Keventon Davis Professor Wolcott ENC 1102 MWF 12:30PM-1:30PM 23 October 2013 T e !se Transcranial Ma"netic #ti$!lation as a T era%e!

tic Treat$ent Met o&

T is annotate& biblio"ra% ' is abo!t transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation an& o( it as beco$e a %o%!lar to%ic of &isc!ssion (it in t e ne!rolo"' co$$!nit') First an& fore$ost ( at is transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation* +t is a noninvasive $et o& t at ca!se &e%olari,ation or '%er%olari,ation in t e ne!rons of t e brain) +n TM# !ses electro$a"netic in&!ction to in&!ce (ea- electric c!rrents !sin" a ra%i&l' c an"in" $a"netic fiel&. t is can ca!se activit' in s%ecific or "eneral %arts of t e brain (it $ini$al &isco$fort/ allo(in" for st!&' of t e brain0s f!nctionin" an& interconnections) 1 variant of TM#/ re%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation 2rTM#3 as been teste& as a treat$ent tool for vario!s ne!rolo"ical an& %s'c iatric &isor&ers incl!&in" $i"raines/ stro-es/ Par-inson0s &isease/ &'stonia/ tinnit!s/an& &e%ression) T ere are not $an' ris- t at occ!r (it t is treat$ent besi&es rare ac!te sei,!res) T e a!&ience of t is biblio"ra% ' is $ore to(ar&s t e ne!rolo"' co$$!nit' $ore t an an' t in" else) T e sco%e of t e investi"ation lean $ore to(ar&s TM# bein" !se a treat$ent $et o& for ne!rolo"ical &iseases an& &isor&ers t an it bein" a (a' to &ia"nose a %atient) M' researc e& $ostl' consists of aca&e$ic articles an& st!&ies con&!cte& b' &istin"!is e& &octors of ne!rolo"') T e first st!&' on transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation (as con&!cte& b' 1nt on' 4ar-er an& is fello( collea"!es of t e 5o'al 6alla$s ire 6os%ital in En"lan&)

Obeso/ +"nacio/ 5a'/ Nicola 7)/ 1ntonelli/ Francesca/ C o/ #an" #oo an& #trafella/ 1ntonio 8Co$binin" f!nctional i$a"in" (it brain sti$!lation in Par-inson0s &isease9) International Review of Psychiatry. Oct2011/ :ol) 23 +ss!e ;/ %<=>-<>;) ?%) +n t is sc olarl' article/ &octors 2fro$ Toronto Western 5esearc +nstit!te an& 6os%ital/ @niversit' 6ealt Net(or-/ @niversit' of Toronto/ Toronto/ Cana&a. an& +$a"in" 5esearc Centre/ Centre for 1&&iction an& Mental 6ealt / @niversit' of Toronto/ Toronto/ Ontario/ Cana&a3 researc t e effects of &ee% brain sti$!lation 2D4#3 an& transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation 2TM#3 on $otor/ co"nition an& be avior in Par-insonAs &isease 2PD3 (it %artic!lar e$% asis on ne!roi$a"in") T is article is i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion on o( t e !se of transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation or TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it s o(s it s o(s t e reliabilit' in assessin" cortical eBcitabilit' in ne!rolo"ical con&itions) Pa-istani-Eno$oto/Terao/ Cas!o/ 6anaDi$a/ 5its!-o/ Mats!&a/ # !nic i/ O $ina$i/ # in'a/ +no$ata-Tera&a/ #ato$i/ Mats!$oto/ 6i&e'!-i/ C!"eta/ 1-i iro/ Ca$a$oto/ To$ota-a/ Eoto/ 7!n/ C!$oto/ Masato/ Ts!Di/ # oDi an& @"a(a/ Cos i-a,!1/FMotor cortical e%ile%sia %artialis contin!a in a %atient (it a locali,e& sensor' cortical lesion)FClinical Neurology & Neurosurgery. Nov200?/ :ol) 111 +ss!e ?/ %>=2->=;) <%) +n t is sc olarl' article/ &octors fro$ t e @niversit' of To-'o an& Me&ical @niversit' in F!-!s i$a/ 7a%an st!&' a t irt'-t ree 'ear ol& $ain s!fferin" fro$ !lcerative colitis 2t'%e of infla$$ator' bo(el &isease3/ %e$% i"oi& 2s-in &isor&er c aracteri,e& b' lar"e blisters3 an& severe $!scle s%as$s) T e' !se& transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation to st!&' s ort-interval intracortical in ibition/ ( ic $eas!res t e internal %at (a's of t e $otor corteB/ to eval!ate t e %ri$ar' $otor cortical eBcitabilit' of t e %atient) T is article is i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion of o( t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it s o(s t e effectiveness of t is t'%e of sti$!lation to t e brain

