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Reference number : 4618 - 021 OPERATING AND INSTRUCTION MANUAL MODEL: Signature MODEL: P+O-W-E+R+P+H-AsS+E ‘Supplied by: SAFELINE LTD MONTFORD ST, SALFORD, ENGLAND i Tel: 44 (0)161 848 8636 L Fax: 44 (0)161 888 2292 Issue 3 Copyright © Safeline limited, 1996, 1997 No part of this document may be reproduced, or translated, in any form, electronic or otherwise without the prior written consent of Safeline limited. Neither Safeline nor its Agents will be liable for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the use of this document. Safeline reserve the right to change the contents or form of this manual at any time without prior notice having been given. This detector must only be used for the express purposes as advertised by Safeline and as referred to in this and other Safeline approved literature. Aims of this manual, ‘This manual s intended to help those customers who need to: 1) Install the detector 2) Commission the detector subsequent to replacement or installation, 3) Operate the detector on a day to day basis. 4) Change some of the product dependent and installation dependent parameters. 5) Communicate with the detector using serial communications. 5) Arrange a maintenance schedule using the printer option, This manual is NOT intended as either- 1) A Service Manual, (although some fundamental diagnosis is included in this manual) 2) A Workshop Manual - No detailed technical analysis, either mechanical, electrical or electronic is Contained in this manual 3) Commercial information - for example sales literature or publicity information. Safeline technical publications are designed to be backwardly compatible with all previous versions of detectors in the family. This means that the later issues of manuals will be fully compatible with older equipment, however the older equipment may not have all ofthe features of later manuals. NOTE. ‘An upgrade service is aveilable from Safeline, at a fee, that will upgrade older detectors to the latest ‘specification, where possible. Please contact your supplier's technical departments for information on this service. Remember to have your serial number ready when making the call. Published in England i 4618 - 021 Pl WUNARY PAGES Amendments Safeline have a policy of updating manuals to include new features, correct erratum, or incorporate customers requests. The Amendment Record below is provided for the express purpose of the customer, or supplier, to record any amendments that may have been included in this document. For further information or to order copies of this document contact Safeline Ltd. at the address shown on the title page of this document, quoting the reference number given on the title page. Hf the document was purchased directly from Safeline, or the supplier is unavailable al the supplier address given, then contact Safeline directly via the address given on the tile page of this document. If the owner of the manual has any comments or suggestions as to the form, content or presentation of this, manual then they shoutd write their suggestions and send them to the Technical Department at the Safeline address given on the title page. Amendment Record Ifyou receive an update for this manual then: 4. Altach the update sheet(s) to the rear of the manual, 2. _ Inthe row whose ‘Amendment’ number matches that of the received amendment:- 2) Print your name in the “incorporated By’ box, ») Print the ‘Date’ box with the date you updated the manual. AMENDMENT INCORPORATED BY DATE Tssue 1 Safeline January 1997 Issue 2 Safeline ‘September 1887 Tssu0 3 Safeline November 1997 4618 - 021 PRELI Warnings and Cautions: Awe ‘THE ABOVE CAPTION IDENTIFIES AN OPERATING PROCEDURE OR PRACTICE THAT COULD RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. Low ‘The above caption identifies an operating procedure or practice that could result in dama destruction, of the detector, the process or its surroundings. A ‘The above caption is used to draw the roaders attention to a note of extra