Atmosphere

08 November 2013 11:26

Formula Sheet Pressure total Total pressure is made up of dynamic and static pressure The dynamic pressure is calculated using: - Density - Speed of streamline - Specific heat ratios - Specific Gas Constant - Temperature in Kelvin - Speed of object - Specific Heat Ratio - Specific Gas Constant - Temperature in Kelvin Altitude = - Temperature at static point - Temperature Lapse Rate - pressure at point - pressure at static point - Specific gas constant - Gravity - Distance from boundary layer - Reynolds number at x - Boundary layer thickness - Density Ratio Densities at altitude and sea level (ISA chart)

Layer Troposphere

Characteristics 0-12km (40000ft) Temperature varies with altitude Flow is more turbulent
12-50km (160000ft) Temperature remains constant Flow is more laminar 50-80km (260000ft) >700km

Dynamic Pressure

Stratosphere

Speed of sound

Mesosphere Exosphere

Thermosphere 80-700km (2300000ft) Mach number

Compressible flow occurs after Mach 0.2 and above Below Mach 0.2 Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) is equal to Equivalent Airspeed (EAS) 1 Nautical Mile is 1 minute of Arc at the equator 1km is the distance to the equator via Paris over 10000. Laminar flow provides more lift. However turbulent flow can help prevent separation of flow Boundary layer affects the effective size of the object as it interacts with free streams

Altitude

Boundary layer thickness in laminar flow

True Airspeed from Calibrated Airspeed Density Ratio

Aerothermodynamics Page 1