TABLE F.1 FORMULAS FOR UNIT CONVERSIONS* ‘Name, Symbol, Dimensions Conversion Formula 1.094 yd = 39.37 in = kem/ 1000 = 108 pm le/5280 = km/3281 39,37 mil = 1000 wm = 107A ‘Speed vy | usr 3.281 f/s = 2.237 mph = 1,944 knots 0.6818 mph = 1.097 km/hr = 0.5925 knots Mass m M 1000 g = slug/14.59 = (metric ton or tonne or Mg)/ 1000 s?/G217R) = kg/2.205 = slug/32.17 = 453.6 = 16.02 = 7000 grains = short ton/2000 = metric ton (tonne) /2208 Density p | M/L? | 1000 kg/m! = 62.43 Ibm/f? = 1.940 slug/ f° = 8.345 Ibm/ gal (US) Foree P| Misr? | 1we= 4448 = 32.17 bm? AUN = kg-m/s? = 0.2248 Ibf = 10°dyne Pressure | M/Lr? | 1 Pa= N/m? = kg/m = 10Sbar = 1.450 10-*IbE/in? = inch H,0/249.1 = 0.007501 torr = 10.00 dyne/ em? 1 atm = 101.3 kPa = 2116 psf = 1.013 bar = 14.70 tin? = 33.90 fof water 29.92 in of mercury = 10.33 m of water = 760 mm of mercury = 760 torr 1 ps = atm/ 14.70 = 6895 kPa = 27.68 in H,0 = $1.71 tore Volume ¥ LP | 1m = 3531? = 10001 = 2642 US. gal 11m = 0.02832 m = 28:32 L = 7.481 US. gal = acre-/43,560 US. gal = 231 in? = barre (petroleum)/42 = 4 US. quarts = 8US. pints 3.785 L = 0.003785 mi? ‘Volume Flow @ B/T | 1mP/s = 35.31 f/s = 2119 cfm = 264.2 gal (US)/s = 15850 gal (USyim_ Lets = 1 A /s = 2832L/s = 7481 gal (US)/s = 448.8 gal (US)/m Mass Flow me | MT | 1ig/s 2.205 tbm/s. 0.06852 slug/s Energyand | MI?/T?) 15 cg:m?/s? = Nim = W's = yolt-coulomb = 0.7376 fbf 478 x 10-4 Btu = 0.2388 cal = 107 erg = kWh/3.600 x 10° I/s = Nem/s = kg-m®/ 5? = 1341 x 10°hp = 0.7376 f-Ibf/s = 1.0 voltampere = 0.2388 cal/s = 9.478 x 10-*Btu/s Pomer Pi | M7? |W {hp = 0.7457 kW = 550 f1DF/s = 33,000 fHIbF/ min = 2544 Btu/h AngularSpesd | @ | 7! _| 1.0 rad/s = 9.549 spm = 0.1591 rev/s Viscosity | M/LT | 1pars = kg/ms = N-s/ m? = 10 poise = 0.02089 Ibf's/1? = 0.6720 Ibm /A-s easel: vy | er | 1m*/s = 10.768 /s = 10% est Viscosity ‘Temperature | 7 © | K=cca2mis =-R/i8 $C = (F-32)/18 °R = °F 4459.67 = 18K | °F = 18C+32(4.2.2, p.16) gravity ee oo Paouwe Yuoure Sanne (€a.2.5,.17) (€4.26,p.19) (4.2.8, p.20) (4.338, p.35) (4.3.36, .35) (Eq. 3.7, p. 38) Pi +2, = pr +22 constant (Eq. 3.76, p.38) (€9.3.76, 9.38) =p. Dvh-Th (2 318,9.45 60319,9.46) (6.3.23, p49) (Eq. 328,p. 51) (£4,336, p. $6) (6a. 4.18, p. 92) SaA. Ute ps 2) Mass flow rate equation n= AV = 90 = [p¥da = [pV - ance 59,p.131) 4 4 Continlty equation li pas p¥-d4=0 (9,524, p.138) (Ba, 5.25, p. 138) (E49, 5.26, p, 142) (€.65, p. 164) J pvdk+ > tgv,— 5. tiv (Bq, 6.6,p. 164) Eq, 4.50, p 109) (Ea. 5.8,p. 131) Energy equation 2 i A Barapa thy Bante ee, thyth, €9.723;9.225) ‘The power equation P=FV=Te (65. 73,9.218) P= tgh = yQh Eq, 7.31, p. 227) Eificiency ofa machine 2 y= aot (€9.7:32;p.227) Pispat Reynolds number (pipe) = YD. pVD. 4Q _ 4h Lanier ape ape (CoE ‘Combined head loss equation m= pehe SKE 1085939) M Dig oe 1.45, p. vis 7 conpones Friston factor / (Resistance coefficient) f ¢ Re<2000 (Eq, 10.34, p. 326) f=— 035 ____ (Re > 3000). 1039, p.331) tog, o(si5+ 24) "37D" Re) Drag force equation e Fo coal) (6a, 115,9.365) Tite fore equation 2 ove nna asTABLE F3 USEFUL CONSTANTS ‘Name of Constant Value ‘Acceleration of gravity = 981 m/s! = 3228/8 ‘Universal gas constant Ry = 8314 kd /lomol © K = 1545 f= Ibf/Tomol "R Standard amospherie pressure Lo atm = 1013 KPa = 14.70 psi = 2116 psf = 33.90 fof water 1160 torr = 1.013 bar Pa ‘Pam = 10.33 m of water = 760 mm of Hg = 29.92 in of TABLER4 PROPERTIES OF AIR {7 = 20°C (68 “F),p = 1 atm) Property ST Units ‘Traditional Units ‘Specific gas constant Ry, = 287.0 /kg *K Rye = 1716 ft + IbE/ slug + °R Density .20ke/ mn? 0.0732 tbm/ A? = 0.00234 slug Specific weight y= NSN/aP -y = 0.0732 8/7? Viscosity p= LBL 10°N + s/n? 381x107 bf «8/18 ‘Kinematic viscosity y= 1st x10 ats y= 168 x10“ f/s Specific heat ratio k= 6/6, = 140 k= o/e,~ 140 Specific heat = 1008 17ka °K 6 = 0241 Bu/Tbm = °R Speed of sound c= MBm/s = 113081/s Sn TABLEES PROPERTIES OF WATER [7 = 15°C (59 °F),p = 1 atm] Property St Units ‘Traditional Units Density = 999 kg/m" p= 624 tbm/f = 194 slog/f ‘Spovifie weight -y = 9800 N/m! y= @AT/ Viscosity 14109 N+ s/n? w= 238x108 te 9/A? Kinematic viscosity v= 1.14 10%m*/s v= 123% 108 8/s ‘Surface tension o = 0.073N/m = 0.0050 Ibf/ ft (water-air) Bulkmodulus ofelasticiy g, = 2.14 10° Pa B= NOx 10% psi TABLEE6 PROPERTIES OF WATER [T = 4°C (39°F), p = 1 atm] Property SI Units “Traditional Units Density 1000 kg/m? 624 Tom/f? = 1.94 slug/ f° Specific weight 9810NN/m Cras Specewcight SN Ee