importance. Aon ‘manual is regarded as an integral part of the detect ‘This manual must always be kept with the detector for the whole of its operating life. A WHEN THIS CAPTION IS SHOWN ON THE EQUIPMENT IT IS USED TO INDICATE THE POSSIBILITY OF ELECTRIC SHOCK. A WHEN THIS CAPTION IS SHOWN ON THE EQUIPMENT IT IS USED TO INDICATE THAT THE MANUAL MUST BE CONSULTED BEFORE PROCEEDING. iv 4618 - 021 PRELIMINARY PAGES Handling instructions ‘The detector does not contain any exposed noxious or dangerous substances. ‘When transporting and handing the detector damage may resuttif the iting equipment (i.e. sling, cable assembly or by hand) passes through the aperture of the detector. The diagrams below show the incorrect way and the correct way to lift and support the detector during transportation. CORRECT INCORRECT Safeline does not recommend the lifting or supporting of the detector by a person. Always use suitable lifting or supporting apparatus. Safeline will accept no lability for personal injury caused by attempting to lift or move the detector without the aid of a mechanical apparatus, If supporting the detector in a sling or other lifting apparatus always ensure that the detector is securely held and |s not tkely to unbalance during lifting 4618-021 v PRELIMINARY PAGES Safety Instructions Most companies have a code of practice for their employees which is designed to ensure their safely in the \working environment. When new equipment is introduced its important that operators, maintenance engineers and supervisors are aware of the potential hazards. ‘The following guidelines must be followed by any person concerned with the operation, installation or handling of the detector to ensure correct operation and to avoid any damage to the detector or to the person concerned. Lewes The equipment should only be used in accordance with the instructions given herein. Failure to comply with these instructions may lead to the protection provided by the equipment becoming impaired. ‘Safetine will not be liable for incidental or consequential damage if the equipment is not installed in accordance with the instructions given. Lvs ‘On no account should any of the electrical panels of your detector be opened by anyone other than a qualified electrical engineer. Voltages in excess of 30 volts rms or 50 volts DC. can, circumstances be lethal. When working on electrical or electronic equipment always follow current heaith and safety practices and observe all other applicable regulations. Aon For correct operation and to pre document under the heading Avo In accordance with EN 61010-1:1993 this equipment has been designed to be safe at least under the following conditions: vent any damage to the detector follow the instructions given in this tallation’. Indoor use, Altitude up to 200m. Storage temperature: -10 °C to +50 °C (15°F to 120 °F) Operating temperature: -10 °C to +45 °C (15 °F to 110 °F) Maximum relative humidity 93% for temperatures up to 45°C. For connection to TN (EN60950:1992) power distribution systems only, for connections to other power distribution systems please contact your supplier. Mains supply voltage Mluctuations not to exceed +10%/-15% of the nominal voltage. ‘Transient overvoltages according to INSTALLATION CATEGORY Il. Pollution degree 2 in accordance with IEC 664. vi 4618-021 Detector Precautions | u Aor \| During installation and operation of the detector the following points must be considered, Failure to do so may result in difficulties of operation, degradation in the performance or damage occurring to your detector. 