TRNG I HC M THNH PH H CH MINH

KHOA CNG NGH SINH HC

BO CO

NGHIN CU V SN XUT RU
VANG T TRI IU

GVHD: ThS. NH XUN THIN

CHN

SV thc hin:
Nguyn Cng Bng
30760679
Ng Minh Ngc
Trn Trung hi
Nguyn Thnh Linh
H Vit Cng

Nhm 5

30700326
30760729
30700240
30700046

Thnh ph H Ch Minh thng 10-2010

MC LC

Chng I: Gii thiu

......................................................................................................................................................

Chng II: Tng quan ti liu

......................................................................................................................................................

5
1. Nguyn liu:
..............................................................................................................................
5
1.1 c im thc vt hc:
......................................................................................................................................................
5
1.2 c im phn loi:
......................................................................................................................................................
7
1.3 Thnh phn v gi tr dinh dng
......................................................................................................................................................
7

2. Nm mem:
..............................................................................................................................
8
2.1 Phn loi:
......................................................................................................................................................
8
2.2 Hnh dng v kch thc:
......................................................................................................................................................
9
2.3 Cu to:
......................................................................................................................................................
10

2.4 Sinh sn:

......................................................................................................................................................
10
2.5 Cc qu trnh sinh l ca t bo nm men:
......................................................................................................................................................
11
2.6 Qu trnh sinh trng v pht trin ca nm men:
......................................................................................................................................................
13
2.7. Mt s loi nm men thng gp trong sn xut ru vang:
13
2.7.1.

Saccharomyces

cerevisiae:

Saccharomyces

uvarum:

Saccharomyces

chevalieri:

Saccharomyces

oviformics:

13
2.7.2.
14
2.7.3.
14
2.7.4.
14
2.7.5.

Hanseniaspora

apiculate

chn

nm

Kloeckera

apiculata:

15
2.8

Yu

cu

vi

men

thun

chng:

15

3. Ru vang:
..............................................................................................................................
16
3.1 Gii thiu chung v ru vang:
......................................................................................................................................................
16
3.2 Phn loi ru vang:
......................................................................................................................................................
16
3.2.1Phn loi theo ngt:
......................................................................................................................................................
16
3

3.2.2Phn loi theo mu:

......................................................................................................................................................
17
3.2.3 Phn loi theo vng:
......................................................................................................................................................
17
3.3 Tnh hnh sn xut v tiu th ru vang trn th gii:
......................................................................................................................................................
17
3.4 Mt s sn phm ru vang Lt ca cng ty Lt Beco:
......................................................................................................................................................
18
3.4.1
Vang
lt

Export:
......................................................................................................................................................
18
3.4.2
Vang
lt
trng
Export:
......................................................................................................................................................
18
3.4.3 Vang lt Premium
......................................................................................................................................................
19
3.4.4
Vang
lt

Demisec:
......................................................................................................................................................
19
3.4.5
Vang
lt
:
......................................................................................................................................................
19
3.4.6
Vang
lt
trng:
......................................................................................................................................................
20

4. Quy trnh sn xut ru vang

..............................................................................................................................
20
4.1

ch

ca

qu

trnh

ln

men:

20
4.2 S quy trnh sn xut ru vang iu:
......................................................................................................................................................
22
4.3 Thuyt minh quy trnh sn xut ru vang iu:

......................................................................................................................................................
24
4.3.1
Nguyn
liu:
......................................................................................................................................................
24
4.3.2
Thu
nhn
v
phn
loi
nguyn
liu:
......................................................................................................................................................
24
4.3.3 Ra loi cung:
24
4.3.4
Lm

dp,

nghin

x:

25
4.3.5.
Sulfit
ha:
......................................................................................................................................................
25
4.3.6.
p:
......................................................................................................................................................
25
4.3.7
Ta
tanin:
......................................................................................................................................................
25
4.3.8
Lc
ta
tanin:
......................................................................................................................................................
26
4.3.9
phi
ch
ng
v
nc:
......................................................................................................................................................
26
4.3.
10
Ln
men
:
......................................................................................................................................................
26
4.3.11 Lc th v lc tinh:
......................................................................................................................................................
27
4.3.12 Rt chai, ng nt:
......................................................................................................................................................
27
4.4 Cc dng h hng ca vang v cch x l:
......................................................................................................................................................
27
4.4.1

hng

ru

vang

do

tc
5

ng

ca

vi

sinh

vt:

......................................................................................................................................................
27
4.4.2
H
hng
ru
vang
do
tc
ng
l
ha:
......................................................................................................................................................
27
4.4.3 H hng ru vang do tc ng sinh ha:
......................................................................................................................................................
28

5. Cc yu t nh hng ti nm men trong ln men ru vang:

..............................................................................................................................
28
5.1.
Oxy:
......................................................................................................................................................
28
5.2.
Nhit
:
......................................................................................................................................................
28
5.3.
Hm
lng
ng:
......................................................................................................................................................
28
5.4.
pH
ca
mi
trng:
......................................................................................................................................................
29
5.5
ngun
nit:
......................................................................................................................................................
29
5.6
Nc:
......................................................................................................................................................
29
5.7.
Cc
cht
ph
gia
khc:
......................................................................................................................................................
29
CHNG III PHNG TIN V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU:
......................................................................................................................................................
30
1.
Phng
tin
th
nghim:
......................................................................................................................................................
30
1.1.
a
im
th
nghim:
......................................................................................................................................................
30
1.2.

