Test Proyectivos, Aplicacion Al Diagnostico y Tratamiento Clinico

U
TESTS PROYECTIVOS:
Aplicacin al diagnstico
y tratamiento clnicos
Maria Vives Gomila
Psicologia, 2
TESTS PROYECTIVOS:
APLICACIN AL DIAGNSTICO
Y TRATAMIENTO CLNICOS
Maria Vives Gomila
Psicologia, 2
1',&(
35(6(17$&,1
$*5$'(&,0,(1726
,1752'8&&,1
&$378/2,/267(676352<(&7,926
,QWURGXFFLyQ
(OFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQ
6LJQLFDGRGHOWpUPLQRSUR\HFFLyQHQ3VLFRORJtD
(OFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQHQOD2EUDGH6)UHXG
(OFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQHQORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
/D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYDGH/$EW\/%HOODN
1DWXUDOH]DGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
'HVDUUROORGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
/DSUXHEDGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDVGH&*-XQJ
(OWHVWGH3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGH+5RUVFKDFK
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVWHPiWLFRV
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV
(OWHVWGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQD
(OWHVWGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQD
(O'LEXMRGHOD)DPLOLD
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVIRUPXODGDVSRU'$Q]LHX
&RQVLGHUDFLRQHVHIHFWXDGDVSRU-(%HOO
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVSURSXHVWDVSRU65RVHQ]ZHLJ
7HRUtDVFRQODVTXHVHYLQFXODQ
/D7HRUtD3VLFRDQDOtWLFD
/D*HVWDOW
/D3VLFRORJtD&RJQLWLYD
'LIHUHQFLDVHQWUHWpFQLFDV\WHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
&ODVLFDFLyQGHORVSULQFLSDOHVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
&ODVLFDFLyQGH/.)UDQN
/DFODVLFDFLyQGH+-(\VHQFN
/DVFDWHJRUtDVGH'$Q]LHX
/DVFODVLFDFLRQHVGH6HPHRQRII\/LQGVH\
/DGLYLVLyQSODQWHDGDSRU5)HUQiQGH]%DOOHVWHURV
/DSURSXHVWDGH*$JXLUUH
3ULQFLSDOHVUHYLVLRQHVHIHFWXDGDVVREUHHOXVRGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
,QYHVWLJDFLRQHVUHDOL]DGDVSRU,%:HLQHU
$SRUWDFLRQHVGH5)UDQNGH9HUWKHO\
5HYLVLyQGH5)HUQiQGH]%DOOHVWHURV
%LEOLRJUDItD

7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
&$378/2,,(/7(67'(36,&2',$*167,&2'(5256&+$&+
,QWURGXFFLyQ
3UHVHQWDFLyQ\FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODVOiPLQDV
0HWRGRORJtDXWLOL]DGDSRU+5RUVFKDFK
&RQVLJQD\SURFHGLPLHQWR
)DFWRUHVGHODSUXHED
7LSRVGHDQiOLVLVLQWHUSUHWDWLYRV
$FRQWHFLPLHQWRVSHUVRQDOHV\VRFLRSURIHVLRQDOHVTXHLQX\HQHQODFUHDFLyQGHODSUXHED
)RUPDFLyQDUWtVWLFD\FOtQLFDGHODXWRU
,QWHUpVSRUGLIHUHQFLDUODHVTXL]RIUHQLDGHRWUDVHQIHUPHGDGHVPHQWDOHV
'HVFXEULPLHQWRGHOSVLFRDQiOLVLVDWUDYpVGHODREUDGH&*-XQJ
7HRUtDGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGLQLFLDGDSRU5RUVFKDFK3ULQFLSDOHVHVWLORVGHUHVSXHVWD
3XQWRGHSDUWLGDGHVXVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHV
6LVWHPDV5RUVFKDFKHXURSHRV\QRUWHDPHULFDQRV
6LVWHPDV5RUVFKDFKGHOD(VFXHOD(XURSHD
/DSULPLWLYD(VFXHOD6XL]D:0RUJXHQWKDOHU(2EHUKRO]HU*$5RHPHU
/D(VFXHOD6XL]R$OHPDQD(%RKP
/D(VFXHOD)UDQFR%HOJD0/RRVOL8VWHUL
/D(VFXHOD,QJOHVD7$OFRRN
6LVWHPDV5RUVFKDFKGHOD(VFXHOD$PHULFDQD
6LVWHPDGH%.ORSIHU
6LVWHPDGH6-%HFN
(OSDSHOPHGLDGRUGH0+HUW]
(OVLVWHPDGH)3LRWURZVNL
(OVLVWHPDGH'5DSDSRUW\56FKDIHU
8WLOLGDG\DSOLFDFLRQHVGHODSUXHEDGH5RUVFKDFK
%LEOLRJUDItD

&$378/2,,,(/6,67(0$&2035(+(16,92'(-((;1(5
,QWURGXFFLyQ
,QWHJUDFLyQGHORVFLQFRVLVWHPDV5RUVFKDFKQRUWHDPHULFDQRV
0HWRGRORJtDGHDSOLFDFLyQGHODSUXHEDSUHSDUDFLyQSURFHGLPLHQWRGHDGPLQLVWUDFLyQ\IDVHV
3UHSDUDFLyQ\SURFHGLPLHQWRGHDGPLQLVWUDFLyQ
)DVHVHQTXHVHGLYLGHODSUXHED
)DVHGH$VRFLDFLyQ/LEUH2EMHWLYRV\FRQVLJQD
)DVHGH(QFXHVWD2EMHWLYRV\FRQVLJQD
)DVHGH([DPHQGHOtPLWHV2EMHWLYRV\FRQVLJQD
3URFHVRGHUHVSXHVWD
3URFHVRGHHQWUDGD\FRGLFDFLyQGHOHVWtPXOR
&ODVLFDFLyQGHOHVWtPXOR\RVXVSDUWHV
([FOXVLyQGHUHVSXHVWDVSRWHQFLDOHVPHGLDQWHVXRUGHQDFLyQ\FHQVXUD
6HOHFFLyQGHODVUHVSXHVWDVSRWHQFLDOHVVREUDQWHVHQIXQFLyQGHHVWLORVUDVJRV\HVWDGRV
&RGLILFDFLyQGHODVUHVSXHVWDV
/RFDOL]DFLyQ
5HVSXHVWDJOREDO:
5HVSXHVWDGHGHWDOOHXVXDO'
5HVSXHVWDGHGHWDOOHLQXVXDO'G
5HVSXHVWDGHHVSDFLR6
&RGLFDFLyQGHP~OWLSOHViUHDV
&DOLGDGHYROXWLYD
5HVSXHVWDVGHVtQWHVLV
5HVSXHVWDV'4
5HVSXHVWDV'4Y
5HVSXHVWDV2UGLQDULDV'4R

QGLFH
5HVSXHVWDV9DJDV'4Y

'HWHUPLQDQWHV
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHIRUPDSXUD)
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHPRYLPLHQWR0)0P
0RYLPLHQWRKXPDQR
0RYLPLHQWRDQLPDO
0RYLPLHQWRLQDQLPDGR
0RYLPLHQWRVDFWLYRV\SDVLYRVDS
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHFRORUFURPiWLFR)&&)&&Q
'HWHUPLQDQWHGHIRUPDFRORUFURPiWLFR
'HWHUPLQDQWHGHFRORUFURPiWLFRIRUPD
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHFRORUSXUR\FRORUQRPLQDO
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHFRORUDFURPiWLFR)&&)&
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHVRPEUHDGR
6RPEUHDGRWH[WXUD)77)7
6RPEUHDGRYLVWD)99)9
6RPEUHDGRGLIXVR)<<)<
(OGHWHUPLQDQWHIRUPDGLPHQVLyQ)'
3DUHV\UHHMRV)UU)
5HVSXHVWDVGHSDUHV
5HVSXHVWDVGHUHHMR
'HWHUPLQDQWHVP~OWLSOHV'0
1LYHORFDOLGDGIRUPDO
&DOLGDGIRUPDOVXSHULRU)4
&DOLGDGIRUPDORUGLQDULD)4R
&DOLGDGIRUPDO~QLFD)4X
&DOLGDGIRUPDOPHQRV)4
&RQWHQLGRV
5HVSXHVWDVSRSXODUHV
$FWLYLGDGRUJDQL]DWLYD
)HQyPHQRVRFyGLJRVHVSHFLDOHV
'LIHUHQFLDFLyQGHORVFyGLJRVHVSHFLDOHVVHJ~QQLYHOHVGHGLVIXQFLyQFRJQLWLYD
)UDVHVLQXVXDOHV
)UDVHGHVYLDGD'9
5HVSXHVWDGHVYLDGD'5
&RPELQDFLRQHVLQDGHFXDGDV,1&20)$%&20&217$0
/yJLFDLQDGHFXDGD$/2*
3HUVHYHUDQFLD\IUDFDVRHQODLQWHJUDFLyQ
3HUVHYHUDQFLD369
&RQIDEXODFLyQ&21)$%
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVHVSHFLDOHVGHORVFRQWHQLGRV
&RQWHQLGRDEVWUDFWR$%
0RYLPLHQWRDJUHVLYR(OIUDFDVRGHIHQVLYR$*
0RYLPLHQWRFRRSHUDWLYR&23
&RQWHQLGRPyUELGR025
5HVSXHVWDVSHUVRQDOL]DGDV3(5
)HQyPHQRVHVSHFLDOHVGHFRORU
%LEOLRJUDItD

&$378/2,9,17(535(7$&,1'(/5256&+$&+
,QWURGXFFLyQ
,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHODVHFXHQFLDGHFRGLFDFLyQ
,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHODVYDULDEOHVGHO5HVXPHQ(VWUXFWXUDO
'HFLVLyQGHODYDOLGH]GHOSURWRFROR

7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
1~PHURGHUHVSXHVWDV5
(OYDORUGH/DPEGD/
'HFLVLyQGHOSURFHGLPLHQWRGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQPHGLDQWHODLGHQWLFDFLyQGHYDULDEOHV
FODYH\YDULDEOHVWHUFLDULDVVLJQLFDWLYDV
,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOFRQWHQLGR
9DULDEOHVTXHFRPSRQHQHO5HVXPHQ(VWUXFWXUDO
9DULDEOHVGH,GHDFLyQ
(%LQWURYHUVLYR\(%SHU
&ODVLFDFLyQGHORVWLSRVYLYHQFLDOHV
6LJQLFDGRGHODVYDULDEOHVGHO(%(OGHWHUPLQDQWHGHPRYLPLHQWRKXPDQR0
(OGHWHUPLQDQWHGHPRYLPLHQWRKXPDQR0\VXUHODFLyQFRQHOFRQWHQLGRKXPDQR
+SXUD
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHFRORUFURPiWLFR)&&)&\6XPDSRQGHUDGDGH&RORU(% 0
:6XP&
$QiOLVLVGHODVYDULDEOHVGHOODGRL]TXLHUGRGHOD([SHULHQFLD%DVHHE )0P
&79<
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHPRYLPLHQWRDQLPDO)0
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHPRYLPLHQWRLQDQLPDGRP
5HODFLyQHQWUHORVPRYLPLHQWRVDFWLYRV\SDVLYRVDS0D0S
QGLFHGHLQWHOHFWXDOL]DFLyQ$%$UW$\
5HVSXHVWDVGHFRQWHQLGRPyUELGR025
$QiOLVLVGHORVFyGLJRVHVSHFLDOHVGHQLYHO&217$0\$/2*
$QiOLVLVGHOGHWHUPLQDQWHGHPRYLPLHQWRKXPDQR01LYHOHVGHGLVWRUVLyQ04
$QiOLVLVFXDOLWDWLYRGHOGHWHUPLQDQWH06XUHODFLyQFRQHOFRQWHQLGRKXPDQR+
9DULDEOHVGHOFRQWUROWROHUDQFLDDOHVWUpV\HVWUpVVLWXDFLRQDO
9DULDEOHVGHO&RQWURO\ODWROHUDQFLDDOHVWUpV
'DMXVWDGD'DMHQGLFHGH'pFLWGH5HFXUVRV&',
(O(UOHEQLVW\SXV(%
([SHULHQFLDDFWXDORDFFHVLEOH($ 0:6XP&
([SHULHQFLD%DVHHE )0P&79<
(VWLPXODFLyQH[SHULPHQWDGDRVXIULGDHV )0P&79<
9DULDEOHVGHO(VWUpVVLWXDFLRQDO
&RPSDUDFLyQHQWUH'\'DM
$QiOLVLVGHORVGHWHUPLQDQWHVP<7
$QiOLVLVGHODVUHVSXHVWDVFRPSOHMDV'0
9DULDEOHVGHOSURFHVDPLHQWRGHODLQIRUPDFLyQ
/DPEGD/
QGLFHVGH(VWLOR2EVHVLYRH+LSHUYLJLODQFLD
QGLFHGH(VWLOR2EVHVLYR2%6
QGLFHGH+LSHUYLJLODQFLD+9,
$FWLYLGDGRUJDQL]DWLYD\HFDFLDGHOSURFHVDPLHQWR
)UHFXHQFLDGH==I
=GLIHUHQFLD=G
5HODFLyQHQWUHORVFyGLJRVGHORFDOL]DFLyQ:''G
/DSURSRUFLyQ:0
$QiOLVLVGHODFDOLGDGHYROXWLYD'4
/DDFWLYLGDGRUJDQL]DWLYD
3HUVHYHUDQFLD369
9DULDEOHVGHOD0HGLDFLyQFRJQLWLYD
/DPEGD
QGLFHGHHVWLORREVHVLYR
5HVSXHVWDVSRSXODUHV3
9DULDEOHVGHODFDOLGDGIRUPDO);;X;6;$:'$
/DYDULDEOH)
/DYDULDEOH;

QGLFH
/DYDULDEOH;X
/DYDULDEOH;
/DYDULDEOH6
/DVYDULDEOHV;$\:'$
&21)$%
6HFXHQFLD\KRPRJHQHLGDGGHODVUHVSXHVWDVGHQLYHOIRUPDOPHQRV)4
1LYHOHVGHGLVWRUVLyQGHODVUHVSXHVWDVGHQLYHOIRUPDOPHQRV)4
9DULDEOHVGH$IHFWLYLGDG
QGLFHGH'HSUHVLyQ'(3,
(%H[WUDWHQVLYR
9DULDEOHVGHOODGRGHUHFKRGHODH[SHULHQFLDEDVHHE )0P&79<
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHFRORUDFURPiWLFR)&&)&
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHVRPEUHDGRWH[WXUD)77)7
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHVRPEUHDGRYLVWD)99)9
'HWHUPLQDQWHVGHVRPEUHDGRGLIXVR)<<)<
/DSURSRUFLyQDIHFWLYD$IU
/DSURSRUFLyQGHOFRORU)&&)&
5HVSXHVWDVGHHVSDFLRHQEODQFR6
'HWHUPLQDQWHVP~OWLSOHV'0yEOHQGV&RPSRVLFLyQ\FXDOLGDG
5HODFLyQHQWUHODVYDULDEOHVGHFRORUDFURPiWLFR6XP&\ODVGHFRORUFURPiWLFR
)&&)&
9DULDEOHVGH$XWRSHUFHSFLyQ
QGLFHGH(JRFHQWULVPR>U5@\UHVSXHVWDVGHUHHMR)UU)
)RUPDGLPHQVLyQ)'\VRPEUHDGRYLVWD9
&RQWHQLGRVKXPDQRV>++G++G@
5HVSXHVWDVGHUHSUHVHQWDFLyQKXPDQD
&RQWHQLGRVGHDQDWRPtD$QUDGLRJUDItD;\\VH[R6[
&DWHJRUtDVSUR\HFWLYDVGHUHVSXHVWDORVGHWHUPLQDQWHVGHPRYLPLHQWR0)0P
ODVUHVSXHVWDVGHFRQWHQLGRPyUELGR025\GHQLYHOIRUPDOPHQRV)4
6REUHHODERUDFLRQHVYHUEDOHV
9DULDEOHVGHOD3HUFHSFLyQ\OD5HODFLyQLQWHUSHUVRQDO
QGLFHVGH'pFLWGHUHFXUVRV&',H+LSHUYLJLODQFLD+9,
5HODFLyQGHPRYLPLHQWRVDFWLYRV\SDVLYRVDS
5HVSXHVWDVGHFRPLGD)G\WH[WXUD7
&RQWHQLGRVKXPDQRV>++G++G@
/RVFyGLJRVHVSHFLDOHV3(5&23\$*
QGLFHGHDLVODPLHQWR%W&O*H/V1D5
5HODFLyQHQWUHUHVSXHVWDVGHPRYLPLHQWR0\SDUHV
$QiOLVLVGHORVtQGLFHVHVSHFLDOHVQRUHYLVDGRVHQODVDQWHULRUHVDJUXSDFLRQHVGHYDULDEOHV
&RQVWHODFLyQGH6XLFLGLR3RWHQFLDOGH6XLFLGLR68,&&
QGLFHGH(VTXL]RIUHQLD6&=,
&ULWHULRVEiVLFRVSDUDHOGLDJQyVWLFRGHHVTXL]RIUHQLDHQHO5RUVFKDFK3ULPHUQGLFH
&ULWHULRVEiVLFRVSDUDHOGLDJQyVWLFRGHHVTXL]RIUHQLDHQHO5RUVFKDFK6HJXQGRQGLFH
&ULWHULRVEiVLFRVSDUDHOGLDJQyVWLFRGHHVTXL]RIUHQLDHQHO5RUVFKDFK7HUFHUQGLFH
SUHYLRDO37,
(O3HUFHSWXDO7KLQNLQJ,QGH[37,
(O(JR,PSDLUPHQW,QGH[
$QiOLVLVGHOFRQWHQLGRGHODVUHVSXHVWDV
,QWHJUDFLyQGHORVGDWRV\VtQWHVLVGLDJQyVWLFD
9DULDEOHVTXHIDFLOLWDQODLQGLFDFLyQGHWUDWDPLHQWR
)LDELOLGDG\YDOLGH]HQHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK
)LDELOLGDG
)LDELOLGDGLQWHUMXHFHV
)LDELOLGDGHQWUHHYDOXDGRUHV
)LDELOLGDGWHVWUHWHVW

7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
(VWDELOLGDGGHGHWHUPLQDGDVYDULDEOHV
9DOLGH]
,QWHUSUHWDFLyQDFLHJDV
9DOLGDFLyQGHKLSyWHVLVLQWHUSUHWDWLYDV
7pFQLFDGHODSDUHDPLHQWR
)LDELOLGDG\YDOLGH]HQHO5RUVFKDFKVHJ~Q,%:HLQHUHWDOW
%LEOLRJUDItD
&$378/29(/5256&+$&+(1(/',$*167,&2'(/$36,&26,6
(648,=2)5e1,&$
,QWURGXFFLyQ
3XQWRGHSDUWLGDGHQXHVWUDVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHV
3ULQFLSLRVEiVLFRVXWLOL]DGRVHQODVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVDPHULFDQDV
(VWXGLRSLORWRVREUHHOSDFLHQWHHVTXL]RIUpQLFRGHH[DFHUEDFLyQDJXGDREMHWLYRDQiOLVLV
\FRQFOXVLRQHV
2EMHWLYRGHOHVWXGLRSLORWR
$QiOLVLVHIHFWXDGRV
$QiOLVLVGLVFULPLQDQWH
$QiOLVLVGHO5HVXPHQ(VWUXFWXUDO
&RQFOXVLRQHVGHOHVWXGLRSLORWR
&RQWLQ~DODLQYHVWLJDFLyQVREUHHOSDFLHQWHHVTXL]RIUpQLFRHQODSURYLQFLDGH%DUFHORQD
6XMHWRV
,QVWUXPHQWRV
3URFHGLPLHQWR
$QiOLVLV\UHVXOWDGRV
$QiOLVLVGLVFULPLQDQWHHQHOHVWXGLRSLORWR
$QiOLVLVGHPHGLDV\GHVYLDFLRQHVWtSLFDVGHODVSULQFLSDOHVYDULDEOHVGHO5(GHOWHVW
GH5RUVFKDFK
0XHVWUDGHSDFLHQWHVHVTXL]RIUpQLFRVGHH[DFHUEDFLyQDJXGD
0XHVWUDGHSDFLHQWHVHVTXL]RIUpQLFRVFUyQLFRV
$QiOLVLVFRPSDUDWLYRVHQWUHGRVPXHVWUDVGHHVTXL]RIUpQLFRVGHH[DFHUEDFLyQDJXGD
\FUyQLFRVPHGLDQWHODWGH6WXGHQW)LVKHU\OD8GH0DQQ:KLWQH\
(VWXGLRFRPSDUDWLYRHIHFWXDGRPHGLDQWHODWGH6WXGHQW)LVKHU
(VWXGLRFRPSDUDWLYRHIHFWXDGRPHGLDQWHOD8GH0DQQ:KLWQH\
$QiOLVLVGHODWLSRORJtDGHOSHUtRGRDFWXDOGHHVTXL]RIUHQLDHQXQDPXHVWUDGHDJXGRV
\XQDGHFUyQLFRV
$QiOLVLVFXDOLWDWLYRGHORVSULQFLSDOHVGHWHUPLQDQWHVGHOHVSDFLRHQEODQFR\GHDOJXQRV
FRQWHQLGRV
5HYLVLyQGHOQGLFHGHHVTXL]RIUHQLD
&RQFOXVLRQHV
&RQUPDFLyQGHODVKLSyWHVLV
$QiOLVLVFXDOLWDWLYRV
%LEOLRJUDItD
&$378/29,5(/$&,21(6(175(/$6326,&,21(6(648,=23$5$12,'(
<'(35(6,9$./(,1,$1$6<'(7(50,1$'$69$5,$%/(6(6758&785$/(6
'(/7(67'(5256&+$&+
,QWURGXFFLyQ
'HVDUUROORGHOWpUPLQRSRVLFLyQGHVFULSFLyQGHODVSRVLFLRQHVHVTXL]RSDUDQRLGHPL[WD
RGHWUDQVLFLyQ\GHSUHVLYD
/DSRVLFLyQHVTXL]RSDUDQRLGH
/DSRVLFLyQGHSUHVLYD
/DSRVLFLyQPL[WDRGHWUDQVLFLyQ

QGLFH

$SOLFDFLyQGHODWHRUtDGHODVSRVLFLRQHVHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK

2EMHWLYRV
0HWRGRORJtD
6XMHWRV
,QVWUXPHQWRV\SURFHGLPLHQWR
+LSyWHVLV
&RUUHVSRQGHQFLDHQWUHODVSRVLFLRQHVHVTXL]RSDUDQRLGHPL[WDRGHWUDQVLFLyQ\GHSUHVLYD
\GHWHUPLQDGDVYDULDEOHVHVWUXFWXUDOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK
(TXLYDOHQFLDHQWUHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODSRVLFLyQHVTXL]RSDUDQRLGH\GHWHUPLQDGDV
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK
(TXLYDOHQFLDHQWUHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODSRVLFLyQGHSUHVLYD\GHWHUPLQDGDVYDULDEOHV
GHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK
(TXLYDOHQFLDHQWUHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODSRVLFLyQPL[WDRGHWUDQVLFLyQ\GHWHUPLQDGDV
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK
$QiOLVLV\UHVXOWDGRV
3DFLHQWHVHVTXL]RIUpQLFRVGHH[DFHUEDFLyQDJXGD\FUyQLFRV
3DFLHQWHVHVTXL]RIUpQLFRVGHH[DFHUEDFLyQDJXGD
3DFLHQWHVHVTXL]RIUpQLFRVFUyQLFRV
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQODVPXHVWUDVGHSDFLHQWHVDJXGRV\FUyQLFRV
(TXLYDOHQFLDHQWUHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODSRVLFLyQGHSUHVLYD\GHWHUPLQDGDV
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQODVPXHVWUDVGHSDFLHQWHVDJXGRV\FUyQLFRV
0XHVWUDGHVXMHWRVQRSDFLHQWHVGHOD7HUFHUD(GDG
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQODPXHVWUDGHQRSDFLHQWHVGHOD7HUFHUD(GDG
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQODPXHVWUDGHQRSDFLHQWHVGHOD7HUFHUD(GDG
0XHVWUDGHQLxRVFRQWUDVWRUQRVGHFDUiFWHU
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQODVPXHVWUDVGHQLxRVFRQWUDVWRUQRVGHFDUiFWHU
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQODVPXHVWUDVGHQLxRVFRQWUDVWRUQRVGHFDUiFWHU
0XHVWUDGHQLxRVFDWDODQHVQRSDFLHQWHVJUXSRFRQWUROLQIDQWLO
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQXQDPXHVWUDGHQLxRVQRSDFLHQWHV
YDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKHQXQDPXHVWUDGHQLxRVQRSDFLHQWHV
&RQFOXVLRQHV
%LEOLRJUDItD
&$378/29,,/267(676352<(&7,926*5),&26
,QWURGXFFLyQ
(OGLEXMRGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQD')+
(OFRQRFLPLHQWRGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDSRUPHGLRGHOGLEXMR
3URFHGLPLHQWR\FRQVLJQD
(VWDQGDUL]DFLyQ\YDOLGH]
/D)LJXUD+XPDQDGH.0DFKRYHU
$QiOLVLVGHORVDVSHFWRVHVWUXFWXUDOHV\GHFRQWHQLGR
$QiOLVLVHVWUXFWXUDO
$QiOLVLVGHFRQWHQLGR
(O'LEXMRGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQDGH(0.RSSLW]
1LYHOHYROXWLYR
1LYHOGHIHQVLYR/RVLQGLFDGRUHVHPRFLRQDOHV

