Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
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EYES
Senses : Sight
Stimulus : Light
Function : Seeing things
around us
SKIN
EARS
Senses : Touch
Stimulus : Touch, pain,
pressure and
temperature
Function : Response to
sense of touch
Sensory
organs
NOSE
Senses : Smell
Stimulus : Chemical in the
air
Function : Smelling
chemicals and
food
Senses : Hearing
Stimulus : Sound
Function : Hearing sound
TONGUE
Senses : Taste
Stimulus : Chemical in food
Function : Tastes food
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The
Exercise
1.1
1. The following table shows the stimuli detected by the various sensory organ.
Complete the table.
Sensory organ
Nose
Stimulus
Chemical substances in food
Eye
Sound
Skin
2. The following shows the pathways from stimulus to response. Fill in the
blanks.
Stimulus
Nerves
Response
Sense
Sensory organ
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Sensory Organ
: ________________________________________
Senses
: ________________________________________
Stimulus
: ________________________________________
Name of Receptor
: ________________________________________
Ossicles
Ear pinna
Oval window
Cochlea
Ear canal
Eardrum
Auditory nerve
Eustachian tube
Function
Vibrate when sound waves hit
on it.
Amplify sound vibrations
Changes sound vibrations to
nerve impulses
Send nerve impulses to the
brain for interpretation.
Equalizes the air pressure in
both sides of the ears.
Control the balance of the
body.
Semicircular canal
How do we hear ?
Auditory
canal
Oval
window
Brain
2 structures not
by : Abiana Bt. Jaafar (GCSC)
involved inPrepared
hearing
mechanism
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Exercise 1.4
Diagram 1
Auditory canal
Cochlea
(i) P : ____________________________________________________
(ii) Q : ____________________________________________________
(iii) R : ____________________________________________________
(c) (i) What is structure S?
________________________________________________________
(ii) State the function of structure S?
________________________________________________________
2.
Diagram 2
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: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
Diagram 3
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Ear
pinna
Oval
window
(c) Mark N in the diagram above to show two parts of the ear which are not
involved in the hearing mechanism.
Diagram 4
(a) Label the following parts in Diagram 1
Cochlea
Ossicles
Auditory nerve
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Sensory Organ
: ________________________________________
Senses
: ________________________________________
Stimulus
: ________________________________________
Name of Receptor
: ________________________________________
Location of Receptor
: ________________________________________
Aqueous humour
Cornea
Retina
Optic Nerve
Chroid
Lens
Vitreous humour
Yellow spot
Blind spot
Iris
Pupil
Sclera
Conjunctiva
How do we see ?
Parts of the eye
Function
Protects the eye
Allows light to enter the eye
Controls the size of pupil
Sends nerve impulses to the
brain for interpretation
Detects light stimulus
Maintains the shape of the
eye
Focuses light onto the retina
Aqueous
humour
Vitreous
humour
Brain
Prepared by : Abiana Bt. Jaafar (GCSC)
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Exercise 1.5
1. Diagram 1 shows a human eye.
Diagram 1
(a) Label the parts that are labeled H, I and L i Diagram 1 using the
information given below.
Cornea
Lens
Pupil
Diagram 2
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(a) Name X ?
___________________________________________________________
(b) State its function.
___________________________________________________________
(c) What is the function of Y?
___________________________________________________________
Diagram 3
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(a) Name the parts labeled P, Q and R by using the following terms.
Suspensory ligament
P
Q
R
Iris
Ciliary muscle
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
(c) State one difference between the blind spot and the yellow spot.
___________________________________________________________
Diagram 4
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(a) The flow chart below shows the flow of light in the sight mechanism.
Cornea
Brain
Eye lens
Vitreous humour
Retina
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
(b) Serena suffers from an eye defect due to the part labeled Q being too thin.
At which part of the eye the image seem to appear?
___________________________________________________________
(c) What is the term used for this type of eye defect?
___________________________________________________________
(d) What type of lens can be used to correct her eye defect?
___________________________________________________________
Diagram 5
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: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
(b) Mark P in the diagram above to show the part where the image are
formed.
(c) Complete the flow chart below to show the path of light rays from the
object entering the eye.
Cornea
Eye lens
(d) Name the part of the eye which functions to prevent the reflection of light
in the eye.
___________________________________________________________
Diagram 6
(a) Label one of the following structures in Diagram 6
Sclera
Choroid
Retina
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Retina
Sensory Organ
: ________________________________________
Senses
: ________________________________________
Stimulus
: ________________________________________
Name of Receptor
: ________________________________________
3 Main
Layers
________________________________________
Dermis
Pressure receptor
Epidermis
Touch receptor
Fatty layer
Heat receptor
Pain receptor
Cold receptor
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Exercise 1.2
1.
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows the cross- section of human skin.
(a) Label the above figure with the following information.
Pain receptor
cold receptor
sweat gland
(b) Nazri accidentally drops a coin on the floor. It rolls under a sofa. He put his
hand under the sofa and retrieves the coin. What senses are involved in
this sequence of action?
