EJERCICIOS E. en D.

LINEAL HOMOGENEA
1. y
x+3
+ 2y
x+2
y
x+1
2y
x
=
Si y
x
= [
x

[
x+3
+ 2[
x+2
[
x+1
2[
x
= u
[
x
([
3
+2[
2
[ 2) = u
[
3
+ 2[
2
[ 2 = u
[
3
[ + 2[
2
2 = u
[([
2
1) +2([
2
1) = u
([
2
1)([ + 2) = u
[
1
= 1
[
2
= 1
[
3
= 2

y = C
1
[
1
x
+ C
2
[
2
x
+C
S
[
3
x

y = C
1
(1)
x
+C
2
(1)
x
+C
S
(2)
x

R// y = C
1
+ C
2
(1)
x
+ C
3
(2)
x


2. y
x+3
5y
x+2
+8y
x+1
4y
x
=
Si y
x
= [
x

[
x+3
S[
x+2
+ 8[
x+1
4[
x
= u
[
x
([
3
S[
2
+ 8[ 4) = u
[
3
S[
2
+8[ 4 = u
Posibles races !i"isores !e #$% _1, _2, _4
Evaluamos el 1 en el polinomio:
(1)
3
5(1)
2
+ 8(1) 4 = =
Cumple con la igualdad, por lo tanto el 1 es una raz. [
1
= 1
Ahora con divisin sinttica dividimos el polinomio entre la raz para
disminuirle el grado y hallar las dems races:

Ahora tenemos:
[
2
4[ + 4 = u
([ 2)
2
= u
[
2
= [
3
= 2

y = C
1
[
1
x
+ [
2
x
(C
2
x + C
S
)
y = C
1
(1)
x
+2
x
(C
2
x +C
S
)
R// y = C
1
+ 2
x
(C
2
x + C
3
)

&. y
x+2
2y
x+1
+2y
x
=
Si y
x
= [
x

[
x+2
2[
x+1
+2[
x
= u
[
x
([
2
2[ +2) = u
[ =
2 _ V4 8
2
=
2 _ 2i
2
= 1 _i
o = 1 ; b = 1
p =

o
2
+ b
2
= V1 + 1 = V2 = 2
1 2 /

0 = ton
-1
_
b
o
] = ton
-1
_
1
1
] =
a
4


y
x
= p
x
(C
1
cos(0x) + C
2
scn(0x))
y
x
= 2
x 2 /
_C
1
cux [
a
4
x + C
2
xen[
a
4
x_

#. y
x+1
= y
x+3

y
x+1
y
x+3
=
Si y
x
= [
x

[
x+3
[
x+1
= u [
x
([
3
[) = u
[
3
[ = u
[([
2
1) = u
[
1
= u
[ = _1

[
2
= 1
[
3
= 1

y
x
= C
1
[
1
x
+ C
2
[
2
x
+ C
S
[
3
x

y
x
= C
1
u
x
+ C
2
(1)
x
+ C
S
(1)
x

R// y
x
= C
2
+ C
3
(1)
x