MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

We use it to make a deduction about somet in! t at as a""ened# We $ee% &uite su'e about it# E(am"%e) I$ *ou can+t $ind *ou' ca' ke*s *ou must a,e %e$t t em in t e ouse#

CA-+T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

We a'e makin! a deduction about somet in! t at didn+t a""en in t e "ast based on "'esent e,idence# E(am"%e: He can+t a,e $a%%en in %o,e .it e'# S e+s ma''ied#

SH/UL0 HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

Use it to e("'ess t e idea t at somet in! .as desi'ab%e o' needed but didn+t take "%ace# E(am"%e) I s ou%d a,e ca%%ed *ou *este'da* but I $o'!ot# S ou%dn+t a,e) Somet in! took "%ace but it .asn+t desi'ab%e) You s ou%dn+t a,e d'unk so muc # -o. *ou $ee% te''ib%e#

-EE0-+T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

It+s t e o""osite meanin! to 1s ou%d a,e+# It indicates t at somet in! .as done but it .asn+t necessa'*# T e "e'son . o did it t ou! t it .as necessa'*# E(am"%e) You needn+t a,e bou! t mo'e mi%k# We+,e !ot too muc #

MI>HT4MAY4C/UL0 HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

Use t em to sa* t at somet in! .as "ossib%e in t e "ast but .e a'e not su'e# E(am"%e) I t ink I sa. Sa%%* at t e cinema but I mi! t 4ma* 4cou%d a,e been .'on!# It .as ,e'* da'k# E2ERCISE C oose t e co''ect o"tion#

MI>HT4C/UL0 HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

Use t em to sa* t at somet in! .as "ossib%e in t e "ast but .e kno. t at it didn+t in $act a""en# E(am"%e) I$ Ma'* adn+t been t e'e? m* son mi! t4cou%d a,e $a%%en do.n and u't imse%$# He .as so %uck*# 3-You can+t4must have been upset when you heard the news. Its terrible! 5-You needn+t4s ou%d have come to Martins birthday party yesterday. It was fantastic. 6-Michael needn+t4can+t have broken that window. He hasnt been here for three days. 7- his lamp can+t4must have been on all ni!ht. Its burnin!. "e careful. #o not touch it. 8-$nn is very annoyed. You s ou%d4cou%d have seen her face this afternoon when she answered the phone. 9-You must4cou%d have missed the train if I hadnt woken you up on time. :-%arol looks e&hausted today. 'he s ou%d4must have been workin! until late last ni!ht. ;-You certainly can+t4s ou%d have been cryin!. Your eyes dont look red at all. hey look (uite normal to me. <-You needn+t4cou%dn+t have phoned him to tell him about the cancellation. I phoned him myself last ni!ht. 3=-)e went to the theatre last ni!ht. You cou%d4s ou%d have seen that play. It was absolutely !reat. 33-It mi! t4can+t have been rainin! because the pavement looks a bit wet to me. 35-You cou%dn+t4s ou%dn+t have talked to Mandy like that. *ow shes very upset. 36- eresa can+t4needn+t have heard the phone rin!in!. 'hes !ot her headphones on.

KEY

3@You must a,e been u"set . en *ou ea'd t e ne.s# It+s te''ib%eA 5@You s ou%d a,e come to Ma'tin+s bi't da* "a't* *este'da*# It .as $antastic# 6@Mic ae% can+t a,e b'oken t at .indo.# He asn+t been e'e $o' t 'ee da*s# 7@T is %am" must a,e been on a%% ni! t# It+s bu'nin!# Be ca'e$u%# 0o not touc it# 8@Ann is ,e'* anno*ed# You s ou%d a,e seen e' $ace t is a$te'noon . en s e ans.e'ed t e " one# 9@You cou%d a,e missed t e t'ain i$ I adn+t .oken *ou u" on time# :@Ca'o% %ooks e( austed toda*# S e must a,e been .o'kin! unti% %ate %ast ni! t# ;@You ce'tain%* can+t a,e been c'*in!# You' e*es don+t %ook 'ed at a%%# T e* %ook &uite no'ma% to me# <@You needn+t a,e " oned im to te%% im about t e cance%%ation# I " oned im m*se%$ %ast ni! t# 3=@We .ent to t e t eat'e %ast ni! t# You s ou%d a,e seen t at "%a*# It .as abso%ute%* !'eat# 33@It mi! t a,e been 'ainin! because t e "a,ement %ooks a bit .et to me# 35@You s ou%dn+t a,e ta%ked to Mand* %ike t at# -o. s e+s ,e'* u"set# 36@Te'esa can+t a,e ea'd t e " one 'in!in!# S e+s !ot e' ead" ones on# 37@I .onde' . * .e u''ied# We ad "%ent* o$ time# We needn+t a,e u''ied so muc # 38@M* siste' mi! t a,e $ai%ed t e e(am# S e asn+t studied $o' it at a%%#