Global Hubs Areas providing focal points for activities that have global influence Switched on places that

that have lots of natural or/and human resources Can be world cities or technopoles (technologically advanced areas e.g. Silicon Valley) May have strong TNC investment e.g. Cadbury- Schweppes opened brand in Mumbai called Cadbury India Part of multiplier effect due to growth of wealth and ideas and innovations being shared. Leads to process called cumulative causation- model that explains why wealth becomes concentrated in certain places.

Human resources: Skilled labour Large labour force Affluent areas so attractive for investment Many languages spoken

Natural resources: Strategic location encourages investment e.g. Pacific Rim for trading Coastline for trade Oil Resources for industry e.g. minerals

Global hubs in different levelled income countries Rich countries have wealth in concentrated areas but have some wealth which trickles down to rural areas Middle income countries like Brazil have lots of poverty even though it has global hubs like Rio. Greater disparity encouraged by globalisation like in Nigeria. Core region of Lagos benefited from oil extraction whilst Ogoni tribe of Niger delta have received no benefits but damage even with the oil in their area.