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Hidden Da

Vincis


By Angie Maldonado




Table of Contents
1.What is a function?
2.Linear Function.. Slide
3.Quadratic Function.Rainbow
4.Exponential Function. Growth of
Human Population
5.Logarithmic Function.. pH Levels
6.Probability and Statistics.. Ice-Cream
Shop



What is a function?
A function is the relationship between a set of inputs and a set of
outputs. In a function whatever your input is must be related to the
output. Your input will always be your x and your output will
always be a y. Your input can be either negative or positive
depending on your scenario, likewise with your output. Real world
examples will not have negative inputs or outputs because real
world problems always hit the earth and they never hit below the
earth. Functions are defined by a formula, and all functions are
used to describe the ways in which change can occur in a scenario
or a real life problem.









Linear Function
A linear function is a function that makes a straight line when it is
graphed. The equation used is y=mx+b. Y is what your equation
equals to, M is your slope or rate of change which helps you either
go rise over run, down or up or left to right. If your M is positive
then your slope will go upward, if your M is negative then your
slope will go downward. X is an independent variable, and B is your
initial height you start with; it is the y-intercept which means that
your line crosses through this number on the y-intercept.
Words: A slide is an example of a real world linear function. As seen
in the table below your height decreases -1 because the slope is
down one over one. Which means that your m will be -1 because -1
divided by 1 is 1. And your b is 10 because b is your starting point
and b is also the point where you cross the y-axis.
Equation: y=-1x=10










Length Height
0 0
1 10
2 9
3 8
4 7
5 6
6 5
7 4
8 3
9 2
10 1
-1
Length in feet
H
e
i
g
h
t

i
n

f
e
e
t

-1
Quadratic Function
A quadratic function is a function
where the highest exponent of the
variable x is squared. Quadratics
always look like an arch either facing
upward or downward depending on
their positive or negative slope. The
equation is y=a(x-h)
2
+k. Y is your
plotted point in the graph, A is the
number you are trying to solve/find when you do your work and it
also tells you whether your graph is facing upward or down ward .X
is your plotted point in the graph and it is also the length of your
parabola. H is your midpoint of the parabola, and K is the height of
your parabola.
Words: A rainbow is a real world example of a parabola. As seen in
the work below, you see that you have the measurements of a
rainbow that state that the rainbow is 3,000 feet tall and 900 feet
wide. Y is either my starting or ending point of the parabola. I chose
starting because x and y both equal zero. Your goal in a quadratic
formula is to find A. H is the width of the rainbow and K is you
height of the rainbow. To find your equation you must solve for A.
When you solve for A you later on have your answer and you know
if your parabola either faces upward or downward.
Equation: y=0.003(x-900)
2
+3000







y=a(x-h)
2
+k
0=a (0-900)2+3000
0= (-900)2+3000
0=a 810,000+3000
-3000 -3000
-3000=a 810,000
810,000 810.000
a=-0.003
y=0.003(x-900)
2
+3000
Width of the rainbow
H
e
i
g
h
t

o
f

t
h
e

r
a
i
n
b
o
w

Exponential Function
An exponential function is a function that shows
either a rapid increase or a rapid decrease in a
scenario. Exponential growth functions are used to
show population in either growth or decay. The
general equation of an exponential is y=a (b)
x
. Y is
what the equation equals to, A is your initial
starting point which is the first number you start with, B is your
multiplying ratio which is the number that multiplies each time to
get the following number. X is the number you insert on the input
of your table (x) to get the output of your table (y).
Words: The amount of growth of human population is an example of
an exponential function because it is an exponential function that
grows rapidly. A is our starting point which is 2,555, B is our
multiplying ratio which is the number that multiplies each time to
receive the following number, and X is the number you put from
your input to receive the output. Once you have an equation like
the one below you then start with 2,555 and then you multiply
1.18. Then you receive a number and then you again multiply 1.18
and you keep repeating this process.
Equation: y=2555(1.18)
x





Amount
Of
Years
Humans
in
billions
1950 2,555
1960 3,039
1970 3,707
1980 4,457
1990 5,284
2000 6,080
Amount of years
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

h
u
m
a
n
s

i
n

b
i
l
l
i
o
n
s

X 1.18
Logarithmic Function
A Logarithmic Function is a function that is similar to an
exponential but is not. A logarithm does grow like an exponential
but at a certain period of time it stops to grow or it grows at a slow
rate rather than an exponential rate. It is more of a natural way of
viewing the world and what can occur in many circumstances.
Words: The amount of pH levels on certain liquids is an example of
a logarithmic function in the real world. The B is a subscript, the
Log is a basic for to write logs, and the Y is your y-intercept, and
the X is your x-intercept. Unlike an exponential function, as seen as
the graph below, the logarithmic function may get close to the x and
y lines but it never touches the actual axis.
Equation: pH=-log (h)

pH Scale Amount of
Hydrogen
Ions
0 10,000,000
1 1,000,000
2 100,000
3 10,000
4 1,000
5 100
6 10
7 1
8 0.1
9 0.001
10 0.0001


Amount of Hydrogen Ions
p
H

l
e
v
e
l
s

Probability and Statistics
Friday was the seventh day of the heat wave with temperatures over 95, and
DJs Gourmet Ice-Cream Shop had only five flavors left: chocolate fudge,
French Vanilla, maple nut, lemon custard, and blueberry delight. Some
customers ordered their ice cream in cones and some in a dish, but everyone
ordered three scoops, the maximum DJ was allowing to ensure that the
inventory would last.
Since the order does not matter, this problem is considered a combination
problem. So you will format your equation like n all over n-r. N represents that
amount you have and R represents the amount you want. Once you substitute
your numbers it will look like 5! All over (5-3)2! and you are left with 51 all over
You then eliminate common numbers and your answer comes out to be 10
outcomes.
On Saturday, the temperature hit 100. DJ still had five flavors, but he decided
to allow no more than one scoop of a particular flavor per customer in order to
keep a balanced variety on hand
This problem is an example of combination because the customers can only
chose one flavor but they have to choose a flavor from three other flavors. It will
eventually come out to be 5!! All over (5-1) 1! And once you solve this it comes
out to be 5 outcomes.
On Friday, the customers had more choices because they could order a cone
(which most people eat from the top down) or a dish (where scoops can be
eaten in any order) and they could have different flavors or more than one
scoop of their favorite.
Since the customers had the chance to eat from the bottom to the top order did
matter. In a situation when order does matter we use the equation of a
permutation. So we substitute it all the necessary numbers to the equation
which is n! all over (n-r) which you insert all of the necessary numbers and
when you have solved it you receive an outcome of 60.
DJs advertises Over100 Choices! When his customer complained that he did
not have 100 flavors, he responded, But I still offer over 100 choices! Was
that true on both days?
This was true for only the first day. To know if he was truthful or not you
multiply both outcomes that you receive on Friday which are 10 times 600
which gives you an outcome for 600 choices which is fantastic because it went
above and beyond the necessary 100 choices. For the second day this was not
true because both outcomes on Saturday were 5 and 5. When multiplied you
receive 25 outcomes which does not meet the requirements of over 100 choices.

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