7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
&RQDELOLGDG\YDOLGH]
(O'LEXMRGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQD+73
/DJXUDGHOUEROGH.RFK
$SOLFDFLyQGHO+733URFHGLPLHQWR\FRQVLJQD
+73LQWHUURJDWRULRGHFDGDtWHP
,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHORVDVSHFWRVIRUPDOHVRHVWUXFWXUDOHV\GHFRQWHQLGRGHORVtWHPV
)DVHHVWUXFWXUDO
6HFXHQFLDGHHODERUDFLyQGHOGLEXMR
7DPDxR
3UHVLyQWUD]R\FDOLGDGGHODOtQHD
(PSOD]DPLHQWRHQODKRMDGHSDSHOXELFDFLyQGHOGLEXMRVHJ~QORVHMHVKRUL]RQWDO
\YHUWLFDO
0RYLPLHQWR
6LPHWUtD\SHUVSHFWLYD
6RPEUHDGR\ERUUDGR
'HWDOOHV
)DVHGHFRQWHQLGR
WHPVGHOD&DVD
WHPVGHOUERO
WHPVGHODV)LJXUDVKXPDQDV
)LDELOLGDG\YDOLGH]HQORVWHVWVJUiFRV
(O7HVWGHOD)DPLOLD
,QWURGXFFLyQ
(YROXFLyQGHODFRQVLJQD
3URFHGLPLHQWR\FRQVLJQDGH&RUPDQ
$QiOLVLVGHODVHVWUXFWXUDVIRUPDOHV\GHFRQWHQLGR
1LYHOJUiFR
1LYHOGHODVHVWUXFWXUDVIRUPDOHV
$QiOLVLVGHFRQWHQLGR
0HFDQLVPRVGHGHIHQVDVXLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ
0HFDQLVPRGH1HJDFLyQ
9DORUL]DFLyQGHXQSHUVRQDMH
'HVYDORUL]DFLyQGHXQSHUVRQDMH
0HFDQLVPRGH)RUPDFLyQUHDFWLYD
0HFDQLVPRGH5HODFLyQDGLVWDQFLD
0HFDQLVPRGH$LVODPLHQWR
0HFDQLVPRGH5HJUHVLyQ
0HFDQLVPRGH5HSUHVLyQ
6tPERORVGHDQLPDOHV
,GHQWLFDFLyQFRQHODJUHVRU
5LYDOLGDGIUDWHUQD
6LWXDFLyQHGtSLFD\FRPSOHMRGH(GLSR
%LEOLRJUDItD

&$378/29,,,$3/,&$&,21(6'(/267(676352<(&7,926*5),&26
(/+73<(/7(67'(/$)$0,/,$
,QWURGXFFLyQ
$SRUWDFLRQHVGH(*UDVVDQRDOHVWXGLRGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV
)XQFLRQDPLHQWRQHXUyWLFRHQJUiFRV
)XQFLRQDPLHQWRSVLFyWLFRHQJUiFRV
)XQFLRQDPLHQWRSVLFRSiWLFRHQJUiFRV
(VWUXFWXUDVGHSHUVRQDOLGDGLQGLFDGRUHVGHSDWRORJtDHQJUiFRV
1XHVWUDVDSRUWDFLRQHVDOHVWXGLRGHOWHVWGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQD+73

QGLFH
2EMHWLYRV
0HWRGRORJtD
$QiOLVLVGHORVUHVXOWDGRVGHOJUXSRGHHVWXGLR
$QiOLVLVHVWUXFWXUDO
$QiOLVLVGHFRQWHQLGR
5HDFFLRQHVFDUDFWHUROyJLFDV
6XMHWRVSDVLYRGHSHQGLHQWHV
6XMHWRVSDVLYRDJUHVLYRV
6XMHWRVDJUHVLYRVRPX\DJUHVLYRV
6XMHWRVFRQIRUPDFLRQHVUHDFWLYDVGHOFDUiFWHU
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHSUHVLYDV'LVWLPLDRQHXURVLVGHSUHVLYD
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVSVLFyWLFDV'HOLULXP\SVLFRVLVDWtSLFD
'HFLHQFLDVHQODRUJDQL]DFLyQGHOHVTXHPDFRUSRUDO
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHQRUPDOLGDG
0HWRGRORJtDDQiOLVLV\FRQFOXVLRQHVGHOJUXSRFRQWURO
0HWRGRORJtD
$QiOLVLVGHORVUHVXOWDGRVGHOJUXSRFRQWURO
$QiOLVLVHVWUXFWXUDO
$QiOLVLVGHFRQWHQLGR
&RQFOXVLRQHV
&RQFOXVLRQHVGHOJUXSRGHHVWXGLRSULPHUDPXHVWUD
&RQFOXVLRQHVGHOJUXSRFRQWURO
1XHVWUDVFRQWULEXFLRQHVDOHVWXGLRGHOWHVWGHOD)DPLOLD
2EMHWLYRV
0HWRGRORJtD
$QiOLVLVGHORVUHVXOWDGRVGHOJUXSRGHHVWXGLR
$QiOLVLVHVWUXFWXUDO
$QiOLVLVGHFRQWHQLGR
$QiOLVLVGHORVSULQFLSDOHV0HFDQLVPRVGHGHIHQVD
9DORUL]DFLyQGHORVSDGUHV
'HVYDORUL]DFLyQGHORVSDGUHV
0HFDQLVPRGH$LVODPLHQWR
0HFDQLVPRGH5HJUHVLyQ
([SUHVLyQLQGLUHFWDGHODDJUHVLYLGDG
5HDFFLRQHVGHSUHVLYDV
'LEXMRGHXQDIDPLOLDFRQP~OWLSOHVSHUVRQDMHV
$QiOLVLVGHORVUHVXOWDGRVGHOJUXSRFRQWURO
$QiOLVLVHVWUXFWXUDO
$QiOLVLVGHFRQWHQLGR
$QiOLVLVGHORVSULQFLSDOHVPHFDQLVPRVGHGHIHQVD
9DORUL]DFLyQGHORVSDGUHV
'HVYDORUL]DFLyQGHORVSDGUHV
([SUHVLyQLQGLUHFWDGHODDJUHVLYLGDGIDPLOLDVFRQXQ~QLFRKLMR
)DPLOLDVFRQP~OWLSOHVSHUVRQDMHVDxDGLGRVDOQ~FOHRRULJLQDO
0HFDQLVPRGHUHJUHVLyQDQWHHOQDFLPLHQWRGHXQKHUPDQR
1HJDFLyQRH[FOXVLyQGHDOJ~QPLHPEURGHODIDPLOLD
(VWUXFWXUDFLyQ\FRQFOXVLRQHV
&RQFOXVLRQHVGHOJUXSRGHHVWXGLR
&RQFOXVLRQHVGHOJUXSRFRQWURO
&RQFOXVLRQHV
%LEOLRJUDItD

&$378/2,;(/7(6731

,QWURGXFFLyQ
7HRUtDGHORVLQVWLQWRV

7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
)DVHVGHOGHVDUUROORGHODOtELGR
)DVHVSUHHGtSLFDV
)DVHRUDO
)DVHDQDO
)DVHIiOLFD
)DVHHGtSLFD
)DVHGHODWHQFLD
)DVHJHQLWDO
(VWUXFWXUDGHODSHUVRQDOLGDG
(O(OOR
(O6XSHU<R
(O<R
7HQGHQFLDVVXFRUUHVSRQGHQFLDHQWUHODVIDVHVOLELGLQDOHV\ODVOiPLQDVGHOWHVW
/iPLQDVGHODIDVHRUDOSDVLYD
/iPLQDVGHODIDVHRUDODFWLYD
/iPLQDVGHODIDVHDQDORViGLFRDQDO
/iPLQDGHODIDVHIiOLFDWHPDViGLFRRGHFDVWUDFLyQ
/iPLQDVGHODIDVHHGtSLFD
(O&RPSOHMRGH(GLSR
/iPLQDVGHFDVWLJRSDUWLGDRUHJUHVR\VROHGDG
0HFDQLVPRVGHGHIHQVDGHO<R
0HFDQLVPRVGHQHJDFLyQ\HVFRWRPL]DFLyQ
,QKLELFLyQFRPRIRUPDGHQHJDFLyQUHFKD]RGHORVVHQWLPLHQWRVRGHODWHQGHQFLD
0HFDQLVPRGHUHSUHVLyQ
0HFDQLVPRGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
0HFDQLVPRGHUDFLRQDOL]DFLyQ
0HFDQLVPRGHIRUPDFLyQUHDFWLYDRWUDQVIRUPDFLyQHQORFRQWUDULR
0HFDQLVPRGHUHODFLyQDGLVWDQFLD
0HFDQLVPRGHDLVODPLHQWR
0HFDQLVPRGHUHJUHVLyQ
2UtJHQHV7LHPSRVHQTXHVHGLYLGHODSUXHED*UDGRVGHFHQVXUD\SULQFLSDOHVWHPDV
2UtJHQHV\YLQFXODFLRQHVGHOWHVW
7LHPSRVHQTXHVHGLYLGHHOWHVW
*UDGRVGHFHQVXUD
3ULQFLSDOHVWHPDV
7HPDVGHRUDOLGDG
7HPDVGHGHSHQGHQFLDLQGHSHQGHQFLD
7HPDViGLFRRUDO
7HPDVGHDQDOLGDG
7HPDVGHDJUHVLYLGDG\ULYDOLGDGIUDWHUQD
7HPDVGHFXOSD\FDVWLJR
7HPDVHGtSLFRV
7HPDVGHVH[RLQYHUWLGR
7HPDGHOSDGUHQXWULFLR
7HPDGHODPDGUHLGHDO
0HWRGRORJtDSURFHGLPLHQWR\FRQVLJQDV
(O)URQWLVSLFLRFRQVLJQDVSUHYLDV
'HVFULSFLyQGHOD+LVWRULD3ULPHUDFRQVLJQD
0pWRGRGHODV3UHIHUHQFLDVH,GHQWLFDFLRQHV6HJXQGDFRQVLJQD
3UHJXQWDVGLULJLGDV\GHVtQWHVLV
(O+DGD
,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOWHVW
'LQDPLVPRGHOWHVW
,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHO)URQWLVSLFLRSDGUHV\IUDWULH
/D'HIHQVDGHO<R

QGLFH
7HPDVRULJLQDOHVIUDQFRV\FDPXDGRV
+LVWRULDVVHJXLGDVROiPLQDVDLVODGDV
7HQGHQFLDVGHIHQVDVLGHQWLFDFLRQHVGRPLQDQWHV
2ULJLQDOLGDGGHODVWHQGHQFLDV
/DUHVRQDQFLDDIHFWLYD
/DGHIHQVDPiVIXHUWH
1HJDFLyQGHVHQWLPLHQWRV
,GHQWLFDFLRQHVGRPLQDQWHV
6tQWHVLVLQWHUSUHWDWLYD
/DVLQVWDQFLDVSVtTXLFDV(OOR<R6XSHU<R
5HODFLRQHVFRQORVSDGUHVULYDOLGDGIUDWHUQD\(GLSR
5HODFLRQHVFRQORVKHUPDQRV
&RQYHUJHQFLDGHtQGLFHV
9DOLGH]GHOWHVW
%LEOLRJUDItD
&$378/2;&21&(3722%-(7,926<7,326'(36,&27(5$3,$
'(&,6,1'(,17(59(1&,1<(9$/8$&,1'(/75$7$0,(172
,QWURGXFFLyQ
'HQLFLyQ\FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODSVLFRWHUDSLD
2EMHWLYRVGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
7LSRVGHWUDWDPLHQWR
/DSVLFRWHUDSLDIRFDO\EUHYH
2EMHWLYRV\FULWHULRVGHVHOHFFLyQGHOSDFLHQWH,QGLFDFLRQHV\FRQWUDLQGLFDFLRQHV
GHODWHUDSLDIRFDO\EUHYH
&RQFHSWR\HOHFFLyQGHOIRFRWHUDSpXWLFR
,QWHUYHQFLyQGHOWHUDSHXWD\GXUDFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
/DSVLFRWHUDSLDGHJUXSR
$SRUWDFLRQHVGH6)UHXG
&RQWULEXFLRQHVGH0.OHLQ
/DDSRUWDFLyQGH:5%LRQ
7LSRVGHIXQFLRQDPLHQWRJUXSDO
6XSXHVWREiVLFRGHGHSHQGHQFLD
6XSXHVWREiVLFRGHDWDTXH\IXJD
6XSXHVWREiVLFRGHHPSDUHMDPLHQWR
)RUPDFLyQGHOJUXSR,QGLFDFLRQHV\FRQWUDLQGLFDFLRQHVGHODWHUDSLD
JUXSDO
/DSVLFRWHUDSLDSVLFRDQDOtWLFDLQGLYLGXDO
)DVHSUHYLDDOWUDWDPLHQWR
'HFLVLyQGHLQLFLRGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
(QFXDGUH
$QiOLVLVGHOSURFHGLPLHQWR\GHODUHODFLyQWHUDSHXWDSDFLHQWH
,QLFLRGHVDUUROOR\QDOL]DFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
,QLFLR\GHVDUUROORGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
)LQDOL]DFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
(YDOXDFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
6HJXLPLHQWR
'HFLVLyQGHWUDWDPLHQWR\HYDOXDFLyQGHODLQWHUYHQFLyQPHGLDQWHHOWHVW
GH5RUVFKDFKHQSVLFRWHUDSLDVDODUJRSOD]R
,QWURGXFFLyQ
2EMHWLYRVHKLSyWHVLV
0pWRGR\SURFHGLPLHQWR
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODPXHVWUD&XDGUR1,
5HVXOWDGRV\DQiOLVLV

7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
$QiOLVLVFRPSDUDWLYRGHORVSURWRFRORV5RUVFKDFKGHSDFLHQWHVREWHQLGRVDQWHV\GHVSXpV
GHOWUDWDPLHQWR
&RQFOXVLRQHV
9DULDEOHVGHOD6HFXHQFLDGHFRGLFDFLyQ\GHO5HVXPHQ(VWUXFWXUDOGHOWHVW
GH5RUVFKDFKTXHIDYRUHFHQODLQGLFDFLyQGHWUDWDPLHQWR
9DULDEOHVGHOD6HFXHQFLDGHFRGLFDFLyQLQGLFDGRUDVGHWUDWDPLHQWR
9DULDEOHVGHO5HVXPHQ(VWUXFWXUDOTXHIDYRUHFHQODGHFLVLyQGHWUDWDPLHQWR
%LEOLRJUDItD

,1752'8&&,1
&DGDYH]HVPD\RUHOYDORUFRQFHGLGRDOGLDJQyVWLFRGHODSHUVRQDOLGDG\DSUXHEDVTXHFRPRHOWHVW
GH5RUVFKDKORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV\WHPiWLFRVVHDSOLFDQDGLDULRHQHOGLDJQyVWLFRLQGLFDFLyQ\
HYDOXDFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWRSVLFROyJLFR
(Q 3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR ,QIDQWLO HV IUHFXHQWH XWLOL]DU GLEXMRV HQ ORV SULPHURV FRQWDFWRV FRQ HO QLxR
LQFOXVRPXFKRVWUDWDPLHQWRVVHHIHFW~DQPHGLDQWHJUiFRVHOHJLGRVSRUHOQLxRGHIRUPDHVSRQWiQHD\FRPR
YHKtFXORGHFRPXQLFDFLyQFRQHOWHUDSHXWDGXUDQWHODVHVLyQGHMXHJRRDOGHSRVLWDUHQODKRMDGHSDSHO
VHQVDFLRQHV\VHQWLPLHQWRVTXHYHUEDOPHQWHOHUHVXOWDUtDPiVGLItFLOWUDQVPLWLU
(QHOGLDJQyVWLFRFOtQLFR\HVFRODUWDPELpQHQVHOHFFLyQGHSHUVRQDOVXHOHDSOLFDUVHXQ5RUVFKDFK
SDUDFRQRFHUODSHUVRQDOLGDGGHOH[DPLQDGRHIHFWXDUXQSURQyVWLFRHLQGLFDUXQWUDWDPLHQWR$FWXDOPHQWHOD
LQYHVWLJDFLyQPHGLDQWH5RUVFKDFKHVWiHQSOHQDYLJHQFLDGDGDODVROLGH]GHODVQXPHURVDVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHV
GH([QHUFRQRFLGDVDWUDYpVGHOD5RUVFKDFK)RXQGDWLRQOD5RUVFKDFK:RUNVKRSV\ORVDUWtFXORVGH:HLQHU
0H\HU9LJOLRQHHWFVREUHVXDELOLGDG\YDOLGH]\TXHFRQWULEX\HQDPRVWUDUODPHQFLRQDGDVROLGH]GH
HVWHYDOLRVRLQVWUXPHQWRGLDJQyVWLFR
2UJDQL]DUXQPDWHULDOTXHLQWHJUHFRQRFLPLHQWRVGHGLDJQyVWLFR\WUDWDPLHQWRTXHIRUPDQSDUWHGH
ORVSURJUDPDVGHHVWXGLRGHSUHJUDGR(YDOXDFLyQ3VLFROyJLFD\3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR,QIDQWLO\GHO$GROHVFHQWH
\ SRVWJUDGR 'LDJQyVWLFR GH 5RUVFKDFK \ $QiOLVLV GH ORV FDPELRV GHVSXpV GHO WUDWDPLHQWR SDUD TXH
SXHGDVHUXWLOL]DGRWDQWRDQLYHOWHyULFRFRPRDSOLFDGRFRQVWLWX\HXQRGHORVSULQFLSDOHVREMHWLYRVGHHVWD
SXEOLFDFLyQ
2UGHQDU PHWRGROyJLFDPHQWH FDGD XQD GH ODV SUXHEDV GHVFULWDV SHUPLWH RIUHFHU DO HVWXGLRVR H
LQWHUHVDGRHQHVWRVWHPDVORVSURFHGLPLHQWRVGHDSOLFDFLyQHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ\HQHOFDVRGHO5RUVFKDFK
FRQWULEX\H D IDYRUHFHU OD LQGLFDFLyQ \ HYDOXDFLyQ GHO WUDWDPLHQWR 'H XQD SDUWH FRPR PDWL]D$ YLOD
QRWRGRVORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVSXHGHQPHGLUVHGHOPLVPRPRGRLQGHSHQGLHQWHPHQWHGHODFRQYHQLHQFLD
LQWHUpV \ HFDFLD GH VX XVR 'H RWUD QXHVWUD YDORUDFLyQ RWRUJDGD DO WHVW GH 5RUVFKDFK VHLV FDStWXORV \
QXHYHLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVSXHGHSDUHFHUREYLDSHURDVtSHQVDPRVTXLHQHVWXYLPRVODVXHUWHGHIRUPDUSDUWH
GHHVWHSHTXHxRJUXSRGHHVWXGLRVRVTXHFUHFLPRVHQHODSUHQGL]DMHGHO5RUVFKDFKHQWRUQRDO3URI([QHU
HQOD6RFLHGDG(VSDxRODGHO5RUVFKDFK\0pWRGRV3UR\HFWLYRVODGHOHJDFLyQGHOD5RUVFKDFK:RUNVKRSV
HQ0DGULG\HQODVQXPHURVDVUHXQLRQHVFLHQWtFDV\FRQJUHVRVSURPRYLGRVSRUOD6RFLHGDG(VSDxROD\
&DWDODQDGHO5RUVFKDFKOD(XURSHDQ5RUVFKDFK$VVRFLDWLRQ\OD,QWHUQDWLRQDO5RUVFKDFK6RFLHW\FRQ
VXVQXPHURVDVGHOHJDFLRQHV
/DUHODFLyQHQWUH'LDJQyVWLFR3VLFRORJtD(YROXWLYD\3VLFRSDWRORJtDVHFRQVWDWDFRQODDSOLFDFLyQGHO
MXLFLRFOtQLFRGHVGHODHQWUHYLVWD\DQDPQHVLVDODQiOLVLV\YHULFDFLyQGHODVKLSyWHVLVSODQWHDGDV\FRQ
ODVDSRUWDFLRQHVGH%XFN+DPPHU0.RSSLW]*UDVVDQR&RUPDQHWFTXLHQHVQRVKDQOHJDGRLQGLFDGRUHV
GHQRUPDOLGDG\SDWRORJtDTXHSXHGHQDSOLFDUVHHQHOHVWXGLRGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV\WHPiWLFRV
'HWRGRVVRQFRQRFLGDVODVDSRUWDFLRQHVHIHFWXDGDVPHGLDQWHHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKDOHVWXGLRGHOD
SHUVRQDOLGDG D OD LQGLFDFLyQ SODQLFDFLyQ \ HYDOXDFLyQ GHO WUDWDPLHQWR /DV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV GH ([QHU
:HLQHU (GEHUJ HWF GDQ EXHQD SUXHED GHO XVR GH GLYHUVRV SURFHGLPLHQWRV GLDJQyVWLFRV DVt FRPR GH OD
LQXHQFLDTXHODSHUFHSFLyQDVRFLDFLyQSURFHVRVPQpPLFRVHVWUXFWXUDGHSHUVRQDOLGDG\HVWDGRVGHiQLPR
HMHUFHQVREUHHOH[DPLQDGRHQHOPRPHQWRGHHPLWLUXQDUHVSXHVWD
(V FRQYHQLHQWH XWLOL]DU FULWHULRV GLDJQyVWLFRV 5'& '60 ,&' &)70($ TXH FRQWULEX\DQ
D OD FRPSUHQVLyQ GHO SDFLHQWH \ D VLWXDU VX SUREOHPiWLFD HQ XQDV FRRUGHQDGDV GH VDOXGHQIHUPHGDG
VLQWRPDWRORJtDPDQLHVWDODWHQWHVLQTXHVXDSOLFDFLyQVXEVWLWX\DODGHRWURVSURFHGLPLHQWRVGLDJQyVWLFRV\
WHUDSpXWLFRVFRQRFLGRVREVHUYDFLyQFOtQLFD\VLVWHPiWLFDHQWUHYLVWDVDQDPQHVLVWpFQLFDVRWHVWV
(QHVWDREUDVHDSRUWDQLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVUHDOL]DGDVPHGLDQWHHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK\ORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
JUiFRV6HWUDWDGHUHVXOWDGRVRULJLQDOHVREWHQLGRVPHGLDQWHHO5RUVFKDFKGHSDFLHQWHVHVTXL]RIUpQLFRV

7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
LQWHUQDGRVHQODSURYLQFLDGH%DUFHORQD%DUFHORQpVGHQLxRVFRQWUDVWRUQRVGHFDUiFWHUSDFLHQWHVSVLFyWLFRV

