P-1

Problema: 8.9.1
En un proceso de fabricacin de cido ntrico se oxida catalticamente NH3, los reactantes se
cargan a 980 C Cul ser el calor de reaccin si los productos salen a 980 C?

3( ) 2( ) ( ) 2 ( )
4 4 6
g g g g
NH O NO H O + +
Si se alimentan 1000 Kg. De NH3, con 20 % de exceso de oxgeno, y en el convertidor se
produce un 85 % de conversin del NH3.
Datos:
Componentes Hf (Kcal/gmol) Cpm (Kcal/gmol.C)
NH3 -10,96 0,01167
O2 0 0,00788
H2O -57,79 0,00923
NO +21,6 0,00776


( )
3
1 ...980 NH C
( )
2
3
2
980 .... 3
...................
.................. NH
..................O
C NO
H O

( )
2
2 ...980 O C
1.
3 3
1 3
3
3
1
1000 1000 58,82353
17
NH NH
KmolNH
M Kg N KgNH Kmoles
KgNH
= = =
3
1
58,82353
NH
N Kmoles =
2. % Exceso
( )
2
20 O =
( )
2 2
2 2
2
2
2
2
3
3
5
4
100 20 1, 2 1, 2 (58,82353KmolesNH
1
T
O O T
O O T
O
KmolesO
N N
N N
N KmolNH

= = =

2
2
88, 2353
O
N Kmoles =
Rx Qumica:

3( ) 2( ) ( ) 2 ( )
4 4 6
g g g g
NH O NO H O + +

3( ) 2( ) ( ) 2 ( )
5 3
1 1
4 2
g g g g
NH O NO H O + +








Balance de energa en un sistema abierto y estado estable

( ) 0 0 0
0
980
980
0
i
i
T
s A i A A Rx T
T
Q W N Cp dT H N X u
=
=
= A

}

( )
( )
0 0
0 ............. 1
A A Rx T
Q H N X = A
Dnde:
( ) ( )
( )
25
25
.............. 2
T
Rx T Rx C
H H CpdT

A = A + A
}

Hallando:

( ) 2 2
2 2
25
i i O NO H O
f O f NO f H O f Rx C
i
H H H H H u u u u

A = A + A + A + A

( )
( ) ( ) ( )
25
3 3 3
5 3
1 10,96 0 1 21, 6 57, 79
4 2
Rx C
Kcal Kcal Kcal
H
molNH molNH molNH

| | | | | |
| | | |
A = + + +
| | | | |
\ . \ .
\ . \ . \ .


( ) 25
3
54,125
Rx C
Kcal
H
molNH

A =

( ) ( )
2
25 25
......................... 3
T T
CpdT T T dT o | A = A + + A
} }


3
3 3
3
2
2 2
3
3
2
2 2
3
58,82353
1
58,82353
88, 2353
1, 5
58,82353
0
0
58,82353
0
0
58,82353
NH
NH NH
NH
O
O O
NH
NO
NO NO
NH
H O
H O H O
NH
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
u u
u u
u u
u u
= = =
= = =
= = =
= = =
3 3
3 3
3 3
3 3
1
1
1
5
5
4
1 4
1
1
1
3
3
2
1 2
NH NH
NH NH
NH NH
NH NH
u u
u u
u u
u u
= =
= =
= + =
= + =
Hallando Cp A :

3 3 2 2 2 2
i i NH NH O O NO NO H O H O
o uo u o u o u o u o A = = + + +

( ) ( )
3 3 3
3
5
1 0, 01167 0, 00788 1 0, 00776
. 4 . .
3
0, 00923
2 .
Kcal Kcal Kcal
molNH C molNH C molNH C
Kcal
molNH C
o
| | | | | |
| |
A = + +
| | | |

\ .
\ . \ . \ .
| |
| |
+
| |

\ .
\ .


