UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS Y AMBIENTALES U.D.C.

A FACULTAD CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD PROGRAMA ACADMICO MEDICINA (CURSO PREMDICO) PROGRAMA NCLEO TEMTICO QUMICA
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ACTIVIDAD 1
Ionic bond activity Read, see and solve: List of Ionic Bonds Examples

Ionic bonding is one type of chemical bonding which occurs when there is a transfer of electrons between a metal element and a non-metal element. Here are some examples of ionic bonds, short description of the elements, and their common uses. Ionic bonding is an interesting topic in Chemistry. It teaches students how the combination of two different elements creates a new compound which may or may not carry similar characteristics displayed by the parent elements. Students are also taught how to name the new compound, which is quite easy when using the periodic table. About Ionic Bonding Ionic bonding, a type of chemical bonding, generally happens between metal and non-metal elements. There is usually the transfer of electrons between the two elements. The element which losses the electron becomes positively charged, and the one which gains the electrons becomes negatively charged. Because of these opposing charges, electrostatic fo rces hold them together to form an ionic compound. These ionic compounds have similar characteristics such as dissolving easily in water, can form into crystals at high melting temperatures and capable of conducting electricity in solution. Naming them is done by naming the metal element first, followed by the nonmetal element, such as in sodium chloride, magnesium oxide and calcium chloride, to name a few. Common Examples of Ionic Bonds Table Salt (NaCl) Sodium is a silvery-white metal and clorine a yellowish-green non-metal. The most common and most popular example of ionic bonds is the combination of these two elements which produces sodium chloride, commonly known as the table salt. In this ionic bonding, an electron from the sodium atom is transferred to the chlorine atom which creates oppositely charged chloride and sodium atoms. With the electrostatic forces holding them together, they become sodium chloride. This is a

UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS Y AMBIENTALES U.D.C.A FACULTAD CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD PROGRAMA ACADMICO MEDICINA (CURSO PREMDICO) PROGRAMA NCLEO TEMTICO QUMICA
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fascinating example of chemical bonding since it shows that two potentially harmful elements like sodium and chlorine, when combined, can become something safe for human consumption. Calcium Chloride (CaCl) Calcium is a metal which is silvery gray in color. Chlorine, on the other hand, is a yellowish-green non-metal. The transfer of electrons between chlorine and calcium results in the formation of the ionic compound known as calcium chloride. CaCl has several uses in various industries. In construction it can be used in soil solidification. It enhances dye retention in paper manufacturing. It helps in highway maintenance in the control of ice or snow. And in medicine, it can be used in the treatment of patients with low levels of calcium in the blood. Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Magnesium is a silvery-white metal, and oxygen is a gas which is colorless. Magnesium oxide is the result of oxygen and magnesium combined. In medicine, it is incorporated as a food supplement. In other industries, it is used as a component in fiberglass, cements, steels and alloys. Potassium Bromide (KBr) Potassium is a metal, silvery-white in color. It easily decomposes when exposed to water, and it also catches fire easily during this reaction. Bromide, a non-metal, is a liquid with reddish-brown color. As one of the examples of ionic bonds, the chemical bonding that occurs between bromide and potassium produces potassium bromide. KBr has uses in veterinary medicine as a treatment for animals with epilepsy. It is also utilized in photographic plates and paper manufacturing. Summarize briefly the previous reading, maximum 10 lines.

To answer:
1. When one atom transfers one or more valence electrons to another atom, a(n) __________ is formed. a. covalent bond b. ionic bond c. metallic bond d. dipole bond 2. In general, bonds between a metal and a nonmetal are a. covalent b. ionic c. metallic

UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS Y AMBIENTALES U.D.C.A FACULTAD CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD PROGRAMA ACADMICO MEDICINA (CURSO PREMDICO) PROGRAMA NCLEO TEMTICO QUMICA
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d. polar bond 3. Any halogen needs __________ additional electron(s) to complete its octet. a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 4. When forming bonds, metals tend to a. gain electrons b. lose electrons c. lose protons d. gain protons 5. All alkaline earth metals have __________ valence electrons and form ions with a __________ charge. a. 2, +2 b. 1, +1 c. 2, 2 d. 2, +1 6. An ionic bond forms between a. two atoms that are sharing electrons to complete their respective octets b. two atoms that independently have full octets c. positive ions and negative ions d. two atoms that are positive ions 7. Generally, alkali metals need to __________ to complete their octets. a. do nothing (as they already have a full octet) b. gain 7 valence electrons c. lose 1 valence electron d. lose 2 valence electron

UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS Y AMBIENTALES U.D.C.A FACULTAD CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD PROGRAMA ACADMICO MEDICINA (CURSO PREMDICO) PROGRAMA NCLEO TEMTICO QUMICA
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8. The force between two points of opposite electrical charge can be calculated using a. Newton's laws of motion b. Coulomb's law c. Law of Conservation of Mass d. metallic bond 9. Given the following table of ionic radii, calculate the relative strength of the bond in NaCl. Ion Radius in angstroms Na+ 0.97 Cl 1.81

a. 0.57 b. 0.65 c. 0.13 d. 0.97 10. Given the following table of ionic radii, which compound, SrS or NaCl, has the greater strength in its ionic bond? Ion Na+ Cl Sr+2 2 S Radius in angstroms 0.97 1.81 1.12 1.90

a. SrS b. NaCl c. Neither as both have the same bond strength d. SrNa2 Good luck!

UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS Y AMBIENTALES U.D.C.A FACULTAD CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD PROGRAMA ACADMICO MEDICINA (CURSO PREMDICO) PROGRAMA NCLEO TEMTICO QUMICA
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ACTIVIDAD 2
CLASIFICA DE LA SIGUIENTE LISTA LOS COMPUESTOS TENIENDO EN CUENTA SU FUNCION QUIMICA HCL SO3 HNO3 CaCO3 HCL SO3 HNO3 CaCO3 CO2 CaH2 Na2O LiH CO2 CaH2 Na2O LiH KOH MgO H2SO3 NaHS CaOHBr FeO CuCl2 KHSe NiOHCO3 AlH3 Co(OH)3 BeBr2 Au2O3 KMnO4 AgI Cl2O H3PO4 Pt(OH)4 HI P2O5 KOH MgO H2SO3 NaHS CaOHBr FeO CuCl2 KHSe NiOHCO3 AlH3 Co(OH)3 BeBr2 Au2O3 KMnO4 AgI Cl2O H3PO4 Pt(OH)4 HI P2O5 OXIDO BASICO MO OXIDO ACIDO MO M(OH) BASE O HIDROXIDO HIDRACIDO HM OXACIDO HMO SAL NEUTRA MM[O] SAL ACIDA MHM[O] SAL BASICA MOHM[O]

HIDRURO MH