\QRSDFLHQWHV1 PXHVWUDDPSOLDGDKR\DFRPRLQFLSLHQWHJUXSRFRQWURO
/RV UHVXOWDGRV REWHQLGRV FRQ OD DSOLFDFLyQ GH GHWHUPLQDGRV WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV JUiFRV \ WHPiWLFRV
D QLxRV \ DGROHVFHQWHV KDQ SHUPLWLGR PRVWUDU VX FRLQFLGHQFLD FRQ ODV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV H LQGLFDGRUHV GH
SDWRORJtDSRVWXODGRVSRU*UDVVDQR)LJXUD+XPDQD\+733&RUPDQWHVWGHOD)DPLOLDWHVW31\FRQORV
FULWHULRVGHO'60,9REWHQLHQGRHQJUiFRVFLQFRFDWHJRUtDVGHVXMHWRVGHUHDFFLRQHVFDUDFWHUROyJLFDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHSUHVLYDVSVLFyWLFDVGHFLHQFLDVHQODRUJDQL]DFLyQGHOHVTXHPDFRUSRUDO\FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV
FRQVLGHUDGDVGHQRUPDOLGDG
/DLPSRUWDQFLDFRQFHGLGDDODLQGLFDFLyQ\YDORUDFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWRXQDGHODV~OWLPDVIDVHVGHO
SURFHVRGHHYDOXDFLyQSVLFROyJLFDFRQVWLWX\HRWURGHORVREMHWLYRVGHHVWHSURJUDPDTXHPHKDOOHYDGRD
UHXQLUHQHO~OWLPRFDStWXORORVGLVWLQWRVDERUGDMHVWHUDSpXWLFRVSDUDTXHHOLQWHUHVDGRSXHGDFRQRFHUDGHPiV
GHGLVWLQWRVFRQFHSWRV\RSLQLRQHVVREUHSVLFRWHUDSLDDOJXQRVGHORVWLSRVGHLQWHUYHQFLyQTXHVHDSOLFDQHQ
QXHVWURPHGLRGHVGHOD3VLFRORJtD'LQiPLFDSVLFRWHUDSLDIRFDO\EUHYHSVLFRWHUDSLDGHJUXSRSVLFRWHUDSLD
LQGLYLGXDOGLIHUHQFLDGDGHOWUDWDPLHQWRSVLFRDQDOtWLFR
/D LQGLFDFLyQ \ HYDOXDFLyQ GH OD LQWHUYHQFLyQ PHGLDQWH HO WHVW GH 5RUVFKDFK SHUPLWH HVWXGLDU OD
HYROXFLyQ\HFDFLDGHOWUDWDPLHQWR\FRQRFHUORVFDPELRVHIHFWXDGRVDOQDOL]DUVXDSOLFDFLyQ(ODQiOLVLV
GHO SURFHVR WHUDSpXWLFR SXHGH OOHYDUVH D FDER QR VyOR FRQ OD REVHUYDFLyQ H LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ GHO FRQWHQLGR
ODWHQWH\PDQLHVWRGHODVDVRFLDFLRQHVVLQRWDPELpQPHGLDQWHODDSOLFDFLyQGHODWHRUtDGHODVSRVLFLRQHV
NOHLQLDQDV DO GLVFXUVR GHO SDFLHQWH /DV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GH ODV SRVLFLRQHV HVTXL]RSDUDQRLGH \ GHSUHVLYD
FRQFHSWRVDWXUDGRGHUHODFLRQHVGHREMHWRDQVLHGDGHV\GHIHQVDV\FRQXQVLJQLFDGRWDQWRHYROXWLYRFRPR
SDWROyJLFRSXHGHQREVHUYDUVHHQGLIHUHQWHVPRPHQWRVGHXQDPLVPDVHVLyQWHUDSpXWLFD\HQHOWUDQVFXUVR
GHOWUDWDPLHQWR'HOPLVPRPRGRVHKDGHWHFWDGRXQDFRUUHODFLyQH[LVWHQWHHQWUHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHDPEDV
SRVLFLRQHV\GHWHUPLQDGDVYDULDEOHVGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFKTXHSXHGHQLGHQWLFDUODV
&$378/2,/267(676352<(&7,926
,1752'8&&,1
/RV WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV VRQ SUXHEDV XWLOL]DGDV WUDGLFLRQDOPHQWH HQ HO GLDJQyVWLFR GLQiPLFR GH OD
SHUVRQDOLGDG6XSUHVHQFLDHQODOLWHUDWXUDFLHQWtFDFRPLHQ]DFXDQGR-XQJSXEOLFDVXWHVWGH
$VRFLDFLyQGH3DODEUDV\FRQWLQ~DWRGDYtDHQWUH\DxRVHQORVTXH/&RUPDQ\+3KLOOLSVRQ
DORVTXHSRGUtDPRVFRQVLGHUDUGRVGHORV~OWLPRVDXWRUHVFOiVLFRVQRVSUHVHQWDQVXVUHVSHFWLYRVWHVWVGH
5HODFLRQHVREMHWDOHV\GHO'LEXMRGHOD)DPLOLD(QWUH\VHFUHDQQXPHURVDVSUXHEDVTXHVH
GHVDUUROODQHQVtQWHVLVHQHODSDUWDGR\PiVH[WHQVDPHQWHHQORVVLJXLHQWHVFDStWXORV
,QYHVWLJDFLRQHVSRVWHULRUHVDVRQODVDSRUWDFLRQHVGH-(([QHUDOLQWHJUDUORVFLQFR
VLVWHPDV5RUVFKDFKQRUWHDPHULFDQRVHQXQ~QLFRVLVWHPD7KH&RPSUHKHQVLYH6\VWHPODVLQGDJDFLRQHV
GH6%ODWWHQHOiUHDGHODVUHODFLRQHVGHREMHWRODVFRQWULEXFLRQHVHIHFWXDGDVSRU6
/HY\\(0.RSSLW]DODFRPSUHQVLyQGHOWHVWGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQDODVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHV\
DSRUWDFLRQHVGH(+DPPHU6/HY\(*UDVVDQR0/6LTXLHU\(*$U]HQR
DOHVWXGLRGHO+73\GHO'LEXMRGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQDHQQLxRVDGROHVFHQWHV\DGXOWRV
-0/OXtVDSOLFDHOWHVWGHOD)DPLOLDDWUHVPXHVWUDVDFXPXODGDVGHQLxRV\DGROHVFHQWHV
HVFRODUL]DGRVGHFODVHPHGLDDOWD\EDMDGH%DUFHORQD)LQDOPHQWH7)DJXOKDFUHDHOWHVWeUDVHXQDYH]TXH
SUHVHQWDFRPRSULPLFLDHQ/LVERD\GHVSXpVHQ%RVWRQ\5RPDHQHOPDUFRGHORV;,9
;9\;9,,,QWHUQDWLRQDO5RUVFKDFK&RQJUHVVRIWKH3URMHFWLYH0HWKRGVUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
/DVSUXHEDVSUR\HFWLYDVVHXWLOL]DQIRUPDQGRSDUWHGHO3URFHVRGLDJQyVWLFRHQODIDVHGHUHFRSLODFLyQ
GHLQIRUPDFLyQHQODLQGLFDFLyQSODQLFDFLyQ\HYDOXDFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWRRFRPREDWHUtDPtQLPDHQOD
LQYHVWLJDFLyQGHGHWHUPLQDGDVSDWRORJtDVHVWXGLRVVREUHHOSDFLHQWHHVTXL]RIUpQLFRERUGHUOLQHGHSUHVLYR
HWFSUXHEDVTXHVXHOHQLUSUHFHGLGDVGHXQDHQWUHYLVWDFOtQLFD\RGHXQDSULPHUDHQWUHYLVWDDSDGUHVHQHO
FDVRGHQLxRV\DGROHVFHQWHVMyYHQHV
(/&21&(372'(352<(&&,1
7RGDUHIHUHQFLDDORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVQRVOOHYDDFRQVLGHUDUHOFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQHQHOTXH
VHEDVDQ\SRUHOTXHVHLQWHUSUHWDQHQVXPD\RUtDHVSHFLDOPHQWHHQORTXHFRQFLHUQHDODQiOLVLVFXDOLWDWLYR
GH ODV UHVSXHVWDV OD LQWHUUHODFLyQ FRQ HO H[DPLQDGRU UHDFFLRQHV GH FRODERUDFLyQ H LQKLELFLyQ UHVSHFWR DO
SURFHGLPLHQWRWUDQVIHUHQFLDFRQWUDWUDQVIHUHQFLDHWF
6LJXLHQGR D - /DSODQFKH \ - % 3RQWDOLV SXHGHQ DWULEXLUVH GRV VLJQLFDGRV DO FRQFHSWR
GH SUR\HFFLyQ
$(QSULPHUOXJDUVHWUDWDGHXQWpUPLQRXVDGRHQXQVHQWLGRPX\JHQHUDOHQ1HXURORJtD\)LVLRORJtD
SDUDGHVLJQDUODRSHUDFLyQPHGLDQWHODFXDOXQKHFKRQHXUROyJLFRRVLROyJLFRVHGHVSOD]D\VH
ORFDOL]DHQHOH[WHULRUELHQSDVDQGRGHOFHQWURDODVXSHUFLHELHQSDVDQGRGHOVXMHWRDOREMHWR
+DPPHUFRPSDUDQXPHURVRVGLEXMRVHQEODQFR\QHJURFRQSURGXFFLRQHVJUiFDVDFURPiWLFDVDGHPiVGHFRPSOHPHQWDUODV
LQYHVWLJDFLRQHVGH%XFNVREUHHO+73UHFRSLODQGRODPD\RUSDUWHGHODSURGXFFLyQH[LVWHQWHVREUHWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV
*UDVVDQRUHODFLRQDODSURGXFFLyQJUiFDFRQODFODVLFDFLyQSVLTXLiWULFD6LTXLHU\*DUFtD$U]HQRHODERUDQXQDGHODVVtQWHVLV
HQ7pFQLFDV3UR\HFWLYDVTXHPiVVHKDQXWLOL]DGRHQJUDQSDUWHGHODV)DFXOWDGHVGH3VLFRORJtDGHQXHVWURSDtVHQODGpFDGDGHORV
24
Tests proyectivos
%(QVHJXQGROXJDU\GHVGHHOSXQWRGHYLVWDSVLFRDQDOtWLFRODSUR\HFFLyQHVODRSHUDFLyQSRUPHGLR
GHODFXDOHOVXMHWRH[SXOVDIXHUDGHVtORFDOL]D\SUR\HFWDHQHORWURSHUVRQDRFRVDFXDOLGDGHV
VHQWLPLHQWRVGHVHRVLQFOXVRREMHWRVTXHQRUHFRQRFHRTXHUHFKD]DHQVtPLVPR-/DSODQFKH
-%3RQWDOLV
6LJQLFDGRGHOWpUPLQRSUR\HFFLyQHQ3VLFRORJtD
(O WpUPLQR 3UR\HFFLyQ WLHQH HQ 3VLFRORJtD GLIHUHQWHV VLJQLFDGRV \ GD QRPEUH D ORV VLJXLHQWHV
SURFHVRV
(VXQSURFHVRGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOPXQGRH[WHUQRXWLOL]DGRSRUWRGRVHQIXQFLyQGHODVFDUDFWH
UtVWLFDVSHUVRQDOHVLGHDVGHVHRVHWF5HFRUGHPRVODKLSyWHVLVSUR\HFWLYDHQHOODHOVXMHWRSHUFLEH
HQIXQFLyQGHVXHVWUXFWXUDGHSHUVRQDOLGDG\GHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHVXPXQGRLQWHUQRIDQWDVtDV
PHFDQLVPRVGHGHIHQVDUHODFLyQGHREMHWRTXHVHUiQGLIHUHQWHVVHJ~QVHXELTXHQHQODSRVLFLyQ
HVTXL]RSDUDQRLGHRODGHSUHVLYD/)UDQN5DSDSRUW.OHLQ
3UR\HFFLyQSDUD5DSDSRUW(VWRGRPRGRGHRUJDQL]DUHOPXQGRSULYDGRGHOVXMHWR7RGRVHJPHQWR
GHFRPSRUWDPLHQWRPXHVWUDODLPSURQWDGHODRUJDQL]DFLyQGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGUHVSHFWLYD\SHUPLWHOD
UHFRQVWUXFFLyQGHORVSULQFLSLRVRUJDQL]DWLYRVHVSHFtFRVGHHVWDSHUVRQDOLGDG
6H GHVLJQD FRQ HO QRPEUH GH SUR\HFFLyQ DO IHQyPHQR GH OD WUDQVIHUHQFLD SRU HO TXH HO SDFLHQWH
SUR\HFWDVREUHHODQDOLVWDODLPDJHQGHVXSDGUHXRWURVDGXOWRVWUDQVIHUHQFLDSVLFRDQDOtWLFD)UHXG

(VHOSURFHVRTXHHQSVLFRDQiOLVLVVHGHQRPLQDLGHQWLFDFLyQ)UHXGHOVXMHWRVH
DVLPLODDRWUDVSHUVRQDVRVHUHVVHDQDQLPDGRVRLQDQLPDGRV/D)RQWDLQHSUR\HFWDHQORVDQLPDOHV
GHVXV)iEXODVVHQWLPLHQWRV\UD]RQDPLHQWRVDQWURSRPyUFRVVXEUD\D'$Q]LHX
2WURVLJQLFDGRHVHOGHODSUR\HFFLyQFRPRPHFDQLVPRGHGHIHQVDFRQVLVWHQWHHQDWULEXLUDOPXQGR
H[WHUQRGHVHRVVHQWLPLHQWRVRUHFXHUGRVTXHHOVXMHWRFRQVLGHUDLQDFHSWDEOHVRQRSXHGHWROHUDU6
)UHXG
&RQVWLWX\HXQDGHIHQVDSULPDULDIUHQWHDODDQVLHGDGFRQWULEX\HDDOWHUDUODSHUFHSFLyQH[WHULRU\VH
GDGHIRUPDH[WUHPDHQODSDUDQRLD6)UHXG
(OFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQHQOD2EUDGH6)UHXG
(OSULPHURHQXWLOL]DUHOWpUPLQRSUR\HFFLyQHV6)UHXGHQHQVXREUD/DQHXUDVWHQLD
\ODQHXURVLVGHDQJXVWLDHQODTXHDUPDTXHODSVLTXHGHVDUUROODXQDQHXURVLVGHDQJXVWLDFXDQGRQRVH
VLHQWHHQFRQGLFLRQHVGHFRQWURODUODH[FLWDFLyQTXHVXUJHHQGyJHQDPHQWH\DFW~DFRPRVLKXELHUD
SUR\HFWDGRHVWDH[FLWDFLyQDOPXQGRH[WHULRU
(Q HQ 1XHYDV REVHUYDFLRQHV VREUH ODV QHXURSVLFRVLV GH GHIHQVD 6 )UHXG DUPD TXH OD
SUR\HFFLyQ HV XQ SURFHVR TXH FRQVLVWH HQ DWULEXLU ORV SURSLRV LPSXOVRV VHQWLPLHQWRV R DIHFWRV D RWUDV
SHUVRQDVFRPRXQIHQyPHQRGHIHQVLYR
(Q HO FDVR 6FKUHEHU 6 )UHXG HQ 2EVHUYDFLRQHV SVLFRDQDOtWLFDV VREUH XQ FDVR GH
SDUDQRLD HODERUD GH QXHYR HVWH FRQFHSWR DXQTXH HQ HVWH FDVR VH REVHUYD MXQWR D RWURV PHFDQLVPRV GH
GHIHQVD(OSDUDQRLFRWUDQVIRUPDVXVWHQGHQFLDVKRPRVH[XDOHVSUR\HFWDVXVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVLQWROHUDEOHV
TXHYXHOYHQDpOGHVGHIXHUDHQIRUPDGHUHSURFKHV
(O <R OR DPR VH WUDQVIRUPD PHGLDQWH OD UHSUHVLyQ SUR\HFFLyQ \ IRUPDFLyQ UHDFWLYD HQ pO PH
RGLD
<RORDPRWHQGHQFLDKRPRVH[XDOGDSDVRSRUUHSUHVLyQ\IRUPDFLyQUHDFWLYDD
<RORRGLRTXHWDPSRFRSXHGHVHUWROHUDGR\TXHDVXYH]VHWUDQVIRUPDFRPRPHGLRGHOLEHUDUVH
GHHVWHHVWRUERHQ
eOPHRGLD
/DDWULEXFLyQGHORGLRRFXUUHSRUTXHODDSDULFLyQGHODUHSUHVHQWDFLyQWHQGHQFLDKRPRVH[XDOHQOD
FRQFLHQFLD<RORDPRTXHGDSURKLELGDSRUHO6XSHU<R(OVHQWLPLHQWRGHDPRUVHWUDQVIRUPDHQVXFRQWUDULR
QRORDPRVLQRTXHORRGLR6LQHPEDUJRHVWHVHQWLPLHQWRKRVWLO\RORRGLRQRSXHGHVHUWROHUDGRGXUDQWH
PXFKRWLHPSRHQODFRQFLHQFLD\VHWUDQVIRUPDQXHYDPHQWHHQeOPHRGLDSRUTXHVLHPSUHHVPiVIiFLO
HQIUHQWDUVHDXQSHOLJURSUR\HFWDGRHQHOH[WHULRUeOPHRGLDTXHDXQRLQWHULRUL]DGR<RORDPRSURKLELGR
<RORRGLRSRUTXHPHSHUVLJXH\QRSXHGRKDFHURWUDFRVD6)UHXG$Q]LHX
Los tests proyectivos
25
(QWRGRVHVWRVFDVRVODSUR\HFFLyQVHGHVFULEHFRPRXQDGHIHQVDSULPDULDIUHQWHDODDQVLHGDG\
FRQVWLWX\HHODEXVRGHXQPHFDQLVPRQRUPDOFRQVLVWHQWHHQEXVFDUHQHOH[WHULRUHORULJHQGHXQGLVSODFHU
(OSDUDQRLFRSUR\HFWDVXVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVLQWROHUDEOHVTXHYXHOYHQDpOGHVGHIXHUDHQIRUPDGHUHSURFKHV
DWUDYpVGHORVPHFDQLVPRVGHUHSUHVLyQIRUPDFLyQUHDFWLYD\SUR\HFFLyQ
(QHOFDVR6FKUHEHU)UHXGUHGHVFULEHHOFRQWHQLGRGHOVLVWHPDGHOLUDQWHGHHVWHSDFLHQWH
6HFRQVLGHUDEDOODPDGRDUHGLPLUDOPXQGR\GHYROYHUOHODELHQDYHQWXUDQ]DSHUGLGD3HURVyORSRGUtD
FRQVHJXLUORGHVSXpVGHKDEHUVHWUDQVIRUPDGRHQPXMHU2EUDVFRPSOHWDVS
(Q7yWHP\WDE~6)UHXGODSUR\HFFLyQVLJXHVLHQGRXQSURFHVRGHIHQVLYRIUHQWHDOD

DQVLHGDG6LQHPEDUJRHQHVWDPLVPDREUDODSUR\HFFLyQQRVyORHVXWLOL]DGDFRPRGHIHQVDVLQRIRUPDQGR
SDUWHGHXQSURFHVRHYROXWLYRQDWXUDOHQHOTXHQRVLHPSUHKD\FRQLFWRV/DSUR\HFFLyQGHSHUFHSFLRQHV
LQWHUQDV DO H[WHULRU HV XQ PHFDQLVPR SULPLWLYR TXH LQX\H HQ QXHVWUDV SHUFHSFLRQHV VHQVRULDOHV GH WDO
PDQHUDTXHSDUWLFLSDHQODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHQXHVWURPXQGRLQWHUQRLGHQWLFDFLyQSUR\HFWLYDLGHQWLFDFLyQ
FRQHODJUHVRUHWF
3HURHVFRQOD,QWHUSUHWDFLyQGHORVVXHxRVFXDQGR)UHXGFRQVLJXHXQYHUGDGHURLPSDFWR
DO GHVFULELU HO IXQFLRQDPLHQWR GH XQ VLVWHPD SURWRPHQWDO GHVFRQRFLGR KDVWD HQWRQFHV 6H WUDWD GH XQD GH
ODVLGHDVQXFOHDUHVGHODWHRUtDSVLFRDQDOtWLFDODSUHVHQFLDGHXQFRQWHQLGRODWHQWHRFXOWRLQREVHUYDEOHD
VLPSOH YLVWD UHODFLRQDGR FRQ RWURV FODUDPHQWH PDQLHVWRV (Q HVWD WUDQVIRUPDFLyQ GHO FRQWHQLGR ODWHQWH
PDWHULDOLGHROyJLFRHQFRQWHQLGRPDQLHVWRLQWHUYLHQHQGRVPHFDQLVPRVIXQGDPHQWDOHVODFRQGHQVDFLyQ
\HOGHVSOD]DPLHQWR
)UHXGLQWURGXFHODKLSyWHVLVGHOGHWHUPLQLVPRSVtTXLFRRKLSyWHVLVGHODFDXVDOLGDGSVtTXLFDSRUOD
FXDOJUDFLDVDODSUR\HFFLyQODUHVSXHVWDGHOSDFLHQWHSXHGHFRQVWLWXLUXQUHHMRGHXQFRQWHQLGRPiVRFXOWR
LQREVHUYDEOH\TXHPHGLDQWHODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQSRGUiFRQYHUWLUVHHQREVHUYDEOH
(Q HVWD REUD SUR\HFFLyQ SXHGH LQWHUSUHWDUVH FRPR SUR\HFFLyQ GH XQ GHVHR \ WDPELpQ FRPR
VDWLVIDFFLyQ DOXFLQDWRULD GH GHVHRV 8Q VXHxR HV XQD SUR\HFFLyQ XQD H[WHUQDOL]DFLyQ GH XQ SURFHVR
LQWHULRUFX\DVDVSLUDFLRQHVKDQTXHGDGRVDWLVIHFKDV(OVXMHWRHQHVWDGRGHVXHxRFDUHFHGHOFULWHULRSDUD
GLIHUHQFLDUHQWUHODVSHUFHSFLRQHVVHQVRULDOHVSURFHGHQWHVGHOH[WHULRU\ODVSURFHGHQWHVGHOLQWHULRU(Q/D
OLWHUDWXUDFLHQWtFDVREUHORVSUREOHPDVRQtULFRVS
3RURWURODGRDOGRUPLUVHUHFRQVWLWX\HHOQDUFLVLVPRSULPLWLYRJUDFLDVDXQDUHJUHVLyQWHPSRUDO2WUD
IRUPDGHUHJUHVLyQDXQDIDVHSULPLWLYDGHOGHVDUUROOROLELGLQDOVHGDDWUDYpVGHODVDWLVIDFFLyQDOXFLQDWRULD
GHGHVHRV(QOD,QWURGXFFLyQDOQDUFLVLVPRORVGHVHRVQRUHDOL]DGRVSXHGHQSUR\HFWDUVHHQORV
VXHxRVS
(QHQVXREUD/RLQFRQVFLHQWH6)UHXGGHVFULEHODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHODVIRELDV(QODIRELDHO
LQGLYLGXRSXHGHSURWHJHUVHSRUPHGLRGHWHQWDWLYDVGHIXJDFRQWUDXQSHOLJURH[WHUQR
(O<RVHFRPSRUWDFRPRVLHOSHOLJURGHDSDULFLyQGHODDQJXVWLDQRSURFHGLHVHGHXQLPSXOVRLQVWLQWLYR
VLQRGHXQDSHUFHSFLyQ\HQFRQVHFXHQFLDSXHGHUHDFFLRQDUFRQWUDHVWDDPHQD]DH[WHULRUSRUPHGLRGHODV
WHQWDWLYDV GH IXJD TXH VXSRQHQ ODV SUHFDXFLRQHV IyELFDV /R LQFRQVFLHQWH S WHPD TXH FRQWLQ~D
WUDWDQGRPiVDGHODQWHHQ,QKLELFLyQVtQWRPD\DQJXVWLD
3RVWHULRUPHQWH )UHXG DJUHJD TXH MXQWR D OD SUR\HFFLyQ GH DVSHFWRV LQFRQVFLHQWHV FRH[LVWH OD
SHUFHSFLyQGHDVSHFWRVFRQVFLHQWHV/DSUR\HFFLyQHVXQSURFHVRSVtTXLFRSULPDULRSDUHFLGRDOUHDOL]DGR
GXUDQWHHOVXHxRUHDOL]DFLyQDOXFLQDWRULDGHGHVHRVTXHWDPELpQRFXUUHHQODWUDQVIHUHQFLDSVLFRDQDOtWLFD
&XDGURV,\,,
/DSUR\HFFLyQHVWiLPSOLFDGDHQORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVSHURQRHVHO~QLFRSURFHVRVLQRTXHVHGDFRPR
YHUHPRVPiVDGHODQWHFRQMXQWDPHQWHFRQODSHUFHSFLyQ&DS,,
/DFRQGHQVDFLyQHVXQRGHORVPHFDQLVPRVHVHQFLDOHVGHOIXQFLRQDPLHQWRLQFRQVFLHQWHTXHVHGHVDUUROODHQORVVXHxRV\HQHO
TXHXQVRORHOHPHQWRUHSUHVHQWD\FRQGHQVDGLYHUVDVFDGHQDVDVRFLDWLYDV
(OPHFDQLVPRGHGHVSOD]DPLHQWRSHUPLWHTXHODFDUJDOLELGLQDODVRFLDGDLQLFLDOPHQWHDXQDUHSUHVHQWDFLyQVHGHVSUHQGD\VH
YLQFXOHDRWUDVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVPXFKRPHQRVLQWHQVDVSHURUHODFLRQDGDVFRQHOOD
)UHXG6/RLQFRQVFLHQWH2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO9,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD
26
Tests proyectivos
&8$'521,&21&(372'(352<(&&,1(1/$2%5$'()5(8'
$f2
2%5$
&217(1,'2

/$1(85$67(1,$<
/$1(8526,6'(
$1*867,$
352<(&&,1 '(6&21752/
/DSVLTXHVGHVDUUROODXQDQHXURVLVGHDQJXVWLDFXDQGRQRVHVLHQWHHQ
FRQGLFLRQHVGHFRQWURODUODH[FLWDFLyQVH[XDOTXHVXUJHHQGyJHQDPHQWH

18(9$6
2%6(59$&,21(6
62%5(/$6
1(85236,&26,6
'('()(16$
352<(&&,1 '()(16$
(VXQSURFHVRTXHFRQVLVWHHQDWULEXLUORVSURSLRVLPSXOVRVVHQWLPLHQWRVR
DIHFWRVDRWUDVSHUVRQDVFRPRXQIHQyPHQRGHIHQVLYR

/$,17(535(7$&,1
'(/2668(f26

352<(&&,1 352<(&&,1'('(6(26
8QVXHxRHVXQDSUR\HFFLyQGHXQSURFHVRLQWHULRUFX\DVDVSLUDFLRQHVKDQ
TXHGDGRVDWLVIHFKDV/RVVXHxRVGHUHDOL]DFLyQGHGHVHRVVHRULHQWDQGHVGHHO
SUHVHQWHKDFLDHOSDVDGRKDFLDHOUHFXHUGRDXQTXHSXHGDQHODERUDUVHSVLFR
DQDOtWLFDPHQWHHQHOSUHVHQWH

$1/,6,6
)5$*0(17$5,2
'(81$+,67(5,$
&$62'25$
352<(&&,1 &216(59$&,1'(/1$5&,6,602
(OSDFLHQWHDWULEX\HDRWUDVSHUVRQDVODUHVSRQVDELOLGDGGHORTXHOHRFXUUH
/DSUR\HFFLyQWLHQHODIXQFLyQGHFRQVHUYDUVXHVWUXFWXUD\FRQVWLWX\H
XQDGHIHQVDIUHQWHDODSURSLDLPDJHQ