___________________________________________________________
Figure 2
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Y : ________________________
Z : ________________________
(b) When you accidentally step on a sharp nail, which receptor will be
activated?
___________________________________________________________
(c) Name two factors that influence the sensitivity of the skin to external
stimuli.
(i) ________________________________________________________
(ii) ________________________________________________________
Figure 3
(a) Label the following structures in the figure above.
Receptor
sweat gland
epidermis layer
adipose layer
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(b) State three receptors that can be found in the second layer of our skin.
(i) ________________________________________________________
(ii) ________________________________________________________
(iii) ________________________________________________________
(c) Based on the given statement above, make a hypothesis about the
sensitivity of our skin.
___________________________________________________________
Figure 4
(a) Name the labeled structures using the following terms.
Pain receptor
Cold receptor
Touch receptor
Pressure receptor
Heat receptor
Epidermis
Dermis
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Figure 5
(a) Liza is holding a glass of orange juice. She can feel that the glass is
cold. Which receptor is stimulated when she is holding the glass?
________________________________________________________
(b) Label the above diagram with these information.
Touch receptor
Pressure receptor
Q
S
Heat receptor
Pain receptor
R
P
(c) Name the part that actively produces sweat when you do physical
exercise.
________________________________________________________
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Sensory Organ
: ________________________________________
Senses
: ________________________________________
Stimulus
: ________________________________________
Name of Receptor
: ________________________________________
Location of receptor
: ________________________________________
How
Howdodowe
weSMELL?
SMELL?
Response
Nerves
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Sensory Organ
: ________________________________________
Senses
: ________________________________________
Stimulus
: ________________________________________
Name of Receptor
: ________________________________________
Location of receptor
: ________________________________________
1
2
1 : _____________________________
2 : _____________________________
So
3 : _____________________________
4 : _____________________________
Sweet
How
Howdodowe
weSMELL?
TASTE?
Chemicals in the
food
Receptor in sensory organ
Response
Nerves
Prepared by : Abiana Bt. Jaafar (GCSC)
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Exercise 1.3
1. Diagram 1 shows the areas P, Q, R and S on the tongue that are sensitive to
taste.
Diagram 1
(a) What taste can be detected in the following areas?
P
R
: ___________________
: ___________________
Q
S
: ____________________
: ____________________
(b) Give an example of a type of food that can be detected in areas R and S.
P
S
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
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(a) Write the word bitter and sweet to show the parts of the tongue that are
sensitive to the two tastes.
(b) State the taste of the following food
(i) Unripe mangoes - _________________________________________
(ii) Honey
- _________________________________________
Diagram 2
(a) Can the part labeled S detect sour tastes?
___________________________________________________________
(b) Give one reason for your answer in a(i).
___________________________________________________________
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(c) State all the different tastes that can be detected by the tongue.
___________________________________________________________
(d) Name the sensory cells in the tongue that can detect various tastes.
___________________________________________________________
(e) Name the fluid that dissolves chemical substances in food so that it can be
detected by the tongue.
___________________________________________________________
4. The diagram below shows the areas of the tongue which are sensitive to
various tastes.
(a) Write in the boxes provided to show the location of the areas of the tongue
that is sensitive to the following food.
(i) Salted egg
(ii) Panadol
(iii) Honey
(vii) Vinegar
(viii) Ice-cream
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Diagram 3
(a) F, G, I and J are areas on the tongue which are sensitive to tastes. Label
F, G, I and J in Diagram 1.
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Real
Formation of shadow
Periscopes
inverted
Kaleidoscopes
Mirrors
Examples of phenomena
Light travels in
straight line
Light can be
reflected
Refraction of light
a)
Light can be
refracted
Incident ray
glass
Light can be
dispersed
air
b)
Reflection of Light
Incident ray
Normal
Normal
Reflected ray
Incident ray
glass
air
c)
Incident ray
Angle of incident
Angle of reflection
Plane mirror
Normal
i = r
air
Laws of reflection
glass
Prepared by : Abiana Bt. Jaafar (GCSC)
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Science measures
Module Form 2 Chapter 1
Defects of vision and corrective
Defects
Corrections
It is corrected by using a
concave lens to diverge the
rays of light on the retina
It is corrected by using a
convex lens to coniverge the
rays of light on the retina
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SHORT - SIGHTEDNESS
LONG- SIGHTEDNESS
MODEL
MODEL
REASONS
a) Eyeball too ___________________
FORMATION OF IMAGE
Image is focused _______________________
CORRECTION
By a ________________________
Thick
Long
Thin
Blur
By a ________________________
Short
Clear
Concave lens
Astigmatism
Convex lens
Irregular surface
Presbyopia
Corrected by Prepared
using ____________________
by : Abiana Bt. Jaafar (GCSC)
Exercise 1.6
1. Fill in the blanks.
2.
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3.
Diagram 1
Diagram 1 shows the structure of a human eye.
(a) Mark (A) to represent the yellow spot and (B) to represent the blind spot in
the diagram above.
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
A man cannot see distant objects clearly.
