)(Flotation

-1-11

. ) ( .

.
-2-11 )(Principles of Flotation

) (100m . )(1mm

) (Hydrophobic .

)(

) (Collector

) (Frother .

112

Agitator

-1-11

)(

)(

-2-11

)( ) ( )(

.
.

-3-11

-3-11 - -

) ( .

-4-11

W
SA

S = S + W cos
A

:
WS = W 1 + S 1 S 1
A

:
) WS = W (1 cos
A

: .

) (Aerophilic .

-4-11
(1 ) :(Collision .
) . 50m 1mm
(.
(2 ) :(Attachment
.
.

-5-11

(3 ) :(Stability )(
.
-5-11 )(Collectors

) (C2H6 .

|
C
|

|
C
|

. :

).(C2H5-OH

-6-11

H
|
C

Na

C
|

H
|

C
|

H
H

-7-11 )(Sodium ethyl xanthate

) (CMC .

-8-11

2 5 .

)(%

-9-11

-6-11 )(Frothers

.
.

-10-11

) (-OH .

) MIBC ( .
CH 3

CH
|
OH

CH 2

CH

CH 3

|
CH 3

20-50g/t.

: ) (Activators

) .(Depressants .
: .
-7-11 )(Electrical Double Layer

.
O
|
SiO2 + 2 H 2 O O Si O + 4 H +
|
O

O
O

| O
O
O Si
Si
O
O
O Si
| O

O
Si

)(ZPC

)(ZPC

-11-11

pH 2 ) (ZPC .

pH 2 2
.

-8-11 pH )(The Importance of pH

pH .

pH .

pH 9 ) .(12-11

600
500
400
300
200

)(mg/lit.

700

100
0
11

10

pH

-12-11 pH

. pH

OH- .
-9-11 )(Flotation Circuits

) (Scavenger .

-13-11

-1-9-11

-14-11

)(Scavengers

)(Roughers

)(Cleaners

-15-11 - -

)(Scavengers

)(Roughers

)(Cleaners

)(Re-cleaners

-16-11

16-11 .

15-11 %80 .

0/04

1-0/8=0/2

0/68

10/8 =0/8

0/16
0/16

0/80/8=0/64

= 0.64 100 = 94%

0.68

) (R .
1 R

) 1 ( R + X ) ( R + X
2

X
3

R+ X

R R
) (R + X
3 2

R
) (R + X
2

R
) (R + X ) (R + X
2

1
1 1

) X = R(R + X ) R R(R + X
2
3 2

3R 2 R 3
6 3R + R 2

1 1

) R R (R + X
3 2

=
1

) 1 (R + X ) R (R + X
2

= X

-2-9-11 )(Flowsheet Design

.
R

)(

)(

) -17-11( )(

pH

.
.

) R = 1 exp( kt
:R t

:k )(1/

:t

) Ln(1-R k.

-10-11
-1-10-11

-18-11

-19-11 5/7m

-20-11 14/2m3

-21-11 )(42/5m3

-22-11 (36/1m3) Denver

-2-10-11

10

:
(1

(2

(3

(4

-23-11

)( ) (Jameson cell )( ) (Column cell