Making of Three lines by Henning Ludvigsen

Simple bio
Henning Ludvigsen is a Norwegian digital artist with basic traditional art education and with over 13 years of
experience in digital art, design, and illustration. He is currently working as the Art Director at a computer game
development company in Greece, and is working on personal and external projects during his spare time. He is
living with his girlfriend and fellow digital artist Natascha Roeoesli.
He is an awarded artist, with features in several books from Ballistic Publishing, is featured on dozens of
websites, and to be found as columnist in the sci-fi and fantasy Magazine, ImagineFX from Future Publishing.
He is also running Pixelbrush, a small digital art-community.
www.henningludvigsen.com
www.pixelbrush.net
Step 1 Line art
Ive always been fascinated by realism, and because of this it is really important to me that the base line-art
sketch has got proper proportions. I usually use the old trick by putting a grid on top of a reference photo Ive
shot, and then I copy the same grid onto a blank canvas and start drawing grid by grid from what I see on the
reference photo. I make sure to keep the grid on a separate layer so that I easily can remove the grid at a later
stage, and also keep the drawing on a separate layer underneath the grid. Still, if you are focusing on mastering
human anatomy, this is not the way to go as this is simply more of a way to save some time and making sure
you get a result that is pretty close to your reference photography.

Step 2 Brush usage
Personally I really like using hard edged brushes as they resemble the traditional brushes in both the way of
working and when it comes to the result. On this example, the sample to the left is a basic soft brush, the one
in the middle is a hard edged brush, and the one to the right is a textured pencil brush.
For this painting, I exclusively used a hard edged brush (the sample in the middle).
To make a simple hard edged brush in Photoshop, simply follow these settings:
1: Make sure you have the brush tool selected, and choose a hard edge brush (the ones that looks like a hard
circle.
2: Now open the brushes tab (Windows/brushes). Click the Brush tip shape button and drag the spacing
slider to 10%. If this is set too high, the stroke looks like a row of balls instead of one single stroke, so keeping
the spacing narrow makes the strokes look nice and smooth.

Step 3 Blocking in, and grey scale shading
Once I have the line art version ready, I delete the layer with the grid, and then I make another layer behind the
line art drawing which I fill with a grey value using a hard brush. Once this is done, I collapse those two layers so
that I have the character outline with a solid base on a separate layer.
Now I start adding shape to the character by shading with grey scale tones only by looking closely at the reference
photo. I make sure to have the lock transparent pixels option on the layers palette enabled, as this makes sure I
dont paint outside the character.
I stay away from soft brushes, and prefer using hard edged brushes as it adds more texture to the surfaces and
makes it less old-school airbrush looking.
The reason why I start off in grey scale tones is because I prefer getting the shape up and running before having
to even think about colours. Some like it the other way around and start out with colours. However, you should do
what comes natural to you, and if you dont know yet, why not give both techniques a try?
As I go along using the new hard edged brush, I simply go over the entire character keeping the flow of the brush
low (2-15%). I colour pick (get the eyedropper tool temporarily by pressing Alt while using the paint brush)
directly where Im painting for mixing new values directly to get smooth transitions. For example, if I have a dark
grey-scale tone, and then a brighter one next to this, I will colour pick one of these tones and mix it with the
other, and then colour pick the new tone and paint with this one and continue like this until I have a smooth
transition. This makes the painting look a lot more interesting and dynamic than using the smooth air-brush
looking brushes.

Step 4 Rough colours
Having the grey-scale version of the character in a decent state, I spend some time to find a colour-palette
suitable for the skin tones I would like this piece to have. Some times I base this on previous paintings Ive done,
other times I create completely new ones. This time I wanted to use cold colours, close to porcelain values, so I
made a palette with skin tones with quite a bit of blue and purple in it.
Now I turn on the Lock transparent pixels button on the layers menu so that I dont paint outside the edges of
the character, and set the brush to color mode and start adding rough colours to the character. This is just to
get a base, and will be changed completely once I start shading for real.

Step 5 Rendering colours
Once the rough colourized version is ready, I change the brush mode back to normal and start shading the
entire piece all over again, using the same hard edged brush with low flow. When doing this, its really important
to colour-pick where I am painting as I go along. Instead of mixing colours on the side, I like mixing directly as I
paint, and I also introduce vague values of all kinds of colours all over where Im working. I think this makes the
result appear more dynamic and more interesting as you get all kinds of colour-variations. It also creates some
imperfection which is good in my opinion, especially when working digitally.

Step 6 More details, and background
After spending quite some time shading skin tones, fabrics folds, texture work and hair, the time has come to add
a background and extra elements.
After trying a couple of more crazy alternatives, going for a simple approach is usually what is best, so I figured
that I wanted to keep the background simple. The dark shadow in the top left is aiding the impression that she is
partially standing in the shadow, and by breaking up the shadow with the three extruded lines in the wall, this
added a little bit of depth to something is a basic, flat wall.

Step 7 Finishing the piece
Once almost done, I go over the entire piece checking details and that ambient colours are right.

Step 8 Add grain
The last thing I do is to add a noise grain on top of everything. This to make the piece look less computer painted,
and to add some imperfection to the values. If you look closely at a digital photo, you will see that there are not
real clean values, each surface usually has got some grain to it.
I follow these steps when making a noise grain:
1: Make a new layer on top of everything.
2: Fill this layer with this value of grey: R=128, G=128, B=128
3: Set the layer blending option from Normal to Overlay. This will make the layer with the grey scale fill appear
100% transparent.
4: Now add a noise to this layer (Filter/Noise/Add noise), and set it to 400%, Gaussian.
5: Run filter: Filter/Brush strokes/Spatter a couple of times to break up the noise patterns.
6: Run filter: Filter/Blur/Blur.
7: Set the layer Opacity to 5-10%, depending on what looks best.
Talk about this making of on our Forum >>