2%6(59$&,21(6
36,&2$1$/7,&$6
62%5(81&$62'(
3$5$12,$&$62
6&+5(%(5
352<(&&,1 '()(16$35,0$5,$)5(17($/$$16,('$'
(OSDUDQRLFRWUDQVIRUPDVXVWHQGHQFLDVKRPRVH[XDOHVSUR\HFWDVXV
UHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVLQWROHUDEOHVTXHYXHOYHQDpOGHVGHIXHUDHQIRUPDGH
UHSURFKHV(OVXMHWREXVFDHQHOH[WHULRUODFDXVDGHXQGLVSODFHUGHOLULRVGHVHU
SHUVHJXLGRGHOLULRVGHJUDQGH]D&RQVWLWX\HXQSURFHVRGHLQWURYHUVLyQGHOD
OLELGRVH[XDO

77(0<7$%
352<(&&,1 '()(16$)RUPDSDUWHGHXQSURFHVRHYROXWLYRQDWXUDOHQHO
TXHQRVLHPSUHKD\FRQLFWR

,1752'8&&,1$/
1$5&,6,602

352<(&&,1 352<(&&,1'('(6(26
/RVGHVHRVQRUHDOL]DGRVSXHGHQSUR\HFWDUVHHQORVVXHxRVGRQGHHOORJUR
FRQWULEX\HDLQFUHPHQWDUODDXWRHVWLPD6HUHODFLRQDODOLELGRGHO<R\ODOLELGR
REMHWDO
27
&8$'521,,&21&(372'(352<(&&,1(1/$2%5$'()5(8'
$f2
2%5$
&217(1,'2

/$638/6,21(6<
686'(67,126

352<(&&,1 1$5&,6,602
6HHVWDEOHFHGHVGHXQSXQWRGHYLVWDHFRQyPLFRODUHODFLyQH[LVWHQWHHQWUH
SUR\HFFLyQ\QDUFLVLVPR)UHXGGHVFULEHXQHVWDGLRSULPLWLYRQDUFLVLVWDGH
DXWRFRPSODFHQFLDFRPRSDVRSUHYLRHQODHYROXFLyQGHOEHEp YLQFXODGRGHVGHXQ
SULQFLSLRDODUHODFLyQGHREMHWR

/2,1&216&,(17(

352<(&&,19,1&8/$'$$0(&$1,6026'('()(16$
/DSUR\HFFLyQDSDUHFHUHODFLRQDGDLJXDOPHQWHFRQRWURVPHFDQLVPRVGH
GHIHQVD/DSUR\HFFLyQHTXLYDOHDXQSURFHVRSVtTXLFRSULPDULRSDUHFLGRDO
UHDOL]DGRGXUDQWHHOVXHxR6HH[SOLFDHOGHVDUUROORGHOPHFDQLVPRGHODIRELD
FDVRGHOSHTXHxR+DQV
/$$',&,10(7$
36,&2/*,&$$/$

7(25$'(/26

68(f26
1$785$/(=$352<(&7,9$'(/2668(f26
0RVWUDUtDHOGHVLQWHUpVSRUHOPXQGRH[WHUQR\FyPRpVWHHVLQWURGXFLGR
VXWLOPHQWH\GHIRUPDLQFRQVFLHQWHHQHOFRQWHQLGRGHOVXHxR

/$352<(&&,1 7(1'(1&,$'(5,9$'$'(/$6&21',&,21(6
'((48,/,%5,2',10,&2<(&210,&23UHGRPLQDQHQHORUJDQLVPR
ODVWHQGHQFLDVTXHEXVFDQHOHTXLOLEULRDVLPLODQGRHOHTXLOLEULRDORTXHGDSODFHU
\HOGHVHTXLOLEULRDORTXHRULJLQDGLVSODFHURDXPHQWRGHWHQVLyQ(QWURQFDUtD
FRQORVSRVWXODGRVGHOD3VLFRORJtD&RJQLWLYDGH-3LDJHW\OD(VFXHODGH
*LQHEUD
06$//'(/
35,1&,3,2'(/
3/$&(5

,1+,%,&,1
352<(&&,1 3$6235(9,2$/'(63/$=$0,(172

61720$<
$1*867,$

'(/$)2%,$
(QHOFDVRGHOSHTXHxR+DQVpVWHSUR\HFWD\GHVSOD]DDOH[WHULRUVXV
IDQWDVtDV\VHQWLPLHQWRVFRQYLUWLHQGRHQIRELDDOFDEDOORHOPLHGRTXHVLHQWH
KDFLDVXSDGUH
(OFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQHQORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
(OFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQTXHVHDSOLFDHQORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVGLHUHGHOXWLOL]DGRSRU6)UHXGHQ
XQDSULPHUDpSRFD\DTXHHQHOODHODXWRUVyORKDFHUHIHUHQFLDDODSUR\HFFLyQGHDVSHFWRVLQFRQVFLHQWHV\
GHIHQVLYRV0LHQWUDVTXHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVIDYRUHFHQODSUR\HFFLyQGHDVSHFWRVWDQWRLQFRQVFLHQWHVFRPR
FRQVFLHQWHVYLQFXODGRVDODQRUPDOLGDG\DODSDWRORJtD(MHPSORVTXHSXHGHQREVHUYDUVHHQHO5RUVFKDFKR
HQHOWHVW31HQWUHRWURVFXDQGRHOVXMHWRUHFWLFDXQFRQWHQLGRHQODHQFXHVWDFRQWURODQGRDVtODHPLVLyQ
GHXQSRVLEOHFyGLJRHVSHFLDO5RUVFKDFKRVHGHHQGHGHODSUR\HFFLyQGHVXVWHQGHQFLDVHQSUHIHUHQFLDV
HLGHQWLFDFLRQHV3,HQHOWHVW31DOQHJDUVRVOD\DURUDFLRQDOL]DUXQFRQWHQLGRTXHKXELHUDH[SUHVDGRFRQ
DQWHULRULGDGHQOD+LVWRULDGHSHQGHGHODLQWHQVLGDG\IRUWDOH]DGHODGHIHQVDSDUDFRQVLGHUDUDOPHFDQLVPR
QRUPDORSDWROyJLFR
/DV FRQFOXVLRQHV GH +ROPHV FLWDGDV SRU YLOD VHxDODQ TXH HQ WRGD SHUFHSFLyQ KD\
SUR\HFFLyQ\TXHpVWDQRHV~QLFDPHQWHLQFRQVFLHQWHFRLQFLGLHQGRFRQORSRVWXODGRSRU6)UHXGDSDUWLUGH

(Q\$YLODUHYLVD\GHVWDFDGLIHUHQWHVKLSyWHVLVDOJXQDVGLUHFWDPHQWHUHODFLRQDGDVFRQ
HOFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQ
+LSyWHVLV3UR\HFWLYDFOiVLFD
3DUWH GHO FRQFHSWR IUHXGLDQR TXH FRQVLGHUD OD SUR\HFFLyQ FRPR XQD

GHIHQVDSULPDULDIUHQWHDODDQJXVWLD
+LSyWHVLV+ROtVWLFDIXQFLRQDO
6H FRQFLEH OD SHUVRQDOLGDG FRPR XQ WRGR HQ LQWHUDFFLyQ FRQWLQXD \

GLQiPLFD FRQ HO PHGLR H[WHUQR /D KLSyWHVLV KROtVWLFD GHWHUPLQy OD
28
Tests proyectivos

+LSyWHVLVGHOD'HVYLDFLyQ

+LSyWHVLVGHO1LYHOGH
DGDSWDFLyQ

+LSyWHVLVGHORV(VWDGRV
GLUHFWLYRV
+LSyWHVLVGHOD$FWLYLGDG
SHUFHSWLYD
+LSyWHVLVGHOD6LWXDFLyQ
H[SHULPHQWDO

+LSyWHVLV&RJQLWLYR
H[SHULPHQWDO

+LSyWHVLV&RJQLWLYo$SOLFDGD

+LSyWHVLV([LVWHQFLDOKXPDQLVWD

QXHYDRULHQWDFLyQGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVHQODTXHVXUJHHOFRQFHSWR
GH DSHUFHSFLyQ \ GLVWRUVLyQ DSHUFHSWLYD WpUPLQRV XWLOL]DGRV SRU
%HOODNHQVXFXiGUXSOHFODVLFDFLyQ&DS,
(VWDKLSyWHVLVVRVWLHQHTXHFRQORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVHLQWHQWDnFRQRFHU
ODVGHVYLDFLRQHVSHUVRQDOHVGHODVSDXWDVGHUHVSXHVWDSURFHGHQWHVGH
ORVVLVWHPDVLQGLYLGXDOHVGHODPD\RUtDGHODVSHUVRQDV
3DUWHGHODDPELJHGDGGHORVHVWtPXORVTXHFRQX\HQHQHVWRVWHVWV,
ORVFXDOHVLQX\HQHQODVGLIHUHQFLDVLQGLYLGXDOHV,HQODSHUFHSFLyQGHO
REMHWR/DVUHVSXHVWDVVHFODVLFDQGHDFXHUGRDODVIRUPDVGHSHUFLELUHO
HVWtPXOR &RPR IRFR SULQFLSDO &RPR WUDVIRQGR GHO FDPSR
SHUFHSWLYR&RPRUHVLGXRGHH[SHULHQFLDVDQWHULRUHV
6HJ~Q HVWD KLSyWHVLV HO SURFHVR SHUFHSWLYR HVWDUtD GHWHUPLQDGR SRU
HVWDGRVLQWHUQRV\HVSHFtFRVGHORUJDQLVPR
6H YLQFXOD OD DFWLYDFLyQ GHO SURFHVR SHUFHSWLYR D OD GLVSRVLFLyQ
LQGLYLGXDO
3DUWH GHO LQWHQWR GH DGDSWDU ORV WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV D OD FRQVLGHUDFLyQ
GHO FRQGXFWLVPR PHGLDFLRQDO (25 GRQGH HO SDSHO GH 2 HV SDUD
DOJXQRVVLPLODUDOGHOVLWXDFLRQLVPR6HJ~QODKLSyWHVLVVLWXDFLRQDO
H[SHULPHQWDO ORV WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV VH DSOLFDUtDQ HQ XQD VLWXDFLyQ
H[SHULPHQWDOHQODTXHHOFRQWUROGHGHWHUPLQDGDVYDULDEOHVH[WHUQDV\
PHGLDFLRQDOHVSRWHQFLDUtDHODQiOLVLVGHODVUHVSXHVWDVDOWHVW
'HVGH HVWD KLSyWHVLV VH GD VRSRUWH D ORV SURFHGLPLHQWRV GH SURFHVDU
ODLQIRUPDFLyQDSOLFDQGRXQPRGHORGHSURFHVDPLHQWRDODVLWXDFLyQ
GHWHVWDOWUDWDUGHFRQRFHUDWUDYpVGHODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHORVHVWtPXORV
OR TXH SDVD SRU OD PHQWH GHO VXMHWR GHVGH OD SUHVHQWDFLyQ GHO FDPSR
HVWLPXODUGHODOiPLQDKDVWDTXHVHSURGXFHODUHVSXHVWDLQYHVWLJDFLRQHV
VREUH HO SURFHVR GH UHVSXHVWD LQLFLDGDV SRU 5RUVFKDFK \ FRQWLQXDGDV
SRU([QHU\RWURVDXWRUHV
6HJ~Q HVWD KLSyWHVLV VH FRQFLEH OD SUR\HFLyQ FRPR OD H[SUHVLyQ GHO
FRPSRUWDPLHQWRHQFXELHUWRGHXQLQGLYLGXRHQUHODFLyQDORVHVWtPXORV
UHOHYDQWHVSXGLHQGRVHUXQLQGLFDGRUGHODFDSDFLGDGGHDGDSWDFLyQDOD
UHDOLGDG
'HVGHHVWDKLSyWHVLVSURFHGHQWHGHHQIRTXHVKXPDQLVWDV\H[LVWHQFLDOHV
VREUHODSHUVRQDOLGDGHOWUDWDPLHQWRSVLFROyJLFR\OD3VLFRORJtD&OtQLFD
VH RWRUJD D ODV WpFQLFDV SUR\HFWLYDV OD FDSDFLGDG GH SRGHU
FRQFHSWXDOL]DU OD H[SHULHQFLD GH ORV GHPiV GH IRUPD VLVWHPiWLFD \
FRQVLVWHQWH
/D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYDGH/$EW\/%HOODN
/$EW\/%HOODNLQWHQWDQKDFHUGHOD3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYDXQDWHRUtDLQGHSHQGLHQWHTXH
FRQVWLWX\DODEDVHGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV6HJ~Q/%HOODNHOVXSXHVWREiVLFRGH)UHXGHVTXHORVUHFXHUGRV
GHODVSHUFHSFLRQHVSDVDGDVLQX\HQVREUHODSHUFHSFLyQGHHVWtPXORVDFWXDOHV\QRVyORFRQQHVGHGHIHQVD
(QFRQVHFXHQFLDSRVWXODTXHWRGDSHUFHSFLyQDFWXDOVXIUHODLQXHQFLDGHODSHUFHSFLyQSDVDGD
/%HOODNSURSRQHXWLOL]DUHOWpUPLQRGHDSHUFHSFLyQHQOXJDUGHOGHSUR\HFFLyQFXDQGRVHUHHUH
D ORV SURFHVRV SHUFHSWLYRV JHQHUDOHV$Vt GHQH OD DSHUFHSFLyQ FRPR OD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ GLQiPLFDPHQWH
VLJQLFDWLYD TXH XQ RUJDQLVPR KDFH GH XQD SHUFHSFLyQ \ GLVWLQJXH FXDWUR PRGDOLGDGHV GH GLVWRUVLyQ
DSHUFHSWLYDSUR\HFFLyQLQYHUWLGDSUR\HFFLyQVLPSOHVHQVLELOL]DFLyQ\H[WHUQDOL]DFLyQ
$EW/%HOODN//D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYD%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
29
/D SUR\HFFLyQ LQYHUWLGD HV HO JUDGR Pi[LPR GH GLVWRUVLyQ DSHUFHSWLYD SURSLR GH OD SDUDQRLD
5HFRUGHPRVHOFDVR6FKUHEHUHQHOTXHODSUR\HFFLyQHVHOPHFDQLVPRSUHGRPLQDQWH,GiQGRVHMXQWR
DRWURVPHFDQLVPRVODLQYHUVLyQGHODIHFWR
/D SUR\HFFLyQ VLPSOH HV XQ WLSR GH DSHUFHSFLyQ LJXDOPHQWH LQFRQVFLHQWH \ GH FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV
VLPLODUHVSHURVLQOOHJDUDOJUDGRGHSDWRORJtDDQWHULRU
/DVHQVLELOL]DFLyQVHKDOODYLQFXODGDDSURFHVRVQHXUyWLFRV\DTXHQRVHREVHUYDODJUDYHGLVWRUVLyQ
TXHPXHVWUDQRWURVWLSRVGHSUR\HFFLyQ
/D H[WHUQDOL]DFLyQ VH REVHUYD HQ SURFHVRV SUHFRQVFLHQWHV \ SVHXGRQRUPDOHV HQ ORV TXH HO VXMHWR
SXHGHUHFRQRFHUVXVSUR\HFFLRQHV
8QDDPSOLDFLyQGHHVWHWHPDVHHQFXHQWUDHQ/$EW\/%HOODN/D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYD
/DVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVFLWDGDV\RGHVDUUROODGDVHQORVSUy[LPRVFDStWXORVSXHGHQFRQVWLWXLUXQDPXHVWUDGHOD
FRQWULEXFLyQGHO5RUVFKDFK\ODVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVDOGLDJQyVWLFR\ODLQWHUYHQFLyQSVLFROyJLFD
1$785$/(=$'(/267(676352<(&7,926
(O SULPHUR HQ FUHDU OD H[SUHVLyQ 0pWRGRV 3UR\HFWLYRV HV / . )UDQN HQ HQ VX DUWtFXOR
3URMHFWLYH0HWKRGVIRUWKHVWXG\RISHUVRQDOLW\SDUDGHVLJQDUODVSUXHEDVSVLFROyJLFDVTXHLPSOLFDQOD
SUHVHQWDFLyQGHXQDVLWXDFLyQHVWtPXORTXHSXHGHVHUUHVSRQGLGDGHPXFKDVPDQHUDV\TXHHYRFDHQHOVXMHWR
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHVXSHUVRQDOLGDG
)UDQNDSOLFDHOFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQFRQREMHWRGHPRVWUDUFyPRHOVXMHWRFRQWHPSODODUHDOLGDG
HQIXQFLyQGHODVH[SHULHQFLDVDGTXLULGDVHQHOSDVDGR\GHVXVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVLQWHUQDV

3RGHPRVFDSWDUODSHUVRQDOLGDGGHOLQGLYLGXRHLQGXFLUORDUHYHODUVXPDQHUDSDUWLFXODUGHRUJDQL]DUOD
H[SHULHQFLDRIUHFLpQGROHXQFDPSRGHREMHWRVPDWHULDOHV\H[SHULHQFLDVUHODWLYDPHQWHSRFRHVWUXFWXUDGR\
SRFRGRWDGRGHRUJDQL]DFLyQFXOWXUDODQGHTXHSXHGDSUR\HFWDUVREUHHVHFDPSRPDOHDEOHVXPDQHUDGHYHUOD
YLGDHOVHQWLGRTXHWLHQHQSDUDpOVXVYDORUHVVXVHVWUXFWXUDV\VREUHWRGRVXVVHQWLPLHQWRVRSXVFLW
'H HVWH PRGR VH SURYRFD OD SUR\HFFLyQ GHO PXQGR LQWHUQR LQVWDQGR DO VXMHWR D TXH RUJDQLFH HO
FDPSRGHHVWtPXORVORLQWHUSUHWH\SXHGDUHDFFLRQDUDQWHpODIHFWLYDPHQWH&RQVWLWX\HRWUDKLSyWHVLVVREUH
ODSUR\HFFLyQ
)UDQNFUHDVHJ~Q'$Q]LHXODH[SUHVLyQPpWRGRSUR\HFWLYRFRQREMHWRGHGHVWDFDUHOSDUHQWHVFR
H[LVWHQWHHQWUHWUHVSUXHEDVSVLFROyJLFDV\DFRQRFLGDVHQHVWDpSRFD
(OWHVWGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDVGH-XQJ
(OWHVWGHODV0DQFKDVGHWLQWDGH+5RUVFKDFK
(OWHVWGH$SHUFHSFLyQWHPiWLFDGH+$0XUUD\
/DV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV GH / . )UDQN FRQVWLWX\HQ HO SULPHU LQWHQWR GH VLVWHPDWL]DU HVWDV SUXHEDV
ODV FXDOHV VH EDVDQ HQ OD KLSyWHVLV GHQRPLQDGD D SDUWLU GH 5DSDSRUW KLSyWHVLV SUR\HFWLYD
VHJ~QODFXDOHQFXDOTXLHUSHUFHSFLyQGHXQDVLWXDFLyQH[WHUQDLQWHUYLHQHQDVSHFWRVLQWHUQRVSRUORTXHODV
HVWUXFWXUDVSVLFROyJLFDV(OOR<R6XSHU\RRUDVJRVHVHQFLDOHVGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGDWUDYpVGHOLQFRQVFLHQWH
\GHOFRQWHQLGRODWHQWHGHODVUHVSXHVWDVSXHGHQDSDUHFHUHQHOFRPSRUWDPLHQWRPDQLHVWRUHVSXHVWDVDORV
HVWtPXORVGHOWHVW
5DSDSRUWVRVWLHQH
6LWRGDDFWLYLGDGGHXQLQGLYLGXRGDGROOHYDHQVtHOVHOORGHVXLQGLYLGXDOLGDGVLVHODLQWHUSUHWD
FRUUHFWDPHQWH FXDOTXLHU FRQGXFWD GHEHUi VHUYLU FRPR tQGLFH GH VX LQGLYLGXDOLGDG \ GH VXV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GH
DGDSWDFLyQRLQDGDSWDFLyQ
:KLWH SURSRQH OODPDU D HVWDV SUXHEDV WHVWV GH LPDJLQDFLyQ %HOODFN ORV GHQRPLQD
WHVWVGHDSHUFHSFLyQ:%&DWWHOOWHVWVGLQiPLFRV\(\VHQFNWHVWVQRHVWUXFWXUDGRV7DOFRPR
/DDXWRUDVHUHHUHDODVQXPHURVDVDSRUWDFLRQHVGH([QHU:HLQHU\XQODUJRHWFpWHUDGHDXWRUHVTXHDSOLFDURQVLQFRQVWLWXLU
XQDUpSOLFDDOJXQDVGHODVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVGH([QHU%XFN*UDVVDQRHWF
30
Tests proyectivos
VXEUD\DYLODHOFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQXWLOL]DGRSRU/)UDQNHVHOPLVPRTXHDSOLFDUtD