5
3
8, 5 10
.
Kcal
molNH C
o

A =

0; 0 0
0; 0 0
i i i
i i i
o u | | |
u
A = = = A =
A = = = A =

Cp o A = A
Reemplazando en (3)

( )( )
980 980
5 5
25 25
8, 5 10 8, 5 10 980 25 CpdT dT

A = =
} }


980
25
3
0, 081175
Kcal
CpdT
molNH
A =
}

Reemplazando en (2)

3
( )
3
54,125 0, 081175
Rx T
Kcal Kcal
H
molNH molNH
A = +

( )
3
54, 04383
Rx T
Kcal
H
molNH
A =
Reemplazando en (1)
( )
3
3
0 54, 04383 58823,53 (0,85)
Kcal
Q molesNH
molNH
| |
=
|
\ .

2702191,527 Q Kcal =

Segundo mtodo
Datos:
2
3
3
2
58,82353
88, 2353
0,85
O
NH
NH Kmoles
N Kmoles
X
=
=
=

Rx Qumica:

3( ) 2( ) ( ) 2 ( )
5 3
1 1
4 2
g g g g
NH O NO H O + +
Balance de Materia

( )( )
3 3 3
2 2
2 2
1
2
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
0,85 0,85 58,82353 50
5
4
50 62,5
1 lNH
1
50 50
1
3
2
50 75
1
Rx Rx
NH NH NH
Rx Rx
O O
Rx Rx
NO NO
Rx Rx
H O H O
N N N Kmol
KmolO
N KmolNH N Kmol
Kmo
KmolNO
N KmolNH N Kmol
KmolNH
KmolH O
N KmolNH N Kmol
KmolNH
= = =
= =
= =
= =

Componentes Entran (E) Reaccionan (Rx) Salida (S)

3
NH
58,8235 50 Kmol 8,8235 Kmol

2
O 88,2353 62,5 Kmol 25,7353 Kmol
NO 0 50 Kmol 50 Kmol

2
H O 0 75 Kmol 75 Kmol

Balance de entalpa (sistema isotrmico)

( )
R
Rx T P R
Q H N H H

( = A +A A



( ) ( )
25 25
. . . . ......... 1
P P
i i i i
T T
P R S E
i f i f i P i P
Q n H n H n C dT n C dT

= A A +

} }

Hallando por partes:

2
2
. . .
i NO H O
P Rx Rx
i f NO f H O f
n H N H N H

A = A + A

2 2
. (50000 )(24,6 / ) (75000 )( 57,79 / )
i
P
i f
n H molNO Kcal molNO molH O Kcal molH O

A = +

. 3254250
i
P
i f
n H Kcal

A =

3 23
3 2
. . .
i NH O
R Rx Rx
i f NH f O f
n H N H N H

A = A + A

3 2
3
. (50000 )( 10, 96 ) (62500molO )(0)
i
R
i f
Kcal
n H molNH
molNH

A = +

. 548000
i
R
i f
n H Kcal

A =

3 3 2 2 2 2
980
25 25
.
P
i
T
S S S S S
i P NH NH O O NO NO H O H O
n C dT N Cp N Cp N Cp N Cp dT ( = + + +
} }



980
25 25
. (1386, 014409) 1386, 014409(980 25)
P
i
T
S
i P
n C dT dT = =
} }


25
. 1323643, 761
P
i
T
S
i P P
n C dT H Kcal = A =
}


3 3 2 2
980
25 25
. . .
R
i
T
E E E
i P NH NH O O
n C dT N Cp N Cp dT ( = +
} }

| |
980
25 25
. (58823,5)(0, 01167) (88235,3)(0, 00788)
R
i
T
E
i P
n C dT dT = +
} }


25
. 1381, 764409 (1381, 764409)(980 25)
R
i
T
E
i P
Kcal
n C dT dT Kcal
C
(
= =
(

}


25
. 1319585, 011
R
i
T
E
i P R
n C dT H Kcal = A =
}

Reemplazando en (1)
( 3254250 548000) 1323643, 761 1319585, 011 Q ' = + +
2702191, 25 Q Kcal =

| |
980
25 25
. (8823,5)(0, 01164) (25735,3)(0, 00788) (50000)(0, 00776) (75000)(0, 00923)
P
i
T
S
i P
n C dT dT = + + +
} }