1. Electric Are Welding Electric Arc Welding must not be carried out on the detector or on any part of the attached conveyor system. i If Electric Arc Welding must be carried out on any attached systems, disconnect and remove the detector | head and detector power supply box prior to welding. ; 2. Power Source Itis recommended that the power source should be taken from a source which supplies only low power equipment. itis recommended thatthe detector should not be connected to power sources which are supplying varying current loads, 0.9. Invertors, variable-speed drives et, Itis recommended that the power source for the detector should be connected via an independent spur. The power source for the detector should be fitted with an isolation switch and the appropriate circuit breaker andor fuse. Electromagnetic Interference Itis recommended that the detector should not be installed in close proximity to any devices which may emit electromagnetic interference e.g. Radio transmitters. Ensure all Invertors and variable-speed drives in the proximity of the detector are installed in full aceordance with their manufacturers instructions. | Where possible avoid placing any cables from Invertors, variable-speed drives etc. in close proximity to | the detector or the detector cables. In particular take care to avoid placing the detector in the proximity of any equipment that generates ‘lectromagnetic interference in the same frequency range as the detector. 4. Magnetic Fields (Ferrous Detectors Only) Itis recommended that this type of detector should not be installed in close proximity to any potential source of magnetic fields. Metal Free Zone (M.F.Z.) To achieve the optimum detector performance, an area surrounding the aperture of the detector known as the Metal Free Zone (M.F.2.) must be kept free of metal. The size of this zone willbe dependant upon the type of detector, the detestor's aperture height and the detector’s operating sensitivity. Stationary metal may be positioned closer to the detector than moving metal i Typical values of M.F.Z for standard metal detectors are: M.F.Z. = 1.5 x aperture-height for stationary metal M.F.Z. = 2.0 x aperture-height for moving metal ues of M.F.Z for Ferrous detectors are: MZ. = 1.5 x aperture-height for stationary non-Ferrous metal ME.Z. = 2.0 x aperture-height for moving non-Ferrous metal. M.F.Z. = 2.0 x aperture-height for stationary Ferrous metal } M.F.Z, = 3.0 x aperture-height for moving Ferrous metal 4618-021 vil Avoiding aperture damage Atall times ensure thet the product does not come in contact with, or impact onto the detector aperture or ‘aperture lining. 7. Handting and lifting When transporting and handling the detector damage may result if the liting equipment (e.g. sling, cable ‘assembly or by hand) passes through the aperture of the detector. Never pass any lifting or supporting equipment through the detector aperture. Always observe best practices for handling heavy items when kiting or moving the detector, 8 Detector support structures ‘Avoid supporting the detector on vibrating structures andor machines subject to mechanical shock. No part of the supporting structure should rely on the detector for structural integrity. No part of the supporting structure should be attached to the detector other than through the detector mounting blocks supplied. 9 Bolt maintenance Certain substances (e.g, metal fragments, liquids etc.) which can be detected by the metal detector are likely to cause unexpected detections (often giving the appearance of erraticlincorrect operation) if they adhere to the conveyor belt. To minimise the chance of this occurring: @) Avoid any operations that may cause metal fragments to come into contact with the conveyor belt eg. welding, metal driting or cutting in the vicinity of the conveyor belt. b) Clean the conveyor beit regulary. 10. Orientation of contaminants Metal detector sensitivity is exoressed as the diameter of the smallest spherical object which can be detected. (ie. diameter of a ball. ‘Sensitivity to non-spherical objects of the same material (e.g. wire fragments) will vary according to the Orientation of the object as it passes through the detector aperture. If the diameter of the object is less than the stated spherical sensitivity the object may not be detected. 