Phonetics

The Vocal Tract

Vowels (monophthongs)

i e

Vowels (diphthongs)

a a
e

Consonants

pbdkg f v s z hmn l r j w

t d

Consonants vs. Vowels

consonantal sounds: obstruction of airflow in vocal tract vowel sounds: little to no obstruction of airflow

Vowels with examples

i u e sheep, sea, machine kit, bid, hymn, minute foot, good, put goose, two, blue, group dress, bed, head, many about, common, standard nurse, stir, learn, refer thought, law, north, war trap, bad strut, mud, love, blood start, father lot, odd, wash
e a a e face, day, break price, high, try choice, boy goat, show, no mouth, now near, here, weary square, fair, pair poor, jury, cure

Consonants with examples

p b t d k g t d f v pen, copy, happen back, baby, job tea, tight, button day, ladder, odd key, clock, school get, target, ghost church, match, nature judge, age, soldier fat, coffee, rough, photo view, heavy, move thing, author, path this, other, smooth s
z

soon, cease, sister

zero, music, roses, buzz ship, sure, national pleasure, vision

h
m n

hot, whole, ahead

more, hammer, sum nice, know, funny, sun ring, anger, thanks, sung

l
r j w

light, valley, feel

right, wrong, sorry, arrange yet, use, beauty, few wet, one, when, queen