/HZLQDOUHIHULUVHDODRUJDQL]DFLyQGHOFDPSRSHUFHSWLYR
6HYHUiQDOJXQDVGHVXVSULQFLSDOHVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVDVtFRPRODVFODVLFDFLRQHVDSRUWDGDVSRUGLYHUVRV
HVWXGLRVRV
'(6$552//2'(/267(676352<(&7,926
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVHEDVDQHQODFRQFHSFLyQGHOLQGLYLGXRFRPRXQ WRGRFRQFHSFLyQKROtVWLFD
GHODSHUVRQDOLGDGGRWDGRGHXQDHVWUXFWXUDLQWHUQDGLQiPLFD\SHUVRQDOUHJLGDSRUOH\HVHFRQyPLFDV\
HVSHFtFDV6XREMHWLYRHVIDYRUHFHUHOFRQRFLPLHQWRGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGLQGLYLGXDOUHHMDGDHQODFRQGXFWD
\H[SUHVDGDDWUDYpVGHODVUHVSXHVWDVGDGDVSRUHOVXMHWR\UHJLVWUDGDVHQVXVUHVSHFWLYRVSURWRFRORV
3DUD-(%HOO,ODSHUVRQDOLGDGHVXQDHVWUXFWXUDGLQiPLFDTXHVHGHVDUUROODGHELGRDLQXHQFLDV
VLROyJLFDVSVLFROyJLFDV\VRFLRFXOWXUDOHV(QGLFKRGHVDUUROORWDQWRODHVWUXFWXUDGHSHUVRQDOLGDGFRPROD
LQXHQFLDGHOPHGLRVHUHHMDQHQODFRQGXFWD
(QWUHORVSULPHURVDXWRUHVGHGLFDGRVDOHVWXGLRGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVGHVWDFDQDQDOHVGHOVLJOR
;,;%XUW\*DOWRQTXLHQHVLQGDJDQODVSRWHQFLDOLGDGHVSUR\HFWLYDVGHXQPDWHULDOEDVDGRHQXQDOLVWDGH
SDODEUDVTXHKDEtDTXHUHODFLRQDU
(QODSULPHUDGpFDGDGHOVLJOR;;:HUWKHLPHULQYHVWLJDGLFKDVWpFQLFDVSDUDGHWHUPLQDUOD
FXOSDELOLGDGHLQRFHQFLDGHORVDFXVDGRVGiQGROHVFLHUWDDELOLGDGGLDJQyVWLFDDXQTXHVHWUDWDEDD~QGH
WUDEDMRVLQFLSLHQWHV6LQHPEDUJRIXHURQ&*-XQJ.HQW\5RVDQRIIORVSULPHURVHQ
XWLOL]DUORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVFRQPXFKRPD\RUULJRUFLHQWtFR6HGHEHD.HQW\5RVDQRIIHQDXQTXH
GHIRUPDSUHOLPLQDUODYDOLGDFLyQGHOWHVWGH$VRFLDFLyQGH3DODEUDVGH-XQJ
/DSUXHEDGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDVGH&*-XQJ
-XQJEDViQGRVHHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHORVVXHxRVHODERUDXQDSUXHEDGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDV
TXH VHJ~Q ' $Q]LHX QDFH EDMR OD LQXHQFLD GH OD 3VLFRORJtD $VRFLDFLRQLVWD GHO
3VLFRDQiOLVLVLQFLSLHQWH\OD&ODVLFDFLyQ3VLTXLiWULFDGHODpSRFD,UHYLVDGDSRU(%OHXOHU
(ODVRFLDFLRQLVPRTXH\DVHKDEtDH[SDQGLGRDQDOHVGHO;,;WUDWDEDGHH[SOLFDUODYLGDPHQWDO
IXQGiQGRVHHQODDVRFLDFLyQGHLGHDV3UREDEOHPHQWHORVWUDEDMRVGH*DOWRQVREUHODDVRFLDFLyQGH
SDODEUDVLQXLUtDQHQ6)UHXGSDUDTXLHQGLFKDVDVRFLDFLRQHVVHLPSRQtDQDODFRQFLHQFLD\VH
UHODFLRQDEDQFRQORVUHFXHUGRVLQIDQWLOHV
/DVHJXQGDIXHQWHHQHOGHVDUUROORGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVHVHOSVLFRDQiOLVLV\FRQFUHWDPHQWH
ODREUDGH6)UHXG3VLFRSDWRORJtDGHODYLGDFRWLGLDQD'HDKtSDUWLUtDODLGHDGH
UHODFLRQDUODVDVRFLDFLRQHVGHSDODEUDVFRQODVSUHRFXSDFLRQHVSHUVRQDOHVHLQFRQVFLHQWHVGHOVXMHWR
'HHVWHPRGR-XQJEDViQGRVHHQODLGHDGHTXHODLQWURGXFFLyQGHSHQVDPLHQWRV
LQFRQVFLHQWHVHQODFRQFLHQFLDSRGtDFDPELDUHOVHQWLGRGHODIUDVHHQXQFLDTXHODDOWHUDFLyQGH
OD FDGHQD GH DVRFLDFLRQHV FRQVWLWX\H HO LQGLFLR GH OD SUHVHQFLD GH XQ SHQVDPLHQWR ODWHQWH HQ OD
FRQFLHQFLDKHFKRTXHSHUPLWHUHYHODUODVWHQGHQFLDVRFRQLFWRVPiVSURIXQGRV'LFKDDOWHUDFLyQ
VH REVHUYD HQ HO 5RUVFKDFK HQ ODV GHQRPLQDGDV UHVSXHVWDV GHVYLDGDV JUDYHV R SDWRJQRPyQLFDV
'9JUDYHVKR\'5(Q09LYHVRHQODVUHVSXHVWDVGHVYLDGDVGHQLYHO'5
-([QHUHWFHQODVTXHHOSDFLHQWHSLHUGHVXREMHWLYLGDGFDPELDQGRGH
IRUPDPiVRPHQRVOODPDWLYDHOVHQWLGRXRULHQWDFLyQGHODIUDVHYpDVHHQHO&DS,,,
/D WHUFHUD LQXHQFLD OD FODVLFDFLyQ SVLTXLiWULFD GH OD pSRFD SURFHGH GH ( %OHXOHU
TXLHQGLIHUHQFLDGRVIRUPDVGHHQIHUPHGDGPHQWDOODGHPHQWLDSUDHFR[\ODORFXUDPDQtDFR
GHSUHVLYD
&RPRVHYHUiPiVDGHODQWHODDXWRUDKDFHUHIHUHQFLDDOGHVDUUROORGHODVLQVWDQFLDVSVtTXLFDVDODH[LVWHQFLDGHXQPXQGR
LQWHUQR FDSD] GH HODERUDU IDQWDVtDV LQFRQVFLHQWHV TXH VH VLUYH GH PHFDQLVPRV GH GHIHQVD ORV FXDOHV VH SRQHQ HQ IXQFLRQDPLHQWR
DOHUWDGRVSRUODSUHVHQFLDGHXQFRQLFWRHQWUHODVLQVWDQFLDVSVtTXLFDVRDOWUDWDUGHVXSHUDUGHIRUPDQDWXUDORFRQLFWLYDXQDHWDSD
GHOGHVDUUROORSVLFROyJLFR
31
/DGHPHQWLDSUDHFR[DODTXHGHQRPLQDHVTXL]RIUHQLDWLHQHHQWUHVXVVtQWRPDVIXQGDPHQWDOHV
ODHVFLVLyQGHO<RODGLVWRUVLyQSHUFHSWLYDIDOWDGHFRQWDFWRFRQODUHDOLGDG\HODXWLVPRDGHPiV
GH GHOLULRV \ DOXFLQDFLRQHV TXH VH GHVFULEHQ HQ HO FULWHULR Q~PHUR GHO 5HVHDUFK 'LDJQRVWLF
&ULWHULD5'&\HQORVFULWHULRVSDUDHOGLDJQyVWLFRGLIHUHQFLDOGHHVTXL]RIUHQLDGHVFULWRVHQHO
'60,9
/DORFXUDPDQtDFRGHSUHVLYDGHQRPLQDGDORFXUDFLUFXODUSRU)DOUHWIXHGHQLGDSRU
GLFKRDXWRUFRPRODUHSURGXFFLyQVXFHVLYD\UHJXODUGHOHVWDGRPDQtDFRGHSUHVLYRGHOHVWDGR
PHODQFyOLFR\GHXQLQWHUYDORO~FLGRPiVRPHQRVODUJR7DPELpQIXHGHQRPLQDGDORFXUDGHGREOH
IRUPDSRU%DLOODUJHUHQFDUDFWHUL]iQGRVHSRUODVXFHVLyQGHGRVSHUtRGRVGHH[FLWDFLyQ\
GHSUHVLyQ
3DUHFHVHUTXHODGLIHUHQFLDFLyQHQWUHHVWDVGRVFODVHVGHHQIHUPHGDGPHQWDO\GHDKtHOLQWHUpVTXH
SXHGHQWHQHUODVOtQHDVDQWHULRUHVPRYHUtDD-XQJDHVWDEOHFHUGRVIRUPDVGHSHQVDUDODVTXHGHQRPLQD
LQWURYHUVLyQ \ H[WUDYHUVLyQ SXQWR GHO TXH SDUWH + 5RUVFKDFK SDUD LQLFLDU VX WHRUtD GH OD SHUVRQDOLGDG
LQGDJDFLRQHVFRQWLQXDGDVDFWXDOPHQWHSRU([QHUTXLHQDVXYH]LQWHQWDH[SOLFDUODWHRUtDSDUWLHQGR
GH ODV GLIHUHQFLDV VXVFLWDGDV HQ OD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ GH ORV HVWLORV SUHIHUHQWHV GH UHVSXHVWD GHVDUUROODGRV
DPSOLDPHQWHHQHO&DS,9
(OWHVWGH3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGH+5RUVFKDFK
'HVSXpV GH OD SULPHUD JXHUUD PXQGLDO HQ VH SXEOLFD OD SUXHED GH ODV PDQFKDV GH WLQWD GH
5RUVFKDFKFRQVLGHUDGDQRFRPRXQDSUXHEDGHLPDJLQDFLyQVLQRGHSHUVRQDOLGDG'$Q]LHX
\GHSHUFHSFLyQ-(([QHU\DTXHODRUJDQL]DFLyQLQGLYLGXDOGHODSHUVRQDOLGDG
HV OD TXH HVWUXFWXUD OD SHUFHSFLyQ GH HVWDV PDQFKDV /D DSOLFDFLyQ GH HVWD SUXHED SHUPLWH GHVFULELU ODV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVSVLFROyJLFDVGHOLQGLYLGXRFODVLFDUODVGHDFXHUGRDXQDVHULHGHFDWHJRUtDVSVLFROyJLFDV\R
SVLFRSDWROyJLFDVHVWDEOHFHUXQSURQyVWLFRWRPDUGHFLVLRQHVWHUDSpXWLFDVSODQLFDUODLQWHUYHQFLyQ\FRQOD
DSOLFDFLyQGHXQVHJXQGR5RUVFKDFKHYDOXDUORVFDPELRVFRQVHJXLGRVFRQHOWUDWDPLHQWR
(QODGpFDGDGHORVWUHLQWDHO3V\FKRGLDJQRVWLNVHLQWURGXFHHQORV((88PRWLYDGRSRUHOp[RGR
LQYROXQWDULR GH LQYHVWLJDGRUHV TXH FRPR %HFN .ORSIHU +HUW]
3LRWURZVNL\5DSDSRUWDEDQGRQDQODFRQIURQWDFLyQHXURSHD\VHFRQYLHUWHQHQ
FDEH]DVGHHVFXHODGHORVFLQFRVLVWHPDV5RUVFKDFKQRUWHDPHULFDQRV3DUDOHODPHQWHHQ(XURSDGHVWDFDQODV
LQGDJDFLRQHV\DSRUWDFLRQHVGH%RKP/RRVOL8VWHUL\$OFRRFN
(QWUH\SUREDEOHPHQWHDOJXQRVDxRVDQWHV([QHULQLFLDODUHFRSLODFLyQ\VtQWHVLVGHORV
FLQFRVLVWHPDV5RUVFKDFKH[LVWHQWHVHQ1RUWHDPpULFDSURFHVRTXHFXOPLQDUtDHQFRQODSXEOLFDFLyQ
GH VX &RPSUHKHQVLYH 6\VWHP UHYLVDGR FRQVWDQWHPHQWH \
GRQGHVXEUD\DHOSDSHOGHODSHUFHSFLyQHQODHODERUDFLyQGHODUHVSXHVWDWDOFRPR\DVHxDODED5RUVFKDFK
HQ
/DSODQLFDFLyQ\HYDOXDFLyQGHODLQWHUYHQFLyQKDQVLGRREMHWLYRVPiVUHFLHQWHVSRWHQFLDGRVSRU
ODVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVGH([QHU:HLQHU\PiVDFWXDOPHQWHSRU3K(UJEHUJ
DGHPiVGHOLQWHUpV\ODQHFHVLGDGTXHDOJXQRVWHUDSHXWDVKDQGHPRVWUDGRDOLQYHVWLJDU
-XQJGHQHODLQWURYHUVLyQSDUWLHQGRGHODWHUPLQRORJtDSVLFRDQDOtWLFDVHJ~QODFXDOXQDSDUWHGHODPRUTXHSUHYLDPHQWH
VHGLULJLUtDDXQREMHWRUHDOVHLQWURYLHUWHVHUHWUDHVHRULHQWDKDFLDDGHQWURKDFLDHOSURSLRVXMHWR$VtODLQWURYHUVLyQVH
FDUDFWHUL]DSRUXQDUHODFLyQPiVELHQQHJDWLYDFRQHOREMHWR/DFRQGXFWDGHOLQWURYHUWLGRYLHQHFRQGLFLRQDGDSRUIDFWRUHVVXEMHWLYRV
TXHLQX\HQHQVXDGDSWDFLyQDOPHGLR6XIXQFLyQSULPRUGLDOHVHOSHQVDPLHQWR3RUVXSDUWHODH[WUDYHUVLyQVHFDUDFWHUL]DSRUXQD
UHODFLyQSRVLWLYDFRQHOREMHWRVLHQGRVXIXQFLyQSULPRUGLDOHOVHQWLPLHQWR(OH[WUDYHUVLYRHVXQDSHUVRQDTXHVXHOHDGDSWDUVHDODV
QRUPDVVRFLDOHVYLJHQWHV
5RUVFKDFKGHQRPLQDLQWURYHUVLYRDOLQGLYLGXRTXHYLYHPiVKDFLDGHQWURTXHKDFLDDIXHUD\H[WUDWHQVLYRDOLQGLYLGXRTXH
WLHQGHDYLYLUPiVKDFLDIXHUD\TXHVHFDUDFWHUL]DSRUXQDPRWLOLGDGH[FLWDEOH\XQDDIHFWLYLGDGLQHVWDEOH$JUHJDXQWHUFHUWLSRDO
TXHGHQRPLQyDPELWHQGHQWH\PiVWDUGHLQWURGXFHHOFRQFHSWRGHFRDUWDWLYRSRUVXWHQGHQFLDDODFRDUWDFLyQGHORVGHWHUPLQDQWHVGH
PRYLPLHQWR0 0 \RGHFRORU& & ,QFOXVRREVHUYDUtDTXHHQORVSURWRFRORVFRQXQLQFUHPHQWRGHGLFKDVUHVSXHVWDV
pVWDVVXFHGtDQDODVUHVSXHVWDVGHIRUPDSXUD)
(OLQWURYHUVLYRSRVWXOD([QHUWLHQGHDXWLOL]DUSULPRUGLDOPHQWHODUHH[LyQWDQWRSDUDVROXFLRQDUVXVSUREOHPDVFRPRSDUD
VDWLVIDFHUVXVQHFHVLGDGHV(OH[WUDWHQVLYREXVFDUHVROYHUVXVGLFXOWDGHVPHGLDQWHODLQWHUDFFLyQFRQHOPXQGRTXHOHURGHDPLHQWUDV
TXHHODPELJXDORDPELWHQGHQWHFDUHFHGHXQHVWLORGHQLGRGHUHVSXHVWDFRPSRUWiQGRVHXQDVYHFHVFRPRLQWURYHUVLYRRWUDVFRPR
H[WUDWHQVLYR$FWXDOPHQWH([QHUDJUHJDDORVDQWHULRUHVORVHVWLORVFRQ/DPEGDDOWRRHVWLORVHYLWDWLYRV
32
Tests proyectivos
WDQWRODHYROXFLyQGHOSURFHVRWHUDSpXWLFRFHQWUDGDHQODLQWHUDFFLyQWHUDSHXWDSDFLHQWHFRPRORVFDPELRV
GHO VXMHWR GHWHFWDGRV HQ HO DQiOLVLV GH GLFKD LQWHUDFFLyQ \ DO FRPSDUDU ORV UHVXOWDGRV REWHQLGRV HQ XQD
VHJXQGDDGPLQLVWUDFLyQGHODSUXHEDFRQORVSURFHGHQWHVGHXQDSULPHUDDSOLFDFLyQ([QHU\:HLQHU
([QHU\6DQJODGH9LYHVDE5RUVFKDFKQRVHOLPLWDEDDLQWHUSUHWDUHOFRQWHQLGR
GHODVDVRFLDFLRQHVGHVXVSDFLHQWHVVLQRTXHDQDOL]DEDHOSURFHVRGHREWHQFLyQGHODUHVSXHVWDDODTXH
FRQVLGHUDEDGHWHUPLQDGDSRUODSHUFHSFLyQ5RUVFKDFK([QHUYLOD
(QVHSXEOLFDHOWHVWGH6]RQGLSRFRXWLOL]DGRKR\HQGtD\TXHVHDSOLFDEDIXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH
DOGLDJQyVWLFRGHODSVLFRSDWtD
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVWHPiWLFRV
(Q&'0RUJDQ\+$0XUUD\SUHVHQWDQHOWHVWGH$SHUFHSFLyQ7HPiWLFD7$70XUUD\
DPSOtD HO FRQFHSWR IUHXGLDQR GH SUR\HFFLyQ FRQFLELpQGROR FRPR XQ SURFHVR QDWXUDO QR QHFHVDULDPHQWH
GHIHQVLYRHQHOTXHHOVXMHWRDSDUWLUGHXQDVHVFHQDVPRVWUDGDVGHEHHODERUDUXQDKLVWRULD'HULYDGRVGHO
7$7VRQHOWHVWGH$SHUFHSFLyQ,QIDQWLO&$7GH/%HOODN\6-%HOODFNODDSOLFDFLyQ
GHO7$7DSHUVRQDVGHHGDG6$7\HOWHVW3DWWH1RLU31GH/&RUPDQ(Q
$YLODHIHFW~DXQDDGDSWDFLyQGHO7$7HQODSREODFLyQHVSDxROD
+ 3KLOOLSVRQ HQ FRQVWUX\H VX WHVW VLJXLHQGR HO PRGHOR GHO 7$7 6X REMHWLYR HUD LQYHVWLJDU
ODV UHODFLRQHV LQWHUSHUVRQDOHV PHGLDQWH OD SHUFHSFLyQ \ OD SUR\HFFLyQ 3KLOOLSVRQ SDUWLHQGR GH OD WHRUtD
SVLFRDQDOtWLFDGH ODV UHODFLRQHV REMHWDOHV 6 )UHXG .OHLQ )DLUEDLUQ *XQWULS
SRVWXOD TXH HQ FXDOTXLHU VHFXHQFLD GH FRQGXFWD HQ XQD VLWXDFLyQ HVWtPXOR GDGD OiPLQDV GHO 7$7 R GHO
5RUVFKDFK HO H[DPLQDGR KDFH XQD VHOHFFLyQ HQ HO FDPSR SHUFHSWLYR \ HVWUXFWXUD OR TXH pO HOLJH SDUD
DGHFXDUORDODVUHODFLRQHVREMHWDOHVLQFRQVFLHQWHVTXHIDQWDVHyHQVXYLGDWHPSUDQDDOWUDWDUGHVDWLVIDFHU
XQD QHFHVLGDG SULPLWLYD 'H HVWH PRGR OR TXH pO YHD HVWDUi HQ IXQFLyQ GH ODV UHODFLRQHV REMHWDOHV TXH
FRQVWUX\yHQVXGtDSDUDSURWHJHUVHGHVXVGHVHRV\IDQWDVtDVLQFRQVFLHQWHV&XDGURQR,,,
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV
(QWUH\KXERXQDSUROLIHUDFLyQGHWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRVFX\RGHVDUUROOR\DSOLFDFLRQHV
VHH[SOLFDUiQPiVH[WHQVDPHQWHHQORVFDStWXORV9,,\9,,,/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRVPiVXWLOL]DGRV
VRQ
(OWHVWGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQD'$3.0DFKRYHU6/HY\0.RSSLW]
(OWHVWGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQD+73-1%XFN%XFN\:DUUHQ+
+DPPHU\6/HY\
(OWHVWGHOD)DPLOLD/&RUPDQ5&%XUQV\6+.DXIPDQ-0/OXtV(
=HQHTXHOL5)UDQNGH9HUWKHO\
4.4.1. Test de la Figura Humana

(Q HO WHVW GH OD )LJXUD +XPDQD '$3 VREUHVDOHQ ODV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV GH ) *RRGHQRXJK .
0DFKRYHU\0.RSSLW]*RRGHQRXJKHVWXGLDODLQWHOLJHQFLDSRUPHGLRGHOGLEXMR0DFKRYHU
EDViQGRVHHQHOGLEXMRGHODSHUVRQDHLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVGH*RRGHQRXJKGHVDUUROODVXSURSLRWHVWLQFOX\HQGR
HQODFRQVLJQDODVHJXQGDJXUDKXPDQD)LQDOPHQWH(0.RSSLW]1967, WUDWDGHFRQRFHUHQJUificos, el QLYHOGHPDGXUH]PHQWDOGHOH[DPLQDGRDSDUWLUGHODQiOLVLVHYROXWLYRGHVXVGLEXMRV\HOJUDGRGH
distorsin DIHFWLYDEDViQGRVHHQHODQiOLVLVGHORVLQGLFDGRUHVHPRFLRQDOHV
4.4.2. Test de la Casa, rbol, Persona

(OVHJXQGRJUDQJUXSRGHWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRVFRPSUHQGHHOWHVWGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQD
+73GH%XFNLQGDJDFLRQHVTXHFRQWLQXDURQ+DPPHU\/HY\\%XFN
33
MXQWDPHQWHFRQ:DUUHQ(*UDVVDQR5)UDQN\SRVWHULRUPHQWHDOJXQRVGH

QRVRWURV3pUH])UHL[HV5RYLUD\9LYHV%DUERVDHWDOWHUV9LYHV
KHPRVWUDWDGRGHPRVWUDUODUHODFLyQH[LVWHQWHHQWUHGHWHUPLQDGDVSURGXFFLRQHVJUiFDV\ORV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVLQGLFDGRUHVSVLFRSDWROyJLFRVVXUHODFLyQFRQRWUDVSUXHEDV\FRQFDGDSHUtRGRHYROXWLYR
4.4.3.Dibujo de la Familia
(OWHUFHUWHVWJUiFRPiVGLIXQGLGRHQQXHVWURPHGLRHVHOWHVWGHO'LEXMRGHOD)DPLOLD&RUPDQ
EDViQGRVHHQODWHRUtDIUHXGLDQDFOiVLFDWUDWDGHFRQRFHUHQFDGDQLxR\DGROHVFHQWHH[DPLQDGR
HOJUDGRGHGHSHQGHQFLDDJUHVLYLGDGULYDOLGDGIUDWHUQDHOWLSRGHUHODFLyQLQWHUSHUVRQDOHOPHFDQLVPRGH
GHIHQVDXWLOL]DGRYDORUL]DFLyQGHVYDORUL]DFLyQDLVODPLHQWRUHJUHVLyQH[SUHVLyQLQGLUHFWDGHODDJUHVLYLGDG
UHDFFLRQHVGHSUHVLYDVHWF.HOSUHGRPLQLRGHXQDLQVWDQFLDSVtTXLFD(OOR<R6XSHU<R\ODE~VTXHGDGHO
HTXLOLEULRFRPRIRUPDGHUHVROYHUXQFRQLFWRDXQTXHSDUDHOORHOSDFLHQWHVHVLUYDGHGHIHQVDVREVHVLYDV\
UHJUHVLYDV2WUDVDSRUWDFLRQHVDOGLEXMRGHOD)DPLOLDFRUUHVSRQGHQD5&%XUQV\6+.DXIPDQ
5)UDQNGH9HUWKHO\-0/OXtV\(=HTXHQHOOL
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVWLHQHQVXPD\RUDXJHHQWUH\LPSXOVDGRVSRUHOYLJRUGHOD3VLFRORJtD
'LQiPLFD\OD3VLFRORJtDGHOD)RUPD3RGUtDGHFLUVHWDOFRPRFRPHQWDED(,EixH]+XHOYDTXH
SDXODWLQDPHQWH KDQ VLGR GH QXHYR UHYDORUL]DGRV JUDFLDV DO HPSXMH GH OD 3VLFRORJtD &RJQLWLYD TXH WLHQH
HQWUHVXVREMHWLYRVHOHVWXGLRGHORVSURFHVRVPHQWDOHVGHVDUUROORGHODUHVSXHVWDFRQWHQLGRV\HVWUXFWXUDV
GHOSHQVDPLHQWRHVWXGLRVLQLFLDGRVSRU5RUVFKDFK\FRQWLQXDGRVSRUQXPHURVRVDXWRUHVFX\RVUHVXOWDGRV
UHVXPH ([QHU HQ $FWXDOPHQWH VX XVR YXHOYH D HVWDU YLJHQWH \ VRQ QXPHURVDV ODV 6RFLHGDGHV
5RUVFKDFKQDFLRQDOHVHXURSHDVHLQWHUQDFLRQDOHV\GLIHUHQWHVORVSURIHVLRQDOHVDOJXQRVSVLFRDQDOLVWDV
QXPHURVRVWHUDSHXWDV\SVLFyORJRVFOtQLFRVGHGLFDGRVDODLQYHVWLJDFLyQGHO5RUVFKDFKODVWpFQLFDV\ORV
WHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV&XDGUR1,,,
&8$'521,,,25,*(1<'(6$552//2'(/$67e&1,&$6</267(676352<(&7,926
$QDOHV
GHO;,;
%XUW \ *DOWRQ LQGDJDQ ODV SRWHQFLDOLGDGHV GH XQ WHVW EDVDGR HQ OLVWDV GH SDODEUDV TXH GHEtDQ
UHODFLRQDUVH

:HUWKHLPHUXWLOL]DGLFKDVWpFQLFDVSDUDGHWHUPLQDUODFXOSDELOLGDGHLQRFHQFLDGHORVDFXVDGRV

-XQJEDViQGRVHHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHORVVXHxRVHODERUDHOWHVWGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDV
TXHQDFHUtDEDMRODLQXHQFLDGH
/D3VLFRORJtD$VRFLDFLRQLVWDQDOHV;,;
/D7HRUtDPVLFRDQDOtWLFD
/D&ODVLFDFLyQ3VLTXLiWULFDGH(%OHXOHU

6HSXEOLFDHO3VLFKRGLDJQRVWLNGH+5RUVFKDFK

) *RRGHQRXJK XWLOL]DHO WHVW GH OD )LJXUD +XPDQD FRQ REMHWRGH HVWXGLDUOD LQWHOLJHQFLDSRU
PHGLRGHOGLEXMRLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVTXHUHFRJHUi.0DFKRYHUSDUDHVWXGLDUHOWHVWGHOD)+GHVGH
XQDSHUVSHFWLYDSUR\HFWLYD

6]RQGLDSOLFDHOWHVWDOGLDJQyVWLFRGHODSVLFRSDWtD

&'0RUJDQ\+$0XUUD\FUHDQHOWHVWGH$SHUFHSFLyQ7HPiWLFD7$7

/%HOODFN6-%HOODFNHODERUDQHO7$7LQIDQWLO&$7+\SDUDSHUVRQDVPD\RUHV6$7

-1%XFNLGHDHOWHVWGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQD+73
/DVGHIHQVDVREVHVLYDV\UHJUHVLYDVQRVyORFRQVWLWX\HQPHFDQLVPRVGHGHIHQVDSDWROyJLFRVVLQRTXHFRQWULEX\HQDOGHVDUUROOR
SVLFROyJLFRQRUPDO
6RFLHGDG&DWDODQDGHO5RUVFKDFK6&5<036RFLHGDG(VSDxRODGHO5RUVFKDFK6(5<03(XURSHDQ5RUVFKDFK6RFLHW\
(5$,QWHUQDWLRQDO5RUVFKDFK6RFLHW\,56
34
Tests proyectivos

. 0DFKRYHU \ SRVWHULRUPHQWH /HY\ DJUHJD D OD FRQVLJQD GHO +73 HO GLEXMR GH OD VHJXQGD
JXUDKXPDQD+733

/&RUPDQFUHDHOWHVW31
$ODVDSRUWDFLRQHVDQWHULRUHVVHKDQDJUHJDGRHQWUHRWUDVODVVLJXLHQWHV

- ( ([QHU UHIXQGH ORV FLQFR VLVWHPDV 5RUVFKDFK QRUWHDPHULFDQRV HQ XQ ~QLFR VLVWHPD 7KH
&RPSUHKHQVLYH6\VWHP

(+DPPHU6/HY\%XFN\:DUUHQDPSOtDQODLQYHVWLJDFLyQGHO+73

*UDVVDQR 6LTXLHU *$U]HQR 5 )UDQN DSRUWDQ QXHYRV GDWRV D ODV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV GHO ')+
+73WHVWGHODSDUHMD\WHVWGH3KLOOLSVRQ