Thit

dng

c:

......................................................................................................................................................
30
1.3.
Ha
cht
s
dng:
......................................................................................................................................................
30
2.
phng
php
th
nghim:
......................................................................................................................................................
30
2.1
S

th
nghim:
......................................................................................................................................................
30
2.2
phng
php
ha
hc:
......................................................................................................................................................
30
2.2.1X lync m u o i(oivitrai):
..............................................................
30
2.2.2SdungH 2SO40,2N(oivitrai)
..............................................................
30
2.2.3. S dung gelatin(oi vi dch ep):
31
2.2.4 S dung Ca(OH)2

(oi

vi dch ep):

31
2.2.5 Phng phap ket hp muoi 2% va glegatin:
..............................................................
31
2.2.7Khaosatanhhngcuatonghamlngchat
khohoatanenqua
trnh
31

phng

2.3

len
php

men

nh

gi

ru:

cm

quan

31
2.2.6KhaosatanhhngcuapHenquatrnhlenmen
ru:

31
phng

2.3

php

nh

gi

cm

quan:

32
Bng ch tiu nh gi cm quan cho tng mu
......................................................................................................................................................
33

BNG NH GI CM QUAN

.........................................................................................................................................
33

NH GI V VI SINH VT
..............................................................................................................................
34
NH GI L HA

..............................................................................................................................
34

KT LUN
..................................................................................................
34
NH GI CA GIO VIN
..............................................................................................................................
35

 ti: NGHIM CU V CH BIN RU

VANG T TRI IU
Chng I: GII THIU
Cy iu bt u c bit n nh mt loi cy trng c gi tr kinh t nc
ta. Tuy nhin khi ni n qu iu ngi ta thng ch ngh ti mt vi sn phm ca n
nh: ht iu, du iu... cn tht qu iu b b i sau thu hoch ly ht, ch mt s
lng rt t khng ng k c s dng lm thc n gia sc, nc mm chay...
Trung bnh c 1 tn ht iu th c thu hoch th c n 8-10 tn tht qu iu
b ngi nng dn b i gy lng ph v lm nhim mi trng nghim trng, trong khi
tht qu iu li cha nhiu cht dinh dng nh: hm lng ng kh cao (54,7%),
cha nhiu vitamin B1, B2, c bit l hm lng vitamin C cao gp 5 ln so vi qu cam,
8 ln so vi qu qut, v mt lng nh cc mui v c: canxi, photpho, st...
Ru vang l mt loi ru nh c ln men t dch p tri cy, l mt thc ung
c gi tr dinh dng cao, hng v thm ngon v c li cho sc khe con ngi khi dng
mt cch iu .
Trn th gii, nht l cc nc Chu u, ru vang c t lu i v c
dng rt ph bin. Nhng nc ta, sn phm ru vang vn cha c quan tm
nhiu, qui m sn xut ch yu di dng th cng, ln men t nhin cha c c s khoa
hc cng nh phng php hp l dn n nng sut cng nh cht lng sn phm
cha cao
Thc trang ru vang nc ta rt t a s l phi nhp khu t nc ngoi vi gi thnh
cao. Ru vang trong nc chng ta ch bit n vi cc sn phm vang alat nh vang
du, vang nho... nhng chng ta cha tng thy v bit n vang iu. Chnh v nhng gi
tr dinh dng t tri iu m ngi nng dn b ph v mt s iu kin nu trn m
nhm chng ti quyt nh lm ti ch bin ru vang t qu iu.

Chng II: TNG QUAN TI LIU

1. Nguyn liu: Tri iu chn
1.1 c im thc vt hc:
L loi cy nhit i thch nghi rng trn nhiu loi t khc nhau t t st,
tht, ct, t bc mu n t c nhiu si , do iu c tim nng pht trin
trn nhiu vng trng khc nhau cc tnh pha Nam. L cy vng nhit i, cy lu
9

nm c chiu cao trong iu kin t nhin khong 12 m, tn rng n 25 m. Thch

ng rng trong iu kin khc nhit khc nhau, cy c th pht trin nhit
cao v hn ch nhit thp, vng nhit i c th trng trn vng cao nguyn,
tuy nhin khng nn trng khi cao tnh t mt bin hn 500 m. Do b r pht
trin nn cy c th chng chu kh hn tt, cy c th pht trin tt trn vng c
lng ma hng nm t 800 3.200 mm. hoc t ai bc mu, t ct, t c
nhiu si . Cy c th cho tri sau 4 -5 nm nu trng t ht v 3 nm trng t
cy ghp.

R: H thng r gm r ci v r ngang pht trin rt mnh lan rng v n

su gip cy c th ly c nc v dinh dng tng t su. Tuy nhin kh
nng pht trin ca r iu cn l thuc vo c cu t v mc nc ngm trong
t.

L: Thuc loi l n, khi l mi n cn non c mu xanh nht hoc hng sau

chuyn dn sang xanh thm khi gi, l c quan quang hp to cht d tr cho
cy, quyt nh nng sut t c, s lng l kho mnh trn cy nhiu l yu
t cn thit.
Hoa: Thuc loi hoa chm, pht trin u cnh, pht hoa iu c mu hng nht,
hoa iu nh gm 2 loi hoa c v hoa lng tnh, t l hoa c v lng tnh thay
i nhiu ph thuc vo mi trng v ging. Hoa iu tr vo ma ma thng 11,
thi gian ra hoa ko di 2-3 thng

Tri: Thuc loi tri nhn cng (ht iu), l phn pht trin t bu non
sau khi th phn s pht trin nhanh v t kch thc trung bnh di 2,6 3,1 cm;
ngang 2 2,3 cm, cn phn tri gi pht trin sau t hoa. Thi gian tri pht trin
ko di t 2-3 thng.

10