Effectiveargumentsdependon...

EthosEstablishingCredibility LogosUsingLogic PathosConnectingEmotionally

Youruseofethosconveystoyouraudiencethatyou
are:
informed,intelligent,benevolent,honest
throughtheuseof
EthicalAppeals(Appropriate/FairEthical
Behavior)
Demonstrateknowledgeofyoursubject
Claimauthority(credentials,
qualifications,pastorpresent
experiences)
Useevidencetosupportclaims
Demonstratefairnesstoyouraudience
Uselanguageaccuratelyandrespectfully
Acknowledgetheopposingpoint(s)of
view(anticipatepossibleobjections)
Concedeanypersonalweaknesses/
admitlimitations
Establishcommongroundwithyour
audience
Acknowledgesharedviewpoints
Connectyourargumentto
wellestablishedorwidelyrespectedcore
values/principles
Youruseoflogosallowsyouraudiencetoseeyour
argumentlogically(factsandreason)
Claim+SupportingEvidence
throughtheuseof
LogicalAppeals(Appropriate/FairLogical
Behavior)
HardEvidence
Facts
Statistics
SurveysandPolls
Testimonies,Narratives,Interviews
LogicalStructure
Analogies(Comparison/Contrast)
Precedent
Degree
Reason/CommonSense
InductiveReasoning:Drawinga
generalizationonthebasisofanumberof
specificexamples
Example:Ifyoubecomesickseveral
timesaftereatingshellfish,youwill
likelyconcludethatyouareallergicto
shellfish
DeductiveReasoning:Assuminga
general,widelyheldprinciple(calleda
premise)andthenapplyingthatprinciple
toaspecificcase
Youruseofpathosallowstheaudienceto
emotionally(anger,compassion,patriotism,etc.)
identifywiththesubject/argument
throughtheuseof
EmotionalAppeals(Appropriate/FairEvocations
ofEmotion)
Language
Vividandconcretedescriptive
language
Figurativelanguage
Anecdotes
Personalexperience
Experiencesofothers
Narrative/storytelling
Imagery
Apictureisworth...