New Republic Test Review

Issues of a New Nation George Washington solved problems and set precedents for the
future
Stabilize the economy raise money through protective tariffs and excise taxes, pay off all
government debt
Alexander Hamilton (Secretary of Treasury) created the first national bank
Expand the powers of the federal government expand the power of all branches of
government
Implement a uniform court system passed the Judiciary Act of 1789 to organize the U.S.
Court System
Development of Political Parties
Federalists believed in a strong federal government (Leader: Alexander Hamilton)
Anti-Federalists believed in states rights (Leader: Patrick Henry)
George Washington not part of a party, stated in his Farewell Address that he did not support
political parties
John Adams Federalist president, with Anti-Federalist Vice President Thomas Jefferson
led to 12th Amendment: the Electoral College votes for the President & Vice President
separately
Democratic-Republicans Limited power to the federal government (new name for the AntiFederalists)
Republicans (1854) Opposed the spread of slavery (started by ex-Whigs)
Current day: more conservative, strong federal government
Foreign Policies
Washingtons Farewell Address (1796) U.S. should practice neutrality in foreign affairs
Monroe Doctrine (1823) warned Europe not to colonize in the western hemisphere or the U.S.
will fight back
War of 1812
Causes Violation of American neutrality by others, Desire to expand westward, Strong
American nationalism
Effects Increased American industry, safer westward expansion, Stronger American foreign
policy
Louisiana Purchase (1803) bought from France for $15 million, doubled the size of the U.S.,
gave the U.S. control of the Mississippi River and Port of New Orleans

I, ________________________________________, understand that the New Republic Unit test is on

Tuesday, 12/16/14
(print first and last name)

and that the re-test will be on Thursday, 12/18/14. This study guide is a tool that I can use to

prepare and ensure success.

I, ________________________________________, understand that my child has a test on Tuesday,

12/16/14 and will be
(parent signature)

given an opportunity to improve his/her grade on Thursday, 12/18/14.

EARLY YEARS OF THE NEW NATION (1791 1817)

Northwest Ordinance

This law established a procedure for adding new territories and states to

of 1787

the United States. New states were equal to the original states. The law
also provided free education and banned slavery in the new territories.

George Washingtons

I walk on untrodden ground Washington knew he would be setting a

Presidency

precedent (example) for presidents to follow.

Washington asked for advice from his Cabinet, including Alexander
Hamilton, his Secretary of the Treasury, and Thomas Jefferson, his
Secretary of State.
Farewell Address: Washington encouraged the U.S. to stay neutral and to
form no entangling alliance with other countries. He also warned against
political parties, which could divide the nation.

Political

Washingtons cabinet members disagreed about how much power the

Parties

national government should have. They led different political parties.

Alexander Hamilton and other Federalists believed in a strong national
government (supported a national bank, import tariffs to protect new
American factories). Represented Northerners, urban manufacturers.
Thomas Jefferson and other Democratic-Republicans supported small
government, the rights of the states, and low taxes. Represented the
agricultural, rural South.
Causes: the U.S. wanted to annex Canada from the British and Florida
from the Spanish. British warships were seizing American ships and
impressing American sailors. U.S. was angry with Britain for encouraging
Native American attacks against American settlers on the frontier.
British ships blockaded American ports, blocking American imports. This
encouraged American manufacturing. British troops fought in America
from 1812 -1814. The British burned much of Washington, D.C.

War of 1812
(1812-14)
President Madison

Francis Scott Key wrote The Star Spangled Banner after witnessing
the American victory that defended Fort McHenry from British attack in
Baltimore Harbor.
Andrew Jackson won at the Battle of New Orleans after the peace treaty
was signed.
Result: the Era of Good Feelings, a time when Americans felt greater
nationalism and patriotism and political parties stopped fighting.