11. Product packaging materials To achieve the optimum detector performance in applications where the product being inspected is packaged - ensure that the packaging materials used are free from metal contamin 12, Continuous maintenance and testing Itis recommended that at regular intervals testing with an appropriate test sample is performed to ensure the detector and any attached reject mechanism is functioning correctly Its recommended that inspection and cleaning of the detector system should be carried out at regular intervals, vil 4618-021 NARY PAGES Contents PRELIMINARY PAGES ‘Aims ofthis manual. ‘Amendment... Wamings and Cautions... Handling instructions Safety instructions... Detector Precautions Contents (this page).. Index List of iustrations List of Abbreviations OVERVIEW Principles of Operation for the Metal Detector. Phase Control FEATURES Features of Your Metal Detector.. Product Numbers... Timer Groups.. Timer Types. Automatic Setup, Product Signal Cancellation (opton).. Automatic Tracking (option). Inverse Detection. Quality Assurance Support (option) (Pettormance Validation Routines - PVR) Serial Communications. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Technology. Frequency of Operation of Coil Product throughput speed... Power Input Internal Battery .... ‘Temperature Range Humidity Range. ‘Warm Up Time. Environmental Protector Sound Output... Switched Power Output Reject Relay ..... System Fault Retay (Optional) Detect Signal... Faull/Detector Active Output Q.A. Due/Overdue Output Pack Sensor Requirements Speed Sensor Requirements... : Reject Confirmation Sensor Requirements RS232 Serial Communications 7 Internal Counters anes ‘Spherical Sensitivity nn Sensitivity Ratios. Sit Sensitivity Gradient Timer Ranges ... NNN aca noonaounonooaaaann 4618-021 ix PRELIMINARY PAGES | CONTENTS (continued) i INSTALLATION GENERAL wn ee eee 9 i MECHANICAL INSTALLATION. 9 | ‘Metal Free Zone (MFZ)... 9 | Consiruction of the Detector installation 10 | Positioning the Detector head jr. 10 i Electrical Connections... 10 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION 13 ‘General 13 Location and Layout of the Detector Terminals 13 Removing the Power Supply Box Lid. : 13 Wiring and circuit breaker details. 13 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION. f Fe 7 “The Control Pane a 7 ‘The Page Display System... Ce eee eee 18 The Touch Keys Explained : 18 Entering Security Codes. : saneanes 19 Changing Numeric Values nn nninesnnnnnsnnnnnnnnmnnnnnnnnnnnnn 20 INTRODUCTION TO THE GUIDES ...... 24 Introduction To The "How to. Boxes 21 Universal Settings Guide. 2 Product Number Settings Guide . 24 Performance Validation Guide . 5 ‘Speed change guide... ar MANUALLY SETTING THE DETECTOR FOR A PRODUCT 28 General 28 Notes on Passing Product Through the Detector 28 | Manual Setup for Non Product Effect Applications . 29 Manual Setup for Product Effect Applications.. 29 RUNNING MODE. BS eae eee eet S3: Introduction .. cess: Serial Number, Version and Model eee ol 38 Pack Count and Reject Count. Seats eitet tit 3a Time 34 ‘OPERATOR MODE. - . . 7 ' Product Number, Auto Setup and Name a7 Sensitivity and Phase... 37 SUPERVISOR MODE 39 Introduction 39 Product Number, Auto Setup and Name... 39 ‘Sensitivity and Phase ..nonun 39 Operating Frequency... 40 Select Timer Group. 40 Reject Count 40 Pack Count. 40 x 4618 - 021 PRELIMINARY PAGES CONTENTS (Continued) ENGINEER MODE. Introduction . Product Number, Auto Setup and Name Sensitivity and Phase. Operating Frequency Power Drive Select and Update Timer Inverse Detection ‘Automatic Tracking (option).. Product Signal Canetaon (5) opton. Reject Court... Pack Count Reject it (Version 71.03 or ices) Vibration Setup. Pack Sensor Setup Security Setup Speed Setup Auto. Tracking Setup Detection Buzzer.. : Reject inhibit (Versions XT1.00 and XT 1.07 envy : Reject Contmaton (pn) nnn Boost Mode. AUTOMATIC SETUP. Introduction Notes On Passing Product Through the Detector. Product Signal Cancellation Carrying Out Automatic Setup .. How to Manually Trin The Phase VIBRATION SETUP... Introduction... Sensitivity Limit... PACK SENSOR SETUP. Introduction .. Pack Sensor Fitted ‘Sensor Distance. Pack Sensor Calibration ‘SECURITY SETUP. Introduction... Operator ACCESS... Changing Security Codes... SPEED SETUP Introduction .... ‘Speed Range... Product Speed 4618-024 xi PRELIMINARY PAGES CONTENTS (continued) AUTO. TRACKING SETUP. 