(0.RSSLW]VLVWHPDWL]DHOWHVWGHO'LEXMRGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQD

$YLODHIHFW~DXQDDGDSWDFLyQGHO7$7HQODSREODFLyQHVSDxROD
+3KLOOLSVRQSUHVHQWDHOWHVWGH5HODFLRQHV2EMHWDOHV752
/&RUPDQHODERUDHOWHVWGHO'LEXMRGHOD)DPLOLD
&$5$&7(567,&$6'(/267(676352<(&7,926
6RQQXPHURVRVORVDXWRUHV$Q]LHX%HOO0HLOL6DPL$OL5RVHQ]ZHLJHWFTXHFRLQFLGHQHQDWULEXLU
DORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVXQDVHULHGHFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVIRUPXODGDVSRU'$Q]LHX
$Q]LHXLGHQWLFDODVVLJXLHQWHV
(QSULPHUOXJDUVXEUD\DODVLWXDFLyQGHOLEHUWDGGHUHVSXHVWD\HOPDUJHQGHWLHPSRGHOTXHVHGLVSRQH
DQWHODH[SRVLFLyQGHXQPDWHULDOVHDHVWtPXORFRQVLJQDRDFWLYLGDGTXHVHSURSRQJDDOVXMHWR
(QORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVQRVHGDQUHVSXHVWDVFRUUHFWDVRLQFRUUHFWDVSUHYLDPHQWHSUHSDUDGDVVLQR
TXHHOVXMHWRUHVSRQGHDODVPDQFKDVGHWLQWDDODVOiPLQDVRDODVFRQVLJQDVSURSXHVWDVKDFLHQGR
XVRGHVXVPHFDQLVPRVSHUFHSWLYRSUR\HFWLYRV
/RVHVWtPXORVHQJHQHUDOVRQSRFRHVWUXFWXUDGRVDPELJXRVHVSHFLDOPHQWHHQGHWHUPLQDGDVSUXHEDV
PDQFKDVGLEXMRVSDODEUDVGDQGROXJDUDXQDJUDQFDQWLGDGGHUHVSXHVWDV(VWHKHFKRGLFXOWDVX
HVWDQGDUL]DFLyQDSUHFLDFLyQVRVWHQLGDSRU%HOO
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVSHUPLWHQUHYHODU\DTXtFRLQFLGHQXHYDPHQWHFRQ%HOOODSHUVRQDOLGDGWRWDOR
SDUWHVGHHOODLQFOXLGDVHQXQDYLVLyQJOREDO6HXWLOL]DSDUDHOORHODQiOLVLVGHODVUHVSXHVWDVRVX
LQWHUURJDWRULRSRVWHULRU
&RQVLGHUDFLRQHVHIHFWXDGDVSRU-(%HOO
%HOOVXEUD\DTXHGHELGRDODJUDQYDULHGDGGHWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVH[LVWHQWHVHKDFHGLItFLO
JHQHUDOL]DUVREUHHOODV\FLWDDOJXQDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFRPXQHV
/D SULPHUD HV OD SUHVHQFLD GH XQ HVWtPXOR TXH QR PDQLHVWD R VyOR OR KDFH SDUFLDOPHQWH HO
YHUGDGHURSURSyVLWRGHOH[DPLQDGRUDOUHTXHULUXQDUHVSXHVWD(VWDSULPHUDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDFRQVLVWHHQ
UHGXFLUHOFRQWUROFRQVFLHQWHGHOVXMHWRVREUHVXFRQGXFWDSDUDTXHVHDDQDOL]DGD\RULJLQDUHVSXHVWDV
TXHUHHMDQVXSURSLDLQGLYLGXDOLGDG
35
/DLQWHUSUHWDFLyQTXHHOVXMHWRKDFHGHODVLWXDFLyQGHWHVWRIUHFHHOSULPHUUHHMRGHVXSHUVRQDOLGDG
6HVXSRQHTXHHOVXMHWRRUJDQL]DORVVXFHVRVHQIXQFLyQGHVXVPRWLYDFLRQHVSHUFHSFLRQHVDFWLWXGHV
LGHDVHPRFLRQHV\GHWRGRVORVDVSHFWRVGHVXSHUVRQDOLGDG(QFXDQWRDFHSWDHVWDKLSyWHVLVHO
H[DPLQDGRUSXHGHXVDUFDVLWRGDODFRQGXFWDGHOLQGLYLGXRFRPRXQDWpFQLFDSUR\HFWLYDLQFOX\HQGR
WRGRV ORV WLSRV GH WHVWV TXH FRQVLGHUD QHFHVDULRV SDUD HO REMHWLYR GHO GLDJQyVWLFR (Q OD SUiFWLFD
DO PHQRV HQ OD HODERUDFLyQ GH DOJXQDV VLWXDFLRQHV TXH KDFH HO VXMHWR KD GHPRVWUDGR VHUYLU GH
LQGLFDGRUGHODSHUVRQDOLGDG\DHVWHWLSRGHSUXHEDVVHOHKDDSOLFDGRODGHQRPLQDFLyQGHWpFQLFDV
SUR\HFWLYDV
(OVHJXQGRDVSHFWRGHOPpWRGRFRP~QDODVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVHVTXHEULQGDQXQDPXHVWUDGHOD
FRQGXFWDLQGLYLGXDOVXFLHQWHPHQWHH[SUHVLYD\FRQVXFLHQWHEUHYHGDGFRPRSDUDVHUFOtQLFDPHQWH
XWLOL]DEOH \ OR EDVWDQWH HVWLPXODQWH FRPR SDUD SURYRFDU XQD VHULH GH UHVSXHVWDV GHO VXMHWR (Q OD
LQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHODVUHSXHVWDVHODFHQWRUHFDHVREUHHOHOHPHQWRSHUVRQDODFXVDGRHQODGLYHUVLGDG
GHFRQGXFWDV/DVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVDFHQW~DQSULPHUDPHQWHODSHFXOLDULGDGGHUHVSXHVWDVDTXHOODV
FXDOLGDGHVTXHGLVWLQJXHQHQWUHVtDORVLQGLYLGXRV3RUWDQWRODPHMRUWpFQLFDHVODTXHFRQWURODXQ
PD\RUUHSHUWRULRGHUHVSXHVWDVHQHOPHQRUWLHPSRSRVLEOH
(QWDQWRTXHXQRGHORVREMHWLYRVGHHVWRVPpWRGRVGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQFRQVLVWHHQHODERUDUQRUPDV
HVWiQGDUHOYDORUGHWDOHVQRUPDVUHVLGHQRWDQWRHQHOKHFKRGHTXHDJUXSDQMXQWDPHQWHSHUVRQDVSRU
VXVVHPHMDQ]DVVLQRHQFXDQWRLQGLFDQGLVFUHSDQFLDVRGHVHPHMDQ]DVFRQODVQRUPDV(VWRVLJQLFD
TXHODVUHVSXHVWDVDXQWHVWSUR\HFWLYRVRQPHQRVIiFLOHVGHDEVWUDHUFXDQWLWDWLYDPHQWHHQXQDVLPSOH
IyUPXODTXHODVHOHFFLRQHVUHJLVWUDGDVHQORVLQYHQWDULRVGHSHUVRQDOLGDG(VWRVLJQLFDDGHPiVTXH
ODV UHVSXHVWDV D ORV WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV VRQ PiV GLItFLOHV GH WUDWDU HVWDGtVWLFDPHQWH TXH ORV WLSRV GH
UHVSXHVWDVOLPLWDGDVTXHVXPLQLVWUDQORVWHVWVGHSDSHO\OiSL]KDFLHQGRDVtGHODHVWLPDFLyQ\YDOLGH]
GHODVWpFQLFDVXQSURFHGLPLHQWRGLItFLOSHURHVHQFLDO
8QDWHUFHUDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDFRP~QDOPpWRGRGHODVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVHVFRQVLGHUDUODFRQGXFWD
UHJLVWUDGDWDQWRFRPRODSHUVRQDOLGDGTXHODSURGXFHFRPRXQDWRWDOLGDGRUJDQL]DGDeVWDHVXQD
UD]yQDGLFLRQDOSRUODFXDOHODQiOLVLVFXDQWLWDWLYRQRVHORJUDIiFLOPHQWH'HQWURGHOUHJLVWURWRWDO
GHODFRQGXFWDDXQtWHPHVSHFtFROHFRUUHVSRQGHUiXQDYDULHGDGGHVLJQLFDGRVGHSHQGLHQWHVGH
ODPDQHUDHQTXHHVLQWHJUDGRGHQWURRVHSDUDGRGHODWRWDOLGDG(Q7pFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDV
%DUFHORQD3DLGyV
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVSURSXHVWDVSRU65RVHQ]ZHLJ
5RVHQ]ZHLJUHODFLRQDEDSVLFRDQiOLVLV\WHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVDOUHIHULUVHDGHWHUPLQDGDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGH
ORVSURFHGLPLHQWRVGHDVRFLDFLyQOLEUHFRQORVTXHHOVXMHWRH[SUHVDVXVIDQWDVtDVHQORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV\
ODVWHQVLRQHV\HVWtPXORVREVHUYDGRVHQORVPRPHQWRVSUHYLRVDOVXHxR
/DV PLVPDV WHQVLRQHV VXE\DFHQWHV D ORV VXHxRV VXE\DFHQ WDPELpQ D ODV IDQWDVtDV ORV HVWtPXORV
LQPHGLDWDPHQWHSUHVHQWHVHQHOVXHxRFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDORVHVWtPXORVQHXWURVGHORVPpWRGRVSUR\HFWLYRV\
ORVIUDJPHQWRVPQpPLFRVWLHQHQODPLVPDSRVLELOLGDGGHVHUH[SUHVDGRVHQDPERVFDVRV/DDVRFLDFLyQOLEUH
HVIRPHQWDGDHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQSRVWRQtULFDGHOPLVPRPRGRTXHVHH[LJHDOVXMHWRODDVRFLDFLyQOLEUHSRU
PHGLRGHWHVWVGHVWLQDGRVDSURYRFDUIDQWDVtDV)DQWDV\DQGLWVVWXG\E\WHVWSURFHGXUHV-RXUQ$EQ6RF3VLFRO

0HLOLFRQVLGHUDODVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVFRPR

*UXSRV GH WpFQLFDV \ SURFHGLPLHQWRV TXH SUHWHQGHQ GHVFXEULU OD HVWUXFWXUD IXQGDPHQWDO GH OD
SHUVRQDOLGDG\ORVPRWLYRVGHXQLQGLYLGXRSDUDTXHHODERUHXQPDWHULDORHVWtPXORRELHQTXHUHDFFLRQH
DQWHpVWRVOLEUHPHQWHGHXQDIRUPDQRSUHGHWHUPLQDGD\VLQQLQJXQDUHIHUHQFLDDXQVLVWHPDSUHHVWDEOHFLGRGH
UHVSXHVWDVH[DFWDVRFHUUDGDV
6DPL$OLHQVXEUD\DTXH/RVSURFHGLPLHQWRVSUR\HFWLYRVKDELWXDOHVWLHQHQODSDUWLFXODULGDGGH
FRQIURQWDUDOVXMHWRFRQXQPDWHULDODPRUIRTXHGHEHVHUHVWUXFWXUDGRDFWLYD\HVSRQWiQHDPHQWH

0HLOLHTXLSDUDWpFQLFDVDWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVUHVDOWDQGRVXVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFRPXQHV
36
Tests proyectivos
7(25$6&21/$648(6(9,1&8/$1
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVHYLQFXODQSULQFLSDOPHQWHDODWHRUtDSVLFRDQDOtWLFDODWHRUtDGHOD*HVWDOW\OD
3VLFRORJtD&RJQLWLYD
/D7HRUtD3VLFRDQDOtWLFD
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVHUHODFLRQDQFRQOD7HRUtD3VLFRDQDOtWLFDSRUTXHFRQVXDSOLFDFLyQ
6HHIHFW~DXQHVWXGLRIXQFLRQDOGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGFRLQFLGLHQGRFRQODQRFLyQGHHVWUXFWXUDSVtTXLFD
\GHVDUUROORLQWHUQRGHOLQGLYLGXR
6H FRQVLGHUD DO LQGLYLGXR FRPR XQD WRWDOLGDG FRPR XQ VLVWHPD SVLFROyJLFR HVWUXFWXUDO TXH VH
DXWRUUHJXOD\ULJHSRUOH\HVHFRQyPLFDV
6HUHODFLRQDQORVPHFDQLVPRVSVLFROyJLFRVGHOLQGLYLGXRFRQODFXOWXUD
6HDSOLFDQORVPpWRGRVKLSRWpWLFRGHGXFWLYR\DQDOtWLFRLQGXFWLYR
6HDGPLWHHOGHWHUPLQLVPRSVtTXLFRSRUHOTXHWRGRVORVIHQyPHQRVSVtTXLFRVWLHQHQXQDFDXVDXQ
VLJQLFDGR\XQDDFFLyQHFRQyPLFD
(OSVLFRDQiOLVLVDSRUWDHODQiOLVLVGHFRQWHQLGRODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOVLPEROLVPRGHODVUHVSXHVWDVOD
LQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHODUHVLVWHQFLDHODQiOLVLVGHODWUDQVIHUHQFLD\FRQWUDWUDQVIHUHQFLDHOWLSRGHPHFDQLVPRGH
GHIHQVDHODQiOLVLVGHODUHODFLyQWHUDSHXWDSDFLHQWHDSOLFDGRDODVLWXDFLyQGHWHVW6)UHXG0
.OHLQ+6HJDO$)UHXG%LRQ&RUPDQ
/D*HVWDOW
/D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYDVHUHODFLRQDFRQOD*HVWDOWSRUTXHWDPELpQDSOLFDHODQiOLVLVIRUPDOGHORV
UHVXOWDGRV H[SUHVDQGR HQ WpUPLQRV PDWHPiWLFRV ORV GLIHUHQWHV IDFWRUHV GH FODVLFDFLyQ \ VXV UHODFLRQHV
FXDQWLWDWLYDV %HOO /$EW / %HOODN ODV UHODFLRQHV \ GLIHUHQFLDFLyQ HQWUH FDGD SDUWH \ OD
WRWDOLGDGTXHFRQVWLWX\HHQJUiFRVXQRGHORVSULQFLSDOHVLQGLFDGRUHVGHQRUPDOLGDGRSDWRORJtD
/D3VLFRORJtD&RJQLWLYD
/RVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVWLHQHQHQFRP~QFRQOD3VLFRORJtD&RJQLWLYDHOHVWXGLRGHOSURFHVDPLHQWRGH
ODLQIRUPDFLyQ\ODHODERUDFLyQGHOFRQWHQLGRGHODUHVSXHVWD6XDQiOLVLVSHUPLWHDOHQWUHYLVWDGRUFRQRFHU
HOWLSRGHYDULDEOHVTXHKDQLQWHUYHQLGRHQODHPLVLyQGHXQDUHVSXHVWD8QFODURH[SRQHQWHORFRQVWLWX\HHO
GHQRPLQDGRSURFHVRGHUHVSXHVWDHQHO5RUVFKDFKSRUHOTXHGHVSXpVGHORFDOL]DU\RUJDQL]DUORVHOHPHQWRV
HVWLPXODUHVGHOiUHDODVSDODEUDVGHOVXMHWRSHUPLWHQDOHQWUHYLVWDGRUGHWHFWDUODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODPDQFKD
TXHKDQLQXLGRHQODHPLVLyQGHVXVUHVSXHVWDVIRUPDFRORUFURPiWLFRFRORUDFURPiWLFRFDWHJRUtDVGH
FODURVFXUR REMHWRV LJXDOHV R UHHMDGRV SURFHVR FLWDGR SRU ([QHU \ HQ HO TXH \D VH KDEtD
LQWHUHVDGR5RUVFKDFK
',)(5(1&,$6(175(7e&1,&$6<7(676352<(&7,926
(QODPHGLGDHQTXHVHKDQLGHQWLFDGR\XWLOL]DGRHVWDVSUXHEDVVHKDQUHFRQRFLGRXQDVYHFHVFRPR
WHVWVRWUDVFRPRWpFQLFDVVLELHQSRGHPRVDSUHFLDUVXGLIHUHQFLDJUDFLDVDODVGHQLFLRQHVIRUPXODGDVHQHO
$&RPSUHKHQVLYH'LFWLRQDU\RI3V\FKRORJLFDODQG3V\FKRDQDOLWLFDO7HUPV/RQGRQ 1<RUN/RQJPDQV
\HQHOGLFFLRQDULR(QJOLVK+%H(QJOLVK&$
37
/D7pFQLFDSUR\HFWLYDHV
8QSURFHGLPLHQWRSDUDGHVFXEULUHVWLORVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHOFRPSRUWDPLHQWRGHXQDSHUVRQDSRUPHGLR
GH OD REVHUYDFLyQ GH XQD FRQGXFWD HQ UHVSXHVWD D XQD VLWXDFLyQ TXH QR SUHVXSRQH R H[LJH XQD GHWHUPLQDGD
UHVSXHVWD6HJ~QHVWRODHQWUHYLVWDODVHVLyQGHMXHJRRHOGLEXMRSXHGHQFRQVLGHUDUVHWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDV
(QJOLVK+%H(QJOLVK&$
(O7HVWSUR\HFWLYRHV
8QDVLWXDFLyQUHODWLYDPHQWHQRHVWUXFWXUDGDDXQTXHHVWiQGDUDODTXHXQSUREDQGRGHEHUHVSRQGHUFRQ
WDQSRFDVUHVWULFFLRQHVFRPRVHDSRVLEOHHQVXIRUPDGHUHVSXHVWD'HOGLFFLRQDULR(QJOLVKH(QJOLVK
6HUHTXLHUHFRQVLGHUDU
/DSUHVHQFLDGHXQHVWtPXORDPELJXRDH[FHSFLyQGHDOJXQRVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVWHPiWLFRVDXQTXH
MR
8QWLSRGHUHVSXHVWDTXHHVWiPiVGHWHUPLQDGDSRUODUHDOLGDGLQWHUQDGHOVXMHWRTXHSRUHOHVWtPXOR
PLVPR
&RPRFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVPHWRGROyJLFDVHOWHVWSUR\HFWLYRSUHFLVDGH
8QPDWHULDOHVWDQGDUL]DGRHQFXDQWRDODFRQVLJQDSURFHGLPLHQWR\REWHQFLyQGHORVGDWRV
8QDIRUPDGHSUHVHQWDFLyQ\FRQVLJQDWLSLFDGRV
(OXVRGHHVWRVWHVWVSDUWHGHODKLSyWHVLV\DFRPHQWDGDHQDSDUWDGRVDQWHULRUHVGHTXHODUHVSXHVWD
TXHGDHOVXMHWRHVWiPiVGHWHUPLQDGDSRUVXUHDOLGDGLQWHUQDTXHSRUODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVPLVPDVGHOHVWtPXOR
'HWRGRVHVVDELGRTXHODXWLOL]DFLyQGHHVWtPXORVDPELJXRVIDYRUHFHODSUR\HFFLyQGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGR
DVSHFWRVGHHOOD
0XFKRV DXWRUHV DXQTXH QR WRGRV XWLOL]DURQ HVWtPXORV DPELJXRV HQ OD FRQVWUXFFLyQ GH ORV WHVWV
SUR\HFWLYRVODVOiPLQDVFUHDGDVSRU3KLOOLSVRQSURSRUFLRQDQXQPDWHULDOPiVDPELJXRTXHHOGH0XUUD\HQ
HO7$75RUVFKDFKSRUVXSDUWHLGHDXQWHVWHQHOTXHGHWHUPLQDGDVOiPLQDV\iUHDVVXVFLWDQUHVSXHVWDVPX\
FRQFUHWDVDODVTXHGHQRPLQDSRSXODUHV
$GHPiV GH ORV WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV GHWHUPLQDGRV WHVWV GH LQWHOLJHQFLD VXEWHVWV GH FRPSUHQVLyQ \ GH
YRFDEXODULRGHODVHVFDODVGH:HFKVOHUFRQWLHQHQUHDFWLYRVTXHSHUPLWHQREWHQHULQIRUPDFLyQFXDOLWDWLYD
VREUHFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODSHUVRQDOLGDGGHOH[DPLQDGR
&/$6,),&$&,1'(/2635,1&,3$/(67(676352<(&7,926
3XHGHQHQFRQWUDUVHWDQWDVFODVLFDFLRQHVFRPRDXWRUHVVHKDQGHGLFDGRDVXHVWXGLRHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ
6HH[SRQHQDFRQWLQXDFLyQODVFODVLFDFLRQHVGH/)UDQN(\VHQFN$Q]LHX6HPHRQRI/LQGVH\)HUQiQGH]
%DOOHVWHURV\$JXLUUH
&ODVLFDFLyQGH/.)UDQN
/D SULPHUD FODVLFDFLyQ FRQRFLGD SURFHGH GH / )UDQN TXLHQ DJUXSD ODV WpFQLFDV HQ
FRQVWLWXWLYDVLQWHUSUHWDWLYDVFDWiUWLFDVFRQVWUXFWLYDV\UHIUDFWDULDV
&RQVWLWXWLYDVeOVXMHWRLPSRQHRSUR\HFWDVXHVWUXFWXUDVREUHXQPDWHULDORXQDIRUPDDPRUIDR
PDOHDEOH R VREUH XQ FDPSR SDUFLDOPHQWH HVWUXFWXUDGR FRPR FRPSOHWDU GLEXMRV R HVWUXFWXUDU ODV
PDQFKDVGHWLQWDHQHO5RUVFKDFK
,QWHUSUHWDWLYDVeQHOODVHOVXMHWRLQWHUSUHWDXQDVLWXDFLyQHVWtPXORWHVWVWHPiWLFRV7$731
&$7
&DWiUWLFDVeOH[DPLQDGRGHVFDUJDHQXQDVLWXDFLyQHVWtPXORVXVDIHFWRVRVHQWLPLHQWRVORVMXJXHWHV
\ODDUFLOOD
38
Tests proyectivos
&RQVWUXFWLYDVaSDUWLUGHXQPDWHULDOHVWtPXORHOVXMHWRFRQVWUX\HVLWXDFLRQHVRUJDQL]DGRUDVGHVX
YLGDHOWHVWGHO0RVDLFRHOWHVWGHO')+GH0DFKRYHU
5HIUDFWDULDVeOVXMHWRH[SUHVDGLIHUHQWHVDVSHFWRVGHVXFRPSRUWDPLHQWRFRPRHQODJUDIRORJtD
/DFODVLFDFLyQGH+-(\VHQFN
(\VHQFNORVFODVLFDHQWHVWVGHFRPSOHWDULQWHUSUHWDWLYRVGHSURGXFFLyQ\GHREVHUYDFLyQ
7HVWVGHFRPSOHWDUsHSLGHDOVXMHWRTXHFRPSOHWHXQDFDGHQDGHDVRFLDFLRQHVRXQDIUDVHRXQD
KLVWRULDFRQVLGHUDGDVFRPRHVWtPXORLQLFLDO
7HVWVLQWHUSUHWDWLYRVsHSUHVHQWDDOVXMHWRXQHVWtPXORDSDUWLUGHOTXHGHEHLQWHUSUHWDUFRQVWLWXLUR
FRQWDUXQDKLVWRULD
7HVWVGHSURGXFFLyQaSDUWLUGHXQDVLWXDFLyQGHMXHJRVHSLGHDOVXMHWRTXHUHDOLFHXQDFRQVWUXFFLyQ
TXHGHEHLQWHUSUHWDURTXHGLEXMHRSLQWH
7HVWVGHREVHUYDFLyQeQXQDVLWXDFLyQPiVRPHQRVHVWUXFWXUDGDVHREVHUYDHOFRPSRUWDPLHQWRGHO
VXMHWR
/DVFDWHJRUtDVGH'$Q]LHX
$Q]LHXHVWDEOHFHGRVFDWHJRUtDVGHWHVWVWHPiWLFRV\HVWUXFWXUDOHV
7HVWVWHPiWLFRV fDFLOLWDQHOFRQRFLPLHQWRGHORVFRQWHQLGRVPiVVLJQLFDWLYRVGHODSHUVRQDOLGDG
GHOH[DPLQDGRWDOHVFRPRPHFDQLVPRVGHGHIHQVDGHVHRVRPRPHQWRVIXQGDPHQWDOHVGHVXYLGD
3HUWHQHFHQDHVWDFDWHJRUtDHOWHVWGH$SHUFHSFLyQ7HPiWLFD7$7GLEXMRVRQDUUDFLRQHVOLEUHVTXH
VHGHEHQFRPSOHWDUDQiOLVLVGHFXDGURVIRWRJUDItDVRGRFXPHQWRV
7HVWVHVWUXFWXUDOHVtUDGXFHQODIRUPDSDUWLFXODUGHDSUHKHQGHU\RHVWUXFWXUDUHOFDPSRHVWLPXODU(O
WHVWPiVUHSUHVHQWDWLYRGHHVWDFDWHJRUtDHVHO5RUVFKDFK
/DVFODVLFDFLRQHVGH6HPHRQRII\/LQGVH\