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4.
Diagram 2
Diagram 2 show two common vision defects.
(a) Name the vision defect in
(i) X : ____________________________________________________
(ii) Y : ____________________________________________________
(b) State the types of lens used to correct the vision defects in
(i) X : ____________________________________________________
(ii) Y : ____________________________________________________
(c) Draw the diagrams below how you can correct the vision defects by using
the lenses you named in (b).
(i)
(ii)
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(a) Complete the light rays in the figure above to show short- sightedness.
(b) What parts of the eye are represented by the following materials in this
experiment?
(i) Convex lens on flask
(ii) Fluorescent solution
(iii) Surface X
: ____________________________________
: ____________________________________
: ____________________________________
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Diagram 3
(a) Name the visual defect?
___________________________________________________________
(b) Give two conditions of the eyes that caused the defect?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(c) How can the defect be corrected?
___________________________________________________________
(d) On the diagram, draw the correction to the vision defect.
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_________________________
_________________________
Location of
the eye
_________________________
Picture 566.jpg
_________________________
Size of the
field of
vision
_________________________
_________________________
Overlapping
fields of
vision
Importance
of vision
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Examples
Narrow
Monocular vision
Differences
Wide
Overlapping fields
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No overlapping fields
Exercise 1.7
Monkey
Cat
Eagle
Rat
Deer
Fish
Chicken
Owl
Dog
Cow
Goat
Human
Type of vision
Stereoscopic
Monocular
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2.
Diagram 1
: _______________________________________________
: _______________________________________________
(b) State one advantage and one disadvantage in the vision you name in
(a)(i) .
(i) Advantage
: __________________________________________
(ii) Disadvantages : __________________________________________
(c) State one advantage and one disadvantage in the vision you name in
(a)(ii) .
(i) Advantage
(ii) Disadvantage
: __________________________________________
: __________________________________________
(d) Give one other example of each of the animals that has the same vision
as animal P and Q.
(i) P
(ii) Q
: _______________________________________________
: _______________________________________________
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Diagram 2
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(a) Based on your observations of the pictures in the diagram, state one
characteristic of any four of the animals P, Q, R, S and T.
P
Q
R
S
T
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
(b) Classify the animals P, Q, R, S and T into two groups based on type of
vision. Name the animals belonging to each group
T, U, V and W
Type of vision
Name of animals
ii
ii
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Sound is produced by
vibration
Properties of sound
Soft and rough surfaces
are good sound absorbers
Nastic
movements
Definition
Stimulus
Plant response to
light
Plant response to
gravity
Plant response to
water
Movement made
by a plant in
response to touch
or contact
Movement made
by a plant in
response to
external stimuli
Light
Part of plant
involved
Shoot
Gravity
Root
Water
Root
Touch
Tendrils
Touch
Leaves
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Exercise 1.8
Response
Gravity
Water
Touch or contact
2. Complete the following chart about the response of plants to stimuli and their
functions.
Response of plants to
Light
Water
Gravity
Types
Functions
Shoots
Roots
Shoots
Roots
Shoots
Negative
Prepared Phototropism
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Roots
Figure 1
(a) Write phototropism, geotropism and thigmotropism in the appropriate box
in Figure 1.
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4. The diagram shows the responses of various plant parts towards external
stimulus.
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
: ____________________________________________________
(b) Group the above pictures P, Q, R and S into two groups, giving the parts
of the plants involved.
P, Q, R and S
Common grouping
Parts of plant
5. gjhihkj
ii
ii
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5. The diagram shows the set up of an experiment to study how plants respond
to light.
(a) Draw and show how the seedlings in the diagram will grow and respond
towards light after 5 days.
: __________________________________________
: __________________________________________
: __________________________________________
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(a) Draw and show how the seeds will grow after 3 days in the following
diagram.
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7. The experiment in the figure below is carried out to study the response of
plants to water.
: __________________________________________
: __________________________________________
: __________________________________________
(b) Suggest the relationship between the variable which is manipulated and
the variable which responds.
___________________________________________________________
(c) Draw the response of the roots of seedlings in the figure below at the end
of experiment.
(d) What is the name given to the response of the roots to water?
___________________________________________________________
(e) What is the importance of the roots responding in (d) to plants?
_________________________________________________________
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(d) Name the response that is shown by the roots in beaker P and beaker Q.
___________________________________________________________
(e) Complete the following table.
Tropism
Stimulus
Light
Geotropism
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9.
(a) Explain the hypothesis of the experiment shown in the above figure.
___________________________________________________________
(b) Give the variable that is
(i) Constant
(ii) Manipulated
(iii) Responding
: __________________________________________
: __________________________________________
: __________________________________________
(e) Draw what you will see one week after the rooting of the seedlings.
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Exercise 1.1
1.
Sensory organ
Nose
Tongue
Eye
Ear
Skin
2. Stimulus
Response
Stimulus
Chemical substances in the air
Chemical substances in food
Light
Sound
Touch, pain, pressure and
temperature
Receptor
Effector
Nerves
Brain
3.
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