( en tr'in" to treat a &isease or &isor&er) Wasser$ann/ Eric M) an& Trela(n' Gi$$er$ann) FTranscranial $a"netic brain sti$!lation: T era%e!tic %ro$ises an& scientific "a%s)F Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 7an2012/ :ol) 133 +ss!e 1/ %?H-10>) 10%) +n t is sc olarl' Do!rnal article/ Eric M) Wasser$ann an& Trela(n' Gi$$er$ann 2&octors fro$ t e 4e avioral Ne!rolo"' @nit/ National +nstit!te of Ne!rolo"ical Disor&ers an& #tro-e/ an& National +nstit!tes of 6ealt in Mar'lan&/ @#13 &escribe& o( transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation is a fairl' ne( treat$ent $et o& for $an' &iseases an& &isor&ers concernin" t e brain) T e' ave also researc e& t e t era%e!tic !se of transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation 2TM#3 (it %atients t at ave &e%ression/ Par-inson0s &isease/ anBiet'/ an& ot er ne!rolo"ical &iseases) T is article is i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion on o( t e !se of TM# is

beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it as onl' been aro!n& for 30 'ears an& t is el%s to &e$onstrate o( ne( t is $et o& of treatin" ne!rolo"ical &iseases an& &isor&ers) 5otenber"/ 1leBan&er/ De(i De%ostario-Cabacar/ Erica 6'!nDi 4ae/ C ella$ani 6arini/ 1lvaro Pasc!al-Ieone/ an& Masanori Ta-eo-a) 8Transient s!%%ression of sei,!res b' re%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation in a case of 5as$!ssenAs ence% alitis)9 Epilepsy & Behavior. 7!l200H/ :ol) 13 +ss!e 1/ %2=0-2=2) 3%) +n t is sc olarl' article/ &octors an& researc ers 2fro$ 6arvar& Me&ical #c ool in t e clinical ne!ro% 'siolo"' &e%art$ent an& t e 4erenson -1llen center for noninvasive brain sti$!lation3 st!&' re%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation as a %ossible treat$ent for t e sei,!res of e%ile%sia %artialis contin!a2rare t'%e of brain &isor&er in ( ic a %atient eB%eriences rec!rrent $otor e%ile%tic sei,!res t at are focal 2 an&s an& face3/ an& rec!r ever' fe( secon&s or $in!tes for eBten&e& %erio&s 2&a's or 'ears3 3) T e' st!&ie& a %atient (it 5as$!ssenAs ence% alitis ( o (as s!fferin" fro$ intractable sei,!res) T is %atient (o!l& receive 1 6, (ort of re%etitive transcranial sti$!lation 2rTM#3 for t irt' $in!tes for nine &a's in t e s%ecific area of t e brain t e sei,!re (as occ!rrin") T is article is beneficial to $'

&isc!ssion on o( t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it s o(s o( it can be !se& to treat intractable sei,!res of a %atients ( o as 5as$!ssenAs ence% alitis) Coon/ K'!n"/ Con"-Tae- Iee/ an& Tai 6an) 8Mec anis$ of f!nctional recover' after re%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation 2rTM#3 in t e s!b-ac!te cerebral isc e$ic rat $o&el: ne!ral %lasticit' or anti-a%o%tosis*9 Experimental Brain Research. Oct2011/ :ol) 21< +ss!e </ %;<?-;;=) H%) +n t is sc olarl' article/ &octors 2fro$ t e #c ool of Me&icine of @n"-'!n-(an @niversit' an& #eo!l National @niversit' Colle"e of Me&icine locate& in #o!t Korea3 researc e& o( effective rTM# is in stro-e recover') Prior researc on t is (as ver' !nclear) T e' eval!ate& t e effect of rTM# on f!nctional recover' an& its !n&erl'in" $ec anis$ b' assessin" %roteins associate& (it ne!ral %lasticit' an& anti-a%o%tosis in t e %eri-lesional area !sin" a s!bac!te cerebral isc e$ic rat $o&el) T is article is beneficial to $' &isc!ssion on t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it s o(s anot er $aDor &iscover' on o( !sef!l TM# reall' is) Fre"ni/ F)/ D) K) #i$on/ 1) W!/ an& 1) Pasc!al-Ieone/ 8Non-invasive brain sti$!lation for Par-inson0s &isease: a s'ste$atic revie( an& $eta-anal'sis of t e literat!re)9 ournal of Neurology! Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. Dec200;/ :ol) >= +ss!e 12/ %1=1<-1=23) 10%) ; C arts/ ; Era% s) T is article 2(ritten b' &octors fro$ t e De%art$ent of Ne!rolo"' fro$ 6arvar& Me&ical #c ool an& t e @niversit' of #o!t California3 &escribe& a st!&' to create a $ore &esire& res!lt !sin" transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation 2TM#3 an& electroconv!lsive t era%'/ electric s oc-/ 2ECT3 to treat t e $otor s-ills of a %atient (it Par-inson0s &isease) T e res!lts of t eir st!&' s o(e& t at a co$bination of TM# an& ECT &i& el% t e %atients $otor s-ills) T is article el%s $' &isc!ssion on o( t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it is anot er eBa$%le on o( TM# is bein" !se to treat Par-inson0s) Ieon-#ar$iento/ Fi&ias E)/ Carlos 5i,,o-#ierra/ E&"ar&o 4a'ona/ 7ai$e 4a'ona-Prieto/ 5ic ar&

Dot'/ an& Willia$ 4ara-7i$ene,) 8Novel Mec anis$s @n&erl'in" +n ibitor' an& Facilitator' Transcranial Ma"netic #ti$!lation 1bnor$alities in Par-inson0s Disease)9 "rchives of #e$ical Research. 1%r2013/ :ol) << +ss!e 3/ %221-22H) H%) +n t is sc olarl' article/ &octors 2fro$ t e @niversit' of Penns'lvania an& t e @nit of Par-inson an& Move$ent Disor&ers in Col!$bia3 st!&' t e o( TM# affects t e $otor-evo-e& %otential of a %atient (it Par-inson0s &isease) @nli-e t e ot er articles/ TM# &i&n0t &ra$aticall' affect t e $otor-evo-e& %otential) T is is ver' i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion on o( t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it s o(s t at TM# &oes as &ra(bac-s b!t is constantl' bein" revise& to be $ore efficient) T eo&oroff/ #ara M)/ 5obert I) Fol$er) 95e%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation as a treat$ent for c ronic tinnit!s: a critical revie()9 %tology & Neurotology. 2013 Feb. :ol) 3< 223/ %%) 1??-20H) T is article %rovi&es bac-"ro!n& infor$ation abo!t rTM# an& revie(s st!&ies t at investi"ate& rTM# as a treat$ent for c ronic tinnit!s) T is article is beneficial to $' &isc!ssion beca!se it %rovi&e& a brief istor' on rTM# an& &is%la'e& t e effectiveness of rTM# in treatin" &iseases t at affect o!r sense of earin" ) Ka-!&a/ Watar!/ Masa iro 1bo/ 5'o Mo$osa-i an& 1,!sa Moroo-a)9T era%e!tic a%%lication of =6,-%ri$e& lo(-freJ!enc' rTM# co$bine& (it intensive s%eec t era%' for %ost-stro-e a% asia) 8 Brain In&ury. Nov2011/ :ol) 2; +ss!e 12/ %12<2-12<H) >%) 3 C arts) +n t is sc olarl' article &octors 2fro$ t e De%art$ent of 5e abilitation Me&icine/ 7i-ei @niversit' #c ool of Me&icine/ To-'o/ 7a%an3 atte$%t to clarif' t e safet'/ feasibilit' an& efficac' of =-6,-%ri$e& lo(-freJ!enc' re%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation 2rTM#3 co$bine& (it intensive s%eec t era%' 2#T3 for %ost-stro-e a% asic %atients) T e' -ee% < %atients for eleven &a's in a os%ital an& "ive t e$ ei" teen treat$ents of rTM# an& &ifferent freJ!encies at &ifferent ti$e intervals) T e res!lt of t e st!&' (as able to %rove t at rTM# (as safe an& i$%rove& lan"!a"e accessibililt' (it all t e %atients) T is article is i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion on o( t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar

in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it s o(s t at it is a safe an& effective %roce&!re an& ot er fello( &octors (o!l& %ro$ote t is t'%e of treat$ent) 6a!%ts/ M) 5) #) Da!$/ E) 1 le/ 4) 6olin-a/ an& W) Ee len) 8Transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation as a %rovocation for e%ile%tic sei,!res in $!lti%le sclerosis)9 #ultiple 'clerosis(()*+,*-*. ) 1!"200</ :ol) 10 +ss!e </ %<>;-<>=) 2%) +n t is article &octors 2fro$ t e De%art$ent of Ne!rolo"' of 5! r @niversit'3&escribes a case of sei,!re %rovocation &!rin" &ia"nostic transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation 2TM#3 (it a corres%on&in" central nervo!s s'ste$ 2CN#3 lesion in cranial $a"netic resonance i$a"in" 2M5+3) T e res!lt of t is case (as t at t e' co!l& !se TM# to safel' &ia"nose $!lti%le sclerosis) T is article is i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion beca!se it s o(s o( safe t is %roce&!re) +f a %roce&!re is safe %eo%le ten& to !se $ore t an ris-' treat$ents #trafella/1ntonio P)/Csbran& :an&er(erf/ an& 1bbas F) #a&i-ot/ 8Transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation of t e !$an $otor corteB infl!ences t e ne!ronal activit' of s!bt ala$ic n!cle!s)9 European ournal of Neuroscience. Oct200</ :ol) 20 +ss!e H/ %22<;-22<?) ;%) +n t is sc olarl' article &octors 2fro$ Montreal Ne!rolo"ical +nstit!te K 6os%ital of McEill @niversit' in L!ebec/ Cana&a3 !se& transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation &!rin" intrao%erative sin"le-!nit recor&in"s 2( ic $eas!res t e internal %at (a's of t e $otor corteB3 fro$ t e s!bt ala$ic n!cle!s 2#TN3/ in siB %atients (it Par-insonAs &isease !n&er"oin" i$%lantation of &ee% brain sti$!lators/ to &eter$ine ( et er TM# of t e $otor corteB 2MC3 $o&!lates t e activit' of #TN an& also to investi"ate in vivo t e f!nctional or"ani,ation of t e corticos!bt ala$ic circ!it in t e !$an brain) T is article is is i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion on o( t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se t e !se of TM# (as able to o%en !% $ore &oors in t e brain an& in Par-inson0s &isease) E&(ar&s/ D'lan an& Feli%e Fre"ni) 8Mo&!latin" t e ealt ' an& affecte& $otor corteB (it re%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation in stro-e: Develo%$ent of ne( strate"ies for

ne!rore abilitation)9 NeuroReha/ilitation. 200H/ :ol) 23 +ss!e 1/ %3-1<) 12%) 1 C art) +n t is sc olarl' article D'lan E&(ar&s an& Fre"ni Feli%e 2&octors fro$ Center for Noninvasive 4rain #ti$!lation/ De%art$ent of Ne!rolo"' of 6arvar& Me&ical #c ool 3 &isc!ss !sin" re%eate& transcranial $a"netic sti$!altion to i$%rove $otor s-ills after a stro-e) T ro!" t ere o(n st!&ies an& researc t e' (ere able to &e&!ce t at TM# &oes i$%rove $otor s-ills) T is is i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion on o( t e !se of TM# is beco$in" %o%!lar in t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' beca!se it (or-s) +t is a reliable %roce&!re t at el% treat or i$%rove ne!rolo"ical &iseases an& &isor&ers) :onlo / Matt e(/ 5obert C en/ an& 4en,i Kl!"ar) 8#afet' of transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation in Par-inson0s &isease: 1 revie( of t e literat!re9 Par0insonism & Relate$ 1isor$ers. !ne 2013 :ol 1?) +ss!e =) %) ;>3-;H;) +n t is aca&e$ic article/ &octors 2fro$ De%art$ent of Ne!rolo"'/ @niversit' of Colora&o #c ool of Me&icine/ 1!rora/ CO/ @#1 an& De%art$ent of Me&icine/ Division of Ne!rolo"'/ @niversit' of Toronto/ Toronto/ Ontario/ Cana&a3 (ante& to test o( safe TM# reall' so t e' revie(e& all TM# st!&ies involvin" Par-inson0s &isease %atient) T e' (ere able to fin& o!t t at TM# &oes not %ose an' si"nificant ris-s to PD %atients) T is is beneficial to $' &isc!ssion beca!se it s o(s o( t e ne!rolo"ical co$$!nit' is $a-in" s!re t at TM# is a safe %roce&!re) #ince $ore %eo%le are !sin" it t e (ant to $a-e s!re t at t ere are not an' si&e effects) 6oso$i K) / 6) Kis i$a/ #) Os ino/ M) 6irata / N) Tani / T) Mar!o/ #) Corif!Di/ T) Cos i$ine / C) #aito 8Cortical eBcitabilit' c an"es after i" -freJ!enc' re%etitive transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation for central %oststro-e %ain9 Pain/ :ol!$e 1;</ +ss!e H/ 1!"!st 2013/ Pa"es 13;213;>) +n t is article/ &octors 2fro$ $an' De%art$ents of Ne!rolo"' in 7a%an3 con&!ct a st!&' on o( transcranial $a"netic sti$!lation can relieve %atients (it ne!ro%at ic %ain 2%ain ca!se& b' &a$a"e or &isease t at affects t e so$atosensor' s'ste$3) T e' con&!ct t is st!&' b' &oin" a &o!ble blin&/ s a$ covere& crossover st!&' at seven centers (it sevent' ne!ro%at ic %ain

%atients) T is article is beneficial to $' &isc!ssion beca!se el% to s o( t e atte$%ts of !sin" TM# for a (i&e ran"e of ne!rolo"ical &iseases an& &isor&ers) To$o'!-i Mar!o / 6oso$i Koic i/ Tos io # i$o-a(a / 6ar! i-o Kis i$a / #ator! Os ino / # a'ne Morris / C! Ka"e'a$a / Masar! Co-oe / Tos i-i Cos i$ine / Co!ic i #aito ) 86i" FreJ!enc' 5e%etitive Transcranial Ma"netic #ti$!lation over t e Pri$ar' Foot Motor 1rea in Par-inson0s Disease)9 Brain 'timulation. 2? Ma' 2013) +n t is article/ &octors 2fro$ $an' &istin"!is e& ne!rolo"' &e%art$ents in 7a%an3 are st!&'in" t e effectiveness of re%etitive transcranial sti$!lation on t e foot area on $otor s'$%to$s) Wit t is st!&' t e &octors (ere able to %rove t at rTM# is ver' effective in foot area) T is article is ver' i$%ortant to $' &isc!ssion beca!se its %rovi&in" evi&ence on o( effective t is treat$ent $et o& is)