2WUDVFODVLFDFLRQHVVRQODVGH6HPHQRII\/LQGVH\TXHGLIHUHQFLDQORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
VHJ~QHOREMHWRGHPHGLGDHOHVWtPXORRODWDUHDSURSXHVWD
6HJ~Q HO REMHWR GH PHGLGD 6HPHRQRII ORV GLVWULEX\H HQ GHVFULSWLYRV GH GLDJQyVWLFR \ GH
WHUDSLD6HJ~QHOHVWtPXORORVFODVLFDHQWHVWVGHHVWtPXORYLVXDOYHUEDOGHHVWtPXORVFRQFUHWRV\RWURV
HVWtPXORV
7HVWVGHHVWtPXORYLVXDOlRVHVWtPXORVSXHGHQVHUPiVRPHQRVHVWUXFWXUDGRVFRPRRFXUUHHQHO
5RUVFKDFKHQHO7$7RHQHOWHVWGH5HODFLRQHV2EMHWDOHV752
'HHVWtPXORYHUEDOsHGHULYDQGHODOLVWDGHSDODEUDVGH-XQJ,WHVWGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDVGH
SUHVHQWDFLyQRUDO\WHVWGH&RPSOHWDU)UDVHVGHSUHVHQWDFLyQHVFULWD
'HHVWtPXORVFRQFUHWRVlRVHVWtPXORVVRQREMHWRVUHDOHVRUHSURGXFFLRQHVDHVFDOD
'HRWURVHVWtPXORVeVWtPXORVWiFWLOHVVRQRURVSHOtFXODVHWF
6HJ~Q OD WDUHD SURSXHVWD /LQGVH\ ORV GLVWULEX\H HQ WHVWV GH DVRFLDFLyQ GH HODERUDFLyQ GH
FRPSOHWDUGHHOHFFLyQ\GHH[SUHVLyQ
7HVWVGHDVRFLDFLyQsHWUDWDGHSUXHEDVTXHSHUPLWHQDVRFLDUDXQHVWtPXORXQDUHVSXHVWDFRPRHO
5RUVFKDFKRHOWHVWGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDV
'HHODERUDFLyQRFRQVWUXFWLYRVsRQLQVWUXPHQWRVTXHSHUPLWHQHODERUDUXQDKLVWRULDRXQFXHQWR,
7$731&$7752
'HFRPSOHWDUELHQXQDIUDVHRXQUHODWReOWHVWGH5RVHQ]ZHLJ\HOGHFRPSOHWDUIUDVHV
'HHOHFFLyQXRUGHQDPLHQWReOVXMHWRHOLJHHQWUHGLIHUHQWHVHVWtPXORVJHQHUDOPHQWHYLVXDOHV,
6]RQGL31
39
'HH[SUHVLyQsHWUDWDGHSUXHEDVTXHSHUPLWHQREVHUYDUWDQWRODFRQGXFWDH[SUHVLYDGHOVXMHWRDO
TXHVHYDORUDFRPRHOUHVXOWDGRQDOGLEXMRMXHJRSVLFRGUDPD
/DGLYLVLyQSODQWHDGDSRU5)HUQiQGH]%DOOHVWHURV
)HUQiQGH]%DOOHVWHURVDPSOtDODFODVLFDFLyQGH'$Q]LHXVXEVWLWX\HQGRWHVWV
SRUWpFQLFDVDODVTXHGLYLGHHQHVWUXFWXUDOHVWHPiWLFDVH[SUHVLYDVFRQVWUXFWLYDV\DVRFLDWLYDV
(VWUXFWXUDOHVeOVXMHWRGHEHHVWUXFWXUDUXQPDWHULDOVHPLHVWUXFWXUDGRGLFLHQGRORTXHYHFRQ
OR TXH UHHMD FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV LQWHUQDV PiV R PHQRV HVWDEOHV GH VX SHUVRQDOLGDG FRPR HO WHVW GH
5RUVFKDFK
7HPiWLFDV eO VXMHWR D SDUWLU GH OD RUJDQL]DFLyQ GH XQRV HVWtPXORV YLVXDOHV PiV R PHQRV
HVWUXFWXUDGRVGHEHQDUUDUXQDKLVWRULD7$731&$7\752
([SUHVLYDVsHSLGHDOVXMHWRTXHUHDOLFHXQGLEXMR(O+73HOGLEXMRGHOD)LJXUDKXPDQD'$3
HWF
&RQVWUXFWLYDVeOVXMHWRGHEHFRQVWUXLUXRUJDQL]DUXQPDWHULDOVHJ~QODVGLIHUHQWHVFRQVLJQDV/D
VHVLyQGHMXHJRGLDJQyVWLFDHOWHVWGHO3XHEORRGHOD$OGHDLPDJLQDULD
$VRFLDWLYDVeOVXMHWRGHEHDVRFLDUDODSDODEUDHVWtPXORXQDSDODEUDXQDIUDVHRXQFXHQWReOWHVW
GH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDV
/DSURSXHVWDGH*$JXLUUH
$JXLUUHSURSRQHXQDWULSOHFODVLFDFLyQWHVWVGHHYRFDFLyQPHGLDQWHDVRFLDFLyQSHUFHSWLYD
WHVWV GH HYRFDFLyQ \ UHSURGXFFLyQ PHGLDQWH H[SUHVLyQ JUiFD \ WHVWV GH HODERUDFLyQ GH XQD VLWXDFLyQ
SHUFLELGD
(Q ORV WHVWV GH HYRFDFLyQ PHGLDQWH DVRFLDFLyQ SHUFHSWLYD OD UHVSXHVWD VH HYRFD D SDUWLU GH XQ
HVWtPXORYLVXDORDXGLWLYReOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK\HOWHVWGH$VRFLDFLyQGHSDODEUDV
(Q ORV WHVWV GH HYRFDFLyQ \ UHSURGXFFLyQ PHGLDQWH H[SUHVLyQ JUiFD HO VXMHWR GHEH UHSUHVHQWDU
JUiFDPHQWH ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GH XQ REMHWR HYRFDGR SRU OD FRQVLJQD ,QFOX\H WRGRV ORV WHVWV
SUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV'$3+73WHVWGHO$QLPDOWHVWGHOD)DPLOLD
(QORVWHVWVGHHODERUDFLyQGHXQDVLWXDFLyQSHUFLELGDDSDUWLUGHXQHVWtPXORRGHXQDVLWXDFLyQ
SUHVHQWHHOVXMHWRGHEHFRQVWUXLUXQDKLVWRULDTXHLPSOLFDXQLQLFLRXQGHVDUUROOR\XQQDO7$7
&$731752
*UDFLDV D OD VHFXHQFLD GH ORV UHODWRV HQ ORV WHVWV WHPiWLFRV HO SVLFyORJR SXHGH REVHUYDU OD HWDSD
HYROXWLYDTXHDWUDYLHVDHOQLxRVXVIDQWDVtDVLQFRQVFLHQWHVWLSRGHDQJXVWLDPHFDQLVPRVTXHXWLOL]DSDUD
VXSHUDUODDVtFRPRODSDWRORJtDUHOHYDQWHHOWLSRGHUHODFLyQGHREMHWRTXHHVWDEOHFH\HOSUHGRPLQLRGHXQD
LQVWDQFLDSVtTXLFD
35,1&,3$/(65(9,6,21(6()(&78$'$662%5((/862'(/26
7(676352<(&7,926
+DQVLGRYDULRVORVDXWRUHVTXHKDQLQYHVWLJDGRWDQWRODIUHFXHQFLDGHVXXVRFRPRODYLJHQFLDGH
DSOLFDFLyQGHHVWDVSUXHEDVHQHOSURFHVRGLDJQyVWLFRLQGLFDFLyQSODQLFDFLyQ\HYDOXDFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWR
(QHVWHVHQWLGRVHUHYLVDQORVWUDEDMRVGH,%:HLQHU5)UDQN\HOVRQGHR
GH RSLQLyQ HIHFWXDGR SRU 5 )HUQiQGH] %DOOHVWHURV TXH UHDOL]DGRV HQ pSRFDV \ SDtVHV GLIHUHQWHV
\ SHUWHQHFLHQGR VXV DXWRUHV D HQIRTXHV WHyULFRV WDPELpQ GLYHUVRV OOHJDQ D HVWDEOHFHU HQ DOJXQRV SXQWRV
FRQVLGHUDFLRQHV\FRQFOXVLRQHVVLPLODUHV
40
Tests proyectivos
,QYHVWLJDFLRQHVUHDOL]DGDVSRU,%:HLQHU
:HLQHU HQ VX DUWtFXOR 'RHV 3VLFKRGLDJQRVWLF KDYH D IXWXUH" VREUH HO XVR GH ORV WHVWV
HQ ((88 VH SUHJXQWD VL ORV WHVWV WUDGLFLRQDOHV HVWiQ SDVDGRV GH PRGD \ UHYLVD ORV UHVXOWDGRV GH GRV
HQFXHVWDV
/DUHDOL]DGDSRU6XQGEHUJ
8QDUpSOLFDDODPLVPDHIHFWXDGDGLH]DxRVPiVWDUGHSRU%/XELQ5:DOOLV\&3D\QH
'LFKDV LQGDJDFLRQHV OH SHUPLWHQ FRQUPDU HQ SULPHU OXJDU TXH HQ HO HVWXGLR GH 6XQGEHUJ
EDVDGR HQ OD H[SHULHQFLD GH VHUYLFLRV GH RULHQWDFLyQ \ GLDJQyVWLFR VH REVHUYD HO SUHGRPLQLR GH ODV
VLJXLHQWHVSUXHEDV
(OWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK
7HVWGH$SHUFHSFLyQ7HPiWLFD7$7
(O'LEXMRGHXQD3HUVRQD'$3
(OWHVW*XHVWiOWLFR9LVRPRWRU
(QVHJXQGROXJDUUHYLVDODUpSOLFDGHOWUDEDMRGH6XQGEHUJHIHFWXDGDSRU/XELQ:DOOLV\3DLQH
\FRQVWDWDORVLJXLHQWH
(O Q~PHUR GH VHUYLFLRV FOtQLFRV TXH XWLOL]DEDQ HO 5RUVFKDFK HQWUH VXV LQVWUXPHQWRV GLDJQyVWLFRV
KDEtDDXPHQWDGRUHVSHFWRGHSDVDQGRGHD
/DIUHFXHQFLDGHDSOLFDFLyQGHORVWHVWV\VXSRUFHQWDMHGHXVRHUDQPX\DOWRV
&XDQGR HQ 7KHOHQ9DUEOH \ -RKQVRQ LQYHVWLJDQ OD HQVHxDQ]D GH ORV WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV HQ ODV
)DFXOWDGHVGH3VLFRORJtDGHODVXQLYHUVLGDGHVQRUWHDPHULFDQDVFRQUPDQORVLJXLHQWH
6yORHOGHORVHQFXHVWDGRVFUHHQTXHHO5RUVFKDFKQRGHEHUtDIRUPDUSDUWHGHORVSURJUDPDV
GHOLFHQFLDWXUD
(OSLHQVDTXHVXHQVHxDQ]DGHEHUtDVHURSFLRQDO
0LHQWUDVTXHHOORFRQVLGHUDREOLJDWRULRSDUDORVDOXPQRVGH3VLFRORJtD&OtQLFD
3RVWHULRUPHQWHHQXQDVHJXQGDHQFXHVWDUHDOL]DGDDSDUWLUGHSURJUDPDVGH3VLFRORJtD&OtQLFD
6KHPEHUJ\.HHOH\REWLHQHQUHVXOWDGRVVHPHMDQWHVDORVDQWHULRUHV$ODxRVLJXLHQWH/HYLWWUHHMDOD
RSLQLyQGHOGHORVGLUHFWRUHVGHSUiFWLFDVTXLHQHVFRQVLGHUDQTXHVXVDOXPQRVGHEHQFRQRFHU\DSOLFDU
ORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRV
$OJXQRV DxRV GHVSXpV 5LW]OHU \ 'HO *DXGLR VHxDODQ TXH HQ HO GH ORV SURJUDPDV GH
GRFWRUDGRDSUREDGRVSRUOD$3$VHUHFRPLHQGDODHQVHxDQ]DGHO5RUVFKDFK\HQHOVXFRQWHQLGRHV
FRQVLGHUDGRHVHQFLDOHQXQFXUVRGH'LDJQyVWLFR3VLFROyJLFR'RVDxRVPiVWDUGH:DGH\FRODERUDGRUHV
UHFRPLHQGDQFRQRFHUHQSULPHUOXJDUHO5RUVFKDFK\GHVSXpVHO7$7:DLV%HQGHU\WHVWVJUiFRV
$FWXDOPHQWH\DSHVDUGHVXVGHWUDFWRUHVQRVyORQRKDGHFUHFLGRHOYDORUGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVLQRTXH
VHKDYLVWRLQFUHPHQWDGDVXLQYHVWLJDFLyQWDOFRPRVHYHUiHQORVSUy[LPRVFDStWXORV
(Q :HLQHU UHYLVD VX DUWtFXOR 'RHV 3VLFKRGLDJQRVWLF KDYH D IXWXUH SXEOLFDGR GLH] DxRV
DQWHV\FRQpO,ODXWLOL]DFLyQGHORVLQVWUXPHQWRVSVLFRGLDJQyVWLFRVSDUDODHYDOXDFLyQGHODLQWHOLJHQFLD\OD
SHUVRQDOLGDGHQORV((88, eQWUHFX\RVUHVXOWDGRVFRQVWDWD
7UHVWpFQLFDVWUDGLFLRQDOHVPX\XWLOL]DGDVHQSVLFRGLDJQyVWLFRVHHQFXHQWUDQHQWUHORVWHVWVPiV
DSOLFDGRVHQORV((88
:$,6
0LQHVVRWD0XOWLIDVLF3HUVRQDOLW\,QYHQWRU\003,TXHRFXSDHOVHJXQGROXJDU
5RUVFKDFK
4XHODUHYLVLyQHIHFWXDGDSRU:DGH\%DNHUPXHVWUDTXHGHORVHQFXHVWDGRVHO
XWLOL]DEDQ WHVWV FRQ VXV SDFLHQWHV \ HO KDFtD XVR GH VXV UHVXOWDGRV HQ DOJ~Q PRPHQWR GHO
WUDWDPLHQWR
'RHV3VLFKRGLDJQRVWLFKDYHDIXWXUH"7LHQHIXWXURHO3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR"6HSUHVHQWDSRUSULPHUDYH]WUDGXFLGDDOFDVWHOODQR
HQODREUDGH$OHMDQGURYLOD\&DUORV5RGUtJXH]6XWLO3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR&OtQLFR%LOEDR'HVFOpHGH%URXZHU
(OIXWXURGHO3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRUHYLVDGRSXHGHHQFRQWUDUVHHQQXHVWURSDtVHQODREUDDQWHVFLWDGDGH$YLOD\&5RGUtJXH]
6XWLO
41
/DFRQYHQLHQFLDGHTXHORVDOXPQRVUHVLGHQWHVHQFHQWURVGHSUiFWLFDVREWXYLHUDQXQDSUHSDUDFLyQHQ
3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRPHMRU\PiVH[WHQVDTXHODSURSRUFLRQDGDSRUORVSURJUDPDVGHOLFHQFLDWXUD
'HHVWHPRGRFXDQGR3HW]HO\%HUQGWVROLFLWDURQGHGLUHFWRUHVGH&HQWURVTXHVHxDODUDQ
ORVWUHVWLSRVGHFXUVRVTXHTXHUUtDQYHUUHHMDGRVHQHOFHUWLFDGRGHXQDVSLUDQWHDSVLFyORJRFOtQLFRWRGRV
HOORVVHUHULHURQDOGLDJQyVWLFRSVLFROyJLFR
*UDFLDVDXQDHQFXHVWDUHDOL]DGDSRU/HY\\)R[HQWUHODVSHUVRQDVTXHKDEtDQSURPRYLGR
SXHVWRVGHWUDEDMRSDUDSVLFyORJRVFOtQLFRVHQHOGHORVVHUYLFLRVHQFXHVWDGRVVHHVSHUDEDTXHORV
DVSLUDQWHVIXHUDQFDSDFHVGHDSOLFDUWHVWV\TXHHQHOLQFOX\HUDQWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVHQVXVSURJUDPDV
GRFHQWHV
(QORVFHQWURVGH6DOXG0HQWDOHQFXHVWDGRVSRU%URZQ\0DF*XLUHFRQHOPLVPRREMHWLYR,VH
REVHUYyTXHORVLQVWUXPHQWRVTXHVHDSOLFDEDQFRQPD\RUIUHFXHQFLDHUDQHO5RUVFKDFKVHJXLGRGHO'$3
7$7%HQGHU\003,
$SRUWDFLRQHVGH5)UDQNGH9HUWKHO\
)UDQNGH9HUWKHO\LEDViQGRVHHQODVSXEOLFDFLRQHVDSDUHFLGDVHQORVFLQFRDxRVDQWHULRUHVDVX
HGLFLyQHQHO-RXUQDORI3HUVRQDOLW\$VVHVVPHQWDQDOL]DGHVGH%RVWRQHOHVWDGRGHODHYDOXDFLyQ\HOXVRGHORV
WHVWVHQ((88'LFKDLQGDJDFLyQOHSHUPLWLUtDGHWHFWDUHODXJHTXHHQODDFWXDOLGDGWLHQHQHQ1RUWHDPpULFDQR
VyORORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVLQRWDPELpQORVWHVWVWUDGLFLRQDOHVODPD\RUtDGHORVFXDOHVKDQVLGRUHYLVDGRV
(QFXDQWRDODVWpFQLFDVDXWRDGPLQLVWUDGDVSHUVLVWHODSRSXODULGDGGHO003,HQVXYHUVLyQWUDGLFLRQDO
\DFWXDOL]DGD,\VHUHYDORUL]DFDGDYH]PiVHO,QYHQWRU\&OtQLF0XOWLD[LDOGH0LOORQ0&0,,,\0&0,,,,
GDGDVXFRPSDWLELOLGDGFRQHO0DQXDO(VWDGtVWLFR'60,9
(QORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVHFRQVWDWDHOSUHGRPLQLRGHO5RUVFKDFK,VHJXLGRDXQTXHPX\GHOHMRVSRU
HO7$76HLQFOX\HQDOJXQRVWUDEDMRVUHIHULGRVDOWHVWGH+RO]PDQDOWHVWGH5RVHQ]ZHLJ0$3WHVW
+DQG7HVW\GHULYDGRVGHO7$7&$7\31DVtFRPRDOJXQRVWHVWVJUiFRVWHVWGHO'LEXMRGHOD)LJXUD
+XPDQDWHVWGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQDWHVWGHO$QLPDO\WHVWGHOD)DPLOLD
(OFDULVPD\YLWDOLGDGGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVHQJHQHUDO\GHO5RUVFKDFKHQSDUWLFXODUGLFH5)UDQN
HQGLFKDFRPXQLFDFLyQSDUHFHGHEHUVHDXQDGREOH\SDUDOHODFRUULHQWHGHE~VTXHGD\GHVFXEULPLHQWR
/DSULPHUDVHGHEHDODXJHREWHQLGRSRUODVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVGH([QHUGHVGHDQWHVGHKDVWDOD
DFWXDOLGDG\DODDSOLFDFLyQGHO6LVWHPD&RPSUHKHQVLYRDOGLDJQyVWLFRLQGLFDFLyQSODQLFDFLyQ\
HYDOXDFLyQGHOSURFHVRWHUDSpXWLFR
/D LQGDJDFLyQ SHUPDQHQWH GH ODV YDULDEOHV HVWUXFWXUDOHV \ OD FHUWH]D GH VXV LQWHUUHODFLRQHV HQ HO
GLDJQyVWLFR GLIHUHQFLDO KD KHFKR SRVLEOH VX FDGD YH] PiV QD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ WDQWR FXDQWLWDWLYD
DQiOLVLVGHOUHVXPHQHVWUXFWXUDOFRPRFXDOLWDWLYDDQiOLVLVGHODVHFXHQFLDGHFRGLFDFLyQ\GHODV
UHVSXHVWDVSUR\HFWLYDVSURYHQLHQWHVGHODDVRFLDFLyQOLEUH\GHODHQFXHVWD
/DVHJXQGDFRUULHQWHGHRULHQWDFLyQPiVGLQiPLFD\FHQWUDGDHQODVUHODFLRQHVGHREMHWRVHGHEH
DOHVIXHU]RGH%ODWW\FRODERUDGRUHVTXHD~QVLQROYLGDUHODQiOLVLVFXDQWLWDWLYR
LQFLGHQHQHODQiOLVLVGHOFRQWHQLGRGHODVUHVSXHVWDV
(VWDFUtWLFDHVWDUtDDFWXDOPHQWHEDVWDQWHVROYHQWDGDFRQODLQWURGXFFLyQHQODOLFHQFLDWXUDGHO3UiFWLFXPDVLJQDWXUDTXHHQ
GHWHUPLQDGRV&HQWURVFRQVWLWX\HXQDYHUGDGHUDLQPHUVLyQHQODH[SHULHQFLDGLDULDPX\VLPLODUDODTXHH[SHULPHQWDQORVSURIHVLRQDOHV
GHOD6DOXG0HQWDO
6LUHFRJLpUDPRVODRSLQLyQGHORVGLUHFWRUHVGHORV&HQWURVGHSUiFWLFDVTXHDFWXDOPHQWHFRODERUDQFRQQXHVWUR3RVWJUDGR\
0DVWHUGH3VLFRORJtD'LQiPLFD,VHREVHUYDUtDTXHODVSUXHEDVTXHFRQPiVIUHFXHQFLDVHDSOLFDQHQGLFKRV&HQWURVVRQHQWUHYLVWD
FOtQLFDJUiFRV:,6&\:$,6003,\WHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVWHPiWLFRV31R&$7(QORVKRVSLWDOHVSVLTXLiWULFRV\HQORV&HQWURVFRQ
HVSHFLDOLVWDVHQHOWHVWVHDSOLFDHQWUHRWUDVSUXHEDVHO5RUVFKDFK6LVWHPD&RPSUHKHQVLYR
)UDQNGH9HUWKHO\L57HPDVHQ(YDOXDFLyQ3VLFROyJLFD'HVDItRVGHORVDxRV&RQIHUHQFLDLQFOXLGDHQHOiUHD
GH 'LDJQyVWLFR (YDOXDFLyQ \ $VHVRUDPLHQWR 3VLFROyJLFR &RQJUHVR EHURDPHULFDQR GH 3VLFRORJtD 0DGULG &ROHJLR 2FLDO GH
3VLFyORJRV
&RPXQLFDFLyQOHtGDHQHO,HU&RQJUHVREHUR$PHULFDQRGH3VLFRORJtD0DGULG
42
Tests proyectivos
5HYLVLyQGH5)HUQiQGH]%DOOHVWHURV
)HUQiQGH] %DOOHVWHURV D SDUWLU GH DOJXQDV GH ODV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV UHYLVDGDV SRU , :HLQHU
ODVOOHYDGDVDFDERSRU6XQGEHUJ\ODVGH/XELQ:DOOLV\3DLQH,UHDOL]DXQDHQFXHVWDGH
RSLQLyQHQWUHORVSVLFyORJRVFOtQLFRVHVSDxROHVFRQPiVGHWUHVDxRVGHH[SHULHQFLD6XREMHWLYRHUDFRQRFHU
WDQWRHOHVWDGRGHO3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRHQQXHVWURSDtVFRPRHOWLSRGHSUXHEDVTXHPiVVHXWLOL]DQDODSOLFDUXQ
GLDJQyVWLFRFOtQLFR3DUDHOORHODERUDUtDHO&XHVWLRQDULRGH2SLQLyQVREUH'LDJQyVWLFRFRQHOTXHREWLHQH
ORVVLJXLHQWHVUHVXOWDGRV
(O 3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR KDFH UHIHUHQFLD IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH D OD PHGLGD GH YDULDEOHV SVLFROyJLFDV
REWHQLGDVPHGLDQWHORVWHVWV
(O'LDJQyVWLFRWUDVSDVDODSXUDDSOLFDFLyQGHSUXHEDVSVLFROyJLFDVGHVWDFDQGRHQWUHVXVREMHWLYRVOD
SUHGLFFLyQRULHQWDFLyQ\WUDWDPLHQWR
/DV WpFQLFDV SUHIHULGDV \ PiV XWLOL]DGDV SRU ORV SVLFyORJRV FOtQLFRV HVSDxROHV VRQ OD HQWUHYLVWD
HO WHVW GH 5RUVFKDFK \ ODV SUXHEDV GH LQWHOLJHQFLD GH :HFKVOHU /RV HQFXHVWDGRV FRQVLGHUDQ TXH
HO 5RUVFKDFK OD HQWUHYLVWD \ ODV HVFDODV GH :HFKVOHU VRQ ODV PHMRUHV WpFQLFDV TXH VH DSOLFDQ HQ
3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR
/DV SULQFLSDOHV GHFLHQFLDV REVHUYDGDV HQWUH ORV LQVWUXPHQWRV GH QXHVWUD GLVFLSOLQD VH GHEHQ
D GHFLHQFLDV GH HVWDQGDUL]DFLyQ \ D OD IDOWD GH ULJRU FLHQWtFR HQ HO SURFHVR GH VX FRQVWUXF
FLyQ
(O QLYHO GH JUDWLFDFLyQ GH ORV SURIHVLRQDOHV TXH VH GHGLFDQ D OD 3VLFRORJtD $SOLFDGD SXHGH
FRQVLGHUDUVHPHGLR
/DFDOLGDGGHODHQVHxDQ]DXQLYHUVLWDULD\HVSHFLDOPHQWHGHODGLVFLSOLQD3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRVHJ~Q
ORV HQFXHVWDGRV HV GHFLHQWH 'LFKD FUtWLFD SDUHFH UHODFLRQDUVH FRQ OD QHFHVLGDG GH LQFUHPHQWDU
ODVFODVHVSUiFWLFDVHOWUDEDMRHQJUXSRVUHGXFLGRV\PHMRUDUHOQLYHOGHORVGRFHQWHV$WRGRHVWR
UHVSRQGHUtD0&0DUWRUHOODOLQVLVWLUHQODVLWXDFLyQGHSUHFDULHGDGLQFOXVRGHQXOLGDGGHODV
D\XGDVTXHGHEHUtDQGHVWLQDUVHDPHMRUDUODFDOLGDGGHODGRFHQFLDLQYHUVLyQHQGRWDFLyQGHPHGLRV
SURFHGLPLHQWRV\IRUPDFLyQFRQWLQXDGDWRGDYtDLQVXFLHQWH, IDOWDGHSURIHVRUDGRFRODERUDGRUHQ
SUiFWLFDV
/RVWUHVLQYHVWLJDGRUHVDOXGLGRV:HLQHU)UDQNGH9HUWKHO\\)HUQiQGH]
%DOOHVWHURV SHUWHQHFLHQWHV D pSRFDV \ SDtVHV GLIHUHQWHV FRLQFLGHQ HQ HO OXJDU TXH HQ QXHVWUD
GLVFLSOLQDRFXSDQHO5RUVFKDFK\HO7$7VLELHQ\UHVSHFWRDORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV:HLQHUVLW~D
HOWHVWGHO'LEXMRGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQDHQWHUFHUOXJDUPLHQWUDV5)UDQNXELFDHQODPLVPDWHUFHUDSRVL
FLyQ D XQ FRQMXQWR GH WHVWV SUR\HFWLYRV JUiFRV HQWUH ORV TXH LQFOX\H HO WHVW GHO 'LEXMR GH OD )LJXUD
+XPDQDHOWHVWGHOD&DVDUERO3HUVRQD+73HOWHVWGHOD)DPLOLDHOWHVWGHO$QLPDO\HOWHVWGH
OD3DUHMD
(QQXHVWURSDtVHOLQFUHPHQWR\YLWDOLGDGGHORVWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVVHGHEHDOWUDEDMRGHQXPHURVRV
SURIHVLRQDOHV TXH LQFOXVR GHVGH DQWHV GH VH KDEtDQ LQLFLDGR HQ HO HVWXGLR GH GLFKDV SUXHEDV \ GHO
5RUVFKDFK VLJXLHQGR HQ HVWH ~OWLPR WHVW GLIHUHQWHV RULHQWDFLRQHV 1RV UHIHULPRV D HVWXGLRVRV FRPR -
6DODV&6iLQ]$PRU$6HUUDWH-3HUWHMR0(5RPDQR\XQ
ODUJRHWFpWHUD\DGHVFULWRHQ
5HVSHFWR DO 5RUVFKDFK HQ SDUWLFXODU KDQ VLGR ODV HQVHxDQ]DV GH ([QHU DOJXQDV FRODERUDFLRQHV GH
:HLQHU\PiVDFWXDOPHQWHGH3K(GEHUJTXHFRQVXDSRUWDFLyQDQXDOHLQLQWHUUXPSLGDGHVGHKDVWD
HQ%DUFHORQD\0DGULGKDnGDGRVROLGH]DOHVWXGLRHQVHxDQ]D\DSUHQGL]DMHGHOWHVWHVWLPXODQGRHQ
(VSDxDVXULJXURVDLQYHVWLJDFLyQ\GHVDUUROOR
(Q &DWDOXxD HQ PXFKRV GH ORV &HQWURV GH$VLVWHQFLD 3ULPDULD ,QIDQWLOHV &$3,36 GHQRPLQDGRV
DFWXDOPHQWH&HQWURVGH6DOXG0HQWDO,QIDQWR-XYHQLOHV&60,-KDKDELGRXQLQFUHPHQWRGHODIUHFXHQFLD
GHDSOLFDFLyQGHO5RUVFKDFKWHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVWHPiWLFRV31\&$7\WHVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV'LEXMR
$OJXQRVGHGLFKRVSURIHVLRQDOHVVHQXWUtDQLQFOXVRHQODFRGLFDFLyQHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHYDULRVVLVWHPDVDOPLVPRWLHPSR
-6DODVIXHXQRGHORVSLRQHURVGHOD3VLFRORJtD$SOLFDGDHQQXHVWURSDtV
/D'UD&RQFHSFLyQ6iLQ]$PRUGLVFtSXODGH0DUJDULWD/RRVOL8VWHULIXHTXLHQLQWURGXMRVXPpWRGRHQ(VSDxD
\ODSULPHUDSURIHVRUDGH7pFQLFDV3UR\HFWLYDVTXHHQVHxyHOWHVWHQ%DUFHORQD'HWRGRVHVFRQRFLGDVXSDUWLFLSDFLyQHQHO&RQJUHVR
GH5RPD\VXYLQFXODFLyQDODHVFXHODIUDQFREHOJD
43
/LEUH+733\WHVWGHOD)DPLOLDLQFUHPHQWRTXHSRGUtDHVWDUUHODFLRQDGRFRQHOUHVXUJLPLHQWR\H[SDQVLyQ
GHOD3VLFRORJtD'LQiPLFD\GHO'LDJQyVWLFR'LQiPLFRGHOD3HUVRQDOLGDG
7RGR HVWH SURJUHVR KD VLGR SRVLEOH JUDFLDV D XQ JUXSR GH SVLTXLDWUDV \ SVLFyORJRV YLQFXODGRV D
OD 8QLYHUVLGDG GH %DUFHORQD DVt FRPR D GHWHUPLQDGRV FRRUGLQDGRUHV GH UHFRQRFLGRV &HQWURV GH 6DOXG
0HQWDOS~EOLFRV\SULYDGRVGH&DWDOXxDFRQVFLHQWHVGHODLPSRUWDQFLDGHLQYHVWLJDUHOSURFHVRGLDJQyV
WLFR OD FRPSUHQVLyQ GHO SURFHVR WHUDSpXWLFR \ HO DQiOLVLV GH ORV FDPELRV REVHUYDGRV DO QDOL]DU HO
WUDWDPLHQWR
%,%/,2*5$)$
$%7/%(//$./D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYD%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
$*8,55(*//RV7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRV%DUFHORQD/DHUWHV
$/&22&.7/DSUXHEDGH5RUVFKDFKHQODSUiFWLFD0p[LFR)RQGRGH&XOWXUD(FRQyPLFD
$0(6/%0(75$8;5:52'(//-/:$/.(551&KLOG5RUVFKDFK5HVSRQVHV1<RUN %UXQQHU
0DW]HO
$1=,(8'/RV0pWRGRV3UR\HFWLYRV%XHQRV$LUHVEDFR2ULJLQDOGHOIUDQFpV
9,/$$7pFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDV(Q$%ODQFR$SXQWHVGH3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR9DOHQFLD3URPROLEUR
9,/$$ /DV WpFQLFDV SUR\HFWLYDV HQ ORV ~OWLPRV YHLQWH DxRV$VSHFWRV FRQFHSWXDOHV \ WHQGHQFLDV GH OD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ
Proceedings Book3RUWXJDO6RFLHGDG3RUWXJXHVDGH5RUVFKDFK
9,/$$52'5*8(=687,/&3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR&OtQLFR0DGULG(XGHPD
9,/$$ 32&+ - &RPSLODGRUV 0DQXDO GH WpFQLFDV GH SVLFRWHUDSLD 0DGULG 6LJOR ;;, GH (VSDxD (GLWRUHV
6$
%(&.6-/H7HVWGH5RUVFKDFK9,3DUtV3UHVVHV8QLYHUVLWDLUHVGH)UDQFH
%(&.6-/H7HVWGH5RUVFKDFK9,,3DUtV3UHVVHV8QLYHUVLWDLUHVGH)UDQFH
%(&.6-5RUVFKDFKV7HVW9,,,$GYDQFHVLQLQWHUSUHWDWLRQ1<RUN*UXQHDQG6WUDWWRQ
%(//-(7pFQLFDV3UR\HFWLYDV%DUFHORQD3DLGyV
%(//$./7HVWGH$SHUFHSFLyQ7HPiWLFDLQIDQWLOFRQJXUDVDQLPDOHV&$7+%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
%/$776-%(5*0$1:+$0HWKRGRORJ\IRUWKHXVHRIWKH5RUVFKDFKLQ&OLQLFDO5HVHDUFK-RXUQDORI3HUVRQDOLW\
$VVHVVPHQW
%/(8/(5('HPHQWLD3UDHFR[RUWKH*URXSRI6FKL]RSKUHQLD1HZ<RUN,QWHUQDWLRQDO8QLYHUVLWLHV3UHVV2ULJLQDO