68 Introduction 68 Notes for correc operation. 68 Automatic tracking maxima rata 88 ‘Automatic tracking maximum span 2 ‘Automatic tracking damping. 6 QA INSPECTOR MODE (OPTION) 70 Introduction 1 Printer. 72 Configuring the Performance Validation Routine. 72 Line Identification ... 72 Printer Fite, ; A Printer FixediPoriabia 2 Test Samples. B ‘Shift Report Options. 73 ‘Shift Report Interval 74 ‘Shift Report Start Time. 4 Test interval .......... 75 Overdue Period. 75 ‘arm If Overcu. 7 Change QA Operator: ‘Code . 76 QA. Inspector Print Men... 7 QA. Inspector Test Menu... 7 QA OPERATOR MODE.. 78 Intzoduction 78 QA Operator Secury Codes Sr ca 78 Ganying Out a Performance Check 78 Select Test Material eee : : 78 Select Test Result... nnn ea See Worst Case Testing »-wsssnonmnennnnncnnancnne 79 VIEWING MODE. 81 Introduction Bt REJECT TIMERS INTRODUCTION 82 Recommended Applications A = H fy Bea rs see 82 ‘Timer Groups A, B oF © ......0 H +H FI 82 Important notes for timer setup........ 82 ‘Sampla Size Selection 82 Product Presentation 82 Pack Length Limitation for Packaged Products . 82 Positioning of Pack Length Sensor on Gated Timer 83 tmt TIMER saceeeeere ooo eo Introduction oe oo aoe 4 Setting Timer type tmnt. 84 Testing the Reject Device sn : Ser ‘tm2[G] TIMER - NON GATED MODE, - a _- 89 Introduction .. 89 tm2{G] settings EB 89 Selling Up Timer Type tm. 89 Testing the Reject Davies .. 92 xii 4618-021 CONTENTS (Continued) tm2{G] TIMER - GATED MODE. 93, Introduction 7 93, tm2{G] settings... 93, Setting Up Timer Type tm2G. 93 Testing the Reject Device 7 tm3[G] TIMER - NON GATED MODE... fait ee 99 Introduction ‘m3 setting: Setting Up Timer Type tm3. ‘Testing the Reject Device ‘tm3{G] TIMER - GATED MODE. Introduction Testing the Reject Device REJECT CONFIRMATION UNIT. aaa Introduction... ee Timer Types - tmt, tm2 and tm. Timer Type - tm3 and tm36... Loose Product. Fixed Speed Appl Packaged Product, Fixed Speed Applications Loose Product, Vatiable Speed Applications... Packaged Product, Variable Speed Appcaton. RCU Fault Reporting.. Reject Fault. Inpuoutput Fault APPENDIX A SPEED SENSOR FOR THE tm3[G] TIMERS. Speed Sensor Requirements... Speed Sensor Electrical Connections... Producing a Rotary Encoder Using a Proximity or Photo-clectric Sensor Disc Construction... Determining the Required Shift Distance of the Speed Sensor. 116 APPENDIX B SETTING UP AND CONNECTING A PRINTER TO THE METAL DETECTOR. 119 General. Requirements of Your Serial Printer 7 119 Connection of Printer to Detector. Rte 120 APPENDIX C SAMPLE PRINTED REPORTS... 7 121 Metal Detector Current Settings Printout : 121 QA Seltings Printout Be 122 Shift Report Printout. 123 Performance Check Printout. i 128 4618-021 xi PRELIMINA, CONTENTS (continued) APPENDIX D METAL DETECTOR SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS LINK smn 125 Inttoducton CO 425 Host computor or intelgent equipment I as Specification of the serial ink Test Mode Priovty of Host-Computer Vs Detector. Valid message identifiers Command identffer -'b’ "Automatic setup Procedure . Commands the host can trans Commands the metal detector may transi Command identifier -"E" Error Codes. Command identi - Automatic sensitivity ink procedure ‘Commands the host can transit rm: ‘Commands the metal detector may transmit. Command Identifier -"Q’ QA Lisis and Displays. QA Operator commands. A Inspector commands. ‘Command Identifier -'202° Automatic product: speed rocedure ‘Commands the host can transmit... Commands the metal detector may transmit. CRC GENERATION. Method, ¢ Program. TIMING DIAGRAMS FOR SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS APPENDIX E MAGNETIC LOOPS...... SETTINGS SHEETS. 125 126 NOTES. xiv 4618 -021 INDEX A ‘Amendment, ‘Aperture height, ‘Automatic setup. 3, 97,39, 43, 52 ‘Automatic racking, 3,46, 48, 68 B Batty, 5 Bearing blocks, 12 Bat join, 12 Boost mode, 40 Buzzer, 48 c Cable Giand Assemblies, 16 Cautions ‘Communications 4, 6,125, Conclamp, 15, Cortents, vi Control Pane, 17 Gorveyer, 11 Counters, 6,7 GRE generation, 143 D Date, setting, 60 Detect signal, 5 Detector heads positoning, 10 Detector terminals, 13, Due alarm, 6, 78 E Etocticl connections, 10 Engineer Mode, 42 Environmental protection, 5 FE Fout output, 6. s Gated timers, 3.83 Guides, 21 a Handing instructions, v Ho 1... 21, 25,28, 27 1 Tastatation, 9 averse detections 45 L Language, 49 cco, 17 Line identication. 72 ™ Manually Setting the Detector, 28 Magnetic loops. 149 Metal free 2000, § N Name, 37, 39, 43, Nex QA test, 34 Numer Velies, 20 4618 - 021 ° Operator Access, 63 (Operator mode, 37 ‘Operating Frequency, 40,44 Overdue ‘alarm at, 6, 78. ‘utp, 6 Period, 75 Pp Pack counter, 7, 94, 40, 46 Pack sensor ‘Caloation, 60 distance, 88 requirements, 6 selup, 47, 59| Page Display System, 18 Performanes chock, 25, 78 Performance Vaddation Guide, 25, Phase ‘contol, 4 Soltng, 28, 37, 20,43, Poston of he detector. 10 Power dive, 43. Powor supsiy ‘connections. 44 specification, 5 Printer setup, 72 handshake, 60 ‘connections, 119 specification, 119, Printouts, 25,77 samples,121 Product effect 4 rogue name, 37, 29,42 Product number Intodtion, 3 seting.57, 39, 42 setiag guide, 24 Product signal cancallaton, 3,46, 53. Product speed, 27, 47,66 Procuct Throughput Speed. 5 PRA Q QA Inspector Mode, 71 QA. Duel Overcue, 6, 3 QA Operator ‘mode, 78 ‘Secunty codes, 76, 78 QA. Suppod. 4 QA testtime, 34 R RO sensor, 110 RCU Settings, 49, 110 Reject counter, 6 reading, 32,40, 48 seling, 40, 40 Reject confematon, 49, 110 Reject canfemation eit, 110 eject init, 47, 48, oct clay, 5 Reject timore, 22 Running mode, 33 s ‘Secunty, 19,47, 63 Sensiviy igradion, 7 Jin, 67 spherical, 7 Sensitivity setting, 37,99, 43 Serial number, 33, Shits, (QA) Drinlouts, 74,76, 7 fepot interval, 74 report options, 73 ‘report start time, 74 Shift distance, 99,104, 115, Soft koys, 18 Speed Change Guide, 27 Speed sensor connections, 6, 14 Spoed sensor ek construction, 115, Speed sensor requivements, 6, 115, Spood setup, 68 Supervisor Mode, 33 Switched Power Output, 5 Syetom Faut Relay, 5 T Tectuical specication, Temporature ‘operating, 5 storage, vi ‘Tostinteval, 71,75. ‘Test sample calibration, 73, Time display. 34 seting, 50 Timers ‘groups, 3, 40, 45,82 ‘10u Selection, 40, 45,82 introduction, 8, 82 ranges, 7 Unt setng. 85 2, setting, 126, sottnig 93 13 sting, 99 {26 setting, 104 ‘ypos, 3 Touch Keys, 18 u Universal Stings Guide, 22 v Vibration setup, 47, 57 ‘Vibration sigs, # Viewing Mode, Bi w Warnings, Warm up time, § ~ Figure BowovoHsons 43 PhasefAmplitude ..n..- Effect of Phase Control... Effects of Unwanted Signals . Metal Free Zone Guidelines. Typical Metal Detector Conveyor. Bearing Block And Mounting Foot Insul Belt Joints. Layout of Components and Terminals on the SMPS .. Power Connections to the Detector... Cable Gland Assemblies for Power Supply Uni... Control Panel... Running Mode Flow Chart... Operator Mode Flow Chart. ‘Supervisor Mode Flow Chart... Engineer Mode Flow Chart. Pack Sensor Setup Flow Chart... Security Setup Flow Chart. ‘QA inspector And Operator Flow Chart... Viewing Mode Flow Char. Tmt Timer Flow Chart... ‘Tm2 Timer Flow Char. ‘Tm3 Timer Flow Chart. Producing a Rotary Encoder using a Proximity or Photo-clectic Sensor... Disc Construction . Determining the Required SI Query of Detector nn Host Command Type 1, (causes change in Host Command Type 2, (causes no change In value of detector variable) Event Occurence Inside Detector... Event driven message interrupting normal ack/nak response tothe host. 4618 - 021 PRELIMINARY PAGES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A Ampere AC Alternating current AH Aperture height CRC Cyclic redundaney check De. Direct current Fe Ferrous ft foot Hz Hertz Kk Kilo (10°) kez KiloHertz kv Kilovott ko, KiloOhm Lep Liquid crystal display LED, led Light emitting diode m metre mA rmitlampere MEZ Metal free zone MHz MegaHertz min minute mm rmilimetre ms milisecond non-Fe —_Non-ferrous NPN Negative-positve-negative (Iype of transistor) PNP Positive-negative-positive (type of transistor) PSC Product signal cancellation PVR Performance validation routines OA Quality assurance RMS Root Mean Square v Volt VA Volt amps w Watt ec Degree Celsius °F Degree Fahrenheit 4618 -021 xvii PRELIMINARY PAGES ee Eee eect ot ace eee Hace ete Pet anasto Een eee ere eee eerie 4618-021 ES OF OP! Principles of Operation for the Metal Detector Safeline detectors utlise a low power, high frequency, ‘magnetic field coil system which has the ability to sense minute disturbances created by metal particles. A metal particle passing through the aperture of the detector will create changes in the magnetic field inside the detector. ‘The changes in the magnetic field will generate electrical signals in the coll system which can be characterised by the parameters Phase and Amplitude. ‘The amplitude/size of the signal is related to the size of the metal particle passing through the field, the larger the metal particle the greater the amplitude of the signal. Different types of metal generate signals which differ in phase angle. The term phase angle is a ‘comparative term and is a measurement of phase relationship relative to some reference Vibration Signals Great care is taken in the design and manufacture of the Safeline detectors to minimise the effect of vibration on the performance of the detectors. However mechanical disturbances do create vibration signals from the coil system, Vibration signals can be represented in the same way as signals generated by metal particles i.e. a signal with amplitude and phase. The vibration signal is used as a reference when ‘comparing the phase angle of signals from the coil system. For example, if we say stainless steel has a particular value of phase angle, the phase angle is the angle relative to vibration. Reasons for selecting vibration as the reference phase will become apparent, Product Effect Metal detectors are used to inspect all types of products e.g. food pharmaceuticals, plastics, chemicals and many others. 4618-021 ‘Some products exhibit a ‘product effect’ ie. the product itself generates a signal in the same way as a ‘metal particle. This results from the bulk conductivity of the product at high frequency. For most products, usually dry products, the product effectis negligible. Wet or moist products, e.g. meat, sauces, soups etc. gonerate a large product effect signal which wil influence the effective operating sensitivity ofthe detector Product effect signals can be represented diagramatically as a signal with amplitude and phase in the same manner as the signals from metallic particles. Phase Control ‘The Safeline metal detector contains a phase control circuit which discriminates between the wanted signals from metal particles and the unwanted signals from vibration and product effect, i. it maximises the detectors response to metal particles whilst ‘minimising the effects of the unwanted signals. Probably the simplest way of reducing the vibration or product effect signals would be to adjust the sensitivity control. However, the sensitivity control would reduce the sensitivity to all signals, metalic signals, vibration and product signals alike. What is required is a more selective adjustment that will discriminate between different signals, The Phase control does this, it selectively reduces the ‘signals from vibration and product effect with minimal effect on the metalic signals. ‘A-comparison can be made with a domestic Hi-Fi system. The volume control of the Hi-Fi increases or decreases the amplitude of all signals just ike the ‘metal detector sensitivity control. The bass control of the HiFi selectively controls the low frequency notes only. This is similar to the phase control circu, however the phase control circuit in a Safeline metal detector is very much more sele Signals from the detector coll system can be represented as shown in Fig 1

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