Section 2: Glasses Introduction Commercial Optical Glasses Specialty Optical Glasses Fused Silica Fluoride Glasses Chalcogenide Glasses Magnetooptic Properties Electrooptic Properties Elastooptic Properties 2.10 Nonlinear Optical Properties 2.11 Special GlassesSection 2 GLASS 2.1 Introduction Classification and Designation Optical glasses are characterized and desi he most common measure is the relractive index al the wavelength of the He d Tine (5 fam) of the Na D ling (389.3 nm). ‘The diflerene2 in the reftaetive index at the hydr UU86 | nin) and C1656 3 ny fin nated by their seftactive index and dispersion, rnp — ne is called t ratio (ny —n¢}(ny ~ 1) is called the geletive dispersion: the reciprocal of this qu Abbe number Ys yy ty Tiny =n6 A useful code for Finan designation, This is a sis-digit number where the first three digits desi infoxmation on a specific optical the reltactive index ng sith the preceding “I” omitted and the list three digits designate the Abbe number yg with the decimal point omitted, Thus a borosilicate gloss BK. 7 having an ng ~ 1.$1680 and vq 64.47 has a designation S47 6 Gilasses having ng > 1.60, vg > 50 oF ng < 1.60, vg ® $5 are called “crown” (K) glass; other lasses arg called “Hint” (F). ‘These letters, plas others, ate usually contained in the manu Iacturer's designation of optical glasses. Representative manulzeturer’s des nations types, andl principal compositional compo : are given in Table 2.1.1. Designations vary with the country of ofigin and some alternate designations are given in parentheses. “Light” or “dense” indicate the relative amounts of hi oxides such as PbO or LaaO5, Glasses with prefises U or IR denote exten: infrared transmitting glasses. Other designators are used fo such as LG-laser glass, FIR Faraday rotator glass, and AO—acoustooptic g ultraviolet or cial applications. Various manutiacta Lass use their own designations. Table nis af major components. The 1s of multicomponent optical lales these designations to actual composition i table is comprehensive for Schott Optical Glass Ine. (Duryea, PA}, Hoya Gilass Works Lid Llapan}, Dhara Optical Glass Manufacturing Company, and Chane ‘on (England) ilass Works (France! uses another forn) af identification in lass type dos not play as sign (Couning is presemed in Vabie 2.4.2 alass designations, Corn anta role in the name, A erass-reference chat fiom Tete ave mote than 200 types of optical rally availble or available on short notice, and others are available on request presents properties of representative types of glasses that are zenerally preferred or standard Data are for Schott glasses; however, as indieated in Tolble 2.1.2, comparable are offered by other companies. Most optical glasses are oxides: only a few non lasses, Same are always available, others are oxide optical wlasses sueh as heavy metal Muorides and ehaleogenides are available eons mercially, Some of these ate includ as specially glasses in Section 2,3Table 2.1.1 jon, Type. sind Major Compositions ‘of Optical Glasses Components, Ty Composition ‘H horse Dian eR Pa Hues All sRI-ME Las Prk FHuropospac P06 A REM 7 Hosea Zee RENIFS4ALLales rite heroes SOMb0-KOKF ikanse boston tan S010, 040 rite Posse sto Paes: 0-0 PSKIDPC,PCD!———Desse php conn POs BAO r0.MO Kich Cros S107 R040 7RI20. 20) Zen Si0x5034700 BkiUAe, LUC) bar ee Si0.10,09- 840-80 SK¢DHE, HCD! Dees hom en Somto.nw SSKIEDIC, batredense bramtonn——SiO-B05-B90 Lakit¢,LaCky Lanna sn :04Si0s4L,05-Z00.MO Lsk Dessehnsianum eon B,04(SH05}-a05-Z90-MO ask Spec ong en Bs0eAiOvAts Vik Tamu eon ‘ rio ine }si0008,03)-110>-Ah05-KF sre Dense tau fin ric, SOP Star tie SOHO ss0-Sb205 orSADPY Dense sh in B:0x1AR0s PROMO rich. CHD) roe LLFAILE FEL tra ig hn hat Ligh }si0r 220 Pho-MO HDF FD) fn SHEDE, EDS» Dens int Sts Spocal dense flint }si0o-R0.-MO-TIOy WaLELBC. BCL) Lapham ak BE. FB Baron fine ¥ siost8s05-H00.00.800 ISHDBE, FDL Dense art Mr Lanitart Cau i 03/5105 Laos MO-NO Las Dome atianis fist U304SIOSHLa90eMO-TRO XK Fanon aH Fans By0r 20MGLY s04-TANDHOS ask Dons anal int 301220546, 50 r(TaNDIOs Not ‘ion is B:0¢La0¢Z90-Nbx0s Nast Dense bio it by0wSiOHLnOs-Z004 T2115 Rand M denote one or move alkal o alkaline eathelemens, respectively