GHODOHPiQ
%2+0(3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGH5RUVFKDFK0DGULG0RUDWD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ49
%2+0(9DGHPeFXP del test de Rorschach0DGULG0RUDWD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ
%2+0(0DQXDOGHO3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGH5RUVFKDFK0DGULG0RUDWD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ49
%8&.-17KH+RXVH7UHH3HUVRQ7HVW9LUJLQLD&RORQ\
%85165&.$8)0$16+Los dibujos kinticos de la familia como tcnica diagnstica%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
&(/(1(5*/DVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDV6XHVWDWXVHSLVWHPROyJLFRDFWXDO%XHQRV$LUHV3VLTXp
&250$1 / (O WHVW GH OD )DPLOLD HQ OD SUiFWLFD PpGLFRSHGDJyJLFD %XHQRV $LUHV .DSHOXV] 2ULJLQDO GHO IUDQFpV

'(6$17,$*2)-)(511'(=0-*8(55$/53VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGLQiPLFRDWUDYpVGHODVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDV
6DODPDQFD$PDU~(GLFLRQHV
(5'(/<,0+3VLFRDQiOLVLV/D3VLFRORJtD&RJQLWLYDGH)UHXG%DUFHORQD/DERU
(;1(5-(7KH5RUVFKDFK$&RPSUHKHQVLYH6\VWHP9RO,1<RUN-:LOH\ 6RQV
(;1(5-(7KH5RUVFKDFK$&RPSUHKHQVLYH6\VWHP9RO,,1<RUN-:LOH\ 6RQV
(;1(5-(7KH5RUVFKDFK$&RPSUHKHQVLYH6\VWHP9,5HY(G1<RUN-:LOH\ 6RQV
(;1(5-($5RUVFKDFK:RUNERRNIRUWKH&RPSUHKHQVLYH6\VWHP7KLUG(GLWLRQ$VKHYLOOH1RUWK&DUROLQD5RUVFKDFK
:RUNVKRSV
(;1(5-($3ULPHUIRU5RUVFKDFK,QWHUSUHWDWLRQ$VKHYLOOH1RUWK&DUROLQD5RUVFKDFK:RUNVKRSV)LIWK(GLWLRQ
(;1(5-($5RUVFKDFK:RUNERRNIRUWKH&RPSUHKHQVLYH6\VWHP$VKHYLOOH5RUVFKDFK:RUNVKRSV
(<6(1&.+-8VRV\DEXVRVGHOD3VLFRORJtD0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD
)(511'(=%$//(67(52653VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR0DGULG&LQFHO
)(511'(=%$//(67(52653VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR0DGULG81('
)(511'(=%$//(67(5265,QWURGXFFLyQDOD(YDOXDFLyQ3VLFROyJLFD,\,,0DGULG3LUiPLGH
)(511'(=%$//(67(5265(YDOXDFLyQ3VLFROyJLFD0DGULG3LUiPLGH
)5$1./.3URMHFWLYH0HWKRGVIRUWKH6WXG\RI3HUVRQDOLW\-RXUQDORI3V\FKRORJ\
)5$1.'(9(57+(/<,5,QWHUDFFLyQ\SUR\HFWRIDPLOLDU(YDOXDFLyQLQGLYLGXDOGLiGLFD\JUXSDOSRUPHGLRGHOWHVWGH
ODIDPLOLDFLQpWLFDDFWXDO\SURVSHFWLYD%DUFHORQD*HGLVD
)5$1.'(9(57+(/<,57HPDVHQ(YDOXDFLyQ3VLFROyJLFD%XHQRV$LUHV/XJDU
)5$1.'(95&RQIHUHQFLDOHtGDHQHOiUHDGH'LDJQyVWLFR(YDOXDFLyQ\$VHVRUDPLHQWR3VLFROyJLFR,HU&RQJUHVR,EHUR
$PHULFDQRGH3VLFRORJtD0DGULG-XOLR
44
Tests proyectivos
)5(8'6/DQHXUDVWHQLD\ODQHXURVLVGHDQJXVWLD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ

)5(8'61XHYDVREVHUYDFLRQHVVREUHODVQHXURSVLFRVLVGHGHIHQVD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD
2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ
)5(8' 6 /D LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ GH ORV VXHxRV 2EUDV FRPSOHWDV 9RO ,, 0DGULG %LEOLRWHFD 1XHYD 2ULJLQDO GHO DOHPiQ

)5(8' 6 /D OLWHUDWXUD FLHQWtFD VREUH ORV SUREOHPDV RQtULFRV 2EUDV FRPSOHWDV 9RO ,, 0DGULG %LEOLRWHFD 1XHYD
2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ
)5(8'63VLFRSDWRORJtDGHODYLGDFRWLGLDQD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO,,,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ

)5(8'6$QiOLVLVIUDJPHQWDULRGHXQDKLVWHULD(OFDVR'RUD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO,,,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDO
GHODOHPiQ
)5(8'6$QiOLVLVGHODIRELDGHXQQLxRGHFLQFRDxRV2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO,90DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHO
DOHPiQ
)5(8'67yWHP\WDE~2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO90DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ
)5(8'6,QWURGXFFLyQDOQDUFLVLVPR2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO9,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ
)5(8'6/DDQJXVWLD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO9,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ
)5(8' 6 0iV DOOi GHO SULQFLSLR GH SODFHU 2EUDV FRPSOHWDV 9RO 9,, 0DGULG %LEOLRWHFD 1XHYD 2ULJLQDO GHO DOHPiQ

)5(8'6,QKLELFLyQVtQWRPD\DQJXVWLD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO9,,,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ

*22'(128*+)/7HVWGHLQWHOLJHQFLDLQIDQWLOSRUPHGLRGHOGLEXMRGHODJXUDKXPDQD%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV2ULJLQDO
GHOLQJOpV
*5$66$12(,QGLFDGRUHVSVLFRSDWROyJLFRVHQWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDV%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
+$00(5(7HVWVSUR\HFWLYRVJUiFRV%DUFHORQD3DLGyV2ULJLQDOGHOLQJOpV
+(57=055RUVFKDFKWZHQW\\HDUVDIWHU3V\FKRO%XOO
+(57=057KHRUJDQL]DWLRQDFWLYLW\(Q05LFNHUV2YVLDQNLQD5RUVFKDFK3V\FKRORJ\1<RUN-:LOH\
-81*&*7KH$VVRFLDWLRQ0HWKRG$PHULFDQ-RXUQDORI3V\FKRORJ\
./23)(5%7pFQLFDGHO3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGH5RUVFKDFK%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV2ULJLQDOGHOLQJOpV
./23)(5%'DYLGVRQ++0DQXDOLQWURGXFWRULRDODWpFQLFDGHO5RUVFKDFK%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV2ULJLQDOGHOLQJOpV

.233,7=(0(O'LEXMRGHOD)LJXUD+XPDQDHQORVQLxRV(GLFLyQ%XHQRV$LUHV*XDGDOXSH2ULJLQDOGHOLQJOpV

/$3/$1&+(-3217$/,6-%'LFFLRQDULRGH3VLFRDQiOLVLV%DUFHORQD/DERU
/(9<05)2;+03V\FKRORJLFDOWHVWLQJLVDOLYHDQGZHOO3URIHVVLRQDO3V\FKRORJ\
/226/,867(5,070DQXDOSUiFWLFRGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK0DGULG5LDOS2ULJLQDOGHOIUDQFpV
/8%,1%:$//,653$<1(&3DWWHUQVRISV\FKRORJLFDOWHVWVXVDJHLQWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV3URIHVVLRQDO
3V\FKRORJ\
//86-0Test de la Familia&XDQWLFDFLyQ\DQiOLVLVGHYDULDEOHVVRFLRFXOWXUDOHV\GHHVWUXFWXUDIDPLOLDU%DUFHORQD
2LNRVWDX
0(,/,50DQXDOGH'LDJQyVWLFR3VLFROyJLFR0DGULG0RUDWD
0855$<+$7KHPDWLF$SSHUFHSWiRQ7HVW0DQXDO+DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\3ULQWLQJ2IFH
3+,//,3621 + 7HVW GH 5HODFLRQHV 2EMHWDOHV 752 0DQXDO %XHQRV$LUHV 3DLGyV 2ULJLQDO GHO LQJOpV (G FDVW

3,2752:6.,)$5RUVFKDFK&RPSHQGLXPUHYLVHGDQGHQODUJHG(Q-$%UXVVHOHWDOWHUV(GWV$5RUVFKDFK7UDLQLQJ
0DQXDO8WLFD1<RUN6WDWH+RVSLWDO3UHVV
3,2752:6.,)5RUVFKDFK3V\FKRORJ\1<RUN-:LOH\DQG6RQV
5$3$3257'*,//006&+$)(557HVWVGH'LDJQyVWLFR3VLFROyJLFR5H(G%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV2ULJLQDO
GHOLQJOHV
5$3$3257'7HVWVGHGLDJQyVWLFRSVLFROyJLFR%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
5,7=/(5%$'(/*$8',2$&$VXUYH\RI5RUVFKDFKWHDFKLQJLQ$3$DSSURYHGFOLQLFDOJUDGXDWHSURJUDPV-RXUQDO
RI3HUVRQDOLW\$VVHVVPHQW
5256&+$&++HG3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFR%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ
526(1=:(,*6)DQWDV\LQSHUVRQDOLW\DQGLWVVWXG\E\WHVWVSURFHGXUHV-RXUQDO$EQ 6RF3VLFRO
529,5$72'$)0(O5RUVFKDFK1XHYDVDSRUWDFLRQHVGH-(([QHUDO6LVWHPD&RPSUHKHQVLYR(VWXGLRVLVWHPiWLFR\
DQiOLVLVLQWHUUHODFLRQDGRGHYDULDEOHV0DGULG6LJOR;;,
6$/$6-$QiOLVLVGHO3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGH5RUVFKDFKHQXQFDVRGHHVTXL]RIUHQLD$UFK1HXURELRO7;,,S
6$/$6-(O3VLFRGLDJQyVWLFRGH5RUVFKDFK0DGULG0RUDWD
6$0,$/,'HODSUR\HFFLyQ0DGULG3HWUHO
6&+$)(557KH&OLQLFDO$SSOLFDWLRQRISV\FKRORJLFDOWHVWV1<RUN,QWHUQDWLRQDO8QLYHUVLWLHV3UHVV
6&+$)(553V\FKRDQDOLWLFLQWHUSUHWDWLRQLQ5RUVFKDFKWHVWLQJ1<RUN*UXQHDQG6WUDWWRQ
6,48,(50/*$5&$$5=(120(/DV7pFQLFDV3UR\HFWLYDV\HOSURFHVRSVLFRGLDJQyVWLFR%XHQRV$LUHV1XHYD
YLVLyQ
9,9(6 *20,/$ 0 (O 5RUVFKDFK ,QVWUXPHQWR GH 'LDJQyVWLFR \ 3URQyVWLFR HQ OD 'LIHUHQFLDFLyQ GH HVTXL]RIUHQLD
%DUFHORQD338
45
:(,1(5,'RHV3V\FKRGLDJQRVLVKDYHDIXWXUH"-RXUQDORI3HUVRQDOLW\$VVHVVPHQWWUDGXFFDVWHOODQDHQYLOD

\5RGUtJXH]6XWLORSXVFLW
:(,1(5,%7KHIXWXUHRI3V\FKRGLDJQRVLVUHYLVLWHG-RXUQDORI3HUVRQDOLW\$VHVVPHQW
:(,1(5,%D&RQVLGHUDWLRQVLQFROOHFWLQJ5RUVFKDFKUHIHUHQFHGDWD-RXUQDORI3HUVRQDOLW\$VVHVVPHQW
:(,1(5 , % E $GYDQFLQJ WKH VFLHQFH RI SV\FKRORJLFDO DVVHVVPHQW 7KH 5RUVFKDFK 7HVW DV H[HPSODU 3V\FKRORJLFDO
$VVHVVPHQW

Test Proyectivos, Aplicacion Al Diagnostico y Tratamiento Clinico

Cargado por

Información del documento

Derechos de autor

Formatos disponibles

Compartir este documento

Compartir o incrustar documentos

Opciones para compartir

¿Le pareció útil este documento?

¿Este contenido es inapropiado?

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

Test Proyectivos, Aplicacion Al Diagnostico y Tratamiento Clinico

Cargado por

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

U

Maria Vives Gomila

Maria Vives Gomila

5HVSXHVWDV9DJDV '4Y 

$SOLFDFLyQGHODWHRUtDGHODVSRVLFLRQHVHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK  

&$378/2,;(/7(6731  

LQWHUQDGRVHQODSURYLQFLDGH%DUFHORQD %DUFHORQpV GHQLxRVFRQWUDVWRUQRVGHFDUiFWHUSDFLHQWHVSVLFyWLFRV

Los tests proyectivos

(Q7yWHP\WDE~ 6)UHXG ODSUR\HFFLyQVLJXHVLHQGRXQSURFHVRGHIHQVLYRIUHQWHDOD

Los tests proyectivos

$EW/%HOODN/  /D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYD%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV

Los tests proyectivos

VXEUD\DYLOD  HOFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQXWLOL]DGRSRU/)UDQN  HVHOPLVPRTXHDSOLFDUtD

Los tests proyectivos

4.4.1. Test de la Figura Humana

4.4.2. Test de la Casa, rbol, Persona

Los tests proyectivos

MXQWDPHQWHFRQ:DUUHQ  (*UDVVDQR  5)UDQN  \SRVWHULRUPHQWHDOJXQRVGH

/%HOODFN6-%HOODFNHODERUDQHO7$7LQIDQWLO &$7+ \SDUDSHUVRQDVPD\RUHV 6$7 

Los tests proyectivos

0HLOL  FRQVLGHUDODVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVFRPR

Los tests proyectivos

Los tests proyectivos

Los tests proyectivos

Los tests proyectivos

%/(8/(5(  'HPHQWLD3UDHFR[RUWKH*URXSRI6FKL]RSKUHQLD1HZ<RUN,QWHUQDWLRQDO8QLYHUVLWLHV3UHVV 2ULJLQDO

)5(8'6  /DQHXUDVWHQLD\ODQHXURVLVGHDQJXVWLD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD 2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ

Los tests proyectivos

:(,1(5,  'RHV3V\FKRGLDJQRVLVKDYHDIXWXUH"-RXUQDORI3HUVRQDOLW\$VVHVVPHQW WUDGXFFDVWHOODQDHQYLOD

También podría gustarte

5HVSXHVWDV9DJDV'4Y

$SOLFDFLyQGHODWHRUtDGHODVSRVLFLRQHVHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOWHVWGH5RUVFKDFK

&$378/2,;(/7(6731

LQWHUQDGRVHQODSURYLQFLDGH%DUFHORQD%DUFHORQpVGHQLxRVFRQWUDVWRUQRVGHFDUiFWHUSDFLHQWHVSVLFyWLFRV

(Q7yWHP\WDE~6)UHXGODSUR\HFFLyQVLJXHVLHQGRXQSURFHVRGHIHQVLYRIUHQWHDOD

$EW/%HOODN//D3VLFRORJtD3UR\HFWLYD%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV

VXEUD\DYLODHOFRQFHSWRGHSUR\HFFLyQXWLOL]DGRSRU/)UDQNHVHOPLVPRTXHDSOLFDUtD

MXQWDPHQWHFRQ:DUUHQ(*UDVVDQR5)UDQN\SRVWHULRUPHQWHDOJXQRVGH

/%HOODFN6-%HOODFNHODERUDQHO7$7LQIDQWLO&$7+\SDUDSHUVRQDVPD\RUHV6$7

0HLOLFRQVLGHUDODVWpFQLFDVSUR\HFWLYDVFRPR

%/(8/(5('HPHQWLD3UDHFR[RUWKH*URXSRI6FKL]RSKUHQLD1HZ<RUN,QWHUQDWLRQDO8QLYHUVLWLHV3UHVV2ULJLQDO

)5(8'6/DQHXUDVWHQLD\ODQHXURVLVGHDQJXVWLD2EUDVFRPSOHWDV9RO,0DGULG%LEOLRWHFD1XHYD2ULJLQDOGHODOHPiQ

:(,1(5,'RHV3V\FKRGLDJQRVLVKDYHDIXWXUH"-RXUQDORI3HUVRQDOLW\$VVHVVPHQWWUDGXFFDVWHOODQDHQYLOD