bw Be Ra =3.158 One ofthe two hollow stel drive shafts of an ocean finer is 75 m long and has PROBLEM 3.158 the eross section shown, knowing that G = 77 GPa and that the shaft transmits 44 MW to its propeller when rotating at 144 tpm, determine (a) the maximum shearing stress inthe shat, (b) the angle of twist of the shaft. Sele ry | sororos aaa 80 215m, 2 Hae BE 24 ie L Pe 44 Mw = 4axioS Ww Pe : fie = put | x)0% Ne = arkT roa = HE 2978x108 om = 0.140m cys = BE. Mo mm > 0.240 m T= Elat-o) = F(oate’- 0.160") = 10,08 «10% m t= - : eartanto Noe) = 83.9*I0¢ Pas 33.9 MPa ae are L ,_(.9078 +105 VS) get quiod rad = 16.15? ay * BF * Cito Wio08 07)3.189 The shaft 4B is made ofa material whichis elastoplastic with #,~ 12.5 ksi and G=4% 10° psi. For the loading shown, determine (a) the radius of the elastic eore ‘of the shaft, (3) the angle of twist at end B. PROBLEM 3.159 SOLUTION c+ 0.8 in oft mes , free oe SS. Fete = Tosh d= 2.954 Ko. ee py plastic reyion with efustic core ) -4t4). £2. 4-30 B24) - T= $R(-48)« 4-8. 4 - SIGHS) = 9, 38807 & 0.6938 pe (0.69818 LOS) > 0.347 im, « Le Gft = 72 in Ge 410% psi = 4x fo® ksi > Re 2 2h. @G#s472) , 94 ped * FS * TS” eS) 7 OM & = & 1 DPF Se > QHHIE 0. ceaot md = 322° 3.160 Af the 3 kipin. torque aplied to the shat of Prob. 3.159 is removed, PROBLEM 3.160 ‘determine (a) the magnitude and location of the maximum residual shearing stress in the saf, (6) the permanent angle of twist ofthe sha. SOLUTION From the solution of PROBLEM 3.159, at the end of foaling T=3 bps in EE = 0.69318, Prt = 0.64904 red Stresses Tro pro , T= lasek aterPe , Te 12S ks at pre. Undo ading T= -3Kip in G = 4x)0% psi + 4¥ JO" ksi at: = 25-4 Be z-1S.28 si at pre AT = (0.64318 15.28") = 10.59 ksi ot P= fy = TL 2 BTL . @es3X7a) zo 9g = SF 7 TS 7 lesa) ~~ O-SS00F wed Residual Tos > Tina + AT At P=C Tro * 126 ~ 18.78% - 2.78 dst = At pape ts = 125 ~ lo.s4 = Heat ksi Doon = Dud +AP= 0.64404 - 0.55004 = 0.099 vod = 67° =_PROBLEM 3.161 3.161 ‘The composite shaft shown is twisted by applying a torque T at end A. ‘Koowing that the maximum shearing stress i the steel shells 150 MPa, determine the corresponding maximum shearing stress in he akuminam core. Use G= 77 GPa for steel and G= 27 GPa for aluminum. SOLUTION Leb GS, , and U veler te the aluminum core. and Gay Tz, andT refer to the steed Sheff At He outer surface on the stee/ shel? ee Oe eae Sieeeeey 2° G ” Ges At the outer surface of the afuminum core 1248s Z- Matching 2 For both components ts OG, Solving tor Ty aay a By, 03 | 27*10" 40 TTF = 39. 4x10% Pa = 37.4 MPa met